JPH0419366B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a silencer for muffling the exhaust gas noise of various engines using gas, gasoline, light oil, etc. as fuel, and particularly to a silencer that muffles exhaust gas noise by providing a heat exchanger. This invention relates to a silencer with a heat exchanger that can also perform exhaust heat recovery at the same time.

[Prior Art] Generally, various engines are equipped with a silencer to prevent exhaust gas noise, and the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is exhausted to the outside through the silencer.

Reflecting recent trends in energy conservation, attempts have been made to recover heat from exhaust gas from engines and the like to improve overall energy efficiency.

Specifically, a heat exchanger is provided between the engine and the silencer, and the exhaust gas is configured to recover heat in the heat exchanger and then be discharged to the outside via the silencer.

If the heat exchanger and silencer are separate bodies, not only will the device system be complicated, but it will also require a large installation space. Therefore, with the aim of making the device system more compact, devices have been proposed in which a silencer and a heat exchanger are integrated.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of such a silencer 1 with an integrated exhaust gas heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as an external water chamber type silencer 1). A major feature of this heat exchanger is that a water chamber 2 is provided on the outside thereof, and an exhaust gas circulation space 3 is provided inside the heat exchanger covered with this water chamber 2. Exhaust gas distribution space 3
is divided into a plurality of chambers by partition walls 4, and heat transfer tubes 5 provided through these partition walls 4 communicate the header portions 2a, 2b of the water chamber 2. An exhaust gas pipe 6 having a silencing function is provided on the outside of the portion of the heat exchanger tube 5 that penetrates the partition wall 4 to communicate the divided chambers. Exhaust gas entering the circulation space 3 from the inlet pipe 7 passes through the exhaust gas pipe 6, passes through each divided chamber, and is exhausted to the outside from the exhaust pipe 8. Water, which is a fluid to be heated, is introduced from the inlet 9, recovers heat from the exhaust gas in each heat transfer tube 5, etc., and then is discharged to the outside from the outlet 10.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] A complicated integrated structure in which a large number of double pipes are arranged inside the water chamber 2 has a problem in that it is difficult to actually manufacture it. In addition, not only is the cost of actual production high, but in the case of the structure described above, it has to be a one-piece structure by welding, which makes later maintenance (cleaning, parts replacement, etc.) impossible. I get used to it. Also, depending on the engine system to which this device is installed, there may be cases where the heat exchanger part does not pass water and must be used in an empty state, but the welded integral structure absorbs expansion due to heat. It is difficult to use air-fired.

Furthermore, in the external water chamber type silencer 1 in which the exhaust gas circulation space 3 is covered with the water chamber 2, the transmitted sound of the exhaust gas changes greatly depending on the presence or absence of water flow, resulting in fluctuations in the muffling performance.

Furthermore, even if an attempt is made to provide a sound absorbing material to the silencer 1 in order to obtain higher silencing performance, the heat transfer effect of the external water chamber type silencer 1 will be reduced, so it is not possible to provide the sound absorbing material on the inner surface.
There was also the problem that almost no sound absorption effect could be obtained even if it was provided on the outside surface.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has a simple structure in which the heat exchanger is detachable, so it is easy to manufacture and maintain, and is suitable for dry-fired use. To provide a silencer with a heat exchanger to which accessory devices for application can be easily attached and which can effectively exhibit the functions of a heat exchanger and a silencer independently.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Means for achieving the above object will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

That is, in the present invention, an exhaust gas inlet (introduction pipe 37) is provided at one end and an exhaust gas outlet (exhaust pipe 56) is provided at the other end, so that the exhaust gas introduced from the inlet becomes the internal exhaust gas. A silencer base body 28 having a sealed housing structure that is muffled by moving while repeatedly expanding and contracting in the circulation space 31 and being discharged from the discharge port, an inlet side header 48 and an outlet side header 50 provided opposite to each other. A heat exchanger 39 in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes 42 are installed between the heat exchanger 39 and the refrigerant liquid (water) flowing in from the inlet side header 48 flows out from the outlet side header 50 through the heat transfer tubes 42;
Equipped with:

Accordingly, in the present invention, the heat exchanger 39 is arranged in the exhaust gas circulation space 3 inside the silencer base 28.
1 includes end plates 25 at both ends of the silencer base 28,
The outer periphery of one header (inlet side header 48) of the heat exchanger 32 and the inner periphery of the opening of the opposite end plate 25 of the silencer base 28 are provided so as to be freely insertable and removable through an opening formed in an opposing portion of the silencer base 26. The heat exchanger 32 is removably closed and fixed via a closing member.
The outer periphery of the other header (outlet header 50) and the inner periphery of the opening of the opposing end plate 26 of the silencer base 28 can be freely attached and detached via a closing member and a telescopic tube (bellows 53) extending in the axial direction. A silencer with a heat exchanger is characterized in that it is expandable and contractible in the axial direction and is closed and fixed.

