JPH04161994A - Musical sound generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a musical tone generating device that enables musical tone generation using different types of sound source systems.

[Prior Art] Various sound source systems have been proposed in the past to generate musical tones, but it is common for electronic musical instruments to be equipped with a musical sound generating device using a single sound source system. there were.

[Problem to be solved by the invention C] However, with each sound source method, there is a limit to the musical tones that can be generated independently, and in particular, when trying to faithfully reproduce musical tones such as a piano, the tonal range and the speed of key pressing are limited. Sa (velocity)
Since the tone color must be changed depending on the method, the amount of parameters that must be stored increases and a large capacity memory is required.

The problem of the present invention is to combine a sound source method based on waveform readout and a sound source method based on nonlinear synthesis calculation, and to determine which sound source method is used to generate a specified musical tone based on the pitch and velocity of the played sound. The purpose is to make it possible to determine it by selecting a tone color or the like.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention includes a first waveform generating means that reads and generates a pre-stored waveform signal corresponding to input pitch information. The means is an RO that stores waveform signals in advance.
For example, PCM method, D
This is a sound source circuit based on the PCM method or ADPCM method.

Next, the second waveform generating means generates a waveform signal corresponding to pitch information by executing a nonlinear synthesis operation according to a predetermined algorithm. The means is a sound source circuit that generates a waveform using a modulation method such as an FM method or a phase modulation method.

These first and second waveform generating means can be configured to be assigned to one of a plurality of sound generation channels through time-division processing, respectively, and to generate each waveform signal at the timing of the assigned sound generation channel.

Further, control is performed to selectively operate the first or second waveform generating means to generate a waveform signal according to at least two of input performance information such as pitch information, velocity information, or timbre information. have the means. The control means also controls the pitch information and velocity information input as performance information according to the combination of data ranges, such as pitch range 03 to B5 and velocity range 42 to 84. , the first or second waveform generating means can be selectively operated to generate a waveform signal. In addition, the control means is configured to selectively operate the first or second waveform generation means to generate a waveform signal according to each data range of pitch information, velocity information, and timbre information input as performance information. It can also be configured.

As described above, the control means operates according to at least two of the input performance information such as pitch information, velocity information, and timbre information, or a combination of each data range of pitch information and velocity information, or The first or second waveform generating means is selectively operated according to the combination of each data range of high information, velocity information, and timbre information. In this case, the control means controls each sound generation channel to The waveform generation means can be selectively assigned to generate a waveform signal.

In addition, this control means simultaneously assigns either or both of the first and second waveform generation means to each two sound generation channels in accordance with at least two input performance information, and detunes the pitch between the two channels. It may also be configured to do so.

1 Effect] According to the present invention, the control means controls the pitch, herocity,
Based on the combination of performance information such as
A sound source (first waveform generation means) based on a waveform readout method such as the CM method and a sound # (second waveform generation means) based on a modulation method can be selected and assigned to each sound generation channel.

Moreover, the control means can selectively operate the first or second waveform generation means according to the combination of each data range of the performance information and assign it to each sound generation channel, so that each data range can be assigned to each sound generation channel during or before performance. By appropriately setting the range, the combination of the sound sources can be changed freely.

〔Example〕

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an electronic keyboard instrument will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Zenfuji Seitatsu FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, the keyboard section 103 is scanned by the CPU 102, and the CPU 102 obtains the key code KC and velocity information VL representing the pitch information of the pressed or released key based on the scan result.

Next, the CPU 102 outputs 2-bit sound source system selection information SE for selecting two different sound source systems based on the key code KC and velocity information VL obtained by key scanning.

At the same time, CPU 1.02 has key code KC
Frequency information F of the pressed key based on the key pressed, and frequency information F+ of the detune having a slight pitch difference from the pitch of the pressed key.
Output D. Here, D is the detune data and the CPU
102 based on frequency information F.

Next, the MSB (most significant bit) and LSB (least significant bit) of the 2-bit data of the sound source system selection information SH are alternately input to the SE shift register 104, and frequency information F and detune frequency information F+D are input to the SE shift register 104. are respectively input to the F shift register 105 in that order.

The above-mentioned SE shift register 104 and F shift register 105 each consist of 8 stages that are sequentially shifted by the same clock Φ, and the 8 stages are 1
Data for 8 sound generation channels that goes around the sampling period are sequentially captured. In this case, data in the same stage of both shift registers 104 and 105 at the same timing of the clock Φ correspond to each other. For example, SE
The MSB of the second stage of shift register 104 is
This corresponds to the frequency information F set second in the F shift register 105.

