JPH04190363A - Endless belt-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an endless belt type electronic photosensitive body protected from occurrence of cracks of a photosensitive layer by setting the circumferential elasticity modulus of the photosensitive body to 2X10<7>(N/m<2>) or more. CONSTITUTION:The circumferential elasticity modulus of a photosensitive body is set to 2X10<7>(N/m<2>) or more. In this case, the material of a supporting body may be nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, beryllium copper, or the like, which can be fabricated, for example, by electroforming etc. as a seamless endless belt. A photosensitive layer may be either single-layer type or multiple layer type. This prevents occurrence of cracks in the photosensitive layer and provides clear copy images without abnormal images, such as white-spotted images.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The dud is related to an endless belt-like electrophotographic photoreceptor.

[Conventional technology]

Electrophotographic photoreceptors are basically constructed by providing a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, and there are various shapes thereof, such as a cylindrical shape and an endless belt shape.

Among these, the endless belt-shaped photoreceptor has the advantage of allowing a greater degree of freedom in the arrangement of a charging system, an exposure system, a developing system, a transfer system, a cleaning system, and the like. When an endless belt-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor is used in an electrophotographic process, two or more rollers are used to drive the photoreceptor.

As one of such endless bell-shaped photoreceptors, one using a seamless belt mainly made of nickel as a support has been proposed.
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 11774. The seamless belt described herein is obtained by forming a thin nickel layer of a predetermined thickness on the outer surface of a cylindrical mandrel made of chrome or stainless steel, and then peeling the thin nickel layer from the mandrel. But.

Among such nickel seamless belts, the thickness is 5
In electrophotographic photoreceptors using ~15 μm as a support, if the copy cycle is repeated many times, cranks will occur in the photosensitive layer, and cracks will become white spot-like image defects in positive-positive development. .

Although it is not an electrophotographic photoreceptor, it is a seamless belt-shaped insulating support formed by centrifugal molding using a thermosetting resin and has a Young's modulus of 350 kg/2 or more, on which a conductive layer and a dielectric layer are laminated. An electrostatic recording medium has also been proposed (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 61-203460).

However, the seamless belt-like insulating support described herein cannot be used as is as a seamless belt-like conductive support in an electrophotographic photoreceptor. The reason for this is that when the thickness of the support changes, the circumferential elastic modulus of the recording medium changes, and therefore the circumferential elastic modulus of the recording medium cannot be defined by Young's modulus alone.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art and provides an end-level electrophotographic photoreceptor in which cracks in the photosensitive layer are prevented.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted extensive research to achieve the above two objects, and have found that conventional endless belt-shaped photoreceptors typically have a roller spacing of 9.8 N/m to 39 N/m. The belt is stretched with a tension of 20 ON/m, but when it is started by a drive roller, a tension horn of about 5 times the tension J, or a maximum of 20 ON/m, is applied in the circumferential direction of the belt. Directional elastic modulus is 2
It has been found that when the photoreceptor is at least X IO'N/m2, cracks do not occur in the photosensitive layer even when the photoreceptor is used repeatedly. The present invention has been made based on this knowledge.

Therefore, the endless belt-shaped photoreceptor of this MIlr4 is an endless belt photoreceptor that is stretched between a plurality of rollers and rotated, and the circumferential elastic modulus of the photoreceptor is 2X.
10' (N/m2) or more.

The circumferential elastic modulus is defined by the following formula.

--(Here, circumferential tension per unit width of T (N/m)△
Q △Q: Elongation in the circumferential direction of the photoreceptor at tension T (
m). ) The actual method for measuring the circumferential intelligence rate is as described below.
This is done by making a No. 1 test piece in accordance with JIS K 63, and subjecting it to a universal tension and compression tester.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below.

Support materials include ninkel, cobalt, and copper.

Examples include iron, beryllium copper, etc., and these can be produced as seamless endless bolts by, for example, electroforming. Metals such as stainless steel, iron, and copper that can be welded into an endless belt are also used as materials for the conductive support. Furthermore, a material in which a conductive material is laminated on a synthetic resin such as polyester or polyimide can also be used.

The photosensitive layer of the present invention may be of either a single layer type or a laminated type.

In a single-layer electrophotographic photoreceptor, the photosensitive layer is CdS, Cd
Se, Se, dye-sensitized inorganic photoconductive powders such as 7 and nO, phthalocyanine, azo pigments, indigo pigments,
Organic pigments such as perylene pigments, polyvinyl carbazole, oxazole derivatives, triphenylamine derivatives,
It is manufactured by applying a coating liquid in which a charge transporting substance such as pyrazoline, phenylhydrazones, and α-stilbene derivatives and a binder resin are dispersed in a suitable organic solvent.