[Function] Heat exchanger tubes 42 forming the heat exchange section of the heat exchanger 39
is inserted into the exhaust gas circulation space 31 inside the silencer base 28, so the external shape of the silencer is expanded even though the silencer is equipped with a heat exchanger 39 to utilize the heat in the exhaust gas. Furthermore, as the exhaust gas moves along the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 42, the silencing function is performed along with the heat transfer, and the silencing function of the silencer is performed regardless of whether or not water flows. Furthermore, even if the heat transfer tubes 42 of the heat exchanger 39 expand or contract due to the influence of heat within the exhaust gas circulation space 31, this is absorbed by the expansion tubes (bellows 53). Furthermore, since the heat exchanger 39 is detachable from the silencer base 28, maintenance is easy.

[Example] The silencer with a heat exchanger of the present invention can be constructed by detachably attaching a heat exchanger to the silencer without impairing the basic structure and function of a conventional silencer. First, the basic structure of a conventional silencer will be briefly explained with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, substantially circular end plates 12 and 13 are fixed to both ends of the opening of the cylindrical drum 11, forming a base 15 of the silencer 14. The inside of the base body 15 is a circulation space 16 for exhaust gas, and the circulation space 16 is divided into a plurality of chambers by partition walls 17. Each chamber is communicated with each other by a plurality of muffling pipes 18, 19, 20, and the exhaust gas entering from the introduction pipe 21 provided on the end plate 12 passes through each muffling pipe 18, 19, 20 and passes through each chamber. , is discharged to the outside from a discharge pipe 22 provided on the other end plate 13. Further, 23 is a sound absorbing material made of rock wool or the like, and is provided on the inner surface of the drum 11 to enhance the sound deadening effect.

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. This embodiment can be configured by leaving the basic structure of the silencer 14 as described above and making some changes to some of the muffling pipes 18 and the like. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, substantially circular end plates 25 and 26 are fixed to both ends of the opening of the cylindrical drum 24, and a base body 28 of a silencer with a heat exchanger 27 (hereinafter referred to as silencer 27) is configured.
A pipe 29 having a diameter slightly smaller than that of the drum 24 is inserted and fixed inside the base body 28, and the circumferential wall of the drum 24 and the circumferential wall of the pipe 29 constitute a double wall, and the hollow part of the double wall is filled with glass wool or It is filled with a sound absorbing material 30 (indicated by broken hatching in the figure) such as rock wool. The cavity inside the double wall is used as the exhaust gas circulation space 31,
The circulation space 31 is approximately 3 mm wide by the partition walls 32 and 33.
It is divided into three spaces 31a, 31b, and 31c. And each of these spaces 31a, 31b, 3
1c are communicated with each other by a plurality of muffling tubes 34, 35, and 36.

One end plate 25 is provided with an exhaust gas introduction pipe 37 . Through this introduction pipe 37, the space 31a
is connected to an exhaust pipe of an external engine, etc., and a muffling pipe 38 having a number of holes 38a is attached to the end of the introduction pipe 37 located within the space 31a.

A muffler pipe 34 is fixedly installed between the end plate 25 and the other end plate 26. This muffling pipe 34 is the third
This corresponds to the silencer pipe 18 in the figure, but
Both end plates 2 are used to insert a heat exchanger 39 to be described later.
It has a structure with openings at 5 and 26. Further, the silencer pipe 3 located within the space 31a and the space 31c
The peripheral wall of 4 is provided with a hole 4 that serves as a flow path for exhaust gas.
A large number of 0 and 41 are formed, and space 3
The exhaust gas flowing into 1a is configured to flow into space 31c through this muffling pipe 34.

A heat exchanger 39 is detachably inserted into the muffling pipe 34. Heat exchanger 39 of this embodiment
In this example, a plurality of heat exchanger tubes 42 are used as a heat exchange section 43. In this heat exchange section 43, both ends of a plurality of heat transfer tubes 42 are each fixed by a pair of disc-shaped tube plates 44, 45, and each heat transfer tube 42 is fixed at a predetermined interval.
It has a configuration that combines two. A plurality of semicircular partition plates 46 are attached to the heat transfer tubes 42 of the heat exchange section 43 at alternate positions, and are configured to disturb the flow of exhaust gas in the muffling tube 34.

