JPH04149104A - Fruit growth promoter and growth promotion of fruit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a fruit growth promoter exhibiting a hypertrophy-synergistic effect on fruits without exhibiting defects such as deterioration of quality, etc., being observed in a case of solely using gibberellin by co-using a specific pyrazole compound and gibberellin. CONSTITUTION:The objective fruit growth promoter contains (A) a pyrazole compound expressed by the formula (R1 is 1-4C alkyl; R2 and R3 are H or 1-4C alkyl) and (B) gibberellin as active ingredients in amounts of A=1 pt.wt. to B=0.01-50 pts.wt., especially 0.05-5 pts.wt., and preferably the component A and the component B are simultaneously or individually (but to be coexistent of the both components) applied in the blooming of fruits to exhibit an excellent hypertrophy-synergistic effect on fruits, not predictable from each effect of the components. Furthermore, said promoter has also extremely high safety to trees without exhibiting defects such as deformation of fruits or lengthening of peduncle due to lengthening of diameter medianus generating in a case of solely using gibberellin.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a fruit growth promoter containing a pyrazole compound having a specific structure and gibberellin as active ingredients, and a method for promoting fruit growth using the same. .

[Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Many fruit trees use various plant growth regulators to improve fruit quality and maintain stable production. In particular, fruit growth promoters for the purpose of fruit enlargement have various advantages, such as promoting fruit growth, allowing for early harvesting and shipping, improving fruit quality, and increasing fruit size, thereby increasing product value. Research has been done. Conventionally, gibberellins, which are plant hormones, have been used to regulate the growth of fruit trees such as grapes and pears. However, although gibberellins have a certain degree of fruit enlargement effect on apples, they have disadvantages such as longer transfer to the fruit and longer flower peduncles, making them impractical.

The present inventors have already proposed that a pyrazole compound having a certain structure exhibits excellent properties as a flower thinning agent for apples. As a result of further research, when the pyrazole compound was used in combination with gibberellin, it not only showed a synergistic effect on fruit enlargement that could not be expected from the properties of each alone, but also prolonged the horizontal transfer observed when gibberellin was treated alone. The present inventors have discovered that high-quality fruit can be produced without any defects such as fruit deformation or elongation of the flower stem, and have completed the present invention.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention relates to the following general formula CI) R.

(However, R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R2 and R8 are the same or different hydrogen atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.) It is a fruit growth promoter containing as an active ingredient.

Furthermore, the present invention is a method for promoting fruit growth, characterized in that the pyrazole compound represented by the general formula [1] and gibberellin are applied simultaneously or separately during flowering to coexist.

The alkyl group represented by R1 to R:l in the general formula [I] is a linear or branched group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, a 1so-propyl group, and a t-butyl group.

The pyrazole compound represented by the general formula [1] of the present invention exhibits an excellent fruit enlargement effect when applied together with gibberellin to fruits such as apples, among which R, is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Rz.

Particularly preferred are those in which R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

To specifically illustrate the pyrazole compound of the present invention, α-
(3,5,6-)dichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1',3'-dimethyl-5'-pyrazolyl)
Amide, α-(3,5,6-)dichloro-2=pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1'-ethyl-3'-methyl-5
'-pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3,5,6-dolychloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1'-propyl-3'-methyl-5'-pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3
,5,6-dolichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N
-(1'-Isofuropyru-3'-methyl-5'pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3,5,6-)dichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1'-butyl-3'-methyl-5 'pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1'-isophthyl-3'-methyl-5'-pyrazolyl)amide, α
-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(]]'-tert-butyl-3'methyl~
5'-pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3,5,6-dolychloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1',4'-dimethyl-5'-pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3,5,6-dimethyl-5'-pyrazolyl)amide,
-Dolichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1'
-methyl-5'~pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3,5,
6-)lichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1
'~butyl-5'-pyrazolyl)amide, α-(3,5
,6-)dichloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(
Examples include 1'-methyl-3'-ethyl-5'-pyrazolyl)amide.

