JPH0424207B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention is a method for accumulating small-diameter wood such as thinned wood to make [log boards], and further to make various [polymerized log boards], etc., or [braced log boards], etc. Concerning eggplant production methods.

Until now, there have been no examples in the world of independent products such as log boards made from wooden logs. Not only are there no technical examples, but there are many excellent techniques and technical ideas related to wood engineering that have appeared in the literature of scholars.
Even in the direction of future technology, there are numerous documents that contain thoughts and ideas that seem to be the seeds of a desire for plywood and laminated wood technology, as well as the invention of the [log board], which goes beyond the scope of technical thought. I couldn't find it in the end.

The present invention [log board] etc. presents a new idea and new technology. Illustrated below: -○
Draw center lines 1, 1 on the upper and lower ends (cross section) of the drum wood ΓΓ log, and cut both sides symmetrically parallel from the center line plate 1-1', which is assumed to connect the upper and lower center lines (see the diagonal lines in Figure 1). part), it becomes a drum-shaped material (Fig. 1, Fig. 2; woodworking technical term: drum material) with circles 3 and 3' on the front and back and parallel planes 2 and 2' on both sides, respectively.

A through hole 4' of an appropriate shape is perpendicularly passed through the parallel planes 2, 2' of the log board drum material (Fig. 2). On the other hand, a through plate 4 of an appropriate length having a cross section that fits into the through hole 4';
make.

Connect the drum materials without any gaps by passing through the perforations 4' into the through holes 4' of the appropriate number of drum materials.
A plug hole 5' is drilled from 3' to perpendicularly through the perforation 4, and a plug 5 that fits into the plug hole 5' is driven to produce a log board (FIG. 3).

For the Γ plate 4, strong wood such as oak or zelkova is suitable.

When making metal penetration 6ΓΓΓ penetration with metal,
The stopper hole 5' cannot be made by piercing a long bottle.
Therefore, openings 7' of regular intervals are formed in the metal through-hole 6, and plug holes 5' can be made by inserting the plugs 7 into the openings 7' (FIG. 4). Alternatively, if the windows 9, 9' of a fixed section are punched out symmetrically at regular intervals and formed into the outer shape of the punching, and the wooden punching hole 4 is inserted to make the metal wrapping punching hole 8, the plug hole 5 is formed. ′ can be perforated,
Plug 5 can also be installed (Figure 5).

Γ A circular shape evenly distributes external forces. The strongest state of wood is a cylinder or log. Therefore, drum material made by cutting out a circle becomes weaker in the parallel plane direction. The drum wood is stacked and joined in the weak direction with penetrations and plugs to compensate for defects and create a strong [log board].

Γ Method of substituting a through-hole ΓΓΓ As shown in Figure 6, a fitting groove 10' is cut out in the circles 3 and 3' of the drum material, a fitting groove 10 is inserted, and a plug is inserted orthogonally through the fitting hole 10. [Log board] is manufactured by drilling a hole 5' and driving a plug 5.

This cutting process destroys the cambium layer (annual rings) from the outermost shell by gouging out the circles 3 and 3' of the drum wood, so it is weaker and rots faster than log boards made using the piercing pile method.

An opening 7' is provided in the metal fitting plate 11, into which the embedded wood 7 is fitted (Fig. 7), and a single window 9'' is formed in the metal wrapping plate 12, and the fitting plate 10 is wrapped around it. , a plug hole 5' is drilled in both and a plug 5 can be driven in.

For short drum materials, use the traditional wood assembly method shown in Figures 9 to 13 to connect the ends of the drum materials and frames 13 to 2.
2 is assembled with wood to produce [Frame log board - Figure 14].

Using a frame of wood that is thicker or stronger than the accumulated drum wood of the log board (Fig. 3), the end of the log board is assembled with wood (Figs. 9 to 13), and the log board with upper and lower frames (Fig. 15) ) and further add a vertical frame 23 to make a four-sided frame log board (Fig. 16), an even stronger log board can be manufactured.

Γ Wedge 24ΓΓΓCut 24' as shown in the example in Figure 17
are provided at both ends of the through-hole 4 or at one end of the stopper 5, or a corresponding wedge is driven into the gap between the through-hole, fitting/removal, etc. and the hole or groove into which they are to be fitted. Wedges have the power to prevent wooden frames from rattling and disassembling, and the present invention makes full use of wedges.