The tube plate 44 on the inlet side of the heat exchanger 39 is inserted from one open end of the muffling tube 34 opened in the other end plate 26, and a ring plate 47 is fixed to the outer surface side of the one end plate 25. It is in contact with the inner surface of the gasket via a gasket. The tube plate 44 is integrally fastened to the base body 28 of the silencer 27 by bolts 49 together with an inlet header 48 which is in contact with the outer surface of the ring plate 47 via a gasket. An outlet header 50 is connected to the tube plate 45 on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 39 via a gasket.
A ring-shaped bellows flange 51 is attached to the outlet header 50 via a gasket 51a. These tube sheets 45,
The outlet header 50 and the bellows flange 51 are integrally fastened together by a common bolt 52.
A bellows 53, which is an extensible tube for absorbing the thermal expansion of the heat transfer tube 42, is fixed to one open end of the muffling tube 34. The end of the bellows 53 is formed into a flange shape, and is sandwiched between the bellows flange 51 and the ring plate 54 via the gasket 51a and fixed with bolts 55.

Next, the space 31c and the space 31b are communicated with each other by a muffling pipe 35 provided on the partition wall 33. Also, a discharge pipe 56 fixed to the other end plate 26
One end of a muffling pipe 36 is attached to the muffling pipe 36, and the other end of the muffling pipe 36 penetrates the partition wall 33 and enters the space 31b.
It is open to A pipe 57 for inserting the muffling pipe 36 is fixed between the partition wall 33 and the end plate 26, and a sound absorbing material 58 such as glass wool or rock wool (in the figure) is installed in the gap between the muffling pipe 36 and the pipe 57. , indicated by dashed hatching) are packed together.

Next, the operation of the configuration described above will be explained.

The exhaust gas inlet pipe 37 is connected to the exhaust pipe of an engine, etc., and the inlet header 48 and outlet header 50 of the heat exchanger 39 are used to supply a heated fluid (water in this embodiment) in a heat exchange system (not shown). Connect to the exhaust system.

Water flowing in from the inlet header 48 passes through the heat transfer tubes 42 of the heat exchange section 43 disposed in the exhaust gas circulation space 31 and is discharged from the outlet header 50.

The exhaust gas enters the space 31a from the introduction pipe 37 through the muffler pipe 38, and flows into the muffler pipe 34 through the hole 40. Within the muffler tube 34, the heat of the exhaust gas is conducted to the water via the heat transfer tube 42. In this embodiment, a plurality of partition plates 46 are provided alternately in the heat exchanger tube 42, and the exhaust gas flow inside the muffling tube 34 is controlled by the partition plates 46.
The flow is perpendicular to the heat transfer tubes 42, so that the highest heat transfer coefficient can be obtained.

Then, the exhaust gas enters the space 31c through the hole 41, and further flows into the space 31b through the muffler pipe 35. The exhaust gas passes through the muffling pipe 36 and exits into the exhaust pipe 5.
6 is released to the outside.

The heat exchange part 43 is inserted inside the silencer 27, and since the water in the heat exchange part 43 has no relation to the silencing performance of the silencer 27, the performance of the silencer 27 depends on whether or not water flows to the heat exchanger 39. The silencing performance does not change. Further, unlike the external water chamber type silencer 1, sound absorbing materials 30 and 58 are provided inside the drum 24 and around the muffling pipe 36, so that the sound muffling effect is higher.

Furthermore, since the tube plate 45 on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 39 is attached to the base body 28 of the silencer 27 via the bellows 53, only the silencer 27 can be used without passing water through the heat exchange section 43. . That is, even if the heat transfer tube 42 undergoes thermal expansion, the bellows 5
3 stretches, so there is no risk of damage.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the second embodiment.

In the figure, 60 is a silencer with a heat exchanger 59 (hereinafter referred to as
It is called silencer 59. ), and the base 6
A sound absorbing material 60b is provided on the inner circumferential wall of 0.
Similar to the first embodiment, the circulation space 61 within the base body 60
A plurality of spaces 61a, 6 are separated by partition walls 62, 63.
It is divided into 1b and 61c. And silence pipe 6
4 communicates the space 61a with the space 61c, and the muffler pipe 65 communicates the space 61c with the space 61b.

