JPH04244585A - Drying method of grains - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce drying time by distributing and filling loaded grains into an air-drying chamber of a grain drying chamber and controlling the drying speed so that it may be fixed in any drying chamber. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of grain drying devices B1, B2 and ...Bn are installed in parallel where a common filling conveyer 39 and a discharge conveyer 34 are installed between these drying devices. As for the aforesaid drying processing method, the presence of an air drying device is decided out of the grain drying chambers B1, B2...Bn. Selection control is carried out from a control chamber not illustrated herein to designate in which drying chamber grains are to be filled. In a similar manner, drying control is carried out so as to substantially fix grain drying speed in any drying chamber. As described above, unloaded grains are properly distributed to a suitable drying chamber where they can be dried under a minimum filling state, which makes it possible finish drying operation in a short time.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain drying method for a large-scale grain processing apparatus that processes a large amount of received grain.

0002

[Prior Art] In order to dry grain harvested by a combine harvester or the like individually, for example, by variety, person who brought it in, etc., a plurality of grain drying devices are installed, and the required number of grain drying devices are activated as needed to dry the grain. was going on. In other words, when the types of grains received are the same, they are loaded into the same storage section for drying so that they can be finished drying all at once using the same equipment, and when the amount of grains received is large and cannot be covered by loading in one storage section, A pair of cooling tank sections provided therein functioned as a storage section, and the refining space for circulating grains was designed to be able to handle twice the amount of charging as a storage section and a cooling tank.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, although it is possible to accommodate different types of grains and people who bring them in, the time required for drying grains is the same as before, and it takes a long time.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] This invention attempts to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and includes grain drying apparatuses B1, B2...
A common tension conveyor 3 is installed between them.
9 and a discharge conveyor 34 are provided, and the received grains are arbitrarily loaded into any of the drying devices B1, B2, etc. and dried, and the dried grains are transferred to the discharge conveyor 34 at any time and discharged and conveyed to a predetermined part. In the drying method, the received grain is distributed to the drying device by determining the presence or absence of an air drying device among the grain drying devices B1, B2, etc., and
The drying is controlled so that the drying speed in each drying device is approximately constant.

[0005]

[Operations and Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, it is possible to distribute the received grain and dry it with a small amount of loaded grain, compared to the case where a large amount of grain is dried all at once. It can be completed in a short time.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. Figure 1 shows a grain drying and preparation device, with a grain receiving pit A in the building, a plurality of grain drying devices B, B, etc. in the vicinity of the pit A, a storage hopper C, a hulling device D, a weighing device E. In addition, elevators and other equipment are installed to transport and supply grain between each device.

Of these, there are four grain drying devices B, B, etc. in the illustrated example, and two of them, B1, are located closer to the pit A.
, B1 have the following configuration. That is, it consists of a grain drying section 4 in which a storage section 1, an aeration drying section 2, and a grain collecting section 3 are stacked vertically, and a cooling tank 5 placed on the top of the frame of the four grain drying sections. These are constructed in the shape of a vertically long rectangular parallelepiped. Among these, the ventilation drying section 2 of the grain drying section 4
is a four-tank grain flow passage 6 formed by a permeable side wall,
6... on the left and right, hot air chambers 7, 7 and exhaust chambers 8, 8...
The air sucked and ventilated by the suction fan 9 is hot-aired by the burner 10, and the hot air is applied to the grains flowing down the grain-flowing passages 6, 6, . . . 11,
Reference numerals 11, . . . are delivery valves disposed at the lower portions of the grain flow passages 6, 6, . . . for gradually causing grain to flow down.

A horizontal transfer gutter 13 equipped with a transfer spiral 12 is provided at the lower part of the grain collection section 3 which receives the grains fed out from each of the above-mentioned feed-out valves 11, 11, and collects them in the center side, and a lateral transfer gutter 13 with a transfer spiral 12 is provided at the bottom of the grain collection section 3, which receives the grains fed out from each of the feed-out valves 11, 11, . The 14th section is connected to the elevator 15. This elevator 15 is located on the back side of each machine frame of the grain drying section 4 and the cooling tank 5, and is erected at a slightly higher height than the cooling tank 5. Inside the elevator 15, an endless belt with buckets attached at predetermined intervals is wound between upper and lower pulleys, and is configured to scoop up grains, etc. from the joint opening 14 and throw them toward the dumping opening 16 at the upper part. It is said that

[0009] Also, a switching valve 17 is provided at the outlet 16.
It has a configuration in which it can be selectively supplied to the first opening (a) and the second opening (b) according to the switching operation. The discharge side end of the first opening A is exposed to a communication pipe 18 located before and behind the ceiling of the storage section 1 and connected to the starting end of a circulation transfer gutter 20 having a built-in transfer spiral 19. On the other hand, the second opening (b) looks into the starting end side of the cooling transfer gutter 22, which incorporates the transfer spiral 21 and is arranged in the same manner on the ceiling on the side of the cooling tank 5.

