JPH04200751A - dehumidifying dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the drying efficiency of grain while eliminating the problem from the aspect of the quality of grain by adjusting the quantity of humidifying air to the first air passage on the basis of the detection data of a means for detecting the moisture of grain in a drying part. CONSTITUTION:The detection data obtained by a moisture detecting means 13 detecting the moisture of grain in a drying part A is inputted to a control means E which in turn controls the operation of dampers 24, 25 and the adjustment of the amount of dehumidifying air to the first air passage 17 on the basis of said data. When the state of stored grain is in a stage evading high temp. drying, the amount of the dehumidifying air flowing to the first air passage 17 is increased and the temp. of the dehumidifying air supplied to the drying part A can be lowered to a degree not bringing about the deterioration of grain. When the state of the stored grain becomes such a stage that the grain may be dried at high temp., the amount of the dehumidifying air flowing to the first air passage is suppressed and humidifying air is supplied to the drying part A to make it possible to enhance the drying efficiency or grain.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a dehumidifying dryer, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a dehumidifying dryer, and more specifically, the present invention includes a condenser for heating introduced outside air and is connected to a drying section that accommodates grain to be dried. a second ventilation passage having an evaporator for dehumidifying introduced outside air and having an outlet to the outside; a bypass passage leading from the first ventilation passage to the second ventilation passage; and the bypass passage. an adjusting means for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air flowing from the second ventilation passage to the first ventilation passage through a passage; a blowing means for acting on the first ventilation passage and the second ventilation passage; The present invention relates to a dehumidifying dryer including a control means for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air.

[Conventional technology]

In the conventional dehumidifying dryer, the adjustment of the adjusting means by the control means allows air to flow from the second ventilation path to the first air passage.
The amount of dehumidified air to the ventilation path is set to a constant condition, the set amount of dehumidified air is introduced into the heated outside air in the first ventilation path, and the air obtained there is consistently used for grain drying. It is designed to be supplied to the drying section.

Specifically, by controlling the control means, the maximum amount of air dehumidified by the evaporator is introduced into the heated outside air, or the amount of dehumidified air into the first ventilation path is controlled by the adjustment means. Air under a constant condition obtained by introducing a set amount of dehumidified air into the heated outside air while setting a constant condition is consistently supplied to the drying section.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

When drying grains using such a conventional dehumidifying dryer, the amount of dehumidified air to the first ventilation path is suppressed as much as possible, the air supplied to the drying section is heated, and the air is used to heat the grains to a high temperature. It is thought that if the grain is dried, the drying efficiency of the grain will be improved. but,
If the heated air is consistently supplied to the drying section and the grains are dried at high temperatures using the air, the drying efficiency of the grains is improved, but the grains still contain a large amount of moisture. (For example, in the early stage of drying), grain quality problems such as shell cracking occur in the grain. In addition, another problem arises in that when there is a large deviation in the moisture content of grains (for example, at the beginning of drying), drying at high temperatures makes it difficult to eliminate the deviation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a means for improving grain drying efficiency while solving the above-mentioned grain quality problems.

[Failure to solve the problem]

A first characteristic configuration of the dehumidifying dryer according to the present invention is that a moisture detecting means for detecting the moisture of the grain in the drying section is provided, and based on the detection information of the moisture detecting means, the first The present invention is characterized in that the control means is configured to adjust the amount of dehumidified air flowing into the ventilation path.

A second characteristic configuration of the dehumidifying dryer according to the present invention is that, in addition to the above-mentioned configuration, a heater for heating and regulating the dehumidified air supplied to the drying section is provided, and the control means is connected to the moisture detection means. The heating of the dehumidified air by the heater is adjusted based on the detected information.