In the case of a laminated electrophotographic photoreceptor consisting of an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer, the undercoat layer is made of polyamide, polyhinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acecool, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl methyl ether, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl methyl ether, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl butyral, etc. Thermoplastic resins such as N-vinylimidasol, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, casein, gelatin, thermosetting resins such as phenol, urea resin, melamine, aniline, alkyd, unsaturated polyester, epoxy, etc. It is composed of these resins in which inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, antimony oxide, and tin oxide are dispersed.

The solvents used here are cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, and l.

1-dichloroethane, ], 2-dichloroethane, l,
1.2-trichloroethane, 1,1,2.2-tetrachloroethane, monochlorobenzene, methanol, ethanol, butanol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl-〇-amyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl Ketone, cyclohexanone, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and the like are preferred.

The thickness of the undercoat layer is 0.1 to 10, preferably 0.3 to 5.
It is about the size of a μ shoulder.

Even if the charge generation layer is formed only from a charge generation substance,
Alternatively, the charge generating material may be uniformly dispersed in the binder. The charge generating material is therefore formed by dispersing these components in a suitable solvent, applying this onto the undercoat layer, and drying it.

Examples of charge-generating substances include CI Pigment Blue 25 (Color Index (CI) 21180), CI Pigment Trend 41 (CI 21200), CI Acid Red 52 (CI 45100), CI Basic Red 3 (CI 45210), and the like. Phthalocyanine pigments with 5-porphyrin ↑ 1., azo pigments with carbazole skeleton (JP-A-53-9
5033), ab pigments having a stilbene skeleton (described in JP-A-53-138229), and azo pigments having a distyrylbenzene group (JP-A-53-138229).
133455), azo pigments having a liphenylamine skeleton (described in JP-A-53-132547), azo pigments having a dibenzothiophene skeleton (
(described in JP-A-54-217211), azo pigments having an oxadiazole skeleton (described in JP-A-54-12742);
(described in the publication), azo pigments with a fluorenone skeleton (
(described in JP-A-54-22834), azo pigments having a bisstilbene skeleton (described in JP-A-54-17733), 5 azo pigments having a distyryloxadiazole skeleton (described in JP-A-54-2129) described in the official gazette), an ab pigment having a distyrylcarbazole skeleton (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1983
-17734), trisazo pigments having a carbazole skeleton (described in JP-A-57-195767,
57-1957511), phthalocyanine pigments such as CI Pigment Blue 16 (CI 74100), CI Bat Brown 5 (CI
73410), CI 7303
Indigo pigments such as 0), perylene pigments such as Argo Scarlet B (manufactured by Violet), perylene pigments such as Indane Scarlet Sotho R (manufactured by Bayer), organic pigments such as square link pigments: Se, Se joint venture, Cds, Amorphous 3
Inorganic pigments of the 1st grade can be used.

Binder resins include polyamide, polyurethane,
Polyester, epoxy resin, polyketone, polycarbonate, silicone resin, acrylic resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl ketone,
Polystyrene, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, polyacrylamide, etc. are used.

The appropriate amount of the binder resin is 5 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the charge generating material.

Solvents used here include tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, dioxane, dichloroethane, cyclohexane, methyl ethyl ketone, 1.1.2-h dichloroethane, 1,1,2.2-tetrachloroethane, dichloromethane, ethyl cellosolve, etc., or a mixed solvent thereof. preferable.

The average thickness of the charge generation layer is about 0.01 to 2 μm, preferably about 0.1 to lpH.

The charge transport layer is formed by dissolving a charge transfer substance, a binder resin, and, if necessary, a plasticizer and a leveling agent in a suitable solvent, coating the solution on the charge generation layer, and drying the solution.

As charge transport substances, boryl N-vinylcarbazole and its derivatives, poly γ-carbazolylethyl glutamate and its derivatives, pyrene-formaldehyde condensate and its derivatives, polyvinylpyrene, polyvinylphenanthrene, oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole speech conductor, triphenylamine derivative,
9-(P-diethylaminostyryl)anthracene, 1
, 1-dos(4-dibenzylaminophenyl)propane, styryluane i-hracene, styrylpyrazoline, phenylpyrazolines, and α-stilbene derivatives.