Although there are eight sound generation channels in this embodiment, since detuned musical tone signals are generated simultaneously, the number of keys that can be sounded simultaneously is four.

After that, the frequency information F output from the F shift register 105 and the detune frequency information F+D are combined with the sound source system selection information S output from the SE shift register 104.
Based on E (depending on the function of the gate circuit 106, either the FM sound source unit 107 or the PCM sound source unit 108 is assigned).

This FM sound source unit 107 and PCM sound source unit 10
8 will be described in detail later, the musical tone signals generated by the rain sound source unit are added together in an adder 109, and the sum of the added values for one sampling period (eight sounding channels) is After being carried out in circuit 110, D/A converter 1
11, the signal is converted into an analog musical tone signal, and a musical tone is generated from a sound system 112.

Next, the sound source system selection operation based on the sound source system selection information SE, which is a major feature of this embodiment, will be explained.

FIGS. 2(a) and (b) are sound source system selection tables, which are stored in a memory (not shown) in the CPU 02. It is possible to change the range of performance data as appropriate. The switch section 101 shows the piano tone in (a) and the flute-like tone in (b).
This is the case when the tone color switch is selected.

These selection tables provide sound source system selection information S using velocity information VL and key code KC representing pitch.
Indicates that the value of E is determined.

The MSB of this sound source method selection information SH is frequency information F.
In addition, LSB represents the sound source system assigned to the detuned frequency information F+d, where a logical value of 0 represents a PCM sound source system, and a logical value of 1 represents an FM sound source system. For example, in FIG. 2(a), the velocity information VL is 42.
~84, the range corresponding to key code KC is C3 to B5
In this case, the sound source system selection information SE becomes "01pa," and the PCM sound source is assigned to the frequency information F, and the FM sound source is assigned to the detuned frequency information F+d.

In addition, when n = 0.1, 2.3, frequency information F
is 2n (= 0.2.4.6) of even numbered pronunciation channels
channel, and the detuned frequency information F+d is applied to 2n+1 (=1.2, 3.5) channels of odd-numbered channels.
Each selected sound source is assigned.

Next, in Figure 2(b), the lowest range C2 (6
5.4Hz) ~ B2 has a PCM that realistically reproduces the actual sound of a huge flute-type pipe in a pipe organ, for example.
As for the sound source, an FM sound source that requires a relatively small memory capacity is assigned to C3 to B5 in the middle range.

Furthermore, Figures 3(a) and (b) represent the sound source system selection table in Figures 2(a) and (b) in a different form.For example, in the case of a piano tone (Figure 3(a) ) and flute-like tone (Fig.
It can be seen that the PCM sound source system is selected for C3) and the high range (C6 to C1).

Next, the sound source selection operation based on the selection information SE explained above will be explained using the timing diagram of FIG. 4.

FIG. 4 shows a case where a piano tone is selected as tone color information Tb, velocity information VL is 60, and three keys, C6#, E4, and G2, are pressed. The channel name at the top represents the sound generation channel that shifts the stage of the SE shift register 104 or the F shift register 105 every time the basic taro clock Φ is input.

In the same figure, the output of the F shift register in (a) represents the frequency information F of the above three tones assigned to the even numbered sound generation channel, and the detuned frequency information F+D of the above three sounds assigned to the odd numbered sound generation channel. For example, E
4' represents frequency information F+D of detuning of the E4 tone having frequency information F.

The lower part (b) of the same figure represents the selection information SE output from the SE shift register. For example, the E4 sound and E4' sound assigned to the adjacent channels 6 and 5 are based on the PCM sound source system shown in FIG. and F
M sound source method is selected.

In addition, in FIG. 4, among the pronunciation channels 0 to 7,
The data corresponding to channels 1 and 2 is not shown because one of the four keys that can be sounded simultaneously is not pressed.

Next, the PCM sound source unit 107, FM
The sound source unit 108 and the 7M sound source unit will be explained in order.

PCM source unit FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the PCM sound source unit.

In the figure, frequency information F and detune frequency information F+D corresponding to the respective pitches of the four pressed keys A, B, and C1D are input to a shift register 502 via an adder 501. At this time, as shown in the figure, the frequency information F is applied to even channels, and the detuned frequency information F
+D is set to odd channels. Then adder 5
01 and a shift register 502, and an address signal having a sidewalk width corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key is obtained. The waveform ROM 504 is read out using the address signal, and a musical tone signal is obtained.