After the advent of polymerized log boards [plywood], the technology that was an extension of plywood technology, in which square timbers are side-joined to form square timber boards, and thick plywood is obtained by sandwiching and gluing the square timbers between two pieces of plywood, was excluded. For example, before [plywood], there was no solid way of thinking about [board] being polymerized.

The present invention is an invention in which a log board (first invention) is polymerized without using an adhesive, and the log board and a fireproof board or the like are polymerized. As the polymerization means, the polymerization extraction method and the cross polymerization extraction method invented by the present inventor (filed on the same day - patent application A) are used.

◎ Polymerization and depolymerization Construct trapezoidal fitting grooves 10' facing appropriate locations on the polymerization surfaces of the logs and boards to be polymerized.
Two of the fitting grooves 10' are combined to form a cavity having a 25-shaped overlap. There, polymerization removal 25 (18th
(Fig. 18-25), the log boards etc. will be integrated into one body.

The fitting groove 10' provided in the log board can be formed as desired, such as one along the direction of the fibers of the drum material, one that cuts across the fibers, and one that cuts the fibers diagonally. Therefore, the log board polymerization mode involves parallel polymerization (Figure 20) and positive polymerization (Figure 21) of the fibers.
Diagram)・There is ×-shaped overlapping, etc., log board with frame: 2nd
The same applies to the second example.

By adding and polymerizing different elements to the log boards of the present invention, creative effects can be added and exhibited. For example, a fireproof and waterproof board 27 with a high-tensile steel core configured to meet various purposes can be superimposed on a log board (Figures 23 and 24), or superimposed on a superimposed log board (Fig.
Figure 5).

If a fireproof waterproof board with a high tensile strength steel core 27 is further polymerized with a polymerized log board (Fig. 25) and used for the walls of a house, the highly hygroscopic mortar method can be eliminated, and conventional wooden and lightweight steel structures can be constructed. It is possible to assemble and construct a strong and sturdy house in a short period of time.

If the roofing material 44, which is made by folding both ends of a fireproof waterproof board with a high tensile strength steel core into a U-shape or bends down three sides, is overlapped with a log board, a strong earthquake-resistant and fireproof roof can be obtained immediately (No. 23)
figure).

In the present invention, suitable fitting grooves 10' are formed in advance for log boards, polymerized log boards, etc., and foreign objects that are superimposed thereon, such as fireproof waterproof boards, soundproof boards, solar heat collecting boards, dust collecting boards, etc. to produce. Of course, it is possible to integrally form the fitting 10, but this is inconvenient for storage and distribution.

Polymerization removal 25 is metal polymerization removal depending on the intended use. Manufactured and used in various ways such as metal polymerization punching 26 with embedded wood.

If the short overlapping holes 25' are fitted in a different direction from the long overlapping holes 25, the overlapping plates will never shift (FIG. 20).

◎ Interval polymerization (cross polymerization depolymerization) Cross polymerization board (Fig. 26)
(Fig. 18) A retaining plate 29 is inserted between the opposing fittings 10 and is integrally formed.
It becomes 8.

The cross-polymerization extractor 28 holds the material to be polymerized using a retainer plate 29.
Polymerization is carried out while maintaining the interval of thickness of
Figure 9).

For heavy material polymerization, there are 3 bolt holes in the retainer plate 29.
1', a metal cross-polymerization punch 30 having a nut hole 32' is used (FIG. 27). Bolts can be tightened by drilling holes in the material to be polymerized that are common to bolt holes and nut holes.

By inserting various types of heat insulating materials, heat insulating materials, etc. into the space between the log boards and the log boards and the foreign material formed by the insulation board 29, the heat retention, heat insulation, and sound insulation effects can be improved.

Brace overlapping log boards, etc. This relates to attaching braces to log boards and using the braces as a skeletal mechanism for superimposing log boards with each other or with different materials.

Gouge the surface of the log board in the shape of a brace, drill a common bolt hole with the bolt holes 31' drilled in braces 33, 35, etc., pass the bolt through it, and tighten it with a nut 32.
Alternatively, a log board with mounting braces is manufactured using mounting tools 34 such as nails, screws, etc. through the mounting holes 34'.

When stacking log boards with one congruent brace, if they are stacked with the brace 35 inside, the braces will overlap in an x shape.For the log boards, the bolt hole 31' in the brace 35, which has an x shape, is the same as the bolt hole 31'. Drill the bolt holes. If the braces 35 are placed inside and the stacked bolts 31 are passed through and fastened with the nuts 32, a stacked log board with braces (see Fig. 31) will be obtained.

