JPH04136546A - Automatic transmission with over-drive - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an automatic transmission with an overdrive that is equipped with an overdrive device that is a speed-increasing drive that rotates an output shaft faster than the rotation of an engine.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in response to the demand for improved fuel efficiency of automobiles, it has become mainstream to install automatic transmissions that set the reduction ratio to overdrive smaller than 1 when driving at high speeds, even for F-F type automobiles. As shown in FIG. 6, when an overdrive device 63 and a speed change gear device 64 are coaxially arranged in series on the output shaft 62 and pinion shaft of the torque converter 61, 1st speed, 2nd speed, 3rd speed and reverse In this case, the overdrive device 63 is directly connected by a clutch or one-way clutch, and the overdrive device 6 in this directly connected state
The power is transmitted to the speed change gear device 64 via the speed change gear device 64, and the power is switched to each gear stage by the speed change gear device 64. When the driving state is overdrive, overdrive is obtained by switching overdrive device 63 to speed increase and directly connecting transmission gear device 64 to third speed.

Conventionally, there is a three-speed automatic transmission as shown in FIG. In the three-speed automatic transmission, an output from a crankshaft, that is, an engine output shaft 1, is input to a torque converter 7, and an output shaft 2 of the torque converter 7 is further connected to one clutch plate of a front clutch 22.

The other clutch plate of the front clutch 22 is connected to the sun gear 30 of the planetary gear set 6 through the connecting shell 18.
The drive is connected to the On the other hand, the output shaft 2 of the torque converter 7 is connected to one clutch plate of a rear clutch 23. The other clutch plate of the rear clutch 23 is drivingly connected to the pinion gear 29 of the planetary gear unit 6 through an internal gear 36. The pinion gear 29 has
A planet carrier 28 is connected. The planet carrier 28 is connected to a three-speed automatic output shaft 9, and an output gear 10 is connected to the three-speed automatic output shaft 9.
is provided. Output gear 10 has idle gear 40
is drivingly connected to the ring gear through. Further, the carrier 3 supporting the pinion gear 31 of the planetary gear device 6
5, a low reverse brake 24 and a one-way clutch 25 are connected.

The conventional three-speed automatic transmission is constructed as described above, and its respective shift positions and operations of each part operate as shown in FIG.

Conventionally, an automatic transmission in which an overdrive device and a triple automatic transmission gear device are configured in a serial transmission path is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 19861/1986.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, in the parallel two-shaft overdrive automatic transmission, the power transmission in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd gears involves transmitting the rear output of the 3rd-speed automatic transmission to the output shaft 75. The output is taken out by the provided gear, but the output during overdrive is taken out from the pump impeller of the torque converter 71 or the turbine shaft of the torque converter 71 and sent to the overdrive gear 73 of the counter shaft 74 in the third speed section 72. It is transmitted without going through. An example of such an automatic transmission is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-12298.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-117943 discloses an automatic transmission for a vehicle in which an overdrive portion is provided in parallel with a four-speed transmission in a parallel two-shaft type.

The automatic transmission for a vehicle includes a torque converter or a fluid coupling, a counter drive gear disposed in series with the output shaft of the torque converter or the fluid coupling, and an input shaft, an intermediate shaft, and a counter drive gear located coaxially therewith. , a second shaft installed in parallel with the input shaft and the intermediate shaft and having a second shaft input gear meshed with the counter drive gear and a second export force gear meshed with the input gear of the differential mechanism; A 4-speed transmission, which is provided on the same axis as the input shaft or on the second shaft, is composed of a 2 cent simple planetary gear and a frictional engagement element, and changes gears in 4 forward speeds and 1 reverse speed; The second shaft is provided in series with the four-speed transmission in the power transmission flow, and one set of simple planetary gears and ll! It consists of an overdrive device consisting of a frictional engagement element, and performs gear changes of five forward speeds and one reverse speed.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-654 discloses a vehicle transmission that changes gears between two parallel wheels. The vehicle transmission includes a reverse drive train and a plurality of forward drive trains between an input shaft and an output shaft that are parallel to each other, and a predetermined one forward drive train out of these forward drive trains. and a reverse drive train are configured by a common planetary gear device, and the planetary gear device includes a sun gear to be interlocked with the input shaft, a ring gear to be interlocked with the output shaft, and a support arm for the planetary gear meshing with both gears. is provided on either the input shaft or the output shaft, and one of the two gears that should be linked to the one shaft should be fixed to the one shaft and should be linked to the other shaft. The other gear is connected to the other shaft via a gear train, and the device further includes a hydraulic clutch or other clutch element for interlocking the support arm with the input shaft to rotate together with the sun gear, and the support arm. The vehicle is equipped with a hydraulic brake or other brake element for restraining the rotation of the vehicle, and can be selectively switched between a forward drive train when the clutch element is actuated, and a reverse drive train when the brake element is actuated. .