In this case, the address control unit 503 sets the start address for starting sound generation, the end address and loop address necessary for loop processing, etc., according to instructions from CPU102 (first time), and Compare current addresses, etc. In addition, waveform data corresponding to tone information Tb such as piano or flute is stored in the waveform ROM 50.
The address control unit 503 sets a block address for reading out the block corresponding to the tone color information Tb.

After that, the waveform ROM 5 is used to represent the volume change caused by the performance.
A multiplier 505 multiplies the musical tone signal read from 04 by velocity volume information VLO based on velocity information VL.

The value of this velocity volume information Vl, 0 changes every two pulses of the basic taro clock Φ, but this is due to the musical tone corresponding to the frequency information F set in the adjacent sound generation channel and the detune frequency information F+D. This is to equalize the amplitudes of the musical tones corresponding to the .

Figure 6 above shows FM modulation using nonlinear synthesis calculations.
3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a sound source unit 107. FIG.

In the figure, frequency information F of a pressed key and frequency information F of a detune having a slight frequency difference from the pressed key are shown.
+D is sent to the CPU 102 according to the key code KC of the key.
This corresponds to the carrier wave angular velocity ωC in the FM sound source. The FM sound source unit 107 uses this carrier wave angular velocity ω.

, the modulation angular velocity ω4, and the modulation depth function 1 (t) to create an FM modulated wave sin (ω, , +I(t) sin ω, t).

Carrier wave angular velocity ω. is an adder 607 and a shift register 60
8, it is converted into a time-varying carrier phase angle ω, t. In this case, the carry is ignored, resulting in a constant repetition signal, which outputs a modulated musical tone signal that is repeated at a constant cycle.

On the other hand, the carrier wave angular velocity ω. is a constant in the multiplier 601,
/ω. The modulated angular velocity ω□ is obtained. This modulated angular velocity ω□ is converted into a modulated wave phase angle ωi that changes over time by an accumulator consisting of an adder 602 and a shift register 603, as in the case of the carrier wave angular velocity ωC described above. Thereafter, a sine function waveform sinω1 having a phase angle of ω1 is read out from the sine wave table ROM 604 based on this modulated wave phase angle ω deviation. Also, depending on the tone information Tb from the tone switch of the switch section 101,
The modulation depth function 1(t) selected from the modulation depth table ROM 605 is read out according to the carrier phase angle ω. Note that this modulation depth function I(t) does not necessarily have to be a function of time.

Next, in multiplier 606, sine wave table RO
The output of M604 is multiplied by the modulation depth function I(t) to obtain a modulated wave signal 1(t) sin ωml.

After that, this modulation signal 1(t) sin ω,, lt and the carrier wave phase angle ωcl obtained from the shift register 608 are added in an adder 609, and the added phase angle data of ωct+I(t) sin ωmt is obtained. It will be done.

Thereafter, the sine wave table ROM 610 is read out using this added phase angle data, and the table ROM 610
The FM modulated wave sin (ω, t+I(t) sin ωg) is obtained from .

Thereafter, a multiplier 612 multiplies the envelope value outputted from the enherobe generator 611 controlled by the timbre information Tb and the carrier phase angle ωct by the above-mentioned FM modulated wave. Thereafter, the multiplier 613 multiplies the multiplied value by velocity volume information VLO based on the velocity information VL in order to represent the volume change due to the performance operation.

Note that the value of this velocity volume information VLO changes every two basic clocks Φ, but as mentioned above, this is due to the frequency information F set for the adjacent sound generation channel.
This is to make the amplitudes of the musical tone corresponding to the detuned frequency information F+D equal to that of the musical tone corresponding to the detuned frequency information F+D.

As described above, in this embodiment, P
Although the CM sound source unit and the FMM source unit have been described as examples, a TMM source unit as described below may be used instead of the above-mentioned FM sound source unit.

This sound source configuration is based on patent application No. 1-341774 filed by the applicant.
As shown in the circuit diagram of FIG.
This is a sound source of a modulation type based on a nonlinear synthesis calculation using a table ROM or another waveform table ROM to be described later, and is called a TMM source unit in this embodiment.

In FIG. 7, the CPU 102 (the first
This is the carrier wave angular velocity ω of this method.

corresponds to This carrier wave angular velocity ωC is converted into a carrier wave phase angle ω by an accumulator consisting of an adder 707 and a shift register 708.

is converted to At this time, the carry is ignored, resulting in a constant repetition signal, and thereby a modulated musical tone signal that is repeated at a constant cycle is output.

Next, using this carrier wave phase angle ω3 as an address signal, the carrier wave table ROM 709 storing a waveform as shown in FIG. 8A is read out to obtain a carrier signal Wc.

The waveform shown in A is a waveform in which 1/4 period sine waves are connected.

