JPH0412394B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for automatically drying grains so that even if significantly less grain than the normal storage capacity is stored, the grains are less likely to crack and have good taste. This article relates to a grain drying method that allows drying of grains.

Conventionally, in order to efficiently obtain dried grains with less occurrence of shell cracking and good taste, grain temperature and moisture values of the grains to be dried were measured over time, and calculations were made from the measured grain temperature and moisture values obtained. Grain that is dried while controlling both or either of a heating device and a blower device so that both or either of the drying rates is below a preset expected grain temperature and a preset expected drying rate. The drying method is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 55-150475, Japanese Patent Application No. 57-213191, and Japanese Patent Application No. 57-213192.
As described in the respective Nos., these were previously developed by the present applicant.

By the way, in the conventional method of drying grains that controls grain temperature and moisture, as shown in the moisture and temperature change curve graph in Figure 1, the moisture value of the grains has reduced moisture unevenness among the grains22. % and enters the grain temperature and moisture control period, 1 after the start of drying.
Grain temperature and/or moisture values measured at intervals are compared with preset grain temperature reference values and moisture reference values, and depending on the difference, the heating device and/or the blower may be activated. One of them is controlled to dry the grains to a predetermined value by using dry air at an appropriate hot air temperature and air flow rate.

However, during the grain drying operation as described above, in addition to always drying the normal capacity of grain, there are cases where a significantly smaller amount of grain than the normal capacity is to be dried.

In such a case, when the grain temperature and moisture value were measured every hour and the grain temperature and moisture value were controlled based on the measured grain temperature and moisture value as in the conventional drying method, the following Because it takes a long time to measure the amount of grain stored, grains with a significantly lower storage capacity will undergo a greater number of circulation flows than those with a normal storage capacity, and during this period, the drying process will occur many times, resulting in the grain becoming overdried. As a result of the frequent occurrence of shell cracks, the grain temperature and moisture value also change significantly by the time of the next control, resulting in the drawback that accurate drying is not possible, and there is a strong desire to improve this problem.

Therefore, in order to solve the drawbacks of conventional grain dryers, the present invention aims to reduce the measurement interval of grain temperature and/or moisture value when the capacity of grain to be dried is significantly less than the normal capacity. To accurately automatically dry even fractional quantities of grain without causing shell cracking by shortening the time and increasing the number of measurements and quickly controlling both or one of the grain temperature and moisture value. The purpose of this study is to obtain a method for drying grains that allows for drying of grains.

In view of the above, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a method in which the grain temperature and moisture value of the grain to be dried are measured over time, and both the measured grain temperature and the measured drying rate obtained, or In a device that dries while controlling both or one of a heating device and a blower device so that the temperature is below a preset value of either one, the amount of grain to be dried is significantly smaller than the normal amount. In some cases, grain drying methods are characterized by shortening the measurement interval for grain temperature and/or moisture values, and according to such grain drying methods, storage of the grain to be dried is Even if the amount of grain is significantly lower than the normal storage capacity, simple control operations that shorten the measurement interval and increase the number of measurements of grain temperature and moisture values can be used to measure grain temperature and moisture values during drying. To detect a change in a measured moisture value more quickly, and quickly reduce grain temperature and/or drying rate to a predetermined value or less by operating both or one of a heating device and a blower device. is possible,
As a result, grains can be dried accurately without shell cracking, and because the measurement interval is short, changes in grain temperature and moisture values are also small.
This solves the drawback of the conventional method that the control cannot be kept up, and achieves the effect that the control operation can be achieved smoothly and accurately.

A block circuit for carrying out the grain drying method according to the present invention will be explained below.

In FIG. 3, 1 is a grain amount detector for detecting the amount of grain to be dried and sending the detection signal to the comparison circuit 3, and 2 is a grain amount standard setting circuit. It has the role of sending a signal of the grain amount reference value to the comparison circuit 3 when the grain amount of the grain to be dried is detected, and the grain amount standard setting circuit 2 includes an appropriate storage value for the normal storage amount and less. A grain quantity standard table is included.

3 is the signal sent from the grain amount detector 1,
A comparison circuit that compares the signal sent from the grain amount standard setting circuit 2 and sends a signal suitable for the grain storage amount to either or both of the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5. When the grain storage amount detected by the grain amount detector 1 is the normal storage amount, a signal is sent to the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5,
The detection interval is set to be detected over time, for example, every hour, and when the grain storage capacity is significantly different from the regular storage capacity, the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5 are adjusted according to the storage capacity. For example, the detection interval is 30
Control is performed so that detection can be performed over time by shortening the time to every minute.

Numeral 4 is a grain temperature detector for detecting the grain temperature of the grain to be dried over time during the drying time and sending the measured grain temperature to the comparison calculation circuit 7. The grain temperature detector 4 according to the present invention When the storage capacity of grain to be dried is the normal capacity, the grain temperature is detected, for example, every hour, and if the capacity is significantly smaller than the normal capacity,
For example, when the temperature is approximately half, the grain temperature is detected at 30 minute intervals, and the signal is sent to the comparison circuit 7.

5 is a moisture value detector for detecting the moisture value of the grain to be dried over time during the drying time and sending the measured moisture value to the comparison calculation circuit 7; the moisture value detector 5 according to the present invention is When the storage capacity of grain to be dried is the normal storage capacity, the moisture value is detected, for example, every hour, and when the storage capacity is significantly smaller than the normal storage capacity, for example, when it is approximately half, the moisture value is detected, for example, every 30 minutes. The value is detected and the signal is sent to the comparison calculation circuit 7. Therefore, the detection intervals of the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5 are changed at any time depending on the amount of grain accommodated.

