JPH04123797U - Evacuation exit device when a ship capsizes - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To install an escape room inside the bottom of a ship that can float without sinking even if it capsizes, and to communicate this escape room with an evacuation exit provided on the upper deck side through an evacuation passage. In the event of an emergency, each person on board the ship can evacuate to the escape room through the evacuation exit, wait for rescue, and after the rescue team arrives, escape outside the ship through the escape hatch in the escape room to avoid danger. [Configuration] An evacuation exit installed on the upper deck side of a ship, an escape room provided inside the bottom of the ship so as to correspond substantially vertically to the evacuation exit, and the evacuation exit and the escape room communicated with each other. An escape hatch is provided on the wall of the escape room that normally faces the underwater side, and an airtight hatch is provided near the evacuation exit or the escape room. The passageway is comprised of an evacuation exit device in the event of a capsizing of a ship, characterized in that a handhold member for evacuation is provided.

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

0001

[Industrial application field]

This invention is an evacuation solution for vessels that float with their bottoms on top even if they capsize, such as gravel carriers. This relates to an escape exit device.

0002

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, on various ships such as passenger ships, large fishing boats, cargo ships, and gravel carriers, when in distress, be equipped with legal equipment such as life rafts, life buoys, and life jackets to save lives. The ship is obligated to protect the ship from capsizing due to rough weather or collisions between ships while the ship is sailing. In the event of a shipwreck or sinking, the upper deck will be used to evacuate the ship. The liferaft moored to the plank is lowered to the water surface, and each person stows it in a designated place inside the ship. Put on a lifebuoy, a life jacket, etc., and transfer to a liferaft lowered to the surface of the water. , or jump to the surface of the water with a lifebuoy or life jacket on and try to rescue while floating. It's what you're waiting for.

0003

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in the event of a distress accident during stormy weather or at night, legal equipment is required. Lower the life raft to the surface of the water, and store lifebuoys, life jackets, etc. inside the ship. There was not enough time to take out the emergency equipment, and it was not possible to adequately respond to life-saving equipment. In many cases, lives are lost. Floating on the surface of the water while fully equipped with life-saving equipment such as life rafts and life jackets. However, in stormy weather, at night, or in winter, the detection rate is low, making it difficult to detect ships in case of distress. There were problems such as the inability to avoid the risk of human life.

0004 This invention was made in view of the above conventional problems, and its purpose is to Like a carrier ship, there are double inner panels on the bottom and inner walls, and an air chamber is formed along the outer panels. Even if a ship capsizes, it will remain floating almost horizontally from the stern to the bow. Taking advantage of this, an escape room is installed inside the bottom of a ship that can capsize and float, and In the event of an emergency, there is no need to wear a life preserver, and you can immediately retreat to the escape room at the bottom of the ship. By sheltering in place and waiting for rescue, the rescue rate is high and human lives are less at risk when a ship is in distress. An object of the present invention is to provide an escape exit device that can be used to avoid capsizing of a ship.

[0005]

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is installed on the upper deck 22 side of the ship 10. An evacuation exit 24 and a bottom 14 of the ship 10 so as to correspond substantially vertically to the evacuation exit 24. An escape room 26 provided inside is connected to the evacuation exit 24 and the escape room 26. The escape room 26 normally has a wall facing the underwater side. An escape hatch 42 is provided on the surface 36, and an escape hatch 42 is provided near the evacuation exit 24 or escape room 26. An airtight hatch 46 is provided nearby, and a handhold for evacuation is provided within the evacuation passage 28. An evacuation exit device 12 for use when a ship capsizes is provided with an evacuation member 86. be done.

[0006]

[Effect]

If the ship is in danger of capsizing, everyone on board should immediately evacuate to the upper deck. It collects in the mouth. Then, the ship became unable to recover and capsized. When the emergency occurred, each person evacuated from the evacuation exit through the evacuation passage to the escape room at the bottom of the ship. After everyone has evacuated, close the airtight hatch near the evacuation exit or escape room. Prevent seawater from entering the escape room and water pressure from being applied. After the ship capsizes You can remain in the escape room waiting for rescue, or you can return to the escape room after the storm has subsided. Escape to the outside of the ship through the escape hatch provided, so prepare life preservers etc. in case of an emergency. It is unnecessary, safe, has a high rescue rate, and avoids the risk of human life in the event of a ship emergency. It becomes possible.

