JPH041387Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a shock absorbing device that absorbs shocks caused by collisions of automobiles, elevators, etc.

BACKGROUND ART Collision buffering devices that utilize plastic deformation of a collection of cylindrical bodies have been known in the past. However, in this case, the impact load changes significantly in the process of deformation from collision. That is, the impact load from the time of collision to the time deformation begins is very large, and once deformation begins, the impact load becomes small. This means that
This means that the fluctuation range of the impact load during a collision is large, which means that a large stroke is required.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a shock absorbing device that can enhance the shock absorbing effect during a collision and shorten the stroke of the shock absorbing operation by reducing the fluctuation range of the impact load over time.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the figures. The illustrated embodiment absorbs the impact caused by a horizontal collision of an automobile or the like. A fixed plate 1, which is a fixed member, is fixed to a fixed wall W, which is a reaction force receiving member. The inside of the fixed plate 1 has a number of recesses 1a for receiving one end of the cylindrical crushing tube 2.

The cylindrical crushing tube 2 is made of a relatively brittle material that is strong in compression but weak in tension, such as cast iron, concrete, and hard plastics. The tip of a crushing wedge 3 is inserted into the other end of each crushing tube 2 .

The tip of the crushing wedge 3 is inserted into the other end of each crushing tube 2, has a slope 3a whose diameter gradually increases outward from the other end of the crushing tube 2, and the other end is inserted into the collision plate 4. Supported.

Collision plate 4, which is a movable member, faces fixed plate 1,
It has a number of recesses 4a for receiving the crushing wedges 3 on the inside.

A flexible cover 5 is provided between the fixed plate 1 and the collision plate 4.
are connected.

Next, the action will be explained. When an automobile or the like collides with the collision plate 4, the collision plate 4 moves toward the fixed plate 1 and compresses the crushing tube 2. However, since the crushing tube is relatively strong against compressive loads, it can withstand compression without buckling.
However, as shown in FIG. 3, since the crushing wedge 3 is pushed into the crushing tube 2, the crushing tube 2 is pushed open by the slope 3a of the wedge, and the crushing tube 2 is sequentially crushed by the bending stress. That is, the impact of the collision is absorbed and buffered as a crushing force of the crushing cylinder 2. The crushing load is adjusted by changing the inclination angle α of the slope 3a of the crushing wedge 3.

Note that, not limited to the illustrated embodiment, the crushing wedge 3 is fixed to the fixed plate 1, and the other end side of the crushing cylinder 2 is fixed to the collision plate 4.
The same effect can be obtained even if the structure is configured so as to be supported by.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 4, inside the crushing tube 2,
A thickened portion 2a with increased strength is formed to buffer impact in two stages.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a large number of grooves 2b are formed on the outer periphery of the crushing cylinder 2 in order to equalize the crushing load.

Note that the crushing tube 2 is not limited to a cylinder, and the purpose of use is not limited to cushioning a collision of an automobile. For example, when used as a cushion for falling objects, the illustrated embodiment may be used by standing vertically.

As described above, in the present invention, the fixing member 1 supported by the reaction force receiving member W, and the fixing member 1
A movable member 4 that faces the fixed member 1 at a distance and is accessible to the fixed member 1 when receiving an impact load; Alternatively, a crushing tube 2 made of a relatively fragile material extends orthogonally toward the fixed member 1, and the base end is fixed to either the fixed member 1 or the movable member 4, and the distal end is the other end of the crushing tube 2. A crushing wedge 3 that is inserted into the side and has a slope 3a that expands outward from the other end of the crushing tube 2 is provided at the tip thereof, so that when the movable member 4 receives an impact load, the crushing wedge 3 3 slope 3a
Since the shock absorber is configured to sequentially crush the crushing tube 2 while entering the crushing tube 2 in the axial direction, the shock is absorbed by the crushing energy of the crushing tube 2. Although the initial dimensions of the entire device can be reduced because the cylinder 2 is successively crushed in the axial direction and becomes shorter,
This has the effect that the effective length of the shock absorbing stroke can be made relatively large.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a partially cutaway side view, Figure 2 is a side view of the
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a part, Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a part of a crushing cylinder of another embodiment, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a part of a crushing cylinder of another embodiment. It is a diagram. 1...Fixing plate (fixing member), 2...Crushing tube, 3
... Crushing wedge, 3a... Slope, 4... Collision plate (movable member), W... Fixed wall (reaction force receiving member).

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A fixed member supported by a reaction force receiving member; A movable member facing the fixed member at a distance and capable of approaching the fixed member when receiving an impact load; a crushing tube made of a relatively brittle material, one end of which is supported by either the fixed member or the movable member, and which extends in a direction orthogonal to the opposing movable or fixed member; a crushing wedge that is fixed to one of the crushing tubes, the tip of which is inserted into the other end of the crushing tube, and the tip of which has a slope that expands outward from the other end of the crushing tube; A shock absorber characterized in that when a movable member receives an impact load, the slope of the crushing wedge enters into the crushing tube in the axial direction and sequentially crushes the crushing tube in the axial direction.