JPH0419241Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a wet type multi-disc clutch used as a power transmission clutch or brake device for large rotary power equipment, particularly a wet type multi-disc clutch equipped with a cooling device. It is.

(Prior art) As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a wet type multi-plate clutch disconnects (ON-OFF) multiple clutch plates 2 disposed at the end of a driving shaft 1. Accordingly, it is configured to transmit power or to cut off power transmission between the driving shaft 1 and the driven shaft (in the case of a brake device, the driving shaft and the fixed shaft (body)). For example, to explain the case where it is used as a brake device, a rotating disk body 4 having an outer peripheral surface parallel to the axis is extended from a driving shaft 1 rotatably supported by a bearing 3. With,
A cylindrical fixing member (which serves as a driven shaft in the case of a power transmission clutch) is disposed such that its outer circumferential surface faces the inner circumferential surface radially outward. A friction plate 5 constituting a part of a multi-plate clutch plate 2 is placed on the outer peripheral surface of the driving shaft 1 in the axial direction of the driving shaft 1 so that its contact surface is perpendicular to the driving shaft 1. A plurality of pieces are arranged so as to be movably engaged in the rotational direction. Further, a mating plate 6 constituting a part of the multi-plate clutch plate 2 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the fixed member so as to be interposed between each of the friction plates 5, and is movable in the axial direction with respect to the fixed member. In addition, a plurality of plates are arranged so as to be engaged in the rotational direction.

A hydraulic piston 9 that receives pressure oil from the pressure oil inlet 10 and protrudes is arranged so as to be able to protrude and retract to the side of the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6, and is arranged between the fixing member and the hydraulic piston. Between 9 and
A spring (coil spring) 13 is provided to press these in a direction to separate them.

Then, when pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic piston 9, the hydraulic piston 9 presses the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6 from the sides to bring them into pressure contact, and the clutch is activated (“ON”). ) state. Also,
When the supply of the pressure oil is stopped, the spring 13
Due to the extension force, the hydraulic piston 9 retreats to its original state, the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6 are separated, and the clutch becomes inactive (“off”).

By the way, in the case of a large wet type multi-disc clutch, since the frictional heat generated during the press-contact process or the press-contact state between the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6 becomes quite large, it is necessary to absorb this friction heat and discharge it to the outside. A cooling device (cooling mechanism) is provided.

This cooling device, for example, has a shallow oil groove cut on the surface of the friction plate 5, and uses centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the driving shaft 1 to supply clutch cooling oil from an oil supply port 7 on the inner circumference. The oil is configured to flow through the oil groove from the inside to the outside in the radial direction, absorbing frictional heat in this process, and discharging it from the oil drain port 8.

In addition, in FIG. 4, 11 is a support fitting 11,
This support fitting 11 supports the mating plate 6 on the fixed member side so as to be movable in the axial direction and engaged in the rotational direction. Further, 12 is a bolt 12 for attaching the support fitting 11 to the fixed member side.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the wet multi-plate clutch equipped with the cooling device of the above configuration, as the rotation of the driving shaft 1 becomes faster, the centrifugal force increases in proportion to the square of the angular velocity. As the diameter of the clutch plate increases, the clutch plate becomes proportionally larger, and the above-mentioned cooling oil instantly flows out from the oil filler port 7 in the radial direction without sufficiently absorbing the above-mentioned frictional heat. Therefore, as the rotation of the driving shaft 1 becomes faster and the diameter of the clutch plate becomes larger, the cooling capacity of the cooling device is significantly reduced, resulting in thermal deformation of the friction plate and the mating plate.
Furthermore, seizure may occur and the function of the clutch may be impaired.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a wet multi-plate clutch that is equipped with a cooling means that can effectively cool the friction plate and the mating plate even when rotating at high speed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The wet type multi-plate clutch according to the present invention includes a plurality of friction plates supported on one shaft side of a driving shaft or a driven shaft and configured to be movable in the axial direction. a mating plate interposed between the friction plates, supported on the other shaft side of the driving shaft or the driven shaft, configured to be movable in the axial direction, and having a plurality of through holes radially penetrated within the plate thickness; The clutch is equipped with a piston that presses the friction plate and the mating plate in the axial direction when the clutch is in operation, and a coil spring that expands and returns the piston when the clutch is inactive, and the movement of this piston is used to open and close the valve. In a wet type multi-disc clutch configured to operate to introduce cooling oil from the outside into the press-contact space between the friction plate and the mating plate, the cooling oil communicates with the outer periphery of the press-contact space when the piston is in the operating state. The inlet is configured so that a portion thereof comes into contact with the piston to close it when the piston is not in operation, and the cooling oil outlet is configured to be connected to the coil of the member that supports the coil spring on the side opposite to the piston. It is formed inside the annular part of the annular part that contacts and supports the spring, and when the friction plate and the mating plate come into pressure contact, oil flows in from the cooling oil inlet, and the cooling oil outlet is connected to the coil. The cooling oil is characterized in that it is partitioned and closed by a substantially gap-free cylindrical body formed by contraction of a spring, and is configured to actively supply cooling oil to the through hole of the mating plate.