[11 Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in F-F type automobiles, because the engine output shaft and the axle shaft are close to each other, the overdrive device and the triple automatic transmission device, that is, the speed change gear device, are in the sixth position. When arranged in series as shown in the figure, the overall length increases and axial space becomes a major problem.

Furthermore, if the overdrive device is placed immediately after the torque converter output shaft and on the input side of the 3-speed automatic transmission, as in the automatic transmission disclosed in JP-A-52-19861, the overdrive device and the 3-speed automatic transmission Since the transmission gear and the transmission gear are arranged coaxially, the degree of freedom in the overdrive ratio is reduced.

The automatic transmission for a vehicle disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-117943 is a 4-speed automatic transmission having two sets of planetary gears, and a 5-speed automatic transmission by adding a planetary gear type overdrive device. The problem is that the structure is complicated and the transmission efficiency is reduced.

In addition, the vehicle transmission disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-654 has a planetary gear device added, and one forward drive train and a reverse gear are replaced with planetary gears. The starting gear of 1st speed and 2nd speed and subsequent gears are switched.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems,
An overdrive section is provided on the output side of the 3-speed automatic ink, and the 3-speed section and overdrive section are configured in parallel with two parallel wheels to shorten the space in the axial direction. - It is configured so that it can be easily applied to F-type automobiles, etc., and an overdrive device is installed without changing the structure of the conventional Simpson type or Borgwana type 3-speed automatic transmission.
An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic transmission with an overdrive capable of increasing speed.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the present invention provides a torque converter drive-coupled to an engine output shaft, a 3-speed automatic output shaft coaxially provided with the output shaft of the torque converter, and an output shaft arranged parallel to the 3-speed automatic output shaft so as to be drive-coupled. and an overdrive-equipped automatic transmission having an overdrive device disposed so as to be drivingly connected to the output shaft and drivingly connected to the three-speed automatic output shaft.

In this automatic transmission with an overdrive, an overdrive gear of the overdrive device is meshed with an output gear provided on the output shaft of the 3-speed automatic to drive connection, and an overdrive gear is provided between the overdrive gear and the output shaft. It incorporates a drive clutch and is configured to enable driving connection.

[Effect]

The automatic transmission with overdrive according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows.

That is, this automatic transmission with overdrive includes a 3-speed automatic output shaft provided coaxially with the engine output shaft, an output shaft arranged parallel to the 3-speed automatic output shaft,
and an overdrive device disposed on the output shaft and drivingly connected to the triple automatic ink output shaft,
The overdrive device is arranged in parallel to the three-speed automatic ink output shaft, thereby reducing the space in the axial direction and the overall length, allowing the automatic transmission to have a compact structure.

Further, in this automatic transmission with an overdrive, the overdrive gear of the overdrive device is meshed with the output gear provided on the 3-speed automatic ink output shaft for driving connection, so that the output gear and the overdrive gear are connected to each other. The overdrive ratio can be easily changed by simply changing the gear ratio, providing a large degree of freedom.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of an automatic transmission with overdrive according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the automatic transmission with overdrive according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the automatic transmission with overdrive of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory diagram of the overdrive device shown in FIG. 1;

This automatic transmission with overdrive basically has a structure in which an overdrive device is installed in the conventional 3-speed automatic transmission shown in Fig. 4, so the parts shown in Figs. 1 and 3 are Regarding the reference numerals, the same parts as those of the three-speed automatic transmission shown in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals.