The method for producing the pyrazole compound represented by the general formula [1] of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any production method may be used. A particularly preferred manufacturing method is as follows.

A pyrazole derivative represented by the general formula (however, the definitions of R5, Rz and R:l are the same as general 2Nil) is reacted with a carboxylic acid halide represented by the general formula (however, X represents a halogen atom). By doing this, a pyrazole compound represented by the above general formula [■] is obtained.

The application concentration of the birasol compound represented by the above-mentioned general formula [1] of the present invention varies depending on the type and variety of the fruit and cannot be defined as one type, but it may generally be applied at an active ingredient concentration of 1 to 5000 ppm.

The other component of the fruit growth promoter of the present invention is gibberellin, which is known as a type of plant hormone, and when mixed with the birasol compound of the present invention and treated with the fruit, the fruit enlarges, which cannot be expected from the properties of each component alone. Shows synergy.

More than 60 types of gibberellins have been discovered to date, and they are named in the order of discovery: GA, GAt, GA, s... As an example of a typical gibberellin, the structure of gibberellin A, (GA,) is shown below.

The gibberellins used in the present invention may be any of these or may be a mixture thereof. Examples of particularly preferred gibberellins in the present invention include GA3°GA, GA, and these can be suitably used even as a mixture.

Although the application concentration of gibberellin used in the present invention cannot be defined as one type, it may generally be applied at an active ingredient concentration of 1 to 5,000 ppm, preferably 10 to 11,000 ppm.

The fruit growth promoter of the present invention can be used in a wide range of proportions of the pyrazole compound represented by the above general 2N] and gibberellin. The ratio of the two used is generally in the range of 0.01 to 50 parts by weight of gibberellin per 1 part by weight of the pyrazole compound. More preferably, by adding gibberellin to 1 part by weight of the pyrazole compound in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, the fruit enlargement effect will be excellent.

The fruit growth promoter of the present invention includes apples, pears, peaches, plums,
It is effective against apricots and the like, but apples are particularly preferred.

The fruit growth promoter of the present invention can be effective if applied between the early stages of flowering and the end of flowering, but if applied between the early stages of flowering and full bloom, it will synergize with the flower thinning action of the pyrazole compound represented by the general formula [■]. It is particularly preferable because it acts on
It shows high effectiveness even when treated between full bloom and 4 weeks after flowering. Furthermore, it has no drawbacks such as deterioration in fruit quality, and at the same time has extremely high safety for trees.

Naturally, the fruit growth promoter comprising a pyrazole compound and gibberellin of the present invention exhibits its effect when both compounds are present simultaneously. However, the mode of application of both compounds is not limited to the mode of applying an agent containing both, that is, the mode of simultaneous application. If provided, individual spraying and application may be performed at staggered spraying times. When applied individually, it is preferable to apply the pyrazole compound first and then the gibberellin in order to develop the flower thinning effect and then to enlarge the flowers. Gibberellins may be applied within 4 weeks, preferably within 2 weeks, after application of the pyrazole compound. If gibberellin is applied first, it may be pyrazolized and sprayed within two weeks (or may be mixed with a carrier and other adjuvants if necessary, formulated and sprayed. There are no particular restrictions on the formulation form. For example, it can be prepared and used in powders, granules, wettable powders, emulsions, granular wettable powders, flowable preparations, oil suspensions, etc.Pyrazole When spraying the compound and gibberellin separately, they are prepared in the same way.

When formulating the fruit growth promoter of the present invention, conventionally known solid carriers can be used without any limitations as suitable solid carriers. Examples of solid carriers preferably used in the present invention are as follows.For example, kaolinite group, montmorillonite group, attapulgite group, or di-
Clays represented by clay; talc, mica, phyllite, pumice, vermiculite, gypsum, calcium carbonate, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, magnesium, lime, phosphorous lime, zeolite, anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic calcium silicate, etc. Inorganic substances - vegetable organic substances such as soybean flour, tano flour, walnut flour, wheat flour, wood flour, starch, crystalline cellulose; chroman resin, petroleum resin, alkyd resin, polyvinyl chloride, polyalkylene glycol, ketone resin Synthetic or natural polymer compounds such as , ester gum, copal gum, and dammar gum; and onelass such as carbalow and beeswax, and urea.