The above-mentioned transfer spiral 19 gutter 20 and transfer spiral 2
1 gutter 22 is extended to the upper central position of each tank section, and can supply water to the rotating diffusion plate 23 or 24. The cooling tank 5 includes a cooling section 25 having approximately the same capacity as the storage section 1 of the grain drying section 4, and a cooling section 25 located at the lower part of the cooling section 25, which is formed into a V-shaped section and two tanks, each of which has a discharge transfer gutter 26, 26. It consists of a feeding part 27 formed in a. The feeding section 27 is equipped with transfer spirals 28, 28 for discharging the collected grains that are successively flowing down to be horizontally transferred.

A bottom valve 30 is provided at the bottom of each discharge transfer gutter 26, and the bottom can be opened by rotating the bottom valve appropriately around a fulcrum. With the switching operation of the bottom valve 30, grains from the feeding section 27 can flow down into the storage section 1 on the side of the grain drying section 4 through the open ceiling section C of the grain drying section 4. In addition, these discharge transfer spirals 28, 2
Each transfer terminal end side of 8 is made to protrude to the outside of the machine frame, and the protruding part is passed to the transfer troughs 31, 31 attached to the outer surface of the machine frame, and the flow guide tube is connected from each discharge port (not shown) on the end side. Part 33
, 33, and is supplied to a discharge conveyor 34 in the form of a belt conveyor.

The supply starting end side of the circulation transfer gutter 20 is located outside the machine frame, and a hopper 32 is provided so as to be able to see into the lower part of the communication pipe 18, and the transfer gutter is located directly below the connecting portion of the hopper 32. A discharge port is formed on the lower side of the discharge port 20 and is configured to be opened and closed by an on-off valve (not shown), and a guide cylinder portion 35 is connected thereto. The circulation transfer gutter 20 is located between the left and right discharge transfer gutter 26, and each guide cylinder portion 33,
33 and 35 are installed side by side on the left and right, and the discharge conveyor 3
4 along the transport direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the grain drying devices B2 and B2, which are provided a little apart from the grain drying devices B1 and B1, are constructed without a cooling tank. That is, the storage section 36 with a large capacity, the ventilation drying section 37, and the grain collection section 38 are arranged vertically one on top of the other, and these sections are formed in a vertically long rectangular parallelepiped shape. Among these, the ventilation drying section 37 and the grain collecting section 38 are constructed similarly to the ventilation drying section 2 or the grain collecting section 3, and are indicated using the same reference numerals. Here, the cooling transfer gutter 22 can be abolished and the upper transfer gutter 23 is located at the top, a discharge port is provided on the starting end side so that it can be freely opened and closed, and a member equivalent to the discharge pipe 18 is disposed to connect the grains to the surface of the discharge conveyor 34. Configured to be ejectable.

The discharge conveyor 34 is provided to connect the grain drying apparatuses B1, B1, B2, and B2 installed on the left and right sides, and is located in the space between the rear side of the machine frame of each apparatus and the elevator 15. It is installed and supported on the machine frame and the elevator 15 frame as appropriate. The discharge conveyor 34 is configured to be interlocked in forward and reverse directions, and by interlocking in the reverse direction, the grain can be conveyed to the pit A side, and the grain can be transferred from its terminal end (the end on the pit A approach side) to the pitching conveyor described later. It is the composition.

Reference numeral 39 denotes a tension conveyor provided below and parallel to the discharge conveyor 34, which is in the form of a flight conveyor or a belt conveyor, and whose box-shaped frame portion is supported and fixed to the box-shaped frame portion of the discharge conveyor 34. ing. This tensioning conveyor 39 is configured to be interlocked in forward and reverse directions. A discharge port (not shown) is provided in the middle of the above-mentioned loading conveyor 39, and an on-off valve (not shown) is provided in these, and a plurality of grain drying devices B1, B2...individual elevators 15 are connected to each other. Guide tube 4
0, 40... are connected.

