JPH04162018A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04162018A JPH04162018A JP2287045A JP28704590A JPH04162018A JP H04162018 A JPH04162018 A JP H04162018A JP 2287045 A JP2287045 A JP 2287045A JP 28704590 A JP28704590 A JP 28704590A JP H04162018 A JPH04162018 A JP H04162018A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- polarizing plate
- refractive index
- crystal cell
- anisotropy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は液晶表示装置に係わり、特に偏光を用いて表示
を行う液晶表示装置において、広視角を実現するのに好
適な液晶表示装置の手段に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and particularly to a liquid crystal display device that uses polarized light to display images, and provides means for a liquid crystal display device suitable for realizing a wide viewing angle. It is related to.
［従来の技術］
偏光を用いて表示を行う液晶表示装置の構成は、一対の
透明電極を備えたガラス基板等の間に液晶層を挟持した
液晶セルと、液晶セルを挾む一対の偏光板から構成され
、特に視角を広げる手段はなかった。最近、電子情報通
信学会８９，４２１゜３５ （１，９９０）で電圧無印
加の状態で黒表示を行うＴＮモードの液晶表示装置にお
いて、屈折率異方性を有するフィルムを用いて視角を広
げる方法が報告されている。この方法は、屈折率異方性
を有するフィルムを用いて偏光板の視角特性を改善し、
主に黒表示の視角を広げる方法である。従って、フィル
ムの屈折率の特性は液晶の屈折率の特性にほとんど依存
しない。ところが、電圧無印加の状態で白表示を行うＴ
Ｎモードでは黒表示時に電圧か印加されており、黒表示
の視角特性は液晶の屈折率の特性に強く依存する。従っ
て、電圧無印加の状態で白表示を行うＴＮモードでは、
液晶の屈折率の特性に合わしてフィルムを最適化する必
要かある。[Prior Art] The structure of a liquid crystal display device that performs display using polarized light is a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between glass substrates or the like having a pair of transparent electrodes, and a pair of polarizing plates that sandwich the liquid crystal cell. There was no particular means to widen the viewing angle. Recently, the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers 89,421゜35 (1,990) has proposed a method for widening the viewing angle using a film with refractive index anisotropy in a TN mode liquid crystal display device that displays black when no voltage is applied. has been reported. This method uses a film with refractive index anisotropy to improve the viewing angle characteristics of a polarizing plate,
This method is mainly used to widen the viewing angle of black display. Therefore, the refractive index characteristics of the film hardly depend on the refractive index characteristics of the liquid crystal. However, T that displays white when no voltage is applied
In the N mode, a voltage is applied during black display, and the viewing angle characteristics of black display strongly depend on the refractive index characteristics of the liquid crystal. Therefore, in TN mode where white display is performed with no voltage applied,
Is it necessary to optimize the film to match the refractive index characteristics of the liquid crystal?
上記従来技術では、液晶の屈折率の特性を考慮せず、偏
光板の視角を広げる方法であるため、電圧無印加の状態
で白表示を行うＴ Ｎモードの視角が広がるとは限らな
い。In the above-mentioned conventional technology, the viewing angle of the polarizing plate is widened without taking into account the refractive index characteristics of the liquid crystal, so the viewing angle in the TN mode, which displays white with no voltage applied, is not necessarily widened.
本発明は、液晶の屈折率の特性に対して、最適なフィル
ムの条件を規定することによって、電圧無印加の状態で
白表示を行うＴＮモードで視角の広い液晶表示装置を提
供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle in TN mode that displays white in the absence of voltage application by defining optimal film conditions for the refractive index characteristics of liquid crystal. .
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記の目的は、液晶セルと偏光板の間に屈折率異方性を
有するフィルムを設け、フィルムの屈折率を液晶の屈折
率に対して、特定することによって達成される。[Means for solving the problem] The above object is achieved by providing a film having refractive index anisotropy between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate, and specifying the refractive index of the film with respect to the refractive index of the liquid crystal. Ru.
［作用１
液晶セルで生じる視角特性は、複屈折性を有するフィル
ムで補償され、全体の視角は広くなる。[Effect 1] The viewing angle characteristics occurring in the liquid crystal cell are compensated by a film having birefringence, and the overall viewing angle becomes wider.
［実施例］
本発明の第１の実施例について説明する。その構成は第
１図に斜視図で示すように、液晶セルｌＯ１下側偏光板
２】、上側偏光板２２、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０
の間にあり、下側偏光板２１に接する一軸異方性フイル
ム３１、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０の間にあり、液
晶セル１０に接する一軸異方性フイルム３２、上側偏光
板２２と液晶セル１０の間にあり、上側偏光板２２に接
する一軸異方性フイルム３３、」二側偏光板２２と液晶
セル１０の間にあり、液晶セル１０に接する一軸異方性
フイルム３４からなる。液晶セル１０は液晶に電圧を印
加するための透明電極を有する２枚の透明基板の間に液
晶を挿入したものである。下側偏光板２Ｉと上側偏光板
２２の吸収軸は互いに直交し、液晶セル１０の下側基板
のラビング軸は下側偏光板２１の吸収軸と平行であり、
上側基板のラビング方向は上側偏光板２２の吸収軸と平
行である。一軸異方性フイルム３１，３２，３３．３４
は同一の材料であり、屈折率異方性は正で、その光学軸
はフィルムの面に平行である。フィルム３１゜３２の光
学軸は互いに直交し、フィルム３Ｊの光学軸は下側偏光
板２１の吸収軸と平行である。さらに、フィルム３３．
３４の光学軸は互いに直交し、フィルム３３の光学軸は
上側偏光板の吸収軸と平行である。第２図に視角か最も
広くなるときの液晶セルの透明電極間に印加される電圧
と液晶の常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積
（△ｎ ｄ ） ＬＣ、フィルムの常屈折率、異常屈折
率の差と厚さの積（△ｎ、ｄ）Ｆの関係を示す。斜線で
示した印加電圧の低い領域では正面から見て十分な黒表
示が得られない。従って、（Ａｎｄ）ｒ／（Δｎ ｄ）
ＬＣ＝０．２５−０．５で視角の゛広い液晶表示装置が
実現できる。[Example] A first example of the present invention will be described. As shown in the perspective view in FIG.