This automatic transmission with an overdrive drives the output of the 3-speed automatic output shaft 9 in the 3-speed automatic transmission to either a transmission gear transmission system by the transmission gear output shaft 3 or an overdrive transmission system by the overdrive device 8. The overdrive device 8 is arranged on the output shaft 4 parallel to the output shaft 9 of the three-speed automatic. Specifically, this automatic transmission with an overdrive includes a torque converter 7 drivingly connected to an engine output shaft 1, a 3-speed automatic output shaft 9 provided coaxially with the output shaft 2 of the torque converter 7, and a 3-speed automatic transmission. It has an output shaft 4 which is a counter shaft and is arranged parallel to the output shaft 9 so as to be drive-connectable, and an overdrive device 8 which is arranged to be drive-connectable to the output shaft 4 and drive-connected to the 3-speed automatic output shaft 9. There is.

In this automatic transmission with overdrive, one side of the output shaft 2 of the torque converter 7 is connected to the front clutch 22.
(C22), and is drivingly connected to the internal gear 36 of the planetary gear unit 6 via the carrier clutch 23 (C23). The connecting shell 18 includes a planetary gear device 6
Sun gear 30. A sun gear shaft 34 having a diameter of '33 is attached. A brake 21 attached to the main body 15 is attached to the connecting shell 18, and the connecting shell 18 is set to be rotatable or fixed by actuation of the brake 21. This brake 21 operates at the second gear to fix the connecting shell 18 and fix the sun gear 30.

In the planetary gear device 6, a plurality of pinion gears 29 are arranged between the internal gear 36 and the sun gear 30. The planet carriers 28 of these pinion gears 29 are connected to a three-speed automatic ink output shaft 9 arranged concentrically with the torque converter output shaft 2 . The planetary gear device 6 also includes a pinion gear 3 that is disposed opposite to the pinion gear 29 and meshes with the sun gear 33.
1 is provided. Sun gear 33 and sun gear 30 are provided on sun gear shaft 34 so as to rotate together. Furthermore, the internal gear 32 of the pinion gear 31 is
It is connected to a 3-speed automatic output shaft 9. Furthermore, a low reverse brake 24 (B24) provided on the main body 15 and a one-way clutch 25 (OWC 25) for first speed are connected to these pinion gears 31. The pinion gear 31 is fixed to the main body 15 by the operation of the low reverse brake 24, and is fixed to the main body 15 by the operation of the one-way clutch 25.
At higher speeds, the vehicle becomes free with respect to the main body 15.

In this automatic transmission with an overdrive, an output gear 10 provided on the 3-speed automatic ink output shaft 9 meshes with an overdrive gear 11 provided on the overdrive shaft 17 of the overdrive device 8. The overdrive shaft 17 is arranged concentrically with the output shaft 4. Therefore,
An overdrive shaft 17 of the overdrive device 8 is driveably connected to the three-speed automatic output shaft 9. Further, the speed change gear output shaft 3 arranged concentrically with the torque converter output shaft 2 is connected to the speed change gear clutch 26 (C2
6) to a three-speed automatic ink output gear 10. A speed change transmission gear 16 attached to the speed change gear output shaft 3 meshes with a drive gear 12 attached to the output shaft 4. Further, an overdrive output gear 13 is attached to the output shaft 4. This overdrive output gear 13 is drivingly connected to the overdrive shaft 17 via an overdrive clutch 27 (C27).

In this automatic transmission with overdrive, the output shaft 4
An output gear 5 is attached to the output gear 5, and the output gear 5 is
It is drivingly connected to the differential gear 14.

This automatic transmission with overdrive is constructed as described above and operates as follows.

Regarding the operation of this automatic transmission with overdrive,
It is shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, clutches 22, 23, 26, 27 and one-way clutch 2 are marked with a circle.
5 or the brakes 21 and 24 are activated. Also, the items marked with a circle in parentheses are unrelated to power transmission. In this automatic transmission with an overdrive, the overdrive operates the clutch 22, the clutch 23, and the overdrive clutch 27 in the engaged state, operates the speed change gear clutch 26 in the disengaged state, and further operates the brake 24 and the brake 21 in the engaged state. It can be obtained by making it inactive.

At this time, the one-way clutch 25 is in a free state of 0.
For example, in Fig. 2, the overdrive gear ratio α is
0.700 is shown. In this automatic transmission with overdrive, each gear ratio of each gear stage is calculated from the basic formula of pinion gears 29 and 31 of the planetary gear unit 6.
For example, the number of teeth of the sun gear 29.33 and the internal gear 32.36 which is the ring gear in the planetary gear device 6 is set as follows.