[For production]

According to the dehumidifying dryer having the first characteristic configuration, the control means determines that the state of the stored grain in the drying section is high temperature dry based on the detection information of the moisture detection means, that is, the information regarding the moisture content of the grain in the drying section. In the step of avoiding this, the amount of dehumidified air flowing into the first ventilation path can be increased by adjusting the amount of dehumidified air flowing into the first ventilation path, and the temperature of the dehumidified air can be lowered to a level that does not cause deterioration of the grain quality. Then, after reaching a stage where high-temperature drying does not result in deterioration of the quality of the grain, the control means makes an adjustment using the adjustment means to suppress the amount of dehumidified air flowing to the first ventilation path, and The drying efficiency of grains can be improved by heating the dehumidified air supplied to the drying section and supplying the heated air to the drying section.

According to the dehumidifying dryer having the second characteristic configuration, when the heating capacity of the air is insufficient from the stage where the grain quality does not deteriorate even if the high temperature drying is performed, the The deficiency can be compensated for by the heater, and the drying efficiency of the grains can be reliably improved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the efficiency of grain drying in the drying section while solving the conventional problem of deterioration of grain quality in the early stage of drying.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dehumidifying dryer of the present invention includes a drying section (A) that accommodates grains to be dried, and an air supply means (B) that sends dehumidified air for drying to the drying section (A). , an exhaust means (C) for sucking and discharging the air in the drying section (A), and a circulation means (D) for circulating and moving the grains in the drying section (A).
) and a control means E for controlling each of the above-mentioned means. The drying section (A) and the air supply means (B) are connected via a duct (1) so that they can be combined and separated.

A storage space (SP) for storing grains for drying is formed inside the drying section (A), and in the storage space (SP), a plurality of ventilation channels (2 ) is formed.

Above the storage space (SP), there is provided an equalizer (3) that supplies the grains in an evenly distributed manner, and below that, there is a rotary valve (3) that discharges the grains little by little from the gap between the inclined plates (4). 5) is provided. The storage space (SP)
, the grain fed in small quantities from the equalizer (3) and the grain discharged little by little by the drive of the rotary valve (5) are balanced, and the grain as a whole is Although the height level exceeding path (2) is maintained, each grain gradually moves downward.

The ventilation passage (2) is connected to the air supply frame (2a) and blows out dehumidifying air from the air supply means (B) to the storage space (SP), and is connected to the exhaust frame (2b). There is also a device for sucking and discharging air from the storage space (SP) by suction by the exhaust means (C), and both are formed so that a chevron-shaped frame with an open bottom is located in the stored grain.

The air supply means (B) has two ventilation passages (17
), (20), and the upper first ventilation duct (
17) has a condenser (15) and a first blower fan (16).
), and an evaporator (18) and a second ventilation fan (]9) are provided in the lower second ventilation path (20), respectively. Furthermore, a compressor (27) is also provided in the (2) ventilation path (20), and a heat pump circuit is configured by this, the capacitor (15), the evaporator (18), and an expansion mechanism (not shown). . and,
The capacitor (15) functions to warm the outside air introduced into the first ventilation path (17), and the evaporator (18) functions to dehumidify the outside air introduced into the second ventilation path (20). It is designed to fulfill this purpose.

The discharge port (21) of the first ventilation path (17) is connected to the duct (1), and the discharge port (22) of the second ventilation path (2o) is connected to the outside. Road (17
) and the (2) ventilation passage (20) are in communication via a ventilation opening (23) serving as a bypass passage (hereinafter referred to as bypass passage (23)). The (1) ventilation fan (16) and the second ventilation fan (19) function as ventilation means that acts to provide ventilation to the first ventilation path (17) and the second ventilation path (20). It is designed to fulfill this purpose.

Each of the discharge port (22) and the bypass passage (23) is provided with the second ventilation passage (2) through the bypass passage (23).
A damper (24) serves as an adjusting means for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air flowing from 0) to the first ventilation path (I7).

(25) is provided. And these dampers (2
4) and (25) are configured to be opened and closed simultaneously and in reverse by an electric motor (26) which is driven and controlled by a control signal from the control means (E).

