JPH0422960B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND This invention relates to high foaming aqueous liquid detergent compositions containing specific amounts and types of surfactants that are particularly useful for cleaning tableware, kitchen utensils, and other hard surfaces. The compositions of the present invention utilize alkyl sulfates and alkyl ethoxylate sulfates to provide more effective cleaning power with the same amount of surfactant. The performance of detergent compositions for cleaning glassware, dishes, and other items is commonly evaluated by consumers in terms of sudsing. Liquid dishwashing detergent compositions currently on the market are designed to remove oil stains from glassware, dishes and other tableware and kitchen utensils while maintaining an acceptable layer of suds. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION _The present invention provides, by weight, (a) a compound of the general formula RO(C _{2 H 4} O)
is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, calcium and magnesium cations and mixtures thereof, and the ethoxylate distribution is such that the compound where x is 0 on a molar basis About 54% to about 60% of the total amount, about 5% to about 20% of the compound where x is 1, about 10 to about 13% of the compound where x is 2, about 6% to about the compound where x is 3
The distribution is such that about 7% and x is 0
(b) containing from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms; a condensation product of an aliphatic alcohol with about 5 moles to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide, an alkylphenol having an alkyl group containing about 6 to about 15 carbon atoms, and about 5 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkylphenol; from about 1% to about 1% of a foam stabilizer selected from the group consisting of condensation products of, fatty acid amides containing acyl moieties of about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, amine oxide semipolar nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
Approximately 20%, (c) Sodium triphosphate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate,
Sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium tartrate, potassium tartrate, sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium N-(2
-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine triacetate, potassium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine triacetate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, potassium nitrilotriacetate, sodium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-nitrilodiacetate, potassium N-(2- (d) a liquid detergent composition containing from about 20% to about 88% water; and (d) from about 20% to about 88% water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The liquid detergent composition of the present invention contains three essential ingredients: (a) an anionic surfactant, (b) a foam stabilizer, and (c) water. Optionally formulated ingredients can be added to provide various performance and aesthetic properties. Anionic Surfactants The compositions of the present invention contain from about 10 to about 50% by weight of a particular anionic surfactant. Preferred compositions contain from about 20 to about 35% by weight of the anionic surfactant. Anionic detergents are water-soluble salts of organic sulfuric acid reaction products that have alkyl groups of about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms and sulfate ester groups in their molecular structure, especially alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and ammonium salts. and amine salts. The term alkyl includes the alkyl portion of an acyl group. Examples of anionic synthetic detergents that can be used to form the anionic surfactant component of the compositions of the invention include higher alcohols (C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ carbon numbers) (and lower ethoxylates of said alcohols, such as monoethoxylates). sodium alkyl sulfate, ammonium alkyl sulfate, potassium alkyl sulfate, or magnesium alkyl sulfate obtained by sulfating alkyl sulfate). The alcohol monoethoxy sulfate is about 70% to about 95% of the mixture by weight, preferably about 75% to about 90%, more preferably about 80% to about
A mixture of about 85% alkyl sulfate and alcohol monoethoxy sulfate provides the desired distribution of surfactants. Preferably, alcohol ethoxylates are produced by conventional base catalysis. It is essential that at least 50% of the non-ethoxylated anionic surfactant is in the form of magnesium salt. Preferably, essentially all non-ethoxylated surfactant (x is 0) is in the form of a magnesium salt. This is because magnesium salts are required in the system of the present invention to maximize the activity of the surfactant. All anionic surfactants can be in the form of magnesium salts, but this is less desirable. Preferably, about 90% or less is in the form of a magnesium salt. Foam Stabilizers Compositions of the present invention may contain up to about 20%, preferably from about 1.5% to about 10%, more preferably from about 2% to about 8% by weight, foam stabilizing "non-ionic" surfactants or mixtures thereof. %. Foam stabilizing nonionic surfactants that can be used within the present compositions are of three basic types: ethylene oxide condensates, fatty acid amides, and amine oxide semipolar nonionic surfactants. Ethylene oxide condensates are broadly defined as compounds produced by the condensation of ethylene oxide groups (hydrophilic) with aliphatic or alkyl aromatic organic hydrophobic compounds. The length of the hydrophilic group or polyoxyalkylene group that is fused with a particular hydrophobic group can be easily adjusted to produce water-soluble compounds with the desired balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. Examples of such ethylene oxide condensates suitable as foam stabilizers are: (1) Condensate of aliphatic alcohol and ethylene oxide. The alkyl chain of the fatty alcohol is either straight or branched and generally has from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms, for best performance as a foam stabilizer. Ethylene oxide is about 5 to 1 mole of alcohol
It is present in an amount of about 30 moles, preferably about 5 to about 14 moles. Examples of ethoxylated alcohols of this type are the condensation of about 6 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of tridecanol, myristyl alcohol condensed with about 10 moles of ethyl oxide per mole of myristyl alcohol, the condensation of ethylene oxide and coconut fatty alcohol. (coconut alcohol is a mixture of fatty alcohols with alkyl chains of 10 to 14 carbon atoms, the condensate containing about 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol), and about 9 moles of ethylene oxide and said coconut It is a condensate with alcohol. An example of a commercially available nonionic surfactant of this type is Neodol 23-6.5, sold by Shell Chemical Company. (2) (ethylene oxide condensates of alkylphenols). and ethylene oxide (ethylene oxide is alkylphenol 1
About 5 to about 30 moles per mole, preferably about 5 to about 30 moles per mole
present in an amount of approximately 14 moles). Alkyl substituents in compounds of this type are derived, for example, from polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octene, or nonene. Examples of compounds of this type are nonyphenol condensed with about 9.5 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of nonyphenol, and octylphenol condensed with about 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of phenol.
Commercially available nonionic surfactants of this type include, for example, Igepal CO-610, marketed by GAF Corporation, and Triton (marketed by Rohr & Haas Company). Triton)
45, X-114, X-100 and X-102. Examples of amide-type nonionic surfactants are amides of ammonia, monoethanol, and diethanol of fatty acids having acyl residues having about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and are represented by the following general formula. R ₁ -CO-N(H) _n-1 (R ₂ OH) _3-n (wherein, R ₁ has 7 to 21 carbon atoms, preferably 11 to 17 carbon atoms)
R ₂ represents a methylene or ethylene group; and m is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1). Specific examples of the amides are monoethanol coconut fatty acid amide and diethanoldodecyl fatty acid amide. These acyl residues can be combined with naturally occurring glycerides, such as coconut oil, palm oil,
It can be derived from soybean oil and tallow, but it can also be derived synthetically, for example by oxidation of petroleum or hydrogenation of carbon monoxide by the Fischer-Tropsch process. Monoethanolamides and diethanolamides of _C12-14 fatty acids are preferred. Amine oxide semipolar nonionic surfactants are
Consists of compounds and mixtures of compounds having the formula: [In the formula, R ₁ is an alkyl group, a 2-hydroxyalkyl group, a 3-hydroxyalkyl group, or a 3-hydroxyalkyl group.
Alkoxy-2-hydroxypropyl group (alkyl and alkoxy each have about 8 to about 8 carbon atoms)
18), and R ₂ and R ₃ are methyl, ethyl, and
propyl, isopropyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, or 3-hydroxypropyl, and n is from 0 to about 10. Particularly preferred are amine oxides in which R ₁ is C _10-14 alkyl and R ₂ and R ₃ are methyl or ethyl. Amine oxides are the most preferred foam stabilizing nonionic surfactants. The preferred foam properties of the compositions of the present invention are those that provide the user of the product with an indication of the cleaning performance within the dishwashing solution. The soils encountered during dishwashing exhibit a suds-inhibiting effect, and the presence or absence of suds from the surface of the dishwashing solution is a useful guide in the use of the product. Mixtures of anionic surfactants and foam stabilizing nonionic surfactants (especially amide and amine oxide nonionic surfactants) improve their high foaming properties, foam stability in the presence of food soils and Due to its ability to accurately dictate the appropriate amount of product to use in the presence of dirt,
Preferably utilized within the compositions of the present invention. Drainage Promoting Ethoxylated Nonionic Surfactants In some cases, these compositions contain alcohol, alcohol,
It can contain various alcohols with a high carbon atom content and high degree of ethoxylation of phenols and partial polyol esters, alkylphenols, or condensates of polyol fatty acid monoesters and ethylene oxide. These materials are described in detail in co-pending application no. 118705, filed February 5, 1980, titled "Liquid Detergent Compositions." More specifically, the compositions of the present invention contain from about 2% to about 20%, preferably from about 3% to about 12%, of the following types of drainage promoting surfactants:
Most preferably it can contain from about 4% to about 8%. (a) an ethoxylated aliphatic of the formula R(OC ₂ H ₄ ) _o OH, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group having from about 14 to about 30 carbon atoms, and n is from about 16 to 100; alcohol, (b) of the formula R(OC ₂ H ₄ ) _o OH, where R is an alkyl phenyl group having from about 14 to about 30 total carbon atoms, and at least one alkyl group has at least about 8 carbon atoms; (c) the condensation of a mono-C _16-22 fatty acid ester of a polyglycol with from about 13 to about 100 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of partial ester; (d) A condensate of cholesterol and about 13 to about 100 moles of ethylene oxide; (e) A condensate of a compound containing a hydroxyl group or an amine group that can polymerize ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and alkylene oxide, and has a molecular weight of about 500. ~15000, ethylene oxide content approx.