The number of teeth ZS of the sun gear 30 is 39, the number of teeth ZSt of the sun gear 33 is 30, the number of teeth ZR of the internal gear 36,
and the number of teeth ZR of the internal gear 32 is 72.
shall be.

According to the generally known basic single-binion formula, (ns nc )Zm = (n(-n,) Zs = npZp ・−・−−−−−−−−
(1) However, n: rotation speed, Z: number of teeth, subscript S: sun gear, R: internal gear which is a ring gear, P: pinion gear, C: carrier.

From formula (1), nu Zl nc L ”nc Zl
ns Zs Planet carrier 28 rotation speed nC+
and the rotational speed nR of the internal gear 32 are equal, that is, n C+ '' n Rg -1. From equation (2), the vehicle clutch 26 and the one-way clutch 25 are in the engaged state, and the other clutches 22, 27 is in the released state and the brakes 21,24 are inactive.

Therefore, regarding the operation of the pinion gear 31 side of the planetary gear device 6, the braneft lock middle rear 35 is in a fixed state,
The rotation speed net is zero. Also, internal gear 3
If the rotation speed nR of 2 is set to 1, then from equation (2), nsz= 2.398 Therefore, nst
Since the planetary gear middle rear 28 and the internal gear 32 are structurally connected for driving, ms -nst -2,39
8, so nP+ 1. 2997 1.
542=OnR+ #2.8417.

That is, nP+:nR,-1: 2.842,
Therefore, the gear ratio of one series is 2.842.

Next, in the case of 2nd speed, the clutch 23 and the speed change gear clutch 26 are in the engaged state, the brake 21 is activated, the other clutches 22, 27 and the one-way clutch 25 are in the released state, and the brake 24 is inactive. state.

Therefore, regarding the operation of the pinion gear 29 example of the planetary gear device 6, the sun gear 30 is in a fixed state, and the rotation speed n
S+ is zero. Also, if the rotation speed nR of the internal gear 36 is 1, then from equation (2), 1 1, 54 1 7nC+ -0 Therefore, nC
+”0.6486.

That is, nR, :nP, = 1:0.6486, and therefore, the gear ratio of 2nd speed is 1.5417.

In addition, in the case of third speed, the clutch 22, the clutch 23, and the speed change gear clutch 26 are in the engaged state, and the brake 2
4 and brake 21 are inactive.

Therefore, regarding the operation of the 29 pinion gears of the planetary gear device 6, the rotation speed nR of the internal gear 36 and the rotation speed nS of the sun gear 30 are input simultaneously and are therefore equal.
That is, if n R+ = n S+ = 1, then from equation (2), nC, = l.

That is, nC+:nR+=1:1, and therefore, the gear ratio of the third speed is 1.

In the case of backward movement, the clutch 22 is in the engaged state and the brake 24 is in the activated state. Other clutches 23, 26.
27 is in a released state, and the brake 21 is in an inactive state.

Therefore, regarding the operation of the pinion gear 31 side of the planetary gear system M6, the middle rear 35 is in a fixed state,
The rotation speed nc1 is zero. Furthermore, if the rotational speed nS8 of the sun gear 33 is 1, then from equation (2), nR,--0,417.

That is, nsl:nRt-i: 0.417, and therefore the reverse gear ratio is approximately -2,403.

Therefore, in this automatic transmission with overdrive,
Regarding the gear ratio, α1 is 0.543 in the figure, and α,
is 0.416. Also, the overdrive ratio α
, is 0.700.

Since this automatic transmission with an overdrive is operated as described above, especially when the speed change gear clutch 26 is engaged and the overdrive clutch 27 is released, the 3-speed automatic output shaft 9 and the speed change gear The output shaft 4 is in a driving connection state with the shaft 3, and the output shaft 4 is shifted to 1st, 2nd, or 3rd gear in the D range of the automatic transmission according to the operating state of the planetary gear unit 6. Further, when the speed change gear clutch 26 is released and the overdrive clutch 27 is engaged, the 3rd speed automatic output shaft 9 outputs an overdrive output via the overdrive gear 11, the overdrive shaft 17, and the overdrive clutch 27. It is drivingly connected to the gear 13, and the output shaft 4 is driven in an overdrive state where the rotation speed is faster than the engine rotation.