Even if the shape of the brace is fairly complex, it can be mass-produced by forging.

If the brace 36 is made thick as shown in Fig. 32, a brace groove and a bolt hole each having a thickness of half the thickness of the brace 36 are provided on both sides that overlap, and the brace 36 is inserted between the two sides and bolted with a nut. It is fastened to make a striated overlapping log board.

If there is a tenon 37, an L-shaped frame with a mortise 38 and a nail or the like 34 inserted into the fitting hole 34' can be driven in to produce a braced log board with an L-shaped frame (see Fig. 33).

Γ Metal cross-polymerized, unreinforced and unreinforced plywood board If you want to make the plying of log boards into temporary plywood and also incorporate braces, use metal cross-plyed and unreinforced boards with braces 3.
9, Brace assembly 40, C formwork 41 with brace assembly (3rd
(see Figures 4 to 38). Assemble the metal criss-cross plywood board 39 with braces and the assembled braces 40 as shown in Fig. 38, and then assemble the other log board to be superimposed with the log board.
Flat log boards, fireproof and waterproof boards, etc. are erected at equal intervals to the thickness of the retaining board 29, and the braced metal cross overlapping board 39 is fitted 10 into the fitting groove 10' of both objects to be overlapped. If it is inserted, it will be polymerized,
Fit the brace assembly frame 41 and tighten the bolts 3 from the outside.
1 through the nut hole 32' of the set brace 40. The superposition shown in FIG. 38 is completed by attaching fittings 34 such as screws or nails through attachment holes 34' provided in the sleeves of the bracing assembly frame 41.

In addition, 39 cross-overlaps with braces and 4 braces
0, bolt hole 31' (34th, 3rd hole)
5 and 38) are commonly drilled in both objects to be superimposed, and the bolts 31 are passed perpendicular to the plate surfaces of both objects to be superimposed and tightened with nuts 32, the earthquake resistance is further strengthened. Both sleeves of the formwork 41 with the braces can be made as long as desired as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 38.

By using short straight sections of natural wood and stacking them between long frames (example in Figure 39), you can also create long log boards.

A wooden fence (Fig. 40) is made by cutting appropriate parts of a log into a U-shape, sandwiching a short drum piece between the U-shaped parts from both sides, penetrating the through hole 4, and integrally forming a plug 5.

A wooden fence (No. 41
figure).

In the wooden fence (Fig. 42) made by cutting out short pieces of drum material with through holes 4' as shown in Fig. 43, gathering them at the perforations 4, and fixing them with plugs 5 (Fig. 42), the wind flows in the direction indicated by the arrow; Fig. 43. .

The above three types of wooden fences were also newly created (invented) by the present inventor for the purpose of using short materials such as natural forest trees in wooden fences that did not previously exist.

Recently, the government has been urging people to avoid concrete block walls and replace them with hedges or wooden fences, based on the lessons learned from the earthquake. For this purpose, the above three types of wooden fences made of natural wood (Figures 40 to 43) are optimal.

Uses and effects of the present invention: The polymerization of the fireproof waterproof board, which is tens to hundreds of times stronger than mortar walls, has a synergistic effect with various log boards, and exhibits unparalleled strength against earthquakes, fire protection, and ant protection.

The circular shape of the log has a calming and stabilizing effect on the mind.

We mass-produced various tiles 42, etc. glued to fireproof and waterproof boards, etc., and polymerized them into log boards (No. 28).
(Fig.) will produce a strong and beautiful main structural material for construction.

Strictly waterproof fireproof and waterproof boards, etc. are assembled into a box shape by stacking them into polymerized log boards, temporary polymerized log boards, braced polymerized log boards, etc., and connect the polymerized boards by sandwiching synthetic resin pads at the joints. For example, a new aquarium, a new swimming pool, etc. can be manufactured according to the present invention.

The present invention is based on [log boards], and produces [polymerized log boards] by overlapping and punching, [interposed stacked log boards] by cross-plying and punching, and [braced overlapped log boards] by bracing. There is a combination of both spacing polymerization and reinforcement polymerization (metal cross polymerization, unreinforced polymerization board), etc. In addition to this invention, various types of polymerization of flat log boards (patent application C filed on the same day) are available. There are hundreds of different types of combinations, including fireproof waterproofing boards with high-tensile steel cores, soundproofing boards, dust collection boards, solar heat collecting boards, tiled fireproofing and waterproofing boards, etc.