The elevator 41 from the pit A is provided so as to be able to supply grain to the loading conveyor 39, and the dried grains from the discharge conveyor 34 are supplied to the storage hopper C via the elevator 42. The rice hulling device D is of a known form,
It consists of a husking department, a paddy and brown rice sorting department, etc. A weighing device E is disposed on the brown rice outlet side of the paddy/brown rice sorting section, so that the rice is packed into bags according to a predetermined weight.

[0017] In detecting the amount of filling and monitoring the drying speed, the amount of filling detection sensors 42, 42... and the moisture meter 43 are used.
Needless to say, it is necessary to provide In the illustrated example, pressure type detection sensors are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction of the side wall of each storage section, and the amount of grain loaded can be detected based on their ON/OFF signals. A total of 43 average moisture values at predetermined time intervals are determined, and the drying rate can be calculated from the difference from the previous detected value and the elapsed time.

The operation of the above example will be explained. Grain harvested in a field, such as paddy, is transported by truck or the like and put into pit A. The grain received in this pit A is transported to elevator 4.
1 and supplied to the starting end side of the tensioning conveyor 39. Selective control from the control room (not shown) specifies which grain drying device B is to be loaded with grain, and when the loading switch (not shown) is turned ON, a predetermined loading on/off valve opens, and the loading conveyor The grains transferred by No. 39 are loaded and supplied into the specified drying device B1 or B2 (for example, the drying device B2 at the right end of the figure) (FIG. 7(b)).

Next, the grain accommodation status of the remaining storage sections is determined by inputting the grain loading sensor information, and the currently empty storage sections 1 and 1 are checked.
For example, if one of the storage sections 1 and 1 and the other storage section 36 are empty, the above-mentioned filling amount is detected and the filling amount divided into three is calculated. death,
These are distributed to the storage parts 1 and 36 (see figure (c)).
). This distribution is performed by receiving raw paddy discharged from the drying device B2 at the right end on the discharge conveyor 34 and returning it to the starting end side of the tensioning conveyor 39 by interlocking the reverse rotation. A predetermined amount is newly loaded into the nearby grain drying device B1 and other devices B2.

When the distribution is completed, the reference hot air temperature by the burner 6 is calculated, and drying by each drying device is started (
Figure (d)). At this time, since all the ventilation drying sections 2, 2... are configured in the same manner and contain approximately equal volumes of grain divided into three, the setting of the hot air temperature is the same, and in any drying device. Approximately equal drying rates are obtained.

As the process of drying and circulation tempering is repeated, a preset finishing moisture value is reached and drying is completed, but the drying time is shortened because the grains are distributed. The thus finished grain in the storage section 1 on the side of the grain drying device B1 is selectively discharged into the cooling tank 5 or directly to the external discharge conveyor 34 ((e) in the same figure). . Incidentally, the grain dried and finished in the grain drying devices B2 and B2 is normally discharged onto the discharge conveyor 34 and discharged outside the machine. It is possible to search for the cooling tank 5 in which it is located and transfer to it ((f) in the same figure). In this case, the grains in the storage portions 36 of the grain drying devices B2, B2 are transferred to the loading conveyor 39 via the discharge conveyor 34 which is interlocked with reverse rotation, and are transferred to the predetermined cooling tank 5 via the elevator 15 of the grain drying device B1. It can be stored inside.

[0022] During distribution and drying, when new grains of different varieties are received, the distribution drying is interrupted. That is, the previously distributed grain is transferred to the discharge conveyor 34.
, and is returned to the grain drying device B2, which is the initial tensioning position, via the tensioning conveyor 39, and drying is continued. As a result, new grain can be loaded into the vacant storage section 1 or 36 and dried.

[0023] At this time, since the grains that have been recombined are dried at the same drying speed during distribution drying, the drying after the recombination is carried out with little variation in moisture content, which does not impede the drying finish. does not come. In the above embodiment, it is easy to set the drying speed because the drying is done in three equal parts, but it is possible to set the same drying speed even if the amount of filling is changed as appropriate. B1
It is possible to appropriately distribute the processing capacity of B2 to B2.

[0024] Regarding the drying method of the grain drying apparatuses B1 and B1, which are equipped with the storage section 1 and the cooling tank 5, depending on the amount of grain to be loaded, if the amount is below standard, only the storage section 1 is loaded with grain, The switching valve 17 opens the opening A, and the dried grains passing through the ventilation drying section 2 are transferred to the elevator 15, the circulation transfer gutter 20,
A single drying mode in which drying and tempering are repeated while circulating through the diffusion plate 23, and the above-mentioned switching valve 17 when the temperature exceeds the standard.
By opening the opening RO and opening the bottom valve 30, it is possible to switch to a double drying mode in which the cooling tank 5 is used as a part of the storage section. The dried grains pass through the elevator 15, the cooling transfer gutter 22, and the diffusion plate 24, and reach the cooling tank 5.
It further flows down the feeding section and reaches the storage section 1.