Moreover, this automatic transmission with an overdrive has a 3-speed automatic output shaft 10 which is a driving gear of the overdrive device 8 or an overdrive gear 1 which is a driven gear.
By changing the gear ratio of 1, it becomes possible to set the overdrive ratio with a large degree of freedom. Also, an overdrive device 8, a speed change gear clutch 26 which is an overdrive switching clutch, and an overdrive clutch 27.
is operated by hydraulic pressure delivered by an oil pump 37 (see Fig. 4) driven by the engine output shaft 1, and can automatically switch between normal three-speed automatic operation or overdrive operation. Can be configured.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the automatic transmission with overdrive according to the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. That is, this automatic transmission with an overdrive includes a torque converter drivingly connected to the engine output shaft, a 3-speed automatic ink output shaft provided coaxially with the output m of the torque converter, and a driving force connected to the 3-speed automatic ink output shaft. The overdrive device has an output shaft arranged in parallel so as to be connectable, and an overdrive device arranged to be drivingly connectable to the output shaft and drivingly connected to the 3-speed automatic ink output shaft. The automatic transmission is arranged parallel to the gusset ink output shaft in a two-shaft manner, reducing the space in the axial direction and the overall length of the automatic transmission, making it possible to configure the automatic transmission with a compact structure.

That is, as described above, this automatic transmission with an overdrive has an output shaft, which is a counter shaft equipped with an overdrive device, and a 3-speed automatic ink output shaft, which is arranged concentrically with the torque converter output shaft, in parallel with two wheels. By configuring this structure, it is possible to create a compact structure that shortens the overall length in the axial direction of the unit, that is, in the axial direction of the automatic transmission.
This is extremely preferable for application to F-type automobiles and the like.

In addition, without changing the structure of a conventional 3-speed automatic transmission, the overdrive device 8 can be easily installed by converting it into a pancage, making it possible to complete the automatic transmission itself with an overdrive. can be made possible.

Furthermore, this automatic transmission with overdrive has a simple structure, can be constructed lightweight, has fewer gears than conventional transmissions, and has good power transmission efficiency. Also,
3-speed automatic ink The speed change gear clutch and overdrive clutch that switch gears between the main shaft, which is the ink output shaft, and the output shaft, which is the output shaft, can be configured with a multi-disc clutch, and can reduce the speed change shock. can be reduced.

In addition, in this automatic transmission with an overdrive, the overdrive gear of the overdrive device is meshed with the output gear provided on the output shaft of the 3-speed automatic for driving connection, so that the output gear and the overdrive gear are connected to each other. The overdrive ratio can be easily changed by simply changing the gear ratio, providing a large degree of freedom.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the automatic transmission with overdrive according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the automatic transmission with overdrive shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional three-speed automatic transmission; FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the three-speed automatic transmission shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional automatic transmission with an overdrive, and FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing another example of a conventional automatic transmission with an overdrive. 1--engine output shaft, 2--torque converter output shaft, 3-1--variable gear output shaft,
4-----One output shaft, 6-----Planetary gear device, 7
−・−・Torque converter, 8・・・・−・Overdrive device, 9−・−・3 speed automatic ink output shaft,
10--3-speed automatic ink output gear, 11-...
...Overdrive gear, 12...Drive gear,
13---Overdrive output gear, 16...
・-speed transmission gear, 17--・overdrive shaft,
21--brake, 22--front clutch, 23--11--rear clutch, 24...
・-brake, 25.--111-one-way clutch, 26.--speed gear clutch, 27-.-overdrive clutch, 28.35--planet carrier, 29.31.--1- - pinion gear, 30.33
−・−・−Sun gear, 32.36・−・−Internal gear, 3 t−−−Sun gear shaft.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A torque converter drivingly connected to the engine output shaft, a 3-speed automatic output shaft installed coaxially with the output shaft of the torque converter, an output shaft arranged parallel to the 3-speed automatic output shaft so as to be drivingly connectable, and An automatic transmission with an overdrive, the overdrive device being disposed so as to be drivingly connectable to the output shaft and drivingly connected to the three-speed automatic output shaft. (2) The overdrive gear of the overdrive device is meshed with the output gear provided on the 3-speed automatic output shaft to drive the overdrive device, and an overdrive clutch is installed between the overdrive gear and the output shaft for driving. The automatic transmission with overdrive according to claim 1, which is configured to be connectable.