[0007]

【Example】

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. 1-3, an embodiment of the present invention is shown installed in a vessel 10, such as a gravel carrier. Evacuation exit device 12 (hereinafter abbreviated as evacuation exit device 12) in case of capsizing of such a ship. A structure is shown in which a A ship 10 such as the gravel carrier is loaded with gravel from both sides from the bottom 14. An air chamber 20 partitioned by a lined inner plate 18 extends over the inner surfaces of the plates 16, 16. We are prepared. Therefore, the ship 10 can be Even if the ship capsizes, the buoyancy of the air chamber 20 will keep it in an approximately even position from bow to stern, as shown in Figure 6. In this capsized floating state, the evacuation exit device does not float in the floating state and sink. 12 to wait for rescue or safely escape to the outside.

[0008] As is clear from the figure, the evacuation exit device 12 is located on the upper deck 22 of the ship 10. The evacuation exit 24 is installed on the side, and the evacuation exit 24 is located on the ship 10 so as to correspond approximately vertically to the evacuation exit 24. An escape room 26 provided inside the ship bottom 14 communicates the evacuation port 24 with the escape room 26. It is equipped with an evacuation passage 28 provided so as to The evacuation exit 24 is located in a cabin 3 installed near the stern of the upper deck 22 of the ship 10. It is provided in the wheelhouse 32 on the upper floor of 0. However, this evacuation exit 24 does not necessarily need to be provided inside the wheelhouse 32, but rather on the upper deck. It may also be in the cabin 30 of the cabin 22, and the key is to ensure that everyone on board can gather quickly in the event of an emergency. It is sufficient as long as it is on the upper deck 22 side that can be opened. The escape room 26 is inside the ship's bottom 14 below the evacuation port 24, and is For example, in an area near the engine room 34 where equipment is relatively not concentrated, A hollow rectangular parallelepiped-shaped waterproof isolated state is installed on the upper surface of the inner plate 18 lined with the frame. has been done. In addition, an evacuation passage 28 that communicates from the evacuation exit 24 to the escape room 26 is accessible by each person. It is formed into a waterproof and isolated state with a rectangular or cylindrical shape that can be carried. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the escape room 26 has a wall surface that always faces the underwater side. 36 toward the ship's bottom 14, an escape port 38 is opened in an airtight manner, and the inside of this escape port 38 is 4, a partition plate 40 shown in FIG. An exit hatch 42 is provided. Further, on the inner surface of the escape tube opening 38, there is an escape tube opening 38 in an overturned and vertically disposed state. A handle 44 is provided for climbing up. Further, a fan 45 is installed at an appropriate position such as on the wall inside the escape room 26, and a tie is provided. External air is pumped into the escape room 2 via the evacuation passage 28 while being driven by a motor vehicle at different times. 6 to prevent the inside of the escape chamber 26 from becoming oxygen-deficient. Inside the escape room 26, a non-bulky life jacket, a life buoy, and in some cases an inflatable It is used to store a tension-type life raft or emergency portable food, etc., and is used to After overturning, evacuate to escape room 26 and wait for rescue, depending on the situation. Then escape to the outside. At that time, each person should put on a life jacket and open the escape hatch 42. It opened and escaped to the upper surface of the bottom 14 of the capsized and floating ship, and the inflatable raft, lifebuoy, Emergency portable food and the like are also taken out to the upper surface of the ship's bottom 14 at the same time, if necessary. In addition, under normal conditions, the escape hatch 42 is in a position retracted from the bottom 14 of the ship. Therefore, even if the bottom 14 of the ship comes into contact with a rock or the like during navigation, the escape hatch 42 will not be damaged and watertightness will not be compromised.

[0009] The evacuation exit 24 at the upper end of the evacuation passage 28 is provided with a passage into the evacuation passage 28 in the event of capsizing. In order to prevent flooding or water pressure, an airtight hatch 46a shown in FIG. 5 is provided. It is being The airtight hatch 46a has an upper edge 48 bent inwardly of the escape passage 28. is pivotally connected to a hinge 50 installed on the periphery of the upper edge 48, and closes the upper edge 48 in a watertight manner. The door body 52 has a fastening mechanism 54 on the opposite side of the hinge 50. A is provided. The fastening mechanism 54a is pivotally supported by a bearing 56 installed on the door body 52. a rotating shaft 58 protruding from the inner and outer surfaces of the rotating shaft 58; 48, and a claw plate 60 that engages with the inner surface of the rotary shaft 58. The inner handle 62a and the outer handle 62b are fixed. Further, a handle 64 is fixed to the lower surface of the door body 52, and the door body 52 also has a handle 64 fixed to its lower surface. It is held open in the wall W by a suitable telescopic support 66 such as a spring. In an emergency, each person should go through the evacuation passage 28 through the opened airtight hatch 46a. The last person grasps the handle 64 and evacuates through the door body 52 while evacuating to the escape room 26 through the The upper edge 48 of the passageway 28 is tightly closed, and the internal handle of the fastening mechanism 54a 62a is rotated to engage and lock the claw plate 60 on the inner surface of the upper edge 48. be. In the unlikely event that someone arrives late at the evacuation exit after the airtight hatch 46a has been closed, If the person in question unlocks the airtight hatch 46a using the external handle 62a. Release the door to open the door body 52, and after evacuating inside, close and lock the door body 52 again. It is something to do. As a result, even if the vessel 10 capsizes, water will not flood into the evacuation passage 28. , no water pressure is applied.