A uniaxial anisotropic film 31 located between and in contact with the lower polarizing plate 21, a uniaxial anisotropic film 32 located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the liquid crystal cell 10, and an upper polarizing plate 22. A uniaxial anisotropic film 33 is located between the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the upper polarizing plate 22, and a uniaxial anisotropic film 34 is located between the second polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the liquid crystal cell 10. The liquid crystal cell 10 has a liquid crystal inserted between two transparent substrates having transparent electrodes for applying voltage to the liquid crystal. The absorption axes of the lower polarizing plate 2I and the upper polarizing plate 22 are orthogonal to each other, and the rubbing axis of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 10 is parallel to the absorption axis of the lower polarizing plate 21,
The rubbing direction of the upper substrate is parallel to the absorption axis of the upper polarizing plate 22. Uniaxial anisotropic film 31, 32, 33.34
are the same material, the refractive index anisotropy is positive, and the optical axis is parallel to the plane of the film. The optical axes of the films 31 and 32 are orthogonal to each other, and the optical axis of the film 3J is parallel to the absorption axis of the lower polarizing plate 21. Furthermore, film 33.
The optical axes of the film 34 are orthogonal to each other, and the optical axis of the film 33 is parallel to the absorption axis of the upper polarizer. Figure 2 shows the product of the voltage applied between the transparent electrodes of the liquid crystal cell when the viewing angle is widest, the difference between the ordinary and extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer (△nd) LC, film The relationship between the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index and the thickness (Δn, d)F is shown. In the shaded area where the applied voltage is low, a sufficient black display cannot be obtained when viewed from the front. Therefore, (And)r/(Δn d)
With LC=0.25-0.5, a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle can be realized.
本発明の第２の実施例について説明する。その構成は第
３図に斜視図で示すように、液晶セル１．０、複合部材
５０からなる。複合部材５０は第４図に示すように偏光
板２０、偏光板２０の上に積層した一軸異方性フイルム
３７、−・軸異方性フィルム３７の上に積層した一軸異
方性フイルム３８からなる。フィルム３７．３８は同一
の材料であり、屈折率異方性は正で、その光学軸はフィ
ルムの面に平行である。偏光板２０の吸収軸７０とフィ
ルム３７の光学軸８７は平行であり、偏光板２０の吸収
軸７０とフィルム３８の光学軸８８は直交する。第３図
において、双方の複合部材４を互いの偏光板２０の吸収
軸７０が直交するように設置すれば、液晶セル１０と１
種類の複合部材５０を用いて第１の実施例の構成が実現
できる。本手段を用いることによって生産性の高い広視
角液晶表示装置が実現できる。A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Its structure consists of a liquid crystal cell 1.0 and a composite member 50, as shown in a perspective view in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the composite member 50 is made up of a polarizing plate 20, a uniaxially anisotropic film 37 laminated on the polarizing plate 20, and a uniaxially anisotropic film 38 laminated on the axially anisotropic film 37. Become. Films 37, 38 are of the same material, have positive index anisotropy, and have their optical axes parallel to the plane of the film. The absorption axis 70 of the polarizing plate 20 and the optical axis 87 of the film 37 are parallel, and the absorption axis 70 of the polarizing plate 20 and the optical axis 88 of the film 38 are perpendicular to each other. In FIG. 3, if both composite members 4 are installed so that the absorption axes 70 of their polarizing plates 20 are orthogonal to each other, the liquid crystal cell 10 and the
The structure of the first embodiment can be realized by using the composite member 50 of various types. By using this means, a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device with high productivity can be realized.
本発明の第３の実施例について説明する。その構成は第
５図に斜視図で示すように、液晶セル１０、下側偏光板
２１．上側偏光板２２、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０
の間にあり、下側偏光板２〕に接する一軸異方性フイル
ム３１、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０の間にあり、液
晶セル１．０に接する一軸異方性フイルム３２からなる
。液晶セル１０は液晶に電圧を印加するための透明電極
を有する２枚の透明基板の間に液晶を挿入したものであ
る。A third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in a perspective view in FIG. 5, its structure includes a liquid crystal cell 10, a lower polarizing plate 21. Upper polarizing plate 22, lower polarizing plate 21 and liquid crystal cell 10
A uniaxial anisotropic film 31 is located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and in contact with the lower polarizing plate 2, and a uniaxial anisotropic film 32 is located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the liquid crystal cell 1.0. The liquid crystal cell 10 has a liquid crystal inserted between two transparent substrates having transparent electrodes for applying voltage to the liquid crystal.
下側偏光板２１と上側偏光板２２の吸収軸は互いに直交
し、液晶セル１０の下側基板のラビング軸は下側偏光板
２１の吸収軸と平行であり、上側基板のラビング方向は
上側偏光板２２の吸収軸と平行である。一軸異方性フイ
ルム３１．．３２は同一の材料であり、屈折率異方性は
正で、その光学軸はフィルムの面に平行である。フィル
ム３１．３２の光学軸は互いに直交し、フィルム３１の
光学軸は下側偏光板２１の吸収軸と平行である。第６図
に視角が最も広くなるときの液晶セルの透明電極間に印
加される電圧と液晶の常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と液晶
層の厚さの積（Ａｎｄ） ＬＣ、フィルムの常屈折率、
異常屈折率の差と厚さの積（Ａｎｄ）Ｆの関係を示す。The absorption axes of the lower polarizing plate 21 and the upper polarizing plate 22 are orthogonal to each other, the rubbing axis of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 10 is parallel to the absorption axis of the lower polarizing plate 21, and the rubbing direction of the upper substrate is parallel to the upper polarizing plate. It is parallel to the absorption axis of the plate 22. Uniaxial anisotropic film 31. ．． 32 are the same material, the refractive index anisotropy is positive, and the optical axis is parallel to the plane of the film. The optical axes of the films 31 and 32 are orthogonal to each other, and the optical axis of the film 31 is parallel to the absorption axis of the lower polarizer 21. Figure 6 shows the product (And) of the voltage applied between the transparent electrodes of the liquid crystal cell when the viewing angle is widest, the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. refractive index,
The relationship between the product (And)F of the difference in the extraordinary refractive index and the thickness is shown.
斜線で示した印加電圧の低い領域では正面から見て十分
な黒表示か得られない。従って、（Ａｎｄ）Ｆ／（Ａｎ
ｄ）ｔ、ｃ＝０．５〜ｌ、０で視角の広い液晶表示装置
が実現できる。In the shaded area where the applied voltage is low, a sufficient black display cannot be obtained when viewed from the front. Therefore, (And)F/(An
d) When t,c=0.5 to l,0, a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle can be realized.
本発明の第４の実施例について説明する。その構成は第
７図に斜視図で示すように、液晶セル１０、下側偏光板
２１、上側偏光板２２、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０
の間にあり、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０に接する一
軸異方性フイルム３５、上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０
の間にあり、上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０に接する一
軸異方性フイルム３６からなる。液晶セルは液晶に電圧
を印加するための透明電極を有する２枚の透明基板の間
に液晶を挿入したものである。下側偏光板２１と上側偏
光板２２の吸収軸は互いに直交し、液晶セル１０の下側
基板のラビング軸は下側偏光板２１の吸収軸と平行であ
り、上側基板のラビング方向は上側偏光板２２の吸収軸
と平行である。一軸異方性フイルム３５．３６は同一の
材料であり、屈折率異方性は負で、その光学軸はフィル
ムの面に垂直である。第８図に視角が最も広くなるとき
の液晶セルの透明電極間に印加される電圧と液晶の常屈
折率、異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積（Δｎ ｄ、
） ＬＣ、フィルムの常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と厚
さの積（Ａｎｄ）Ｆの関係を示す。斜線で示した印加電
圧の低い領域では正面から見て十分な黒表示が得られな
い。従って、（△ｎｃｌ）Ｆ／（△ｎ ｄ） ＬＣ＝０
．３５〜０．５で視角の広イ液晶表示装置が実現できる
。A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in a perspective view in FIG. 7, its configuration includes a liquid crystal cell 10, a lower polarizing plate 21, an upper polarizing plate 22, a lower polarizing plate 21, and a liquid crystal cell 10.
A uniaxial anisotropic film 35 located between and in contact with the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10, and the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10.
It consists of a uniaxial anisotropic film 36 located between the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10. A liquid crystal cell has a liquid crystal inserted between two transparent substrates having transparent electrodes for applying voltage to the liquid crystal. The absorption axes of the lower polarizing plate 21 and the upper polarizing plate 22 are orthogonal to each other, the rubbing axis of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 10 is parallel to the absorption axis of the lower polarizing plate 21, and the rubbing direction of the upper substrate is parallel to the upper polarizing plate. It is parallel to the absorption axis of the plate 22. The uniaxially anisotropic films 35, 36 are of the same material, have negative refractive index anisotropy, and have their optic axes perpendicular to the plane of the film. Figure 8 shows the product (Δn d,
) The relationship between the product (And)F of the difference between LC, the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the film, and the thickness is shown. In the shaded area where the applied voltage is low, a sufficient black display cannot be obtained when viewed from the front. Therefore, (△ncl)F/(△n d) LC=0
．． 35 to 0.5, a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device can be realized.
本発明の第５の実施例について説明する。その構成は第
９図に斜視図で示すように、液晶セル１０、下側偏光板
２１、上側偏光板２２、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０
の間にあり、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０に接する一
軸異方性フイルム３５からなる。液晶セルは液晶に電圧
を印加するための透明電極を有する２枚の透明基板の間
に液晶を挿入したものである。下側偏光板２１と上側偏
光板２２の吸収軸は互いに直交し、液晶セル１０の下側
基板のラビング軸は下側偏光板２１の吸収軸と平行であ
り、上側基板のラビング方向は上側偏光板２２の吸収軸
と平行である。一軸異方性フィルムの屈折率異方性は負
で、その光学軸はフィルムの面に垂直である。第１０図
に視角が最も広くなるときの液晶セルの透明電極間に印
加される電圧と液晶の常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と液晶
層の厚さの積（Ａｎｄ）Ｌｃ、フィルムの常屈折率、異
常屈折率の差と厚さの積（Ａｎｄ）Ｆの関係を示す。斜
線で示した印加電圧の低い領域では正面から見て十分な
黒表示か得られない。従って（Ａｎｄ）Ｆ／（Ａｎｄ）
Ｌｃ＝ｏ、７〜１、、０で視角の広い液晶表示装置が実
現できる。A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in a perspective view in FIG. 9, its configuration includes a liquid crystal cell 10, a lower polarizing plate 21, an upper polarizing plate 22, a lower polarizing plate 21, and a liquid crystal cell 10.
It consists of a uniaxial anisotropic film 35 located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10. A liquid crystal cell has a liquid crystal inserted between two transparent substrates having transparent electrodes for applying voltage to the liquid crystal. The absorption axes of the lower polarizing plate 21 and the upper polarizing plate 22 are orthogonal to each other, the rubbing axis of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 10 is parallel to the absorption axis of the lower polarizing plate 21, and the rubbing direction of the upper substrate is parallel to the upper polarizing plate. It is parallel to the absorption axis of the plate 22. The refractive index anisotropy of a uniaxially anisotropic film is negative and its optic axis is perpendicular to the plane of the film. Figure 10 shows the product (And) Lc of the voltage applied between the transparent electrodes of the liquid crystal cell when the viewing angle is widest, the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and the normal refractive index of the liquid crystal. The relationship between the product (And) F of the refractive index, the difference in the extraordinary refractive index, and the thickness is shown. In the shaded area where the applied voltage is low, a sufficient black display cannot be obtained when viewed from the front. Therefore (And)F/(And)
When Lc=o, 7 to 1, 0, a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle can be realized.
本発明の第６の実施例について説明する。その構成は第
１１図に斜視図で示すように、液晶セル］Ｏ１下側偏光
板２１、上側偏光板２２、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１
０の間にあり、下側偏光板２１に接する二軸異方性フィ
ルム４１、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０の間にあり、
液晶セル１０に接する二軸異方性フィルム４２、上側偏
光板２２と液晶セル１０の間にあり、上側偏光板２２に
接する一軸異方性フイルム４３、上側偏光板２２と液晶
セル１０の間にあり、液晶セル１０に接する一軸異方性
フイルム４４からなる。液晶セル］Ｏは液晶に電圧を印
加するための透明電極を有する２枚の透明基板の間に液
晶を挿入したものである。A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The structure is as shown in a perspective view in FIG.
0 and is in contact with the lower polarizing plate 21, the biaxially anisotropic film 41 is located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10,
A biaxial anisotropic film 42 in contact with the liquid crystal cell 10, between the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10, a uniaxial anisotropic film 43 in contact with the upper polarizing plate 22, and between the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10. There is a uniaxially anisotropic film 44 in contact with the liquid crystal cell 10. Liquid crystal cell] O is a cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between two transparent substrates having transparent electrodes for applying voltage to the liquid crystal.
液晶の常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積は
５００ｎｍである。第１２図に各素子の角度の関係を示
す。下側偏光板２１と上側偏光板２２の吸収軸７１．．
７２は互いに直交し、液晶セル１０の下側基板のラビン
グ軸は６１下側偏光板２１の吸収軸７１と平行であり、
上側基板のラビング方向６２は上側偏光板２２の吸収軸
７２と平行である。二軸異方性フィルム４１．４．２．
４３゜４４は同一の材料であり、三つの誘電軸のうち、
二つはフィルムの面に平行であり、他の一つは垂直であ
る。フィルムの面に垂直な方向にＺ軸をとり、各方向の
屈折率をｎ８、ｎｙ、Ｉ’ｌｚで表すと（ｎニーｎｚ）
ｄ ＝ １４５ ｎｍ、（ｎｙ ｎｚ） ｄ ＝＝
１１００ｎである。フィルム４１．４２のｎ８の方向９
１゜９２は互いに直交し、フィルム４１のｎ８の方向９
１は下側偏光板２１の吸収軸７１と平行である。The product of the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 500 nm. FIG. 12 shows the angular relationship of each element. Absorption axes 71 of the lower polarizing plate 21 and the upper polarizing plate 22. ．．
72 are orthogonal to each other, and the rubbing axis of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 10 is parallel to the absorption axis 71 of the lower polarizing plate 21 of 61;
The rubbing direction 62 of the upper substrate is parallel to the absorption axis 72 of the upper polarizer 22 . Biaxially anisotropic film 41.4.2.
43° and 44 are the same material, and among the three dielectric axes,
Two are parallel to the plane of the film and the other is perpendicular. If the Z axis is taken in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the film, and the refractive index in each direction is expressed as n8, ny, I'lz (nny nz)
d = 145 nm, (ny nz) d ==
It is 1100n. Film 41.42 n8 direction 9
1°92 are perpendicular to each other, and the direction 9 of n8 of the film 41
1 is parallel to the absorption axis 71 of the lower polarizing plate 21.
さらに、フィルム４３．４４のｎＸの方向９３゜９・１
は互いに直交し、フィルム４３のｎｘの方向９３は上側
偏光板２２の吸収軸７２と平行である。Furthermore, the nX direction of the film 43.44 is 93°9.1
are perpendicular to each other, and the nx direction 93 of the film 43 is parallel to the absorption axis 72 of the upper polarizing plate 22.
第１３図に、第１２図に示す左右方向の透過率の視角依
存性を示す。本実施例を用いることによって、視角の広
い液晶表示装置か実現できる。FIG. 13 shows the viewing angle dependence of the transmissivity in the left and right directions shown in FIG. 12. By using this embodiment, a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle can be realized.
本発明の第７の実施例について説明する。その構成は第
１４図に斜視図で示すように、液晶セル１０、下側偏光
板２１、上側偏光板２２、下側偏光板２１と液晶セルｌ
Ｏの間にあり、下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０に接する
二軸異方性フィルム４５、上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１
０の間にあり、上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０に接する
一軸異方性フイルム４６からなる。液晶セル１０は液晶
に電圧を印加するための透明電極を有する２枚の透明基
板の間に液晶を挿入したものである。液晶の常屈折率、
異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積は５００ ｎ、 ｍ
である。第１５図に各素子の角度の関係を示す。下側偏
光板２１と上側偏光板２２の吸収軸７１．７２は互いに
直交し、液晶セル１ｏの下側基板のラビング軸６１は下
側偏光板２】の吸収軸７ｊと平行であり、上側基板のラ
ビング方向６２は上側偏光板２２の吸収軸７２と平行で
ある。A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in a perspective view in FIG. 14, its configuration includes a liquid crystal cell 10, a lower polarizing plate 21, an upper polarizing plate 22, a lower polarizing plate 21, and a liquid crystal cell l.
A biaxially anisotropic film 45 located between O and in contact with the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10, the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 1
0, and consists of a uniaxially anisotropic film 46 in contact with the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10. The liquid crystal cell 10 has a liquid crystal inserted between two transparent substrates having transparent electrodes for applying voltage to the liquid crystal. ordinary refractive index of liquid crystal,
The product of the difference in the extraordinary refractive index and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 500 n, m
It is. FIG. 15 shows the angular relationship of each element. The absorption axes 71 and 72 of the lower polarizing plate 21 and the upper polarizing plate 22 are orthogonal to each other, the rubbing axis 61 of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 1o is parallel to the absorption axis 7j of the lower polarizing plate 2], and the rubbing axis 61 of the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 1o is parallel to the absorption axis 7j of the lower polarizing plate The rubbing direction 62 of is parallel to the absorption axis 72 of the upper polarizing plate 22.
二軸異方性フィルム４５．４６は同一の材料であり、三
つの誘電軸のうち、二つはフィルムの面に平行てあ一ノ
、他の一つは垂直である。フィルムの面に垂直な方向に
Ｚ軸をと【ノ、各方向の屈折率をｎ ｘ 、ｎ ｙ、ｎ
２で表すと（ｎｘ−ｎｙ） ｄ＝６５ｎｍ、（ｎｙ−ｎ
、Ｚ） ｄ＝ ｌ ８０ｎｍである。フィルム４５゜４
６のｎ８の方向９５．９６は互いに直交し、フィルム４
５の０８の方向は下側偏光板２１の吸収軸７２と直交す
る。第１６図に、第１５図に示す左右方向の透過率の視
角依存性を示す。本実施例を用いることによって、視角
の広い液晶表示装置が実現できる。The biaxially anisotropic films 45, 46 are of the same material, and of the three dielectric axes, two are parallel to the plane of the film and the other is perpendicular. The Z axis is perpendicular to the surface of the film, and the refractive index in each direction is n x , n y, n
When expressed in 2, (nx-ny) d=65nm, (ny-n
, Z) d=l 80 nm. Film 45°4
The directions 95 and 96 of n8 of 6 are orthogonal to each other, and the directions 95 and 96 of n8 of film 4
The direction 08 of 5 is perpendicular to the absorption axis 72 of the lower polarizing plate 21. FIG. 16 shows the viewing angle dependence of the transmittance in the left and right directions shown in FIG. 15. By using this embodiment, a liquid crystal display device with a wide viewing angle can be realized.
本発明の液晶表示装置は、以上説明したように、電圧無
印加で白表示を行うＴＮモードにおいて、屈折率異方性
を有するフィルムを用い、しかも、その屈折率を液晶の
屈折率に対して特定することによって、広い視角を得る
ことが可能である。As explained above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention uses a film having refractive index anisotropy in the TN mode in which white display is performed without applying a voltage, and moreover, the refractive index is set to be different from the refractive index of the liquid crystal. By specifying it, it is possible to obtain a wide viewing angle.
第１図は本発明の第１の実施例の構成を示す斜視図、第
２図は第１の実施例において、視角が最も広くなるとき
の液晶セルの印加電圧と液晶の常屈折率、異常屈折率の
差と液晶層の厚さの積（△ｒ１ｄ ） ＬＣ、フィルム
の常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と厚さの積（Δｎ、ｄ）Ｆ
の関係を示す図、第３図は本発明の第２の実施例の構成
を示す斜視図、第４図は第３図中の複合部材の構成を示
す図、第５図は本発明の第３の実施例の構成を示す斜視
図、第６図は第３の実施例において、視角が最も広くな
るときの液晶セルの印加電圧と液晶の常屈折率、異常屈
折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積（Ａｎｄ ） ｔ、ｃ、フ
ィルムの常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と厚さの積（Ａｎｄ
）ｐの関係を示す図、第７図は本発明の第４の実施例の
構成を示す斜視図、第８図は第４の実施例において、視
角が最も広くなるときの液晶セル印加電圧と液晶の常屈
折率、異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積（△ｎ ｄ
） ｔ、ｃ、フィルムの常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と厚
さの積（Δｎｄ）Ｆの関係を示す図、第９図は本発明の
第５の実施例の構成を示す斜視図、第１０図は第５の実
施例において、視角が最も広くなるときの液晶セルの印
加電圧と液晶の常屈折率、異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚
さの積（△ｎｄ）しｃ、フィルムの常屈折率、異常屈折
率の差と厚さの積（△ｎｄ）Ｆの関係を示す図、第１１
図は本発明の第６の実施例の構成を示す斜視図、第１２
図は第６の実施例における各素子の角度の関係を示す図
、第１３図は、第６の実施例の第１２図に示す左右方向
の透過率の視角依存性を示す図、第１４図は本発明の第
７の実施例の構成を示す斜視図、第１５図は第７の実施
例における各素子の角度の関係を示す図、第１６図は第
７の実施例の第１５図に示す左右方向の透過率の視角依
存性を示す図である。
１０・・・液晶セル、２０・・・偏光板、２１・・・下
側偏光板、２２・・・上側偏光板、３１・・・下側偏光
板２１と液晶セル１０の間にあり、下側偏光板２１に接
する一軸異方性フイルム、３２・・・下側偏光板２１と
液晶セル］Ｏの間にあり、液晶セル１０に接する一軸異
方性フイルム、３３・・・上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１
０の間にあり、上側偏光板２２に接する一軸異方性フイ
ルム、３４・・・上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１、Ｏの間
にあり、液晶セル１０に接するー軸異方性フィルム、３
５・・下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１ｏの間にあり、下側
偏光板２１と液晶セル１０に接する一軸異方性うイルム
、３６・・・上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０の間にあり
、上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０に接する一軸異方性フ
イルム、３７・・・偏光板２ｏの上に積層したー軸性異
方性フィルム、３８・・・一軸異方性フィルム３７の上
に積層した一軸異方性フイルム、４１・・・下側偏光板
２１と液晶セル１０の間にあり、下側偏光板２１に接す
る二軸異方性フィルム、４２・・・下側偏光板２１と液
晶セル１０の間にあり、液晶セル１０に接する二軸異方
性フィルム、４３・・・上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０
の間にあり、上側偏光板２２に接する二軸異方性フィル
ム、４４・・・上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０の間にあ
り、液晶セル１０に接する二軸異方性フィルム、４５・
・・下側偏光板２１と液晶セル１０の間にあり、下側偏
光板２１と液晶セル１０に接する二軸異方性フィルム、
４６・・上側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０の間にあり、上
側偏光板２２と液晶セル１０に接する二軸異方性フィル
ム、５０・・・偏光板２０と一軸異方性フイルム３７と
一軸性フイルム３８からなる複合部材、６１・液晶セル
１０の下側基板のラビング方向、６２・・・液晶セル１
０の上側基板のラビング方向、７０・・・偏光板２０の
吸収軸、７１・・下側偏光板２１の吸収軸、７２・・・
上側偏光板２２の吸収軸、８７・・・一軸異方性フィル
ム３７の光学軸、８８・・・一軸異方性フィルム３８の
光学軸、９１・・・二軸異方性フィルム４１のｎｘの方
向、９２・・・二軸異方性フィルム４２のｎｘの方向、
９３・二軸異方性フィルム４３のｎ、の方向、９４・・
・二軸異方性フィルム４４のｎｘの方向、９５・・・二
軸異方性フィルム４５の０８の方向、９６・・・二軸異
方性フイルムネ
ソ
第１図
第２図
印ηａｔ圧
第３図
第４図
第５図
第６図
０ 郷［］を斤
第７図
第８図
丘Ｆり口１Ｌ斤
第９図
第１０図
εＰ力口電／Ｅ
第１１図
ち１２図
／ ＼
牙１３図
ん１石
茎 １４図
号 １５ 図
弔 １６図
視 角Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell when the viewing angle becomes the widest, the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal, and the abnormality in the first embodiment. Product of difference in refractive index and thickness of liquid crystal layer (△r1d) LC, product of difference in ordinary refractive index and extraordinary refractive index of film and thickness (Δn, d) F
3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of the composite member in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the third embodiment, and FIG. 6 shows the difference between the applied voltage of the liquid crystal cell when the viewing angle becomes the widest, the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal, and the extraordinary refractive index, and the difference of the liquid crystal layer. Product of thickness (And) Product of t, c, difference between ordinary refractive index and extraordinary refractive index of film and thickness (And
7 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell when the viewing angle becomes the widest in the fourth embodiment. Product of the difference between the ordinary refractive index and extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer (△n d
) A diagram showing the relationship between the product (Δnd)F of the difference between t, c, the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the film, and the thickness. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 shows the product (Δnd) of the difference between the voltage applied to the liquid crystal cell when the viewing angle is widest, the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal, and the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal layer and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the fifth embodiment. Diagram showing the relationship between the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the film and the product (Δnd) F of the thickness, No. 11
The figures are perspective views showing the configuration of the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and the twelfth embodiment.
13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the angles of each element in the sixth embodiment, FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the viewing angle dependence of the transmittance in the left and right direction shown in FIG. 12 in the sixth embodiment, and FIG. is a perspective view showing the configuration of the seventh embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the angular relationship of each element in the seventh embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the seventh embodiment. It is a figure which shows the viewing angle dependence of the transmittance|permeability of the left-right direction shown. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Liquid crystal cell, 20... Polarizing plate, 21... Lower polarizing plate, 22... Upper polarizing plate, 31... Located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10, and lower A uniaxial anisotropic film in contact with the side polarizing plate 21, 32... A uniaxial anisotropic film located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell ]O and in contact with the liquid crystal cell 10, 33... Upper polarizing plate 22 and liquid crystal cell 1
a uniaxially anisotropic film located between 0 and in contact with the upper polarizing plate 22; 3
5... Uniaxial anisotropic film located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 1o and in contact with the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10, 36... Between the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10 Yes, a uniaxial anisotropic film in contact with the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10, 37... an axial anisotropic film laminated on the polarizing plate 2o, 38... on the uniaxial anisotropic film 37 A uniaxially anisotropic film laminated on 41...a biaxially anisotropic film located between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the lower polarizing plate 21, 42...lower polarizing plate 21 A biaxially anisotropic film 43 located between and in contact with the liquid crystal cell 10 and the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10
A biaxially anisotropic film located between the upper polarizing plate 22 and in contact with the upper polarizing plate 22, 44...A biaxially anisotropic film located between the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the liquid crystal cell 10, 45.
...a biaxially anisotropic film that is between the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the lower polarizing plate 21 and the liquid crystal cell 10;
46... Biaxial anisotropic film located between the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10 and in contact with the upper polarizing plate 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10, 50... The polarizing plate 20, the uniaxial anisotropic film 37, and the uniaxial film Composite member made of film 38, 61, rubbing direction of lower substrate of liquid crystal cell 10, 62...liquid crystal cell 1
0 rubbing direction of the upper substrate, 70... absorption axis of the polarizing plate 20, 71... absorption axis of the lower polarizing plate 21, 72...
Absorption axis of the upper polarizing plate 22, 87... Optical axis of the uniaxially anisotropic film 37, 88... Optical axis of the uniaxially anisotropic film 38, 91... nx of the biaxially anisotropic film 41 direction, 92... nx direction of the biaxially anisotropic film 42;
93. Direction of n of the biaxially anisotropic film 43, 94...
・nx direction of the biaxially anisotropic film 44, 95...08 direction of the biaxially anisotropic film 45, 96...biaxially anisotropic film pressure 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 0 Village [] 7 Fig. 8 Hill F entrance 1 L cat 9 Fig. 10 Diagram 1 Stone stem 14 Diagram number 15 Diagram condolence Diagram 16 View Corner
Claims (1)
セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の偏
光板と液晶セルの間にあり一方の偏光板に接する一軸異
方性を有する部材、一方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり
液晶セルに接する一軸異方性を有する部材、他方の偏光
板と液晶セルの間にあり他方の偏光板に接する一軸異方
性を有する部材、他方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり液
晶セルに接する一軸異方性を有する部材からなり、一軸
異方性を有する部材は同一の材料であり、屈折率異方性
は正で、その光学軸は偏光板の面に平行であり、一方の
偏光板と液晶セルの間にある二つの部材の光学軸は互い
に直交し、他方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にある二つの部
材の光学軸が互いに直交し、一軸異方性を有する部材の
常屈折率と異常屈折率の差と厚さの積が液晶の常屈折率
と異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積の０．２５〜０．
５倍であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ２、請求項１記載の液晶表示装置において、一方の偏光
板と液晶セルの間にある二つの一軸異方性を有する部材
のうち偏光板に接する部材の光学軸と、一方の偏光板の
吸収軸のなす角度が、他方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあ
る二つの一軸異方性を有する部材のうち偏光板側の部材
の光学軸と、他方の偏光板の吸収軸のなす角度に等しい
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ３、請求項２記載の液晶表示装置において、偏光板側の
一軸異方性を有する部材の光学軸と偏光板の吸収軸が概
ね平行であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ４、請求項２記載の液晶表示装置において、偏光板側の
一軸異方性を有する部材の光学軸と偏光板の吸収軸が概
ね直交することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ５、電極を有する一対の基板の間に液晶を挿入した液晶
セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の偏
光板と液晶セルの間にあり一方の偏光板に接する一軸異
方性を有する部材、一方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり
液晶セルに接する一軸異方性を有する部材からなり、一
軸異方性を有する部材は同一の材料であり、屈折率異方
性は正で、その光学軸は偏光板の面に平行であり、一方
の偏光板と液晶セルの間にある二つの部材の光学軸は互
いに直交し、他方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にある二つの
部材の光学軸が互いに直交し、一軸異方性を有する部材
の常屈折率と異常屈折率の差と厚さの積が液晶の常屈折
率と異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積０．５〜１．０
倍であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ６、請求項５記載の液晶表示装置において、偏光板側の
一軸異方性を有する部材の光学軸と偏光板の吸収軸が概
ね平行であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ７、請求項５記載の液晶表示装置において、偏光板側の
一軸異方性を有する部材の光学軸と偏光板の吸収軸が概
ね直交することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ８、電極を有する一対の基板の間に液晶を挿入した液晶
セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の偏
光板と液晶セルの間にあり一軸異方性を有する部材、他
方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり一軸異方性を有する部
材からなり、一軸異方性を有する部材は同一の材料であ
り、屈折率異方性は負で、その光学軸は偏光板の面に垂
直であり、一軸異方性を有する部材の常屈折率と異常屈
折率の差と厚さの積が液晶の常屈折率と異常屈折率の差
と液晶層の厚さの積の０．３５〜０．５倍であることを
を特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ９、電極を有する一対の基板の間に液晶を挿入した液晶
セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の偏
光板と液晶セルの間にあり一軸異方性を有する部材から
なり、一軸異方性を有する部材の屈折率異方性は負で、
その光学軸は偏光板の面に垂直であり、一軸異方性を有
する部材の常屈折率と異常屈折率の差と厚さの積が液晶
の常屈折率と異常屈折率の差と液晶層の厚さの積の０．
７〜１．０倍であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 １０、電極を有する一対の基板の間に液晶を挿入した液
晶セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の
偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり一方の偏光板に接する二軸
異方性を有する部材、一方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあ
り液晶セルに接する二軸異方性を有する部材、他方の偏
光板と液晶セルの間にあり他方の偏光板に接する二軸異
方性を有する部材、他方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり
液晶セルに接する二軸異方性を有する部材からなり、二
軸異方性を有する部材は同一の材料であり、三つの誘電
軸のうち、二つは偏光板の面に平行であり、他の一つは
偏光板の面に垂直であり、偏光板の面に垂直な誘電軸方
向の屈折率は、偏光板の面に平行な他の二つの誘電軸方
向の屈折率よりも小さく、液晶セルと一方の偏光板の間
にある二つの二軸異方性を有する部材のうち、一方の部
材の屈折率が一番大きい誘電軸と、他方の部材の屈折率
が一番大きい誘電軸が直交し、液晶セルと他方の偏光板
の間にある二つの光学的に二軸性の部材のうち、一方の
部材の屈折率が一番大きい誘電軸と、他方の部材の屈折
率が一番大きい誘電軸が直交することを特徴とする液晶
表示装置。 １１、電極を有する一対の基板の間に液晶を挿入した液
晶セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の
偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり一方の偏光板に接する二軸
異方性を有する部材、一方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあ
り液晶セルに接する二軸異方性を有する部材からなり、
二軸異方性を有する部材は同一の材料であり、三つの誘
電軸のうち、二つは偏光板の面に平行であり、他の一つ
は偏光板の面に垂直であり、偏光板の面に垂直な誘電軸
方向の屈折率は、偏光板の面に平行な他の二つの誘電軸
方向の屈折率よりも小さく、液晶セルと一方の偏光板の
間にある二つの二軸異方性を有する部材のうち、一方の
部材の屈折率が一番大きい誘電軸と、他方の部材の屈折
率が一番大きい誘電軸が直交することを特徴とする液晶
表示装置。 １２、電極を有する一対の基板の間に液晶を挿入した液
晶セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の
偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり二軸異方性を有する部材、
他方の偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり二軸異方性を有する