(Function) Therefore, in the present wet multi-plate clutch having the above configuration, when the clutch is in operation, the cooling oil inlet opens as the piston moves, and cooling oil is supplied to the outer circumferential side of the mating plate. The coil spring contracts and becomes a substantially gap-free cylindrical body, thereby partitioning the area around the cooling oil outlet from the cooling oil flowing from the cooling oil inlet. Therefore, the cooling oil supplied from the cooling oil inlet is collected at the outer periphery of the pressure welding space, and is formed from this outer periphery to the mating plate, regardless of the centrifugal force acting on the friction plate and the mating plate. The cooling oil flows from the outer circumferential side to the inner circumferential side through the through-hole, and due to centrifugal force, the cooling oil flows from the inner circumferential area through the gap between the surfaces where the friction plate and the mating plate are in pressure contact to the outer circumferential side. The oil flows toward the side, forms an oil bath around the friction plate and the mating plate, and effectively absorbs the frictional heat of the friction plate and the mating plate.

After forming an oil bath, the cooling oil that has absorbed the frictional heat of the friction plate and the mating plate flows out through a small gap in the substantially cylindrical spring.

In this way, the cooling oil removes the frictional heat from the friction plate and the mating plate, thereby effectively cooling them.

Therefore, unlike in the past, cooling oil does not pass instantaneously due to centrifugal force, resulting in oil shortage and insufficient cooling.

Furthermore, when the clutch is inactive, the cooling oil remaining on the inner periphery of the friction plate and the mating plate is moved by centrifugal force to the outer periphery and the extending coil through the through hole of the mating plate. The cooling oil is discharged to the outside through the gap between the springs, and at this time, the cooling oil is removed from the surfaces of the friction plate and the mating plate, thereby eliminating the tangle of the cooling oil between the friction plate and the mating plate due to the viscosity of the oil.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the clutch in its non-operating state;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the operating state of the clutch.

A through hole 14 as shown in FIG. 1 is located at the center of the plate thickness of the mating plate 6 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
However, multiple lines are provided in a radial manner.

Also, like the conventional multi-plate clutch, the mating plates 6 and the corresponding friction plates 5 are arranged so that one engages with the driving shaft and the other with the driven shaft or fixed member in the rotational direction, respectively. It is arranged to be movable in the axial direction.

A piston 9 is disposed on the side of the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6 to press them together.

Moreover, between the piston 9 and the fixed member,
A spring (coil spring) 13 is disposed, and the inside of the annular portion that is in contact with the seat surface of the spring 13, that is, the fixed member on the opposite side of the piston that supports the spring 13, is provided with a cooling coil. An oil outlet 15 is provided. When pressure oil is not supplied to the piston 9, the spring 13 expands to separate the piston 9 from the mating plate 6, and when pressure oil is supplied to the piston 9, it is compressed by the pressure and the spring Adjacent wire rods come into contact with each other to form a cylindrical body that is substantially gapless as a whole (more precisely, there are small gaps between each wire rod).

Further, a part of the piston 9 (in this embodiment, the piston 9 (back side of the extended part) and the member (fixed member in this example) that comes into contact with the
A cooling oil inlet 16 is formed therein. Further, this cooling oil inlet 16 is configured to be closed by a portion (back surface) of the piston 9 when the piston 9 is in a non-operating state.

Incidentally, like the conventional multi-disc clutch shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in this embodiment as well, a piston-pressing oil inlet 10 is formed in the wall of the cylinder portion that includes the piston 9 so as to be able to protrude therein. The piston 9 is configured to protrude by supplying pressure oil to the piston pressing oil inlet 10.

