JPH0420571B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a dried persimmon production apparatus that stabilizes quality and improves work efficiency in dried persimmon production. [Prior Art] Traditionally, in the production of dried persimmons, raw persimmons are generally peeled and then tied together with a string and attached to a pole supported by a drying trolley, and the drying trolley is placed in a well-ventilated area such as in a glass greenhouse. The method is to place it in a good location, dry it in the sun for about 15 to 20 days, and then finish it by drying it with charcoal briquettes or electricity for about 5 to 7 days. The conventional solar drying method described above not only requires a long period of 15 to 20 days, but also because the drying conditions such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed vary greatly depending on the weather. It is affected by weather conditions, and the quality and shipping time of dried persimmons fluctuate accordingly. For example, the time to dry fresh persimmons is usually from November to December.
However, in years when the temperature is high and there is a lot of rain at that time of year, there are many rotten fruits, fallen fruits, and mold.
The quality and yield of dried persimmons are significantly reduced. On the other hand, in years when the temperature is low, the after-heating effect of persimmons does not progress sufficiently, and the astringency is not completely removed, resulting in residual astringency in dried persimmons. In addition, in this case, the color of the dried persimmons is not constant, and moreover, the dried persimmons are finished in an orange color instead of the amber color that would be considered an excellent product, resulting in a significant deterioration in quality. On the other hand, some fresh persimmons have recently been dried using air flow dryers equipped with dehumidifiers and heaters. In this case, the temperature, humidity, wind direction, and flow velocity distribution of the air at the drying air supply port of this dryer may be inappropriate or poorly controlled, resulting in a high initial drying rate and The surface of dried persimmons hardens, making it difficult for the moisture inside to evaporate, and the quality of dried persimmon products often deteriorates, with the entire fruit turning dark. In addition, because the drying speed becomes excessive, continuous drying cannot be performed, and a period of rest is required in the middle of the drying process.
There were also problems in that the work was complicated and efficiency decreased. [Problems to be solved by the invention] As mentioned above, in conventional solar drying, the drying of persimmons is largely influenced by natural conditions, and as a result, the quality of dried persimmons is not stable, and the drying time is extremely long, resulting in inefficiency. It was low. On the other hand, even with conventional dryers, the quality deteriorates, the drying work is complicated, and the work efficiency is not necessarily good. An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a dried persimmon drying device that can improve the quality, uniformity, and yield of dried persimmons as a product, and can also improve work efficiency. . [Means for Solving the Problems] The means of the present invention for solving the above problems includes: a drying chamber for drying raw persimmons after peeling into dried persimmons in an air flow;
It has a machine room that sends a dehumidified and heated air flow to the drying room, and the air flow has a differential pressure of 8 mm on the drying floor.
A perforated plate with a hole diameter of ₁₀ mm or less is arranged to adjust the H ₂ O to 20 mm or less, and the adjusted air is sent upward from the machine room through the perforated plate to the drying chamber. It is a dried persimmon production equipment,
In this device, the drying chamber is separated into two or more rooms, and the adjusted air flow is circulated between the drying chamber and the machine room, and the machine room includes a dehumidifier, a heater, and a circulation fan. , the volume of air blown into each drying room,
Control temperature and humidity uniformly. [Operation] Air is dehumidified and heated in the machine room, and the differential pressure of the air flow is adjusted through the perforated plate on the floor of the drying room, and the air is sent upward into the drying room to dry the raw persimmons. The air in the drying chamber enters the machine chamber again and is conditioned, and this action is repeated. [Example] Next, the present invention will be described by way of an example with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1. In both figures, the dried persimmon production apparatus 1 of the present invention has a hollow hexahedral apparatus main body 2, which is fixed on a floor 3. The inside of the device main body 2 is divided into a drying chamber 5 by a partition wall 4.
and a machine room 6. Both chambers 5 and 6 communicate with each other through an upper gap 4a formed between the upper end of the partition wall 4 and the ceiling of the main body 2. The drying chamber 5 has a partition wall 5
It is separated into a plurality of chambers (three chambers in the figure) by a, and each chamber accommodates a drying cart 7, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drying trolley 7
Attach a plurality of horizontal rod holders 7b to four pillar bodies 7a, hold a rod 7c in each rod holder 7b, tie two fresh persimmons 7e with thread 7d, hang them on the rods 7c, and attach each pillar body 7a. It has a configuration in which a wheel 7f is attached to the lower end of the wheel. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower part of the machine room 6 is connected to the floor of the drying room 5 by a passage 8,
A perforated plate 9 is arranged between the drying chamber 5 and the passage 8. A heating machine 10, a circulation fan 11, and a dehumidifier 12 are installed in the machine room 6. The circulation fan 11 is connected to the heating machine 10 and the dehumidifier 1 in the machine room 6.
Inhale the air whose temperature and humidity have been adjusted by 2.
Conditioned air is blown upward into the drying chamber 5 as shown by arrow A through a duct 13 disposed between the circulation fan 11 and the passage 8. An upper perforated plate 14 is disposed above the drying chamber 5. The perforated plate 9 has a plurality of holes 9a having a diameter of 10 mmφ or less. The size and number of the holes 9a are configured such that the differential pressure within the drying chamber 5 is rectified to 8 _mmH2O , preferably 10 to ₂₀ mmH2O. Differential pressure is 8mmH ₂ O
If the pressure difference is less than 20 mmH 2 O, the flow rate distribution of the air in the drying chamber 5 becomes uneven, and if the pressure difference exceeds 20 mmH ₂ O, the capacity of the circulation fan 11 becomes large, which is uneconomical. If the diameter of the holes 9a of the perforated plate 9 exceeds 10 mmφ, the number of holes 9a will inevitably decrease, no pressure difference will be generated, and the air flow in the drying chamber 5 will become non-uniform. The upper perforated plate 14 promotes uniformity of the upward airflow within the drying chamber 5. Although three drying chambers 5 are shown in this embodiment, one drying chamber 5 may be used depending on necessity or situation.
It may be a room or two or more rooms may be provided. A blower 15 with an external dehumidifier is provided to blow in air from the outside. The production of dried persimmons using the above device will be explained. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the drying trolley 7
A large number of rods 7c are held via horizontal rod holders 7b,
Fresh persimmons 7e are hung on each rod 7c via threads 7d, and the drying cart 7 is inserted into the drying chamber 5. circulation fan 1
1. Operate the heater 10 and dehumidifier 12 to supply temperature- and humidity-controlled air from the duct 13 to the passage 8.
Then, it is sent upward through the perforated plate 9 into the drying chamber 5. The air in the drying chamber 5 returns to the machine chamber 6 through the upper perforated plate, where the temperature and humidity are controlled and then circulated back to the drying chamber 5, where the raw persimmons 7e are dried. A comparison between the drying results obtained by the apparatus of the present invention and the results obtained by the conventional method will be explained.

[Table] As shown in Table 1, the present invention has a percentage of excellent dried persimmons.
This method is significantly superior to conventional methods, and takes less than half the time to complete astringency removal. Figure 5 shows the drying rate of raw persimmons relative to the number of drying days. Here, the solid line indicates the initial astringency removal drying by the apparatus of the present invention, and the broken line indicates the change in drying rate with respect to the number of drying days when briquette drying was subsequently performed. According to the method of the present invention, the time required for the fruit color (RHS), which is an indicator of the progress of afterripening, to reach 28-B was 3 days after the start of drying. Moreover, with conventional methods, the drying time is 48 to 60 minutes after the start of drying, when the risk of mold growth is high.
No mold growth was observed even after the passage of time. Note that no drying work was performed for 3 days after the start of drying. The quality of the product at this time was as shown in Table 1. FIG. 6 shows the drying rate of raw persimmons with respect to the number of drying days in the conventional example. Here, the dashed line indicates the initial astringency removal drying by solar drying, and the broken line indicates the change in drying rate with respect to the number of drying days when briquette drying is performed subsequent to the method of the present invention. Table 2 shows the changes in weather during this period.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention provides an apparatus for producing dried persimmons that controls the temperature and humidity of the circulating air for drying.
Since the structure is configured to control the wind direction and differential pressure, the initial astringency-removal drying of fresh persimmons can be carried out under optimal conditions, allowing for products obtained by performing subsequent drying using charcoal briquette drying or solar drying. The quality of dried persimmons is improved and made uniform, and the yield is improved by reducing the occurrence of mold, rotten fruit, and peeling. In addition, there is no need for a drying operation during the drying process, and since the method allows continuous drying, labor saving can be promoted.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the drying trolley, and Fig. 4 is a rod hanging for fresh persimmons. Front view, 5th
The figure is a graph showing the relationship between the drying rate and the number of drying days according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the drying rate and the number of drying days according to the conventional method. 1... Dried persimmon manufacturing device, 2... Device main body, 3...
Floor, 4... Partition wall, 5... Drying room, 5a... Partition wall, 6... Machine room, 7... Drying trolley, 8... Passageway, 9... Perforated plate, 10... Heating machine, 11... ...Circulation fan, 12...Dehumidifier, 13...Duct.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A drying chamber for drying raw persimmons after peeling into dried persimmons in an air flow, and a machine room for sending dehumidified and heated air to the drying chamber, the drying chamber Adjust the air flow differential pressure to 8 mmH ₂ O or more and 20 mmH ₂ O or less on the floor surface.
1. A dried persimmon manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that a perforated plate with a hole diameter of 10 mm or less is arranged, and conditioned air is sent upward from the machine room through the perforated plate to the drying chamber. 2. The drying room is separated into two or more rooms, the adjusted air flow is circulated between the drying room and the machine room, the machine room has a dehumidifier, a heater, and a circulation fan, and each 2. The dried persimmon production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the volume, temperature, and humidity of the air blown into the drying chamber are uniformly controlled.