The log board of the present invention is carefully subjected to anti-corrosion and anti-termite measures, and the metal is strictly subjected to anti-rust treatment.

The concentration of the population in cities led to the depopulation of rural areas.
Firewood and charcoal have lost their status as energy sources, and natural forests with no economic value have been left alone, with a total length of 100 meters per year.Ivy grows vertically, horizontally, and diagonally as it pleases, creating natural forests and artificial forests. It distorts young trees, forming a canopy that blocks sunlight and obstructs ventilation, stopping tree growth and killing trees. On the other hand, the blight caused by diseases and pests in the mountains and forests has become more and more severe over the years, and this has been frequently discussed in the Diet as a national issue, and the removal of pesticides by airplane has continued for over a decade, increasing costs and area.

However, the withering of forests due to diseases and pests shows no signs of stopping, and there have been repeated warnings that the devastation of the forests of the Japanese archipelago will only continue to increase.

Due to the devastation, the topsoil and rainwater holding capacity of the whole tree is lost, leading to the onset of mountain muddy flow disasters in mountainous areas, rapid elevation of river beds, onset of river flooding, and water resources such as running water and groundwater veins. The deterioration of the national land due to the devastation of mountains and forests, such as the depletion of forests and the deterioration of the soil underground, is serious.

During the Meiji period, Dereke, a Dutchman who made a great contribution to the improvement of regularly flooded rivers throughout Japan, said, ``What kind of great defenses are destroyed instantly by heavy rain?'' In order to prevent the protection from being destroyed, it is important to carefully protect and nurture the trees in the mountains. He preached that more than 80% of the effort to control rivers must be spent protecting and nurturing mountain trees.

63% of Japan's mountain forests are natural forests (Forestry White Paper), and now the owners of natural forests across Japan sigh that they own the mountains only to collect tax money, and the forests are worthless. The feeling of resentment is deep.

The withdrawal of chemical agents, which has been continued for nearly 20 years at the expense of huge amounts of national funds, has no effect on exterminating pests and has had the opposite effect by exterminating natural enemies and destroying the ecosystem. Tree branches that are not thinned, cleared of lower branches, or cleared of weeds tend to wither, and pests and diseases can enter through these dead branches and cause the tree to die. It was reported that the withdrawal of drugs would be a huge waste of national funds, and that the only fundamental solution to reviving the forests is to employ human resources inherited from our ancestors. However, it is difficult to manually add natural wood that has no economic value or thinned wood that has little use.

Meanwhile, member countries of the Timber Export Organization took legal measures several years later to ban the export of logs for the purpose of environmental conservation and industrial promotion. The price of imported materials continues to rise.

The inventor has no use for it. This invention was finally invented after more than ten years of trying to discover the uses and value of abandoned natural forest trees, thinned wood, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1: Plan of the drum material. Figure 2: Perspective view of drum material with through holes. Figure 3: Perspective view of log board. Figure 4: Perspective view of metal penetration. Figure 5: Perspective view through the metal wrapper. Figure 6:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along the line 1-1 of the drum material in which a fitting groove is formed. 7th
Figure: Excluded perspective view with metal fitting. Figure 8: An exploded perspective view with gold wrap fitting. Fig. 9 to Fig. 13: Schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the wood-assembling method of the wood end and frames 13 to 22. Figure 14: Perspective view of frame log board. Figure 15: Perspective view of a log board with upper and lower frames. 16th
Figure: Perspective view of square frame log board. FIG. 17: A perspective view of an example of using a wedge. Figure 18: Superimposed perspective view. Figure 19: A perspective view of metal polymerization with embedded wood. Figure 20: Perspective view of parallel stacked log boards. Figure 21: Perspective view of +-shaped overlapping log board. Second
Figure 2: Perspective view of a log board with parallel overlapping upper and lower frames. 23rd
Figure: Perspective view of a polymerized log board for earthquake-resistant and fire-resistant roofing materials. Figure 24: Perspective view of fireproof and waterproof board overlapping log board. Figure 25: Perspective view of a polymerized log board with a fireproof and waterproof board. 26th
Figure: Cross-overlapping perspective view. Figure 27: A perspective view of metal cross polymerization. Figure 28: Perspective view of tiled fireproof and waterproof boards with overlapping log boards. Figure 29: Perspective view of a log board with a fireproof waterproof board. Figure 30: Perspective view of braced log board. Figure 31: Schematic diagram of a log board with one bar. 32nd
Figure: Perspective view of mortise and tenon reinforcement. Figure 33: Assembly perspective view of L-shaped frame with mortise and tenon brace. Figure 34: An exploded perspective view of the metal cross section with braces assembled. Figure 35: A perspective view of the assembled muscles. Figures 36 and 37: Perspective view of the U-form frame with braces assembled. Figure 38: Metal cross laminated plate with different braces 39, set braces 4
FIG. 0 is a schematic front view of an integrally assembled U-form frame 41 with braces.
Figure 39: Front view of long log board using short timber. 40th
Figure: Front view of a wooden fence made of short drum wood sandwiched between logs. Figure 41: Perspective view of a wooden fence made of short drum materials assembled at regular intervals and according to regular rules. Figure 42: Front view of a wooden fence with diagonal holes.
Figure 43: Cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the wooden fence with oblique wind holes. 1, 1': center line of the end of the drum wood, 2, 2': parallel plane of the drum wood, 3, 3': circle of the drum wood, 4: penetration,
4': Penetration hole, 5: Plug, 5': Plug hole, 6: Metal penetration, 7: Embedded wood, 7': Opening, 8: Kanemaki penetration, 9,
9″: Punched window, 9″: Single window, 10: Fitted, 10′:
Fitting groove, 11: Metal fitting and removal, 12: Metal fitting and removal,
13-22: Frame (configuration example), 23: Vertical frame, 24:
Wedge, 24': Split, 25: Polymer extraction, 25': Short polymerization extraction, 26: Metal polymerization extraction with embedded wood, 27: Fireproof waterproof board, 28: Cross polymerization extraction, 29: Interval board, 30: Metal cross Polymerization removal, 31: Bolt, 31': Bolt hole,
32: Nut, 32': Nut hole, 33: Bracing,
34: Mounting tool, 34': Mounting hole, 35: 1 straight brace,
36: Mortise and tenon, 37: Tenon, 37': Mortise,
38: L-shaped frame plate, 39: Metal cross overlapping extraction with brace assembly, 40: Bracing assembly, 41: C-form frame with brace assembly, 4
2: Tile board, etc., 43: Wind hole, 44: Earthquake-resistant and fire-resistant roofing material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 A log is cut symmetrically and parallelly from the center line of the end of the log to obtain a drum material, and each drum material is made with a plurality of through holes that pass orthogonally through the parallel planes, and the parallel planes are joined and the through holes are made. A suitable number of drum materials lined up with punched holes are lined up, and each hole is penetrated, and from the circle of drum materials lined up,
A log board with plugs driven into the plug holes drilled perpendicularly through each penetration. 2 Cut the log symmetrically and parallelly from the center line of the end of the log to make drum wood.Multiple through holes are drilled in each drum wood that pass orthogonally through the parallel planes, and the parallel planes are joined and the through holes are lined up. A suitable number of drum materials are arranged in the through holes, and each hole is penetrated, and from the circle of drum materials lined up,
In the plug hole drilled perpendicularly through each penetration, a brace groove in the form of a brace is drilled on one side of the log board into which the plug is driven, and a brace groove is further drilled in the brace groove. Bottle holes that are common to the bottle holes in the braces are also drilled, and brace grooves and bolt holes are also provided at symmetrical points on the polymerization surfaces of the materials to be polymerized, such as log boards, flat log boards, fireproof waterproof boards, etc. A log board in which the log board, braces, and polymerized material are integrated with bolts and nuts. 3 Cut the log parallel to the center line of the end of the log to make drum wood. Drill a through hole that passes orthogonally through the parallel planes of the drum material. It is manufactured by joining the parallel planes of the drum materials, arranging them, penetrating the through plate into the through hole, accumulating the drum materials, drilling a plug hole from the circle of the drum material that passes orthogonally through the through hole, and driving a plug into the plug hole. A suitable surface of the log board is bored out in the shape of a brace, a brace groove is provided, and a bottle hole that is common to the bottle hole of the brace is also drilled to create a log board with brace grooves and bolt holes. Bracing grooves and bolt holes are also provided at the target locations on the polymerization surface of the material to be polymerized, such as log boards, flat log boards, fireproof waterproof boards, etc. A braced overlapping log board is manufactured by inserting braces between the two overlapping objects, passing bolts through common bolt holes, and tightening them with nuts.