Binder resins include polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, polyester,
Polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride,
Polyacrylate) resin, phenoxy resin, polycarbonate, cellulose acetate resin, ethyl cellulose resin,
Examples include thermoplastic or thermosetting resins such as polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyltoluene, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, acrylic resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin, urethane resin, phenol resin, and alkyd resin.

Solvents for forming the charge transport layer include tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, toluene, monochlorobenzene,
Preferred are 1,2-dichloroethane, cyclohegisanone, methylene chloride, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, and mixed solvents thereof. The thickness of the charge transport layer is 10-10
0 μL, preferably 20 to 40 μL.

Further, a protective layer may be provided on the charge transport layer.

This protective layer can be formed of a layer in which ultrafine metal or metal oxide powder is dispersed in a binder resin.

The binder resin is preferably one that is substantially transparent to visible and infrared light and has excellent electrical insulation, mechanical strength, and adhesive properties. For example, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin,
Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, silicone resin, alkyd resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, cyclized butadiene rubber, fluorine resin, etc. can be used. Gold as a metal powder.

Silver, aluminum, iron, copper, nickel, metal oxides include zinc oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, bismuth oxide,
Antimony oxide, indium oxide, etc. can be used.

The composition ratio of the binder resin and metal or metal oxide in the protective layer varies depending on the combination of materials, but binder resin 1 (if)
5 to 50 parts by weight of metal or gold JIr4 oxide
It is used in a range of 0 parts by weight.

The thickness of the protective layer can be set between 0.5 and 30 μI as necessary.

Next, a method for coating the photosensitive layer will be explained. As the photosensitive layer, an organic photosensitive layer is preferably used, and its coating method includes dip coating, spray coating, curtain coating, nozzle coating, and the like.

Here, as a typical example, a case will be described in which a photosensitive layer is formed using a dip coating method or a spray coating method.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a dip coating apparatus used in the present invention.

A nickel seamless belt is fitted with a belt support 1.

A pattern is shown in which a coating film 15 is formed by pulling up the belt support 1 from the coating liquid 3 in the coating container 2. To pull up the belt support I, the rotation of the motor 5 is transmitted to the belt pulley 14 by the endless belt I2, the threaded rod 6 fixed by the bearing 16 is rotated by the belt pulley 14, and the female screw 8 is moved up and down according to this rotation. It is done.

Lid 4 are arranged above and below the belt support 1, and are provided to prevent the inner surface of the belt support 1 from being immersed in the coating liquid 3 when the belt support LI is immersed in the coating liquid 3. A fixing member 9 is attached to the upper M4, and this fixing member 9 is fixed to the support rod 7 with a screw 10.

The support rod 7 is fixed to the female thread 8 by a fixing member II,
The support body 1 is configured to move up and down in accordance with the up and down movement of the female screw 8.

The thickness of the coating film 15 is controlled by the coating device control section 13 by adjusting the rotation speed of the motor 5 and controlling the pulling speed.

FIG. 2 shows an outline of the spray coating device.

The endless belt is attached to a belt support 17.

The heald support 17 is mounted horizontally and rotates in a constant direction at a constant speed by rotating a belt 2o wrapped around a pulley 19 of a central shaft 18. A spray gun 21 is installed nearby. The spray gun 21 has a base 22 attached to a scanning device 23 such as a screw installed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the belt support 17, and a pipe 25 for guiding carrier gas to a jetting nozzle 24 at the tip, and a pipe 25 for introducing the coating liquid. A coating liquid vibrator 27 from a tank 26 is connected to the piping, and is configured to suction the coating liquid by jetting carrier gas from the jetting nozzle 14 and jetting it out together with the coating liquid.A gas pressure regulating valve 28 is attached to the vibrator 25. It is being

The application of the photosensitive layer is carried out by rotating an endless belt attached to the belt support 17, and scanning the spray gun with the scanning device 23, while applying the coating liquid in the coating liquid tank 26 together with the carrier gas adjusted by the gas pressure regulating valve 28. This is done by squirting and spraying it onto the endless belt.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 Titanium oxide (TA-300 manufactured by Fuji Titanium Industries Co., Ltd.) 30 g
Methanol solution of copolymerized nylon (CM8000 manufactured by Toshi Co., Ltd.) (li!if type content approximately 15.4v1%)]
334.6g ion exchange water 1
A mixture consisting of 3.1 g was taken into a ball millbot, and a φIO+nm alumina ball was used as the mill part.
After ball milling for 4 hours, copolymerized nylon (CM
8000 manufactured by Toshisha Co., Ltd.) methanol solution (solid content 15.4
%) was added and milling was continued for an additional hour.