30 to about 70% by weight and about 30% propylene oxide
~70% by weight, and (f) mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment of (a), the aliphatic alcohol has about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms and is ethoxylated to an average degree of ethoxylation of about 18 to about 50 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. In a preferred embodiment of (b), the alkylphenol is ethoxylated to an average degree of ethoxylation of about 20 to about 60 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl. Other alkylene oxides, especially propylene oxide, can be used in place of a portion of the ethylene oxide in (a), (b), (c) or (d). in this case,
The greater hydrophobicity of propylene oxide compared to ethylene oxide acts to reduce the hydrophobicity required from alcohol, alkylphenol or polyglycol partial esters. The optimum carbon atom content of the alcohol, alkylphenol or partial ester is thereby slightly reduced. In preferred embodiments of (e), the molecular weight is about
600 to about 5000 and the ethylene oxide content is about 40 to about 60% by weight. Preferred specific examples of (e) include the following formula: Y(C ₃ H ₆ O) _o (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n H, where Y is an organic the residue of the compound, where n has an average value of at least about 6.4 as determined by the hydroxy value, and m is such that the oxyethylene moieties constitute from about 30 to about 70% by weight of the molecule). Corresponding substance; the following formula Y [(C ₃ H ₆ O) _o (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n H] _x [where Y is about 2 to 6 carbon atoms and x reactive hydrogen atoms (x is 2), n is such that the molecular weight of the polyoxypropylene hydrophobic base is at least about 900, and m is such that the oxyethylene content of the molecule is between about 30 and 70. % by weight]
It is a conjugated polyoxyalkylene compound described in US Pat. No. 2,674,619 having the following properties. Compounds falling within the definition of Y are, for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, ethylenediamine, and the like. The oxypropylene chains optionally, but advantageously, contain small amounts of ethylene oxide, and the oxyethylene chains optionally, but advantageously, contain small amounts of propylene oxide. Other conjugated polyoxyalkylene surfactants that can be used in the compositions of the present invention have the following formula P[(C ₃ H ₆ O) _o (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n H] _x [where P is the number of carbon atoms is the residue of an organic compound having about 8 to 18 and x reactive hydrogen atoms (x is 1 or 2), n is at least 1, and m is the oxyethylene content of the molecule about 30 to 70% by weight %
and a compound of the formula P[(C ₂ H ₄ O) _o (C ₃ H ₆ O) _n H] _x [where P is about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and is the residue of an organic compound having a reactive hydrogen atom (x is 1 or 2), n is at least 1, and m has a value such that the oxypropylene content of the molecule is about 30-70% by weight ] is a compound. In either case, the oxypropylene chains may optionally, but advantageously, contain small amounts of ethylene oxide, and the oxyethylene chains may optionally, but advantageously, contain small amounts of propylene oxide. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the ratio of anionic surfactant to total nonionic surfactant within the composition is from about 11:1 to about 1:1, more preferably from about 8:1 to about 3:1. The molar ratio is 1. Although foam-stabilizing nonionic surfactants are generally preferred from a foam standpoint, the relatively highly ethoxylated drainage-promoting nonionic surfactants of the present invention can contribute to foam performance, and the anionic surfactant versus nonionic interface It is taken into account in the calculation of the proportion of activator. Water The compositions of the present invention contain from about 20% to about 88% water, preferably from about 40% to about 70%. Other Optionally Ingredients The compositions of the present invention can contain up to about 10% by weight of detergent builders, either organic or inorganic. Examples of water-soluble inorganic builders that can be used alone, in mixtures with each other and in mixtures with organic alkaline sequestrant builder salts are alkali metal carbon salts, phosphates, polyphosphates, and silicates. Specific examples of salts of this type are sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate. Examples of organic builder salts which can be used alone, in mixtures with each other or with the inorganic alkaline builder salts mentioned above are polycarboxylates of alkali metals, such as water-soluble citrates such as sodium citrate, potassium citrate, tartaric acid. Sodium, potassium tartrate, sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediaminetriacetate, potassium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediaminetriacetate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, potassium nitrilotriacetate (NTA), N
Sodium -(2-hydroxyethyl)-nitrilodiacetate and potassium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-nitrilodiacetate. Other organic detergent builders, such as water-soluble phosphonates, can be used within the compositions of the invention. However, detergent builders generally have limited value in dishwashing detergent compositions, and because of solubility and phase stability considerations, their use in amounts greater than about 10% is prohibited in liquid composition formulations. It limits flexibility. To obtain the desired product phase stability and viscosity, alcohols, such as ethylene alcohol,
and hydrotrobes such as sodium toluene sulfonate, potassium toluene sulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate, potassium xylene sulfonate, trisodium sulfosuccinate and related compounds (disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,915,903).
and urea are available. about 3% to about 15% ethylene alcohol and about 1 to about 6% potassium toluene sulfonate, sodium toluene sulfonate, potassium xylene sulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate, potassium cumene sulfonate,
Sodium cumene sulfonate is particularly useful within the compositions of the invention. The cleaning compositions of the invention can, if desired, contain conventional auxiliaries, diluents and additives, such as perfumes, oxygen, dyes, anti-corrosion agents, antimicrobial agents, etc., without disturbing the advantageous properties of the compositions. Alkalinity sources and PH buffers such as monoethanolamine, triethanolamine and alkali metal hydroxides can also be utilized. The following examples are presented to illustrate the compositions of the invention. All percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

[Table] ☆ Equivalent number of moles in all formulations

【table】

[Table] Water and trace components
the remainder the remainder the remainder the remainder the remainder

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Substantially (a) General formula RO(C ₂ H ₄ O) x SO ₃ M (wherein R is an alkyl group having about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, M is sodium, selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium, calcium and magnesium cations and mixtures thereof, and the ethoxylate distribution is such that on a molar basis the compound where x is 0 is present at the anionic interface. activator approx.
54% to about 60%, compounds where x is 1 to about 5%
about 20%, about 10 to about 13% compounds where x is 2,
from about 6% to about 7% of the compounds where x is 3, and there is sufficient magnesium to neutralize at least 50% of the anionic surfactants where x is 0). (b) a condensation product of an aliphatic alcohol containing from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms with from about 5 moles to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide, having from about 6 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide; Condensation products of alkylphenols having alkyl groups containing about 15 with about 5 to about 30 ethylene oxide per mole of alkylphenol, fatty acid amides containing acyl moieties of about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, amine oxide semicondensates a foam stabilizer selected from the group consisting of polar nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof;
Approximately 20% by weight, (c) sodium triphosphate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate,
Sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium tartrate, potassium tartrate, sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, sodium N-(2
-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine triacetate, potassium N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine triacetate, sodium nitrilotriacetate, potassium nitrilotriacetate, sodium N-(2-
hydroxyethyl)-nitrilodiacetate,
(d) comprising only about 20 to about 88 weight percent water; Liquid detergent composition. Ethylene oxide condensation of C _10-14 alcohols or C _6-10 monoalkyl phenols _with from about 5 moles to about ₁₄ moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol or alkyl phenol. from about 1.5 to about 12% by weight of a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of:
The composition according to claim 1, comprising: 3 The molar ratio of anionic surfactant to foam stabilizer is
Claim 2 which is about 11:1 to about 1:1.
The composition described in Section. Claim 3 containing a foam-stabilizing nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of 4 dimethyl _C12-14 alkyldimethylamine oxide, _C10-16 acylethanolamide and mixtures thereof.
The composition described in Section. 5. The anionic surfactant comprises about 20 to 20% of the composition.
A composition according to claim 4 comprising about 35% by weight. 6. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the foam stabilizer comprises an ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol. 7 Foam stabilizer formula (wherein R ₁ is an alkyl, 2-hydroxyalkyl, 3-hydroxyalkyl, or 3-alkoxy-2-hydroxypropyl radical in which alkyl and alkoxy each contain about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and R ₂ and R ₃ are respectively methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 2-hydroxyethyl,
2-hydroxypropyl or 3-hydroxypropyl, and n is from 0 to about 10. 8 Formula R(OC ₂ H ₄ ) _o OH (wherein R has about 10 to 10 carbon atoms
a drain-promoting nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkyl radicals containing about 30 to about 2 to
A composition according to claim 1 further comprising about 20% by weight. 9 Drainage promoting nonionic surfactant is formula R
A patent consisting of an ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol of (OC ₂ H ₄ ) _o OH, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl group having from about 16 to about 30 carbon atoms, and n is from about 16 to about 50. A composition according to claim 8.