0010 Instead of providing the airtight hatch 46a at the evacuation exit 24, an evacuation hatch is provided as shown in FIG. An airtight hatch 46b is provided at the lower end of the escape passageway 28 on the escape room 26 side of the escape passageway 28. It may be provided. The airtight hatch 46b is attached to a hinge 70 provided on the ceiling plate 68 of the escape room 26. A door body 72 is pivoted to close the lower end of the evacuation passage 28, and the door body 72 is closed. A mounting mechanism 54b is provided. The fastening mechanism 54b is located on the opposite side of the hinge 70. A rotating shaft 76 is pivotally supported by a bearing 74 of a door body 72, and one end of this rotating shaft 76 The claw plate 80 that engages with the lower edge 78 of the evacuation passage 28 is fixed and rotated. A handle 82 is fixed to the other end of the shaft 76 for operating the claw plate 80 from the escape chamber 26 side. It is. Further, the door body 72 is secured to the ceiling using a suitable holder 84 such as a chain with a hook. It is removably latched to the plate 68. In the airtight hatch 46b, each After a person has evacuated into the escape room 26, the holder 84 is disengaged from the door body 72, and the door body 72 is disengaged from the door body 72. 2 to the lower end of the evacuation passage 28, turn the handle 82 of the fastening mechanism 54b. The claw plate 80 is engaged with the upper surface of the lower edge 78 to lock the door body 72 and escape. As in the case of the airtight hatch 46a, water is prevented from entering the chamber 26 and water pressure is applied. This means that it can be stopped. The evacuation passage 28 has a handhold part such as a ladder, a handle, a rope, or a chain on its inner surface. The material 86 is installed from the upper end to the lower end. Inside the evacuation route 28, each person The user can safely retreat to the escape room 26 while holding the handhold member 86.

[0011] The evacuation exit device 12 of the present invention keeps the bottom 14 of the ship as the top surface even if it capsizes like a gravel carrier. This equipment is installed in a ship 10 that can float on the sea, which is remote from land. An emergency situation where the ship 10 capsizes due to rough weather or collision between ships while navigating If an emergency occurs, the captain will sound an emergency signal inside the ship and have everyone gather at evacuation exit 24. Ru. Each person who has gathered enters the evacuation passage 28 through the open airtight hatch 46a. and safely move to the escape room 26 inside the ship's bottom 14 while grasping the handhold members 86 one after another. Next time evacuate. When everyone has finished evacuating, the last evacuee closes the airtight hatch 46a. Then, the airtight hatch 46a is locked by the fastening mechanism 54a. This airtight hatch 46a, on the escape room 26 side, there is an airtight cap that closes the lower end of the evacuation passage 28. Even if a switch 46b was installed, everyone on board completed the evacuation into the escape room 26. At this point, the airtight hatch 46b is closed and locked by the fastening mechanism 54b, and the escape room 2 is closed. 6. Prevent water from entering the interior and water pressure from being applied. Then, the bottom 14 becomes the top surface. The evacuees in the escape room 26 of the ship 10 that has capsized and is floating are The ship can wait in a safe condition until the rescue team arrives and hits the floating bottom 14. If you hear a sound, etc. inside the escape chamber 26 near the bottom 14 of the ship, immediately go inside the escape port 38. The person opens the escape hatch 42 and climbs to the top of the ship's bottom 14 to be rescued. In addition, if the stormy weather subsides or after dawn, evacuate before the arrival of rescue teams. Open the hatch 42 and go up to the upper surface of the ship's bottom 14, and the inflatable gas stored in the escape chamber 26 A type of life raft, life buoy, etc. should be taken out to the outside and floated on the sea surface. It is possible to navigate to land under one's own power while using the aircraft.