After milling, add methanol + 05 g and 1112.5 g of 1-buknol to dilute, stir, and solid content concentration 1.
A 32v1% subbing layer coating solution was prepared.

This subbing layer coating solution is immersed in the liquid as shown in Figure 1. Nickel seamless bell made by @casting method using a cast coating device
-(Circumference: approx. 400mm, width: approx. 300o+m, thickness: approx. 30mm
P+1) L-" was applied by dip coating at a speed of 6 mm/sec, and heated and dried at 130°C for 10 minutes to form a film with a thickness of approximately 1.5
A pm subbing layer was formed.

On the other hand, a trisazo pigment (manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd., 112.5 g) having the following composition (1):
Butyral resin (XYI ratio, manufactured by UCC) 2
．． 1g cyclohexanone (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 18
Take a mixture consisting of 2.5g in a ball mill pot and add φ+
After ball milling for 48 hours using 0SUS balls, 300 g of cyclohexanone was further added and milling was carried out for 1 hour. After milling, the mill base was taken out, diluted with cyclohexanone to a solid concentration of 1.8w1%, and stirred to prepare a coating solution for forming a charge generation layer.

This coating solution was applied by dip coating at a lifting speed of 5 m+a/sec, and then heated and dried at 130°C for 10 minutes to achieve a film thickness of approximately 0.
．． A charge generation layer was formed for 1 μs.

Next, 90 g of a charge transport material having the following composition and formula (H) (manufactured by Ricoh)
Silicone oil (KF-50, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. 10.0
02g dichloromethane (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 8
66g of charge transport layer coating solution was adjusted, and the drawing speed (
imm/S and heat-dried at 130° C. for 20 minutes to form a charge transport layer with a thickness of about 22p11, thereby producing a photoreceptor of the present invention.

Example 2 In Example 1, the support was a polyester seamless belt (circumference: about 400 mm) in which aluminum was vapor-deposited to about 800 mm instead of the nickel seamless belt.

A photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a material with a convergence of about 300+++n and a thickness of about 270 μm was used.

Example 3 Titanium oxide (8-100, manufactured by Ishikata Sangyo Co., Ltd.) 16
0g Methyl ethyl ketone (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 101
．． A mixture consisting of 4 g was placed in a ball mill pot, and after ball milling for 24 hours using φ10 alumina balls as mill members, methyl ethyl ketone 155
．． 6g was added and milled for 1 hour.

After milling, the mill base was taken out and the solid content concentration was 15v1%, methyl ethyl ketone/cyclohexanone =
Methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexane were added to dilute the solution and stirred to prepare an undercoat layer coating solution.

This coating solution was applied to a stainless steel endless belt (circumference length of about 400 mm, width of about 300 mm+, thickness of about 25 μs) using the spray coating device shown in Figure 2 under the following spray conditions, and then heated at 150°C for 20 minutes. Heat drying was performed to form a subbing layer with a thickness of about 3 tones.

Undercoat layer spray conditions> Spray pressure horn 3kg/
cJ Spray nozzle distance between supports M l00m
+n Support rotation speed 50+p
m Spray nozzle scan speed 4/sec Coating liquid discharge rate 3 cc/min Number of scans 2 Next, the charge generation layer coating liquid prepared in Example 1 was diluted with cyclohexanone (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) to determine the solid content concentration. A 0.9v1% charge generation layer coating solution was prepared and applied under the following spray conditions.
Heat-drying was performed at 30° C. for 20 minutes to form a charge generation layer with a thickness of about 0.1 inch.

<Charge generation layer spray coating conditions> Spray pressure 3kg/cd Distance between spray nozzle and support 120mm Support rotation speed 70+pra Spray nozzle scanning speed 5mm/sec Coating liquid discharge amount 2.2ce/min Number of scans
Seven times, the following composition charge transport material (formerly manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.) 7 g silicone oil (KF-50, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. > 0.0
02g Tetrahydrofuran (Kanto Kagakusha 1) 8
3g cyclohexanone (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 15
A charge transport layer coating solution of 0 g was prepared and applied under the spray coating conditions shown below in the same manner as the undercoat layer and charge generation layer, and heated and dried at 160°C for 60 minutes to form a charge transport layer with a thickness of approximately 25 μm. A photoreceptor of the present invention was prepared by forming a transport layer.

Charge generation layer spray coating conditions> Spray pressure 1.5kg/cn
f Distance between spray nozzle and support 80 mm Support rotation speed 6 Or pm Spray nozzle scan speed 5 mm/sec Coating liquid discharge amount 14 cc/min Number of scans
8th Example 4 Copolymerized nylon (CM8000. manufactured by Toshisha Co., Ltd.)
10g methanol (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) +
A coating liquid for the undercoat layer consisting of 6gg1-butanol (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 72z was prepared, and a copper seamless belt (circumference: about 400 mm,
A subbing layer having a thickness of about 0.32 pm was coated on a substrate having a width of about 300 mm and a thickness of about 50 mm under the following spray coating conditions.

<Undercoat layer spray coating conditions> Spray pressure) 1.5 kg/
aJ Spray nozzle distance between supports N130mm Support rotation speed 73+pm Spray nozzle scan speed 4trm/sec Coating discharge amount
1.7cc/min number of scans
7 timesMeanwhile, bisazo pigment (manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.) with the following composition formula (m) 20
A mixture consisting of 380 g of cyclohexane was placed in a ball mill bot, and after ball milling for 48 hours using IOm [Ilφ SUS balls as milling members, 400 g of cyclohexane was added.
was added and milled for 1 hour.

After milling, the millbase was taken out, diluted with cyclohexanone so that the solid content concentration was about 0.8% by weight, and stirred to prepare a dispersion for forming a charge generation layer.

This coating solution was applied under the following spray conditions and dried by heating at 1.degree. 0.degree. C. for 10 minutes to form a charge generation layer having a thickness of about 0.1 .mu.m.

<Charge generation layer spray coating conditions> Spray pressure 1.5kg/cr
l Distance between spray nozzle and support 1'tft 9
0mm support rotation speed 73rp
m Spray nozzle scan speed: 4 mm/sec Coating liquid discharge rate: 2.5 cc/min Number of scans: 9 times Subsequently, a charge transport layer coating liquid having the following composition was prepared.

Charge transport material (■) (manufactured by Ricoh) 7g
Polycarbonate resin (C-1400゜manufactured by Shusho Kasei Co., Ltd.)
10g silicone: I7 oil (KF-50, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.002, 83g of tetrahydrofuran (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) 150g cyclohexanone (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) 150g C211° This coating liquid was applied under the following spray conditions, The photoreceptor of the present invention was prepared by heating and drying at .degree. C. for 60 minutes to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of about 22 tones.

Charge transport layer spray coating conditions> Spray pressure) 1.5kg/
c + J distance between spray nozzle and support 8 o Number of rotations of support 60 t pm Spray nozzle scan speed 5II + m/sec Coating liquid discharge amount 12.3 cc/min Number of sprays 8 times Example 5 In Example 4, the support was made of copper. Polyimide seamless belt (perimeter: 400 mm) instead of seamless belt
A photoreceptor was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 4, except that sleeve K) manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation was used.

Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, the conductive support was replaced with a polyester seamless belt (circumferential length: 400 mm, width: approximately 3 mm) on which aluminum was deposited instead of the nickel seamless belt.
A comparative photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a photoreceptor having a diameter of 0.00 mm, a thickness of about 56 tones, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used.

Comparative Example 2 An undercoat layer and a charge generation layer were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a nickel seamless belt having a thickness of 10 tones was used as the support.

The charge transport layer was coated on the charge transport layer by dip coating using the charge transport layer coating solution used in Example I.
Drying was performed at 0° C. for 20 minutes to form a charge transport layer with a thickness of about 20 μs, thereby producing a photoreceptor of a comparative example.

The photoreceptors of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 prepared in this manner were then used using an electrostatic laser facsimile machine (Refanolas 5).
Image evaluation was performed using an electrostatic copying machine (Mycopeat 1O, manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.) and the photoreceptors of Examples A and 5.

For the circumferential elastic modulus of the photoreceptor, a JIS K 63 old No. 1 test piece was prepared, and a universal tension compression tester (TCM 20O
The measurement was carried out using a CR type (manufactured by Minevia). These results are shown in Table-1.

Table 1 [Effects] As is clear from the results in Table 1, the endless belt-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention prevents cracks in the photosensitive layer even if it is repeatedly used, so white spot images, etc. Provides a clear copy image without any abnormal images.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of a dip coating device and a spray coating device used for manufacturing the photoreceptor of the present invention.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An endless belt photoreceptor that is stretched and circulated between a plurality of rollers, characterized in that the photoreceptor has a circumferential elastic modulus of 2×10^7 (N/m^2) or more. Endless belt-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor. (2) 9.8 to 39 per unit width between the plurality of rollers
The endless belt-shaped electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, which is stretched and circulated with a tension of (N/m).