Next, using this carrier signal Wc as an address signal, the waveform table ROM 712 storing waveforms defined as triangular wave functions as shown in B in the same figure is read out, and a single sign as shown in C in the same figure is read out. You get waves. The frequency corresponds to the key code KC of the pressed key.

Above, the modulation input is
In the case where is O, the carrier wave table ROM 709 and
The combination of waveforms to be stored in the waveform table ROM 712 is not limited to the waveforms shown in FIG. 8; for example, the combinations of waveforms shown in FIGS. However, if there is no modulation input, the output of waveform table ROM 712 will be a single sine wave.

Next, returning to FIG. 7, the conveyance angular velocity ω. is the multiplier 701
, the constant is multiplied by ω1/ωC, and the modulation angular velocity ω
, is obtained. This modulation angular velocity ω.

is the adder 70 as in the case of the carrier wave angular velocity ωC described above.
2 and a shift register 703, the modulated wave phase angle ω1 is converted into a modulated wave phase angle ω1. Thereafter, a sine function sinω1 having a phase angle of ω is read from the sine wave table ROM 704 using this modulated wave phase angle ωmt. Furthermore, the modulation depth table RO
The modulation depth function I (t) selected from M705 is read out with the carrier phase angle ω. Note that this modulation depth function 1 (t) is not necessarily (or may be) a function of time.

Next, in multiplier 706, sine wave table RO
The output of M604 is multiplied by the modulation depth function 1(t,),
A modulated signal Wm = I(t) sin ω,t is obtained.

After this, this modulated signal W1 and the carrier wave W described above.

are added in adder 711.

After this, the waveform table R is created using the added values W and +Wc.
The OM712 is read and a modulated wave output having a waveform corresponding to the modulated input waveform is obtained.

Note that the waveform table ROM as shown in FIG.
712 and set the value of the modulation depth function 1(t) to a value other than O, it is possible to obtain a waveform output rich in high-order overtones.

Now, the output of the waveform table ROM 712 is then an envelope signal output from the envelope generator 710 based on the timbre information Tb and the carrier phase angle ωct.
Multiplyed in multiplier 713. Then, in order to represent the volume change due to the performance, the multiplier 714 multiplies the velocity volume information VLO based on the velocity information VL by the multiplication (+!4) in the multiplier 713.

Note that this velocity volume information VLO changes its value every two basic clocks Φ, or as mentioned above, this is due to the frequency information F set to the adjacent sound generation channel.
This is to make the amplitudes of the musical tones corresponding to 4 and the musical tones corresponding to the detuned frequency information F1 equal.

Next, the specific operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be explained using the operation flowchart shown in FIG. 10.

This operation flowchart shows the operation realized by the CPU IO 2 of FIG. 1 executing a program stored in an internal ROM (not shown).

In FIG. 10, the operation flow starts when the power is turned on. Next, it is checked (Sl) whether or not there has been a change in the state of the timbre switch of the switch unit 101 (FIG. 1), and if a change has occurred, the timbre information Tb is updated. If no change has occurred, proceed to the next step S.
Proceed to step 3.

Next, it is checked whether or not a change has occurred in the keyboard section 103 (S3), and if no change has occurred, other processing is performed (S4), and the process proceeds to the next step 512.

If a change has occurred, the key is checked three times to see if it is on (depressed) or not (S5). If the key is not on, it means that a key release operation has been performed, and in this case, The sound source system selection information SE, frequency information F, detune frequency information F+D, and velocity volume information VLO of the channel to which the released key was assigned are cleared (56).

If the key is turned on, then it is checked whether there is an empty channel (S7).

If there is a vacant channel, an adjacent sound generation channel corresponding to frequency information F and detuned frequency information F+D is assigned to it (S8).

Next, the velocity I/bell VL is converted into velocity volume information VLO based on the conversion characteristics shown in FIG. 11 (S9). Conversion tables corresponding to conversion characteristics such as a, b, and c in FIG. 11 are provided in the CPU 102, and can be selected by a selection switch (not shown) in the switch section 101 depending on the type of musical instrument to be played or the song style. be done.

Next, the converted velocity volume information VLO is assigned to each corresponding sound generation channel (510).
.

After the above processing is completed, as shown in FIG. 2, the sound source system selection information SE is assigned to the channel corresponding to the musical tone being played, based on the tone color information Tb, key code KC, and velocity information VL ( 511).

After that, it is checked whether the power is turned off (
512) If it is not turned off, the process returns to step S1 and the above-described process is repeated. Further, if it is turned off, the process ends.