[0025] In the drying system in which the grain drying devices B1, B1 having the storage section 1 and the cooling tank 5 and the standard grain drying devices B2, B2 are installed together as in the above embodiment, it is expected that the received grain will exceed the standard. grain drying equipment B
By receiving the grains into the standard grain dryers B2, B2 rather than receiving them in the double drying mode, the grain dryers B1, B1 are prepared to handle small-lot shipments.

In the drying system in which the grain dryers B1, B1 of the above embodiment and the standard grain dryers B2, B2 are installed together, the grain dryers B1, B1 are installed on the side closer to the pit A, and then the standard grain dryers B1, B1 are installed on the side closer to the pit A. Although the grain drying devices B2 and B2 are arranged in the above example, they may be installed in the opposite manner. By combining the loading conveyor 39 and the discharge conveyor 34 of the embodiment described above, it is possible to perform grain rotation and prevent grain stuffiness due to increases in grain temperature, etc. That is, the discharge conveyor 34 can be interlocked in forward and reverse directions, and can be transferred from the discharge conveyor 34 to the lower loading conveyor 39. The conveyor 39, elevator 15, and other cooling tank 5 are transferred in this order.

When the grain in tank 5 is left to cool for a predetermined period of time, when a discharge switch (not shown) is turned on, the grain is transferred to the next hulling device D, where it is dehulled and the paddy and brown rice are sorted. will be exposed. In the embodiment described above, the discharge conveyor 34 has been described as a belt conveyor, but the conveyor may have any form. In particular, by forming a part of the terminal side following the belt conveyor as a discharge conveyor into a spiral conveyor form, and by constructing a mesh frame body 45 with an appropriate mesh around the outer periphery of the spiral 44, small-diameter immature grains contained in dried grains can be removed. It is possible to remove grains and scallions, which is convenient for later preparation work.

The grain transferred by the discharge conveyor 34 is supplied into the storage hopper C by the elevator 42, and after waiting for the completion of the subsequent hulling process, it is supplied from the hopper C to the hulling device D, and the grain after the hulling is removed. The brown rice is packed into bags in predetermined amounts by a weighing device E, or is stored in a finishing tank (not shown) and then weighed in a weighing hopper (not shown).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the entire system.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the entire grain drying apparatus B1.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the entire grain drying apparatus B1.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the entire grain drying apparatus B1.

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the entire grain drying apparatus B1.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the entire grain drying device B2.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the action.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing another example of the discharge conveyor.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Receiving pit B1, B2 Grain drying device C Storage hopper D Hulling device E Weighing device
1 Storage section 2 Ventilation drying section 3 Grain collection section
4 Grain drying section 5 Cooling tank 6, 6 Grain flow passage 7, 7 Hot air chamber 8, 8 Exhaust chamber 9 Suction fan
10 Burner 13 Horizontal transfer gutter 15 Lifting machine
17 Switching valve A First opening B Second opening
20 Circulation transfer gutter 22 Cooling transfer gutter 25 Cooling part
26, 26 Discharge transfer gutter 30 Bottom valve 31, 31
Transfer gutter 33, 33 Downstream guide tube 34 Discharge conveyor 35 Guide tube 39 Pitching conveyor 42, 42 Pitching amount detection sensor 43 Moisture meter

Claims (4)

[Claims] Claim 1: A plurality of grain drying devices B1, B2, etc. are installed together, and a common loading conveyor 39 and discharge conveyor 34 are provided between them, so that the received grain can be transferred to any of the drying devices B.
1, B2..., and the dried grains are transferred to the discharge conveyor 34 at an arbitrary time and discharged to a predetermined part. A grain drying method, which comprises determining the presence or absence of an air drying device, distributing grain to the air drying device, and controlling drying so that the drying speed in each drying device is substantially constant. [Claim 2] The received grain is transferred to grain drying devices B1, B2...
2. The method of drying grains according to claim 1, wherein the grain drying method comprises distributing the grains in equal amounts. 3. The grain drying method according to claim 1, wherein the grain drying devices B1, B1, . . . are configured as a pair of a cooling section and a grain drying section. [Claim 4] Some of the grain drying devices B2, B2... have a pair structure of a cooling section 5 and a grain drying section 4, and the others have a structure consisting only of a grain drying section without a cooling section 5. The grain drying method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: