JPH04187079A - Rotary reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a rotary reaction apparatus that can be used as an apparatus for efficiently producing biological and/or chemical reactions.

[Conventional technology]

Three types of basic structures are widely used for small-sized devices that produce biological or chemical reactions: stationary type, root type, and rotating type. However, with conventional devices, reaction kinetic analysis has been performed on reaction systems with low-temperature substrates in reaction vessels, so studies have not yet been conducted on reaction systems with high concentration or insoluble substrates. It is.

For the stationary type, a stirrer is placed in a triangular kolben or beaker, and the substrate is stirred by horizontal rotation.
Reaction systems that increase the reaction rate are common. This system allows the reaction to be carried out at low cost regardless of the polarity or corrosivity of the solvent, but in high viscosity systems the rotational speed of the stirrer decreases.

Furthermore, when the specific gravity of the substrate is lower than that of the solvent, there is a drawback that the substrate floats. .

As a shaking type, a shaking culture machine in which test tubes or triangular Kolben are fixed and reacted in a constant temperature water bath or a constant temperature room is widely used. This system uses horizontal reciprocating motion of a shaker incubator to agitate the substrate and increase the reaction rate. However, like the former, if the specific gravity of the substrate is different from that of the solvent, the substrate will float or settle. Furthermore, it is difficult to homogenize a high viscosity system.

As a rotary type, a method in which a test tube or a sample tube is tightly capped and stirred by circular motion using a rotary cooler is popular. This system is suitable for cases where reactions proceed slowly, such as in cell culture. However, like the former case, if the specific gravity of the substrate is lower than the solvent, the substrate will float and homogenization cannot be achieved. Furthermore, when the reaction system is sealed tightly, the internal pressure increases and the reaction liquid leaks. Furthermore, since the device generally includes a sample container holding device, a power system, and its control unit in one unit, the entire device must be installed in a constant temperature room. However, constant temperature rooms require high equipment costs, and because they use air, which has a low specific heat, as a heat medium, they are affected by the outside temperature as workers come and go, making the temperature unstable.

E Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a reaction device that can proceed in cases where it is difficult to use conventional devices due to the viscosity, specific gravity, or generated gas of the reaction system. be.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention was developed to solve the above problems. It is an apparatus suitable for biological and/or chemical reactions having the following characteristics. In other words, a reaction bag for carrying out biological and chemical reactions on a substrate in the presence of living organisms or chemical substances, a rotating device to which the reaction bag is attached and accelerating the reaction by vertical stirring (up and down movement) and grinding of the substrate, and a rotating This is a rotary reaction device that consists of a drive device that rotates the device in any direction and speed, a constant temperature device that keeps the liquid temperature in the reaction tank constant, and a control device that controls the drive device and the constant temperature device.

Further, the reaction bag is characterized in that it consists of a plastic bag with a zipper and particles for stirring and grinding inside the bag, and the rotating device includes a cylinder made of acrylic resin and a reaction bag that presses the reaction bag against the back surface of the cylinder with a spring. It is characterized by consisting of a bag attachment rod and a rotating shaft that transmits the rotational movement of the drive device to the cylinder.

Further, the drive device includes a drive motor and a mechanism for transmitting its power to the rotating device, the constant temperature device includes a constant temperature water tank and a circulation pump, and the control device controls the movement of the drive device. It consists of a computer and an interface to control it, and a temperature control device to control the temperature of the liquid in the reaction tank equipped with a rotating device.

Reaction systems that can be realized by the mechanism provided by the present invention include biological and/or chemical reaction systems in general.

Among these reactions, the reactions that have been particularly effective in the present invention are as follows.

(1) Floating or settling substrates can be dispersed in a solvent or medium.

(2) Progress of the reaction can be maintained under conditions of high viscosity.

(3) Since gas can be sealed in the reaction bag, either aerobic or anaerobic reaction can be selected in the biological reaction system.

(4) Since the substrate stirring conditions can be controlled by a computer, the conditions can be arbitrarily set with good reproducibility, from cell culture requiring gentle stirring to slurry reactions requiring vigorous stirring.

(5) When the substrate is loose and rigid, it is possible to cause physical grinding using particles for stirring and grinding, so there is no need to prepare the sample into a fine powder in advance.

[For production]

In the reaction apparatus of the present invention, a biological or chemical substance is introduced to the substrate in the reaction bag, particles for stirring and grinding are introduced, the prepared gas is sealed, and then the bag is sealed and then installed in a rotating device. - Perform biological and/or chemical reactions while rotating in the opposite direction.

The reaction bag is made by sealing the opening of a commercially available plastic bag with a zipper by heat-welding it with polystyrene. Due to this, there is no leakage of reaction products or medium. Further, when gas is generated, the bag expands, making it possible to avoid a sudden increase in internal pressure.

The rotation device of the present invention rotates the reaction bag around the rotation axis. During rotation, the reaction bag is inverted and the liquid phase containing the substrate and the gas phase are periodically reversed.

Therefore, the substrate is well dispersed in the medium regardless of its specific gravity. Furthermore, for a slurry-like culture medium, internal stirring can be efficiently performed by using ceramic or metal stirring/grinding particles having a large specific gravity. In the reaction bag, the swelling effect of the substrate by the solvent and the grinding effect of the stirring/grinding particles combine to make even loose and rigid substrates susceptible to reaction.

The control device that controls the movement of the drive device can be arbitrarily changed from slow rotation to high speed rotation by computer numerical control. This device is particularly suitable for accelerating biological and chemical reactions without impairing the physiological activity of microorganisms under low-speed rotation conditions.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail based on drawings showing one embodiment thereof.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a rotary reactor applied to biological and/or chemical reactions.

The rotary reaction device 1 includes a culture tank 2 equipped with a rotation device that holds a reaction bag 3 in a cylinder 7 with a reaction bag attachment rod 6.
, a drive device consisting of a drive motor 9, and a constant temperature water tank 1
0 and a circulation pump 11, and a control device consisting of a computer 13 and its control panel 12.

In the reaction bag 3, stirring/grinding particles 4 made of glass beads, ceramic beads, or stainless steel poles are sealed inside a plastic bag.

For biological reactions and/or chemical reactions, the reaction bag 3 is opened and the inoquinilum or reaction substrate and the amount of medium or solvent are added. After venting the prepared gas, the chuck is closed, and the upper opening is sealed by heat welding. Thereafter, the sealed reaction bag 3 is mounted on a rotating device, and the computer 13 is operated to rotate the drive motor 9 according to the program. The rotating device 5 periodically rotates the reaction bag 3 in both forward and reverse directions, but in the process, the reaction bag 3 is turned upside down and the particles 4 for stirring and grinding fall to the bottom, and the positions of the liquid phase and gas phase are changed. is reversed, and efficient vertical stirring and grinding occur, accelerating the reaction.

The temperature of the liquid in the culture tank 2 is determined by the change in resistance of a thermistor of a detector using a temperature controller in the control panel.

The water tank is heated by 10 heaters inside the constant-temperature hydrogen tank by activating a solid-state relay.

A microorganism culture test was conducted using the rotary reaction apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and the performance was evaluated. The results are as follows.

In the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, hay (orchard wheel) 6
00g/day and 300g/day of concentrated feed (new dairy cow No. 17 Nippon compound feed) 2 times a day at 10:00 and 22:00.
Biological reaction test using double gauze squeezed juice of rumen contents collected from rumen stent 8 hours after feeding from adult Burmese sheep (Coryzor type male, weighing approximately 40 kg), which are fed in divided doses, as Inokiniram. I did this.

As metal particles, 50 μ of iron powder of 0 to 4 μm were placed in a polyethylene plastic bag (85X) used as a reaction bag.
Three bags each were prepared, one containing the microparticles (60 mm) and the other containing no microparticles.

Put 10 cc of rumen juice and 20 glass peas (particle size: 4.7 to 5.6 mm) into each plastic bag.
Filled with CD2. Next, seal the plastic bag using Fuji Polysiler, set it in a rotating device in a culture tank kept at 39℃, and rotate the cylinder (forward direction lrpm).
(alternately repeating 1.5 rotations in the opposite direction and 1 rotation in the opposite direction in lrp+n), and the biological reaction test was started.

At the start of the test, 0.5, 1.2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours later, samples were taken from one bag each for microparticle growth and one without, aerated with CO2 again, and then tested after sealing. .

The change in the number of protosia in the reaction bag during the test period was measured as a second
Figure 3 shows changes in pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA)
Figure 4 shows the change in concentration.

From the above results, it can be seen that biological reactions similar to those in the rumen occur in the rotary biological reaction device.

Note that similar biological reactions were observed even when iron oxide (magnetite) (average particle size 1 p, saturation magnetization 9 Qemu/g) was used as the fine particles instead of iron powder.

Next, the following experiment was conducted to evaluate the stirring device for a substrate with a heavy specific gravity in the rotary reaction apparatus developed in the present invention. The experiment was conducted in the same system as the culture experiment described above, and microorganisms in the rumen of cotton sheep that grow under anaerobic conditions were cultured with the addition of iron oxide (magnetite). As a result, the magnetite was dispersed by the rotational movement of the reaction bag and was well taken up by the protozoa. After culturing, the culture solution was transferred to a glass slide, a rare earth magnet was placed on the back side of the slide glass, and the culture solution was washed with physiological saline. Many protozoa that had ingested the magnetite were held onto the slide glass by magnetic force. . However, in normal shaking culture, almost no protozoa were observed on the slides using the same procedure.

Therefore, it is considered that in the shaking culture, the magnetite with a heavy specific gravity remained precipitated and was hardly dispersed in the reaction bag, so that the protozoa could not eat it.

Although the above examples relate to biological reactions between microorganisms and substrates, the device of the invention can also be applied to other common biological and/or chemical reactions, such as fermentation, sewage treatment or organic and inorganic chemical reactions. It is.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a rotary reaction device is provided in which suspended or sedimented substrates can be dispersed in a medium by the rotational movement of a reaction bag and the effect of stirring/grinding particles inside. When the substrate is a paste, it has become possible to cause physical grinding, and it has become possible to apply it to biological or chemical reactions even if the substrate is not a fine powder.

In addition, since the gas can be sealed in the reaction bag, it is now possible to select either an aerobic or anaerobic reaction in the biological reaction system. It has also become possible to easily cultivate sexually active microorganisms.

Furthermore, since this device controls the stirring conditions of the culture medium using a computer, it is possible to perform gentle stirring, which has been shown to be effective in maintaining protozoa that do not have strong cell walls.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a rotary reactor according to an example. Figure 2 shows the change in the number of protosia in the reaction bag type reaction tank during the biological reaction test period, and Figure 3 shows the change in pH.
And FIG. 4 shows changes in volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. The symbols in FIG. 1 have the following meanings. 2... Culture tank, 3... Reaction bag, 4...
...Particles for stirring/grinding, 5...Rotating device, 6...Reaction bag attachment rod, 7...Cylinder, 8...Rotating shaft, 9...
Drive motor, 10... constant temperature water tank, 11... circulation pump, 12... control panel, 13... computer. Figure 1 Culture time (hours) Control + Fe Culture time (hours) Control 10 Fe 3 fields

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reaction bag for carrying out a biological reaction and/or a chemical reaction on a substrate in the presence of a biological or chemical substance;
A rotation device to which a reaction bag is attached and accelerates the reaction by stirring and grinding the substrate, a drive device to rotate the rotation device in any direction and speed, and a constant temperature device to keep the liquid temperature in the reaction tank constant. A rotary reactor consisting of a drive device and a control device that controls a constant temperature device. 2. The rotary reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reaction bag comprises a plastic bag with a zipper and particles for stirring and grinding inside the bag. 3. The rotation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotation device comprises a cylinder made of acrylic resin, a reaction bag attachment rod that presses the reaction bag against the back surface of the cylinder with a spring, and a rotation shaft that transmits the rotational movement of the drive device to the cylinder. formula reactor. 4. Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the drive device comprises a drive motor and a mechanism for transmitting its power to the rotating device.
Rotary reactor as described. 5. The constant temperature device consists of a constant temperature water tank and a circulation pump 1, 2
, 3 or 4. The rotary reactor according to . 6. Claim 1, wherein the control device comprises a computer and an interface that control the movement of the drive device, and a temperature control device that controls the temperature of the liquid in the reaction tank in which the rotating device is installed.
, 2, 3, 4 or 5.