6 is a grain temperature and moisture value reference setting circuit,
When this circuit 6 detects the grain temperature and moisture value of the grain to be dried over time, it sends signals of a grain temperature reference value and a moisture reference value, which are predetermined according to the moisture content of the grain, to a comparison calculation circuit 7, respectively. The grain temperature and water temperature standard setting circuit 6 has the function of sending grain temperature and water temperature, for example, when the grain temperature is below 40℃ in the case of paddy, and when the grain temperature is below 46℃ in the case of wheat. In addition, in the case of beer barley, a grain temperature standard table that maintains the grain temperature below 40℃ and a moisture content of the dried grain of 20% or more are required.
A predetermined moisture value standard table is incorporated so that drying can be performed at a drying rate of 0.8% per hour between 15% and 15%.

7 is a signal sent over time from either or both of the grain temperature detector 4 and moisture value detector 5, and signals sent over time from the grain temperature and moisture value reference setting circuit 6. It is a comparison calculation circuit for comparing the received signal and sending a signal to the control device 8 for controlling both or one of the heating device 9 and the blower device 10. Vessel 4
If the grain temperature and moisture values detected over time by the moisture value detector 5 are different from the values set in the grain temperature reference table and the moisture value reference table,
A signal is quickly sent to the control circuit 8 to control the fuel supply amount and air blowing amount of both or one of the heating device 9 and the blower device 10 to change the hot air temperature or air blowing amount of the drying air, The grain temperature and drying rate are controlled to be below the grain temperature standard value and drying rate standard value, and drying is performed while preventing shell cracking and quality deterioration due to abnormally high temperatures or rapid drying progress. It has the role of carrying out.

Next, its effect will be explained.

Now, as shown in the drying time, moisture, and temperature change curve graph in Figure 2, the initial moisture content is, for example,
Fractional grains with a moisture content of 24.8% and approximately half the grain amount compared to the normal capacity are set to the moisture standard value (e.g. 0.8%)
When you want to automatically dry to a predetermined value,
Simultaneously with the input of the grain to be dried, the grain amount detector 1, the grain amount reference setting circuit 2, and the comparison circuit 3 are activated, and a signal corresponding to the amount of grain to be dried is sent to the moisture value detector 5, which determines the respective measurement intervals. Change control according to the amount of grain. In other words, when the grain storage capacity is the normal storage capacity, the measurement interval is, for example, every hour, and when the storage capacity is significantly lower than the normal storage capacity, for example, about half, the measurement interval is changed. control to perform detection work over time every 30 minutes.

Once the measurement interval is determined according to the capacity as described above, the heating device 9 and the blower device 10 are operated,
By blowing dry air, the dried grain is dried to a moisture content of 22%, which reduces the occurrence of moisture unevenness. When the moisture value detector 5 detects that the moisture value of the grain to be dried has reached 22%, the drying operation enters automatic control, and the grain temperature detected by the moisture value detector 5 at 30 minute intervals At the same time as the moisture value signal is sent to the comparison calculation circuit 7, a signal is sent from the moisture value setting circuit 6 to the comparison calculation circuit 7, and the two are compared. As a result, a control signal is quickly sent to the control circuit 8 according to the difference between the measured moisture value obtained over time and the preset moisture reference value, and based on this control signal, the heating device 9 and/or the air blower 10 are automatically controlled to control the temperature of the hot air and/or the amount of air blown, so that the moisture value of the grain to be dried is set to a preset moisture standard value (e.g.
The drying operation may be carried out sequentially over time while controlling the drying temperature to a predetermined value of 0.8%).

Regarding grain temperature, the signals from the grain temperature setting circuit 6 and the grain temperature detection circuit 4 are compared by the comparison calculation circuit 7, and based on the control signal from the control circuit 8, both the heating device 9 and the blower device 10 or Either one is controlled and the grain temperature of the grain to be dried is set to a preset grain temperature standard value (for example, paddy 40℃, wheat 46℃, vinyl wheat 40℃)
The method of keeping the temperature below and drying is the same as above.
It goes without saying that the grain temperature may be measured at short time intervals starting from the moment when the moisture value is high (22% or more).

Therefore, even if the amount of grain to be dried is significantly smaller than the normal amount of grain to be dried, the temperature and moisture content of the grain to be dried will be reduced because the above control operation is performed over time at short intervals, for example, every 30 minutes. Since the value is quickly controlled without changing much more than the predetermined value, an increase in the number of circulation flows may result in an overdrying state, which may cause shell cracking, or if the difference from the predetermined value is too large, control may be required. To accurately dry even a small amount of grain without making it difficult, and to efficiently obtain dried grain with good taste.

Even with the above-mentioned control means, if it is not possible to simultaneously control both the grain temperature and the drying rate to be below a predetermined value, the control of either the grain temperature or the drying rate is ignored, and either one is controlled. Drying may be completed while controlling so that only one of the two values becomes a predetermined value.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a graph of grain temperature, moisture, and temperature change curves to explain the conventional grain drying method;
The figure is a grain temperature, moisture, and temperature change curve graph showing an example for explaining the method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a block circuit diagram for implementing the method of the present invention. 1... Grain amount detector, 2... Grain amount standard setting circuit, 3... Comparison circuit, 4... Grain temperature detector, 5...
Moisture value detector, 6... Grain temperature and moisture value reference setting circuit, 7... Comparison calculation circuit, 8... Control circuit, 9
...Heating device, 10...Blower device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The grain temperature and moisture value of the grain to be dried are detected over time, and the heating device and air blower are installed so that both or either of the detected grain temperature and the detected drying rate are below a preset value. In a device that performs drying while controlling both or either of the grains, when the capacity of the grain to be dried is significantly lower than the normal capacity, the measurement interval for both or either of the grain temperature and moisture value is shortened. A grain drying method characterized by: