JPH04267601A - Primary radiator for both circularly and linearly polarized waves - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To implement BS and CS reception without reduction in the reception gain by arranging a primary radiator coaxially so as to make its center coincident with a focus of a reflector. CONSTITUTION:One end of a slot 2 between cylinders 1, 3 is used for an exit/entrance of an electromagnetic wave being a circularly polarized wave and the other end is used for termination face 13. A phase circuit 10 is provided between an aperture and the termination face. An output means is provided at a position at which a circularly polarized signal made incident in the aperture is converted into a linearly polarized wave signal. One end of the inside of the small diameter cylinder 3 is used for the exit/entrance of the linearly polarized wave signal and a circular waveguide 6 is connected to the other end. The waveguide 6 is prolonged and an output means for a horizontally polarized wave signal and a vertically wave signal is provided between the prolonged part and the termination face 8. Through the constitution above, primary radiators 36, 37 are arranged coaxially and a focus of a reflector 35 comes to its center. The reflector is directed in the broadcast satellite direction at the BS reception and the communication satellite direction at CS reception. The common use primary radiator able to receive signals without deterioration in the reception gain is realized.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a BS and CS shared primary system that can receive both satellite broadcasting (BS) using circularly polarized waves and communication satellites (CS) using linearly polarized waves. This is related to a radiator, and when used on the receiving side, it picks up CS signals transmitted with horizontal and vertical polarization, and converts BS signals transmitted with circular polarization into linear polarization. When used on the transmitting side, it can be used as a radiator to radiate horizontally polarized and vertically polarized signals, and can also be used as a radiator to convert linearly polarized waves to circularly polarized waves. It relates to a device which can also be used as a radiating circularly polarized wave generator.

0002

[Prior Art] A conventional BS and CS antenna is shown in Fig. 8.
As shown in the figure, the primary radiator 36 for BS and the primary radiator 37 for CS are attached to the same reflector 35 side by side, and the focus of the reflector 35 is shifted, so that the primary radiator 36 for BS is attached to the focal point of one end of the reflector 35. so that it is located,
A primary radiator 37 for CS is placed at the focus of the other end of the reflector 35.
was positioned so that the reflector 35 was oriented in the direction of each satellite to receive BS radio waves and CS radio waves.

0003

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, since the focus of the reflector is shifted, there is a problem that the gain obtained from each primary radiator is reduced. The present invention is based on B.S.
By using a primary radiator with a primary radiator for BS and a primary radiator for CS arranged coaxially, and arranging them so that the center of the coaxial arrangement is at the focal point of the reflector, the reception gain of BS and CS can be increased. The purpose is to enable reception without deterioration.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] Fig. 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of a primary radiator for both BS and CS according to the present invention, in which two cylinders (1 and 3) having different diameters are arranged coaxially. A groove 2 is provided between the cylinders, one end of the groove 2 is an opening that can input and output circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, the other end of the groove 2 is a termination surface 13, and the opening and the termination inside the groove 2 are Phase circuit 1 between planes 13
0, and a signal output means, for example, a probe 11 is provided at a position where the circularly polarized signal incident on the aperture is converted into a linearly polarized signal by the in-phase circuit 10, and the probe 1
1 to transmit a signal to the BS converter, one end of the inside of the cylinder 3 having a smaller diameter than the two cylinders is an opening capable of inputting and outputting a linearly polarized signal, and a circular waveguide 6 is provided at the other end of the cylinder 3.
The same circular waveguide 6 is joined and the same circular waveguide 6 is extended to provide a termination surface 8, and a linearly polarized wave signal output means, for example, a horizontally polarized wave Providing rectangular waveguides 7 and 9 corresponding to the signal and the vertically polarized signal, respectively,
Isogonal waveguides 7 and 9 are used to transmit horizontally polarized signals and vertically polarized signals to each CS converter.

[0005]

[Operation] According to the above-described configuration, the present invention uses a primary radiator in which a primary radiator for CS and a primary radiator for BS are coaxially arranged, and the center of the coaxially arranged primary radiator is located at the reflector. By arranging it so that it is in the focal point, it prevents a decrease in gain and transmits satellite broadcasting (BS) radio waves and communication satellites (C
I am trying to receive radio waves from S). FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the BS and CS shared primary radiator of the present invention, in which two cylinders (1 and 3) with different diameters are arranged coaxially, and the two cylinders have a small diameter. One end of the interior of the cylinder 3 is an opening capable of inputting and outputting a linearly polarized signal, and the inner wall of the cylinder 3 is made an inclined surface, and the diameter of the opening is reduced so as to form a substantially conical horn shape, and the opening is joined to the cylindrical portion. A circular waveguide 6 having the same inner diameter as that of the cylindrical portion is joined to the other end of the cylinder 3, and the circular waveguide 6 is extended to provide a termination surface 8, which is connected to the joining point of the circular waveguide 6. The configuration is such that a linearly polarized signal output means is provided in the middle of the termination surface 8.

The center of the cylinder 3 is placed at the focal point of the reflector so that the linearly polarized signal of the communication satellite (CS) is incident, and the orthogonal horizontally polarized signal and vertically polarized signal of the communication satellite (CS) are As a means for outputting signals corresponding to each of the wave signals, for example, rectangular waveguides 7 and 9 are joined to the circular waveguide 6, and the rectangular waveguide 9 joined below the circular waveguide 6 can be used horizontally. A polarized signal is extracted, and a vertically polarized signal is extracted using a rectangular waveguide 7 horizontally joined to a circular waveguide 6.
The rectangular waveguides 7 and 9 transmit horizontally polarized signals and vertically polarized signals to each CS converter. A groove 2 is provided between the two coaxially arranged cylinders (1 and 3) having different diameters, and one end of the groove 2 is used as an opening for inputting and outputting circularly polarized electromagnetic waves into the outer cylinder 1. The inner wall of the groove 2 and the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 3 are tapered, the other end of the groove 2 is a terminal end surface 13, and the opening inside the groove 2 and the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 3 are tapered.
A phase circuit 10 is provided between the three apertures, and a signal output means is provided at a position where the circularly polarized signal incident on the aperture is converted into a linearly polarized signal by the same phase circuit 10.

As in the case of receiving the communication satellite (CS) described above, the center of the cylinder 3 is placed at the focal point of the reflector so that the circularly polarized wave signal of the satellite broadcast (BS) is incident on the groove 2. Make it. FIG. 3 shows BS and C showing an embodiment of the present invention.
It is an explanatory diagram of the electric field distribution mode of electromagnetic waves in the cylindrical waveguide of the S shared primary radiator, and the outer cylinder 1 is used as the phase circuit 10.
Metal lumps 14 and 15 are provided on opposing arcuate portions of the inner wall of the inner wall, so that the surfaces of the opposing arcuate portions are planar. If the horizontal direction is the X axis and the vertical direction is the Y axis, groove 2
The circularly polarized wave signal incident on the groove 2 is divided into mode 1, which has an electric field component in the X-axis direction, as shown in the left figure, and mode 2, which has an electric field component in the Y-axis direction, as shown in the right figure. Becomes propagated.

Since the metal lumps 14 and 15 are attached to the upper and lower parts of the cylinder 1, the width of electromagnetic wave propagation is narrower in the Y-axis direction than in the X-axis direction, and therefore, the wavelength in the tube is smaller in mode 1. Mode 1 because it becomes longer and the phase velocity becomes faster.
A deviation occurs between the phases of mode 2 and mode 2. Circularly polarized waves have two orthogonal electric fields, modes 1 and 2, whose phases are shifted by 90 degrees.
By extending the lengths of the metal blocks 14 and 15 in the direction in which the electromagnetic waves propagate so that the length of the metal blocks 14 and 15 increases by a certain degree, circularly polarized electromagnetic waves can be converted to linearly polarized electromagnetic waves. For example, a probe 11 is attached to the side surface of the cylinder 1 using a fixture 12 as a signal output means at a position where it is converted into a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave.
The linearly polarized electromagnetic wave excites the probe 11 with an electrical signal, and the probe 11 transmits the electrical signal to the BS converter.