部材からなり、二軸異方性を有する部材は同一の材料で
あり、三つの誘電軸のうち、二つは偏光板の面に平行で
あり、他の一つは偏光板の面に垂直であり、偏光板の面
に垂直な誘電軸方向の屈折率は、偏光板の面に平行な他
の二つの誘電軸方向の屈折率よりも小さく、液晶セルと
一方の偏光板の間にある部材の屈折率が一番大きい誘電
軸と、一方の偏光板の吸収軸が直交し、液晶セルと他方
の偏光板の間にある部材の屈折率が一番大きい誘電軸と
、他方の偏光板の吸収軸が直交することを特徴とする液
晶表示装置。 １３、電極を有する一対の基板の間に液晶を挿入した液
晶セル、吸収軸が互いに直交する一対の偏光板、一方の
偏光板と液晶セルの間にあり二軸異方性を有する部材か
らなり、二軸異方性を有する部材の三つの誘電軸のうち
、二つは偏光板の面に平行であり、他の一つは偏光板の
面に垂直であり、偏光板の面に垂直な誘電軸方向の屈折
率は、偏光板の面に平行な他の二つの誘電軸方向の屈折
率よりも小さく、液晶セルと一方の偏光板の間にある部
材の屈折率が一番大きい誘電軸と、一方の偏光板の吸収
軸が直交することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 １４、請求項１記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率異
方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材で
あることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 １５、請求項５記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率異
方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材で
あることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 １６、請求項８記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率異
方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材で
あることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 １７、請求項９記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率異
方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材で
あることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 １８、請求項１０記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率
異方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材
であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 １９、請求項１１記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率
異方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材
であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ２０、請求項１２記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率
異方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材
であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 ２１、請求項１３記載の液晶表示装置において、屈折率
異方性を有する部材が少なくとも一方向に延伸した部材
であることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are perpendicular to each other, and one polarizing plate located between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell. A member with uniaxial anisotropy that is in contact with the , a member with uniaxial anisotropy that is between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and in contact with the liquid crystal cell, a member that is between the other polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and in contact with the other polarizing plate It consists of a member with uniaxial anisotropy, a member with uniaxial anisotropy that is between the other polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and in contact with the liquid crystal cell, and the members with uniaxial anisotropy are made of the same material and have a refractive index difference. The orientation is positive, and its optical axis is parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate, and the optical axes of the two members between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell are perpendicular to each other, and the optical axes of the two members between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell are perpendicular to each other. The optical axes of the two members are orthogonal to each other, and the product of the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the member with uniaxial anisotropy and the thickness is the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal layer. The product of the thickness of 0.25 to 0.
A liquid crystal display device characterized by being 5 times larger. 2. In the liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, the optical axis of the member in contact with the polarizing plate among the two members having uniaxial anisotropy located between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell, and the absorption of one polarizing plate. The angle made by the axis is equal to the angle made by the optical axis of the member on the polarizing plate side of the two members having uniaxial anisotropy between the other polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and the absorption axis of the other polarizing plate. A liquid crystal display device characterized by: 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the optical axis of the member having uniaxial anisotropy on the polarizing plate side and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate are approximately parallel to each other. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the optical axis of the member having uniaxial anisotropy on the polarizing plate side and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate are approximately perpendicular to each other. 5. A liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, and a uniaxial anisotropy between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and in contact with the other polarizing plate. A member with uniaxial anisotropy is located between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and is in contact with the liquid crystal cell.The members with uniaxial anisotropy are made of the same material, and the refractive index anisotropy is positive. The optical axes of the two members between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell are perpendicular to each other, and the optical axes of the two members between the other polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell are parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate. The optical axes of the members are orthogonal to each other, and the product of the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the member having uniaxial anisotropy and the thickness is the product of the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. Product 0.5-1.0
A liquid crystal display device characterized by being twice as large. 6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the optical axis of the member having uniaxial anisotropy on the polarizing plate side and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate are approximately parallel to each other. 7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the optical axis of the member having uniaxial anisotropy on the polarizing plate side and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate are approximately perpendicular to each other. 8. A liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, a member having uniaxial anisotropy located between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell, and the other It is located between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and consists of a member that has uniaxial anisotropy. The members that have uniaxial anisotropy are the same material, the refractive index anisotropy is negative, and the optical axis is aligned with the plane of the polarizing plate. The product of the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the member having uniaxial anisotropy and the thickness is 0. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the magnification is 35 to 0.5 times. 9. Consisting of a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, and a member having uniaxial anisotropy located between one of the polarizing plates and the liquid crystal cell, The refractive index anisotropy of a member with uniaxial anisotropy is negative,
Its optical axis is perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate, and the product of the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the member with uniaxial anisotropy and the thickness is the difference between the ordinary refractive index and the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal layer. The product of the thicknesses of 0.
A liquid crystal display device characterized in that it has a magnification of 7 to 1.0 times. 10. A liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are perpendicular to each other, and a biaxial anisotropic device located between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and touching the other polarizing plate. a member with biaxial anisotropy that is between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and in contact with the liquid crystal cell; a member that is between the other polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and has biaxial anisotropy that is in contact with the other polarizing plate A member with biaxial anisotropy is located between the other polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and is in contact with the liquid crystal cell.The members with biaxial anisotropy are made of the same material and have three dielectric axes Two of them are parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate, and the other one is perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate, and the refractive index in the dielectric axis direction perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate is parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate. The dielectric axis is smaller than the refractive index in the other two dielectric axis directions, and the refractive index of one member is the largest among the two biaxially anisotropic members located between the liquid crystal cell and one of the polarizing plates. , the dielectric axes of the other member with the largest refractive index are perpendicular to each other, and among the two optically biaxial members between the liquid crystal cell and the other polarizing plate, one member has the largest refractive index. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the axis and the dielectric axis having the largest refractive index of the other member are perpendicular to each other. 11. A liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are perpendicular to each other, and a biaxially anisotropic device located between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and touching the other polarizing plate. a member with biaxial anisotropy located between one polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell and in contact with the liquid crystal cell;
The members having biaxial anisotropy are made of the same material, and two of the three dielectric axes are parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate, and the other one is perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate. The refractive index in the dielectric axis direction perpendicular to the plane of the polarizer is smaller than the refractive index in the other two dielectric axes parallel to the plane of the polarizer, and the two biaxial anisotropy between the liquid crystal cell and one polarizer A liquid crystal display device characterized in that, among the members having the above-mentioned structure, the dielectric axis of one member having the largest refractive index and the dielectric axis of the other member having the largest refractive index are orthogonal to each other. 12. A liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, a member having biaxial anisotropy between one of the polarizing plates and the liquid crystal cell,
It consists of a member that has biaxial anisotropy and is located between the other polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell.The members that have biaxial anisotropy are made of the same material, and two of the three dielectric axes are aligned with the polarizing plate. The refractive index in the direction of the dielectric axis perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate is the same as that of the other two dielectric axes parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate. The dielectric axis that is smaller than the refractive index and has the largest refractive index of the member between the liquid crystal cell and one polarizing plate is perpendicular to the absorption axis of one polarizing plate, and the refraction of the member between the liquid crystal cell and the other polarizing plate A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a dielectric axis having the largest polarizing coefficient and an absorption axis of the other polarizing plate are perpendicular to each other. 13. Consists of a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal is inserted between a pair of substrates having electrodes, a pair of polarizing plates whose absorption axes are orthogonal to each other, and a member having biaxial anisotropy between one of the polarizing plates and the liquid crystal cell. Of the three dielectric axes of a member with biaxial anisotropy, two are parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate, the other is perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate, and the other is perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate. The refractive index in the dielectric axis direction is smaller than the refractive index in the other two dielectric axis directions parallel to the plane of the polarizing plate, and the dielectric axis has the largest refractive index of the member located between the liquid crystal cell and one polarizing plate. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the absorption axes of one polarizing plate are orthogonal to each other. 14. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction. 15. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction. 16. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction. 17. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction. 18. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction. 19. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 11, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction. 20. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction. 21. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 13, wherein the member having refractive index anisotropy is a member extending in at least one direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02287045A JP3028844B2 (en) | 1990-10-26 | 1990-10-26 | Liquid crystal display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02287045A JP3028844B2 (en) | 1990-10-26 | 1990-10-26 | Liquid crystal display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04162018A true JPH04162018A (en) | 1992-06-05 |
| JP3028844B2 JP3028844B2 (en) | 2000-04-04 |
Family
ID=17712340
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP02287045A Expired - Lifetime JP3028844B2 (en) | 1990-10-26 | 1990-10-26 | Liquid crystal display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3028844B2 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06194647A (en) * | 1992-12-25 | 1994-07-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element using optical compensation sheet |
| US5658505A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1997-08-19 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for making a phase retarder film |
| JP2004206130A (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-22 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display |
| US7057689B2 (en) | 1997-08-29 | 2006-06-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display with at least one phase compensation element |
| US7319500B2 (en) | 2000-04-06 | 2008-01-15 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Viewing angle compensation film and liquid crystal display |
| JP2010224512A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | TN mode LCD panel |
| US7847897B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2010-12-07 | Fujifilm Corporation | Optical compensation film and liquid crystal display |
| US7965363B2 (en) | 1997-06-12 | 2011-06-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Vertically-aligned (VA) liquid crystal display device |
| US9885910B2 (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2018-02-06 | Fujifilm Corporation | Twisted alignment mode liquid crystal display device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011039239A (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-02-24 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Composite polarizing plate and tn mode liquid crystal panel |
-
1990
- 1990-10-26 JP JP02287045A patent/JP3028844B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06194647A (en) * | 1992-12-25 | 1994-07-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display element using optical compensation sheet |
| US5888634A (en) * | 1994-02-27 | 1999-03-30 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Phase retarder film |
| US5658505A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1997-08-19 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for making a phase retarder film |
| USRE43123E1 (en) | 1997-06-12 | 2012-01-24 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Vertically-aligned (VA) liquid crystal display device |
| US8553188B2 (en) | 1997-06-12 | 2013-10-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
| US8134671B2 (en) | 1997-06-12 | 2012-03-13 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device |
| US7965363B2 (en) | 1997-06-12 | 2011-06-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Vertically-aligned (VA) liquid crystal display device |
| US7057689B2 (en) | 1997-08-29 | 2006-06-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display with at least one phase compensation element |
| US7319500B2 (en) | 2000-04-06 | 2008-01-15 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Viewing angle compensation film and liquid crystal display |
| JP2004206130A (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2004-07-22 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display |
| US7847897B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2010-12-07 | Fujifilm Corporation | Optical compensation film and liquid crystal display |
| JP2010224512A (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2010-10-07 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | TN mode LCD panel |
| US9885910B2 (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2018-02-06 | Fujifilm Corporation | Twisted alignment mode liquid crystal display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3028844B2 (en) | 2000-04-04 |
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