Further, as the liquid carrier used in the present invention, conventionally known carriers can be used without any restriction. Examples of liquid carriers preferably used in the present invention are as follows. Paraffinic or naphthenic hydrocarbons such as kerosene, mineral oil, spindle oil, white oil; Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylhenzene, cumene, methylnaphthalene; carbon tetrachloride,
Chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, trichloroethylene, monochlorobenzene, and 0-chlorotoluene; Ethers such as dioxane and tetrahydrofuran; Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diisophthyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acetophenone, and isophorone:
Esters such as ethyl acetate, acetate amide, ethylene glycol acetate, diethylene glycol acetate, dibutyl maleate, diethyl succinate; methanol,
Examples include alcohols such as n-hexanol, ethylene glycol, and diethylene glycol; ether alcohols such as ethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, and diethylene glycol butyl ether; polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and water.

In addition, the formulation in the present invention includes emulsification, dispersion, wetting, mineral layer, binding, disintegration adjustment, active ingredient stabilization, fluidity improvement,
Conventionally known surfactants can be used without any restriction for purposes such as rust prevention. As the surfactant, nonionic, cationic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants are used, and nonionic and/or anionic surfactants are usually preferably used. Suitable nonionic surfactants include, for example, those obtained by polymerizing and adding ethylene oxide to higher alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and oleyl alcohol; those obtained by polymerizing and adding ethylene oxide to alkylphenols such as isooctylphenol and nonylphenol; Polymerization and addition of ethylene oxide to alkylphenols such as octylphenol and nonylphenol; Polymerization and addition of ethylene oxide to alkylnaphthols such as butylnaphthol and octylnaphthol; Polymerization and addition of ethylene oxide to higher fatty acids such as valmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid. mono- or dialkyl phosphoric acids such as stearic phosphoric acid and dilauryl phosphoric acid with ethylene oxide polymerized; ethylene oxide polymerized and added to amines such as dodecylamine and stearic acid amide; polyhydric substances such as sorbitan Examples include higher fatty acid esters of alcohols and those obtained by polymerizing and adding ethylene oxide; those obtained by polymerizing and adding ethylene oxide and propylene oxide; and esters of polyhydric fatty acids such as dioctyl succinate and alcohols. Suitable anionic surfactants include, for example, alkyl sulfate salts such as sodium lauryl sulfate and oleyl alcohol sulfate amine salt; alkyl sulfonate salts such as sodium sulfosuccinate dioctyl ester and sodium 2-ethylhexene sulfonate. ; phosphorus sulfonates such as sodium isopropylnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; phosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate; and the like.

Furthermore, in the formulation of the present invention, conventionally known adjuvants can be used without any restrictions. Examples of adjuvants suitably used in the present invention are as follows. Examples include polymeric compounds such as casein, gelatin, albumin, glue, sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.

The above-mentioned carriers, surfactants and adjuvants are suitable for the dosage form of the preparation,
They are used individually or in combination as appropriate depending on the purpose, taking into consideration the application situation.

The method for preparing the formulation in the present invention is not particularly limited, and conventionally known methods can be used.

For example, one specific method for preparing a hydrating agent is to dissolve a pyrazole compound and gibberellin in an organic solvent, add a surfactant and a carrier to the solution, pulverize and mix well, and then hydrate by removing the organic solvent. There is a way to obtain the drug. For example, one specific method for preparing an emulsion is to obtain an emulsion by thoroughly mixing 10 parts by weight of a pyrazole compound, 2 parts by weight of gibberellin, and 10 parts by weight of a surfactant in a petroleum solvent such as xylene.

The fruit growth promoter of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment in which the pyrazole compound and gibberellin are contained in the agent as described above, but also the embodiment in which both compounds are prepared as a single agent and the two are mixed before application. Included in the present invention.