That is, when the damper (24) is in the fully closed state, the damper (25) is in the fully open state, and in this state, the evaporator (1) is in the fully closed state.
All the dehumidified air cooled and dehumidified in step 8) passes through the bypass path (2
3) to the first ventilation path (17). Then, the dehumidified air is sent to the duct (1), and the dehumidified air is further sent to the drying section (A), so that the air supply means (B) uses the dehumidified air for grain drying. The drying section (A) has the function of sending the drying section (A) to the drying section (A). Furthermore, when the damper (24) is fully open, the damper (25) is fully closed, and all the air cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator (18) is discharged to the outside, and the duct (1) is connected to the condenser (15). ) only warmed air is sent in. Furthermore, when the damper (24) is in an appropriate opening state, the other damper (25) is in an appropriate opening state corresponding to the opening degree of the damper (24), and in this state, the evaporator (18) cools and dehumidifies. A part of the dehumidified air is added to the first ventilation path (16) via the bypass path (23).

The exhaust means (C) specifically includes the exhaust frame (2b
) for suctioning and discharging humid air in the storage space (SP) to the outside; It is equipped with a dust removal device (11) that sucks and discharges floating dust to the outside.

Specifically, the circulation means (D) is arranged below the rotary valve (5), and the rotary valve (5)
A lower screw conveyor (6) that conveys grains discharged from the storage space (SP) at appropriate time intervals by intermittent drive to the opposite side of the arrangement position of the air supply means (B); an elevator (7) that is arranged vertically along the sides of the lower screw conveyor (6) and lifts the grains conveyed by the lower screw conveyor (6); and an upper screw conveyor (8) for conveying the grains lifted by step 7) to the upper center of the drying section (A) where the equalizer (3) is located.

The grains conveyed by the upper screw conveyor (8) are transferred to the storage space (3) by the equalizer (3).
SP) is evenly radiated from above.

When the grains are circulated using the circulation means (D), the grains pass through the upper space of the storage space (SP) over time before reaching the ventilation path (2). Therefore, the grain is tempered and dried in the space above it.

At the top of the drying section (A), a fill needle (
9) is provided, and on one side of the lower part,
A grain thermometer (41) is provided to detect the temperature of the grain stored in the storage space (SP).

On the other side of the lower part of the drying section (A), the drying section (A
), more specifically, a hopper (12) for supplying grain to the storage space (SP) and a single grain moisture meter ( 13) Or, it is provided as a moisture detection means for detecting the moisture of the grain in the drying section (A).

Detection information obtained by the moisture detection means (13) is input to the control means (E). The control means (E) then controls the damper (24) based on the information.
), (25) are controlled using the motor (26), and the amount of dehumidified air flowing into the first ventilation path (17) is adjusted by the control.

Thus, when adjusting the amount of dehumidified air by the control means (E), the drying section (A) is adjusted based on the detection information of the moisture detection means (13), that is, the information regarding the moisture content of the grains in the drying section (A). When the condition of the stored grain in A) is at a stage where high temperature drying is avoided, the dampers (24) and (25) are adjusted by the control means (E) to cause dehumidification to flow into the first ventilation path (17). By increasing the amount of air, it is possible to lower the temperature of the dehumidified air supplied to the drying section (A) to such an extent that the grain quality does not deteriorate. Then, after reaching the stage where high temperature drying can be performed, the damper (24) by the control means (E),
By adjusting (25), the amount of dehumidified air flowing into the first ventilation path (17) is suppressed, the dehumidified air supplied to the drying section (A) is heated, and the heated air is transferred to the drying section (A). (A)
can be supplied to improve grain drying efficiency.

The stage where the stored grain in the drying section (A) avoids high-temperature drying is specifically the following state.

That is, for example, if the water contained in grains has a certain moisture content (1
At the early stage of drying when the grain content exceeds 7% to 19%), defects such as shell cracks occur in the grains due to high temperature drying. Therefore, such a state is the step to avoid the above-mentioned high temperature drying. In addition, if grains are dried at high temperatures in the early stage of drying when there is a large deviation in the moisture content of the grains, moisture removal from grains with high moisture content is effectively carried out, while moisture removal from grains with low moisture content is also effectively carried out. Therefore, it is difficult to eliminate the deviation. Therefore, such a state is also one of the steps to avoid the high temperature drying.

Therefore, in the early stage of drying when the moisture content or the deviation is large, the temperature of the dehumidified air is lowered to dry the grains to prevent shell cracking, etc., so that the moisture content remains at a constant value (17% to 19%). High-temperature drying is performed only when the deviation is below, or when the deviation is below a certain value.

Note that the white arrows in the drying section (A) and the air supply means (B) indicate the flow of air.

A blow thermometer (42) for measuring the temperature of the air flowing through the duct (1) is provided at an appropriate position in the duct (1), and the temperature of the air obtained by the blow thermometer (42) is The detection information is input to the control means (E). Further, a plurality of heaters (43) are provided at appropriate positions within the duct (1) as another heating means for heating and controlling the dehumidified air supplied to the drying section (A).

The control means (E) includes the blower thermometer (42).
), the heating state of the dehumidified air by the heater (43) is controlled, for example, the dehumidified air is heated by the heater (43) selected from the plurality of heaters (43). It is designed to perform appropriate control.

Thus, the control means (E) is used to control the heater (4).
When controlling the heating state according to 3), the heating capacity is insufficient if only the condenser (15) supplies heated air to the drying section (A) in a state where high-temperature drying is possible. Sometimes, the lack of capacity can be solved by replacing the heater (4).
3), the drying efficiency of the grains can be reliably improved.

Specifically, the control means (E)
The first unit is installed at the bottom of the dehumidifying dryer and controls the entire dehumidifying dryer.
a control device (14), a second control device (2) provided above the air supply means (B) and controlling the air supply means (B);
8).

The (1) control device (14) is configured to control the circulation means (D).
and controls the exhaust means (C).

On the other hand, the second control device (28) includes a temperature sensor (29) that detects the dry bulb temperature of the outside air, a humidity sensor (30) that detects the humidity of the outside air, and information detected by the moisture detection means (13). Based on the information, the second control device (28) controls the heat pump circuit, first blower fan (I6), and second blower fan (19) in the air blowing means (B).
), dampers (24), (25), etc.

Next, another example will be described.

Based on the detection information of the moisture detection means (13), the first ventilation path (17) is controlled by the dampers (24) and (25).
), and an embodiment in which the temperature of the dehumidified air supplied to the drying section (A) is adjusted only by adjusting the amount of dehumidified air to the drying section (A) is also conceivable. That is, an embodiment may be considered in which the heater (43) as a means for heating the dehumidified air is not provided.

Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenience of comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure of the attached drawings by the reference numerals.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of a dehumidifying dryer according to the present invention. (15)... Capacitor, (16)...
・Air blowing means, (17)...First ventilation path, (18
)... Evaporator, (19)... Air blowing means, (20)... Second ventilation path, (22)...
...Discharge port, (23) ...Bypass path,
(24)...adjustment means, (25)...
Adjustment means, (43)...Heater, (A)...
. . . Drying section, (E) . . . Control means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first ventilation path (17) that has a condenser (15) that heats the introduced outside air and is connected to the drying section (A) that accommodates the grain to be dried; a second ventilation path (20) having an evaporator (18) for dehumidifying outside air and having an outlet (22) to the outside; and a bypass leading from the first ventilation path (17) to the second ventilation path (20). Road (23) and
The second ventilation path (20) passes through the bypass path (23).
) adjusting means (24), (25) for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air flowing from the first ventilation path (17) to the first ventilation path (17), and ventilation for the first ventilation path (17) and the second ventilation path (20). The air blowing means (16), (19) and the adjusting means (2)
4), a dehumidifying dryer comprising a control means (E) for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air according to (25), and a moisture detecting means (13) for detecting the moisture of the grain in the drying section (A). )
and the control means ( A dehumidifying dryer comprising E). 2. A heater (43) is provided for heating and regulating the dehumidified air supplied to the drying section (A), and the control means (E) is provided.
2. The dehumidifying dryer according to claim 1, wherein the dehumidifying dryer is configured to adjust the heating of the dehumidified air by the heater (43) based on the detection information of the moisture detecting means (13).