Therefore, in the present wet type multi-plate clutch having the above structure, in the clutch operating state shown in FIG.
The piston 9 protrudes and presses the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6, and the cooling oil inlet 16, which had been blocked by the extension of the piston 9, opens, and the cooling oil flows from here to the clutch in the press space. It flows into the outer circumference of the plate 2. In this state, the spring 13 is compressed by the protrusion of the piston 9 and becomes a substantially gapless cylindrical body, thereby partitioning the cooling oil outlet 15 from the pressurized space. Therefore, the cooling oil that has flowed into the pressure welding space accumulates on the outer periphery of the clutch plate 2 in the pressure welding space, and regardless of the action of centrifugal force, the cooling oil supply pressure causes
A through hole 1 formed in the mating plate from this outer peripheral part
4 from the outer circumferential side to the inner circumferential side. For this reason,
The area around the friction plate 5 and the mating plate forms an oil bath.

The cooling oil in the form of an oil bath is then discharged from the cooling oil outlet 15 through a small gap in the spring 13, which has a substantially gap-free cylindrical shape. In this process, the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6
A part of the cooling oil that has flowed into the inner circumferential portion of the inner circumferential portion flows back toward the outer circumferential side through the gap between the surfaces where the friction plate and the mating plate are in pressure contact, and the surfaces of these friction plates and the mating plate are The oil lubricates the oil and absorbs the heat, and is discharged from the small gap in the spring 13 to the cooling oil outlet 15 as described above.

In this wet type multi-disc clutch, even if the rotation is fast or the diameters of the friction plate and the mating plate are large, as mentioned above, the cooling oil is abundant around the friction plate and the mating plate, and the friction between them is maintained. This effectively removes heat.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the clutch is in the inoperative state, the cooling oil remaining on the inner circumferences of the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6 is caused by centrifugal force to penetrate the through hole of the mating plate. The cooling oil is removed from the surfaces of the friction plate 5 and the mating plate 6, and the viscosity of the cooling oil causes the friction plate to be 5 and the mating plate 6 from rotating together.

(Effects of the invention) The wet multi-plate clutch according to the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, so it can be used to power large rotary power equipment that rotates quickly or has large diameter clutch plates (friction plates and mating plates). When used in transmission clutches or brake devices, there is no risk of seizure or damage to the pressure contact surface (friction surface) of the clutch plate due to lack of oil or insufficient cooling.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent damage to large clutches of large rotary power equipment, etc., which would require a huge amount of expense.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged side sectional view of the vicinity of the clutch plate when the clutch is in a non-operating state for explaining the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an enlarged side sectional view of the clutch in an operating state, Fig. 3 is an overall side sectional view showing the structure of a general wet multi-disc clutch, and Fig. 4 is a view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 3. (left half) and a view in the direction of arrow B (right half). 1... Driving shaft, 2... Clutch plate (5... Friction plate, 6... Mating plate), 9... Piston, 10...
Piston pressing oil inlet, 13...Spring, 1
4...Through hole, 15...Cooling oil outlet, 16...
...Cooling oil inlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A plurality of friction plates supported on one shaft side of a driving shaft or a driven shaft and configured to be movable in the axial direction; A mating plate is supported on the other shaft side of the shaft and configured to be movable in the axial direction, and has a plurality of through holes radially passing through the plate thickness, and when the clutch is in operation, the friction plate and the mating plate are connected to the shaft. It is equipped with a piston that presses the piston in the opposite direction, and a coil spring that expands and returns the piston when it becomes inactive, and the movement of the piston is used to open and close the valve to press the friction plate and the mating plate. In a wet multi-disc clutch configured to introduce cooling oil from the outside into a space, a cooling oil inlet that communicates with the outer circumference of the pressurized space when the piston is in operation is connected to a cooling oil inlet that communicates with the outer circumference of the pressurized space when the piston is inactive. , a part of which contacts and closes the cooling oil outlet, and the cooling oil outlet is connected to the annular inner part of the annular part of the member that supports the coil spring on the side opposite to the piston that contacts and supports the coil spring. When the friction plate and the mating plate come into pressure contact, oil is allowed to flow in from the cooling oil inlet, and the cooling oil outlet is formed into a substantially gapless hole formed by the contraction of the coil spring. A wet type multi-plate clutch characterized in that the clutch is partitioned and closed by a cylindrical body having a shape, and configured to actively supply cooling oil to the through hole of the mating plate.