〔effect〕

The above-described fruit growth promoter containing the pyrazole compound and gibberellin of the present invention as active ingredients exhibits an excellent fruit enlargement effect when used on fruits such as apples. That is,
As is clear from the examples described below, the fruit treated with a mixture of pyrazole compound and gibberellin showed a remarkable increase in horizontal fruit transfer compared to the untreated area, and the vertical growth observed in the area treated with gibberellin alone. It has extremely excellent properties, with no deterioration in quality such as lengthening of diameter or feces.

Therefore, the fruit growth promoter of the present invention containing a pyrazole compound and gibberellin as active ingredients fully satisfies the properties conventionally required as a fruit growth promoter, and is extremely useful.

〔Example〕

EXAMPLES In order to explain the present invention more specifically, Examples and Comparative Examples will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Synthesis example 1 5-amino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole 0.86g
(0,0077 Mole) of triethylamine 1.09 tag (0,007 Mole) to 1011 cod solution in chloroform
8IIIole) was added, and to this was added 2.14 g of 3.5.6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxyacetic acid chloride.
(0,0078 mole) of chloroform 20mj2
The solution was added dropwise. - After stirring overnight, the reaction solution was washed with water, and the chloroform layer was washed with anhydrous sodium sulfate. After chloroform was distilled off, the residue was recrystallized from chloroform-hexane to obtain 2.22 g of colorless solid. IR,
Direct H-N? As a result of each IR1MS measurement, the product is α-
It was confirmed to be (3,5,6-1-fuchloro-2-pyridyloxy)acetic acid-N-(1'3'-dimethyl-5'-pyrazolyl)amide.

Similarly, the pyrazole compound of the present invention shown below was synthesized.

In addition, compound numbers 1 to 8 are pyrazole compounds of the present invention, and compound numbers 9 and 10 are pyrazole compounds with similar structures for comparison.

Compound number Structural formula % Formula %) Using 12-year-old apples (variety: Fushi), treatment areas were set up for each branch, and 10% each of hydrating powders of pyrazole compound and gibrelin were applied on the day after the central hole bloomed and 25 days later. make use of,
A mixed diluted solution having the concentration shown in Table 1 was prepared and sprayed by hand. A 10% hydrating agent is prepared by pulverizing and mixing 10 parts by weight of a pyrazole compound or gibberellin, 2 parts by weight of boxoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, 40 parts by weight of fine clay, and 48 parts by weight of gicrite in a hammer mill. The following was used. The fruit enlargement effect was investigated by measuring the lateral transfer of each fruit 20 and 25 days after the treatment, and the results are shown in Table 1. For comparison, Table 1 also shows the results of similar treatments using gibberellin or a pyrazole compound alone, as well as a combination of a pyrazole compound of the present invention, a compound having a similar structure, and gibberellin.

In addition, regarding the quality of the fruit, deterioration in quality such as lengthening of the vertical diameter of the fruit or lengthening of the flower stool was observed, and the observation results were expressed in the following three stages.

Decrease in fruit quality :normal ±: Vertical diameter of fruit, flower diameter It becomes slightly longer.

+: The vertical diameter of the fruit, the flower stool is clear. becomes noticeably longer.

Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the diluted solutions of the biradur compound of the present invention and gibberellin were individually sprayed at the concentrations and times shown in Table 2. The results are also shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) General formula ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ (However, R_1 is an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R_2
and R_3 are the same or different hydrogen atoms, or have 1 carbon number
~4 alkyl group is shown. A fruit growth promoter containing a pyrazole compound represented by ) and gibberellin as active ingredients. (2) General formula ▲ There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ (However, R_1 is an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R_2
and R_3 are the same or different hydrogen atoms, or have 1 carbon number
~4 alkyl group is shown. ) A method for promoting fruit growth, characterized in that a pyrazole compound represented by the following formula and gibberellin are applied simultaneously or separately at the time of flowering so as to coexist.