In the figure, 66 indicates both end plates 6 that pass through the partition walls 62 and 63.
It is a muffling pipe provided protruding from 0a, 60a, and an exhaust gas inlet 67 and an exhaust port 68 are provided in the protruding portion. A heat exchange section 70 of a heat exchanger 69 is provided inside the muffling tube 66 . The structure of the heat exchanger 69 is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, and one tube plate 71 of the heat exchange section 70 is connected to the silencer tube 66.
The other tube plate 72 is attached to the other end of the muffler tube 66 via a bellows 73 as a telescopic tube. Heat exchanger tube 7 of heat exchange section 70
4 is attached with a semicircular partition plate 75 that disturbs the flow of exhaust gas, and a full circular partition plate 76 that divides the space inside the muffler pipe 66 into two.

Therefore, when water is passed through the heat exchanger tube 74 and exhaust gas is introduced from the inlet 67 as shown by arrow A, the exhaust gas flows through the muffler tube 66 and the muffler tube 6 as shown by the broken line arrow.
4, 65, spaces 61a, 61b, 61c, and finally passes through the muffler pipe 66 again to the discharge port 6.
8 to the outside.

In each of the embodiments described above, even if the silencer itself is the same size, by changing the length and number of heat exchanger tubes, the arrangement of partition plates, etc., silencers with heat exchangers having various heat exchange efficiencies can be obtained. It is possible to handle exhaust gas under various conditions.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the silencer with a heat exchanger of the present invention has a simple structure in which the heat exchanger is detachably attached to the silencer base, so it is easy to manufacture and easy to maintain. It's easy to do. Therefore, it can be applied to engines that generate a lot of soot and must be cleaned relatively frequently.

In addition, the heat exchanger tubes serving as the heat exchange part of the heat exchanger are inserted and removed freely into the exhaust gas circulation space inside the silencer base through openings provided on both end plates of the silencer base in the form of a sealed enclosure. Although the silencer is equipped with a heat exchanger to effectively utilize the heat in the exhaust gas, the silencer does not expand in size and can be reduced to the same size as conventional silencers. This has the effect of requiring less installation space.

Furthermore, since one of the headers of the heat exchanger is hermetically attached to the end plate of the silencer base via a telescopic tube, the heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger is connected to the exhaust gas circulation space inside the silencer base. Even if it expands or contracts due to the influence of internal heat, this is absorbed by the expansion tube, providing excellent safety.

Furthermore, since the heat exchanger tube as the heat exchange part of the heat exchanger is inserted into the exhaust gas circulation space inside the silencer base, the exhaust gas has a silencing function as well as heat transfer as it moves around the outer periphery of the heat exchanger tube. The silencer's silencing performance does not change depending on the presence or absence of water flow, and unlike external water chamber type silencers, sound-absorbing materials can be used, so the silencing performance can be improved. There are effects such as being able to.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a structural diagram showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a structural diagram showing an example of a conventionally used silencer.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional silencer with an integrated exhaust gas heat exchanger. 27, 59... Silencer with heat exchanger (silencer), 39, 69... Heat exchanger, 43, 70... Heat exchange part, 30, 58, 61b... Sound absorbing material, 31, 61
...Circulation space, 34, 35, 36, 38, 64, 6
5, 66...muffling pipe, 46, 75... partition plate, 53,
73...Bellows as an expansion tube.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An exhaust gas inlet is provided at one end, an exhaust gas outlet is provided at the other end, and the exhaust gas introduced from the inlet repeatedly expands and contracts within the internal exhaust gas circulation space. A plurality of heat exchanger tubes are installed between a silencer base having a closed housing structure, which is muffled by moving while moving, and is discharged from the discharge port, and an inlet side header and an outlet side header which are provided oppositely. a heat exchanger in which a refrigerant liquid flowing from an inlet header passes through a heat transfer tube and flows out from an outlet header, the heat exchanger having a silencer in an exhaust gas circulation space inside the silencer base. It is provided so that it can be freely inserted and removed by penetrating the openings formed in the opposing parts of the end plates at both ends of the base body, and the outer periphery of one header of the heat exchanger and the inner periphery of the opening of the opposite end plate of the silencer base body are closed. It is removably closed and fixed via a member,
The outer periphery of the other header of the heat converter and the inner periphery of the opening of the opposite end plate of the silencer base are removably and axially telescopically closed via a closing member and a telescoping tube extending in the axial direction. A silencer with a heat converter, characterized in that it is fixed in place. 2. The silencer with a heat converter according to claim 1, wherein a partition plate for disturbing the flow of exhaust gas is attached to a part of the heat exchanger tube of the heat exchanger. 3. The silencer with a heat converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a sound absorbing material is attached to at least one of the inner surface of the silencer base and a muffling tube provided within the base.