0012 FIG. 8 shows an evacuation exit device 12a of another embodiment installed in the ship 10. It is. In the figure, the evacuation exit device 12a is installed on the upper deck 22 of the ship 10. A waterproof and isolated evacuation room installed in the lower part of the wheelhouse 32 on the upper floor of the cabin 30. 88, and an escape room 26 provided inside the ship's bottom 14 that corresponds substantially vertically to this evacuation room 88. and an evacuation passage 28 provided to communicate the evacuation room 88 and the escape room 26. We are prepared. The floor surface 90 of the wheelhouse 32 is provided with an evacuation exit 24 and equipped with an airtight hatch 46c. In the evacuation passage 28, there are ladders, handles, ropes, or chains as in the previous embodiment. A handhold member 86 is provided. The escape room 26 has a wall surface 36 that always faces the underwater side, as in the embodiment described above. An escape port 38 is opened in an airtight manner toward the bottom 14 of the ship, and inside this escape port 38 is A waterproof escape hatch 42 is provided. Even in the ship 10 equipped with the evacuation exit device 12a, An emergency where the ship 10 capsizes due to rough weather or collision between ships while sailing on the sea. When a situation occurs, the captain must assemble everyone on board inside the wheelhouse 32 and leave some of them in the wheelhouse. 32 and wait in the evacuation room 88. When the ship's hull cannot be restored and capsizes Those remaining in the wheelhouse 32 immediately evacuate to the evacuation room 88 through the evacuation exit 24. Quickly close and lock the airtight hatch 46c to prevent water from entering the evacuation room 88 in the event of capsizing. Prevent water pressure from being applied. After the ship 10 capsizes, the evacuation room 32 along with the wheelhouse 32 is submerged in the water, The bottom 14 floats above the sea surface due to the buoyancy of the air chamber 20 inside the bottom or the outer shell. , each person in the evacuation room 32 uses the handhold member 86 inside the evacuation passage 28 to reach the escape room 26. Climb up and escape. Then, evacuation inside the escape room 26 inside the capsized and floating ship bottom 14. The person must wait in a safe condition until rescue teams arrive, and then immediately evacuate. Open the escape hatch 42 in the outlet port 38 and climb up to the top of the ship's bottom 14 and be rescued. That will happen. Therefore, in the event of a ship emergency, there is no need to wear life preservers, etc., and the escape room 2 at the bottom of the ship By being able to safely evacuate within 6 days and waiting for rescue, you can carry life rafts and life preservers on the sea surface. It is safer and has a higher rescue rate than floating while wearing it, and is useful in case of a ship emergency. This means that the danger to human life can be avoided. Note that capsizing is not limited to gravel carriers, but also regular cargo ships, passenger ships, and other vessels. Later, due to the buoyancy of the engine room and the surrounding air chambers, the capsized stern section appeared to be floating. The ship may be equipped with the evacuation exit device of the present invention, and even in this case, after capsizing, By waiting in the escape room 26 until the arrival of the rescue team, a distress accident can occur. rescue rate can be increased.

[0013]

[Effect of the idea] As explained above, the evacuation exit device for when a ship capsizes according to claim 1. According to the above, there is an evacuation exit installed on the upper deck side of the ship, and an evacuation exit that corresponds approximately vertically to this evacuation exit. , an escape room provided inside the bottom of the ship communicates with the evacuation exit and the escape room. The escape room is equipped with an evacuation passage provided so that An escape hatch is provided in the escape hatch, and an airtight hatch is provided near the escape exit or the escape room. is provided, and a handhold member for evacuation is provided within the evacuation passage. In the event of an emergency such as a capsizing of the ship, the inside of the ship can be accessed from the evacuation exit on the upper deck side. An escape room on the bottom of a ship that remains floating in a capsized state even after the ship capsizes. safely await rescue in the ocean, attach a life raft or other lifesaving equipment, and leave the open sea. The rescue rate is higher than floating, and the risk of human life is definitely avoided in case of a ship emergency. It becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the stern of a ship equipped with an evacuation exit device for capsizing a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an escape room inside the bottom of the ship.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which an airtight hatch is provided to close the upper end of the evacuation passage.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a capsized state of the ship.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view showing an airtight hatch that closes the lower end of the escape passage provided on the escape room side.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a ship equipped with an evacuation exit device for when a ship capsizes according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Ship 12 Evacuation exit device in case of capsizing of a ship 14 Bottom of the ship 22 Upper deck 24 Evacuation exit 26 Escape room 28 Evacuation route 42 Escape hatch 46 Airtight hatch 86 Handle member

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] [Claim 1] An evacuation exit installed on the upper deck side of a ship,
An escape room provided inside the bottom of the ship so as to substantially vertically correspond to the evacuation exit; and an evacuation passage provided to communicate the evacuation exit and the escape room; An escape hatch is normally provided on the wall facing the underwater side.
An evacuation exit device for capsizing a ship, wherein an airtight hatch is provided near the evacuation exit or the escape room, and a handhold member for evacuation is provided within the evacuation passage.