Blood Ω implementation±Ω Any combination of readout method and modulation method may be used. For example, in addition to the PCM method, a DPCM method, an ADPCM method, etc. can be used. Further, in addition to the FM method or the TM method, various modulation methods such as a PD (phase modulation) method can be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a sound source using a waveform readout method such as a PCM method and a sound source using a modulation method are selected based on a combination of performance information such as pitch information, velocity information, and timbre information based on predetermined selection criteria. Can be automatically selected and assigned to each sound channel.

For this reason, for example, a PCM sound source is assigned to the attack section of a piano that has percussive noise, and a modulation method sound source is assigned to the decay section where higher-order partials gradually decrease, which is impossible with a single method sound source. It is possible to synthesize realistic musical tones.

In addition, by appropriately setting each data range of the performance information that serves as the selection criteria during or before performance, the combination of sound sources can be changed, and the timbre of the musical tone can be adjusted according to the song idea or the performer's preference. You can choose.

In addition, one sound generation operation, for example, one key press, can produce two detuned notes, and one or both of the above two sound sources can be assigned to each sound generation channel at the same time, which is an advantage over single sound sources. You can get a rich tone that you won't be able to get.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (a
), (b) are diagrams showing a sound source system selection table; Figures 3 (a) and (b) are diagrams explaining selection of sound source system based on pitch and velocity; Figures 4 (a), ( b) and (C) are timing diagrams of the sound source selection operation, Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of the PCM sound source unit, Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of the FM sound source unit, and Figure 7 is the circuit diagram of the 7M sound source unit. The circuit configuration diagram, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the musical tone generator using the 7M tone generator unit when no modulation is performed, and FIGS. 9(a) to (d) show the carrier signal W6 stored in the carrier wave table ROM and the waveform. Figures showing other waveforms stored in place of the triangular wave in the table ROM, Figure 10 is an operation flowchart of this embodiment, and Figure 11 is a conversion characteristic diagram when velocity information is converted to herocity volume information. . 101... Switch section, 102... CPU, 103... Keyboard section, 104... SE shift register, 105... F shift register, 106... Gate circuit, 107... FM sound source unit , 108... PCM sound source unit, 109... Adder, 110... Accumulator circuit, 111... D/A converter, 112... Sound system. Patent applicant Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Tone/Piaba Tb=1) n=O,I, 2.3 (G) B color full-lrf (Tb=7) ch2n ch2n+I n=0.1, 2.3 (b) L'fy is also table and water diagram 2nd tone, piano (Tb:l) Pitch and velocity (-3 matrix 10,000 formula. 3rd figure tone,) I ray F tatsu (Tb =7)'s 'MoυsoΣLocation p Month 1 Roshiro Diagram LO Herocity 猜茔4be0shir4shin+猜91

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A first waveform generating means that reads and generates a pre-stored waveform signal in accordance with input pitch information, and executes a nonlinear synthesis operation according to a predetermined algorithm. The second waveform generating means generates a waveform signal corresponding to the pitch information, and the first or second waveform generating means is selectively operated according to at least two pieces of input performance information to generate a waveform signal. A musical tone generating device comprising: a control means for generating. 2) the control means selectively operates the first or second waveform generation means to generate a waveform signal according to a combination of data ranges of pitch information and velocity information input as the performance information; Claim 1 characterized in that
The musical tone generator described above. 3) The control means generates a waveform signal by selectively operating the first or second waveform generation means according to a combination of data ranges of pitch information, velocity information, and timbre information input as the performance information. The musical tone generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4) The first and second waveform generating means each include:
Each waveform signal is assigned to one of a plurality of sound generation channels through time-division processing, and generates each waveform signal at the timing of the assigned sound generation channel, and the control means controls each of the sound generation channels according to the input at least two pieces of performance information. 2. The musical tone generating device according to claim 1, wherein the first or second waveform generating means is selectively assigned to generate the waveform signal. 5) The control means selectively assigns the first or second waveform generation means to each of the sound generation channels according to a combination of data ranges of pitch information and velocity information input as the performance information, and generates the waveform. The musical tone generating device according to claim 4, wherein the musical tone generating device generates a signal. 6) The control means may cause each of the sound generation channels to receive the first or second sound according to a combination of data ranges of pitch information, velocity information, and timbre information that are input as the performance information.
5. The musical tone generating device according to claim 4, wherein said waveform signal is generated by selectively assigning said waveform generating means. 7) The control means simultaneously allocates either one or both of the first and second waveform generation means to two of the sound generation channels in accordance with the input at least two pieces of performance information, and generates a signal between the two channels. The musical tone generating device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the musical tone generating device detunes the pitch.