[0009]

[Embodiment] FIG. 2 shows BS and C showing an embodiment of the present invention.
These are a front view and a vertical cross-sectional view of the S shared primary radiator, the left figure shows a front view of the BS and CS shared primary radiator, and the right figure shows a vertical cross-sectional view of the left figure broken along the break line nm. It shows. Two cylinders (1 and 3) with different diameters are coaxially arranged, a groove 2 is provided between the cylinders, one end of the groove 2 is an opening that can input and output circularly polarized electromagnetic waves, and the outer The inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the outer wall surface of the inner cylinder 3 are tapered, and the other end of the groove 2 serves as a terminal end surface 13. A phase circuit is provided between the opening inside the groove 2 and the end surface 13, and the phase circuit is provided in an opposing arcuate portion of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 so that the surface of the arcuate portion is flat. metal lumps 14 and 1
5, the plane is parallel to the direction of the electric field of one of the two orthogonal modes of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the groove 2, and the lengths of the metal blocks 14 and 15 in the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave are set in the phase circuit. The length is such that an incident circularly polarized signal is converted into a linearly polarized signal.

As a means for outputting a signal converted into a linearly polarized wave, a rectangular waveguide 16 is connected to the side surface of the outer cylinder 1 through a slit 20, and the horizontal direction is set as the X axis as shown in the left figure. , when the vertical direction is the Y-axis, electromagnetic waves propagate inside the cylinder 1 in the electric field distribution mode as shown in Figure 3, and the electric field that is the combination of the electric field component in the X-axis direction and the electric field component in the Y-axis direction. A slit 20 is provided so as to be parallel to the direction,
The tube axis 17 of the rectangular waveguide 16 is set at approximately 45 degrees with respect to the wave tube 1
6 and transmits the signal to the BS converter. The inner cylinder 3 has one end thereof as an opening for inputting and outputting a linearly polarized signal, and the inner wall of the cylinder 3 as an inclined surface.
The diameter of the opening is reduced to form a cylindrical part so that it has a substantially conical horn shape, and a circular waveguide 6 having the same inner diameter as the cylindrical part is joined to the other end of the cylinder 3, as shown in the figure on the right. I have to.

33 shown in the right figure is a notch line of the circular waveguide 6, and the tip of the circular waveguide 6 is provided with output means for a linearly polarized wave signal and a termination surface 8 as shown in FIG. It is being A linearly polarized signal from a communication satellite (CS) is made incident on the center of the cylinder 3, and means for outputting signals corresponding to each of the orthogonal horizontally polarized signal and vertically polarized signal from the communication satellite (CS) is provided. For example, the rectangular waveguides 7 and 9 are joined to the circular waveguide 6, and the rectangular waveguide 9 is joined below the circular waveguide 6.
A horizontally polarized wave signal is extracted with a rectangular waveguide 7 connected horizontally to a circular waveguide 6, and a vertically polarized wave signal is extracted with a rectangular waveguide 7 connected horizontally to a circular waveguide 6. The signal is transmitted to each CS converter.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the electric field distribution of the higher-order mode of TE21 generated inside the cylinder 1. When the higher-order mode was generated inside the cylinder 1, the electric field distribution was disturbed and converted into linearly polarized waves. Since it becomes difficult to output the signal, it is possible to prevent the generation of higher-order modes by using a short-circuiting metal plate as a mode filter in parallel to the direction of the strong electric field of the higher-order modes of TE21. . The metal plates are two metal plates 18 and 19 provided in the groove 2 as shown in the left diagram of FIG.
The metal plates are sandwiched on both sides by the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3, and are arranged on opposing circumferential parts of the cylinder so as to be substantially perpendicular to the tube axis 17. , metal plates 18 (not shown) and 19 as shown in the right figure of FIG.
is attached to the terminal surface 13 at a substantially right angle, and the metal plate 1
The heights of the terminals 8 and 19 from the end surface 13 are set to be lower than the mounting position of the linearly polarized signal output means.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
They are a front view and a vertical cross-sectional view of a primary radiator shared by S and CS, and the left figure shows a front view of a primary radiator shared by BS and CS,
The right figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left figure taken along the breaking line nm. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the two metal plates 18 and 19 used as the mode filter are removed, and the metal blocks 14 and 15 used as the phase circuit are extended to the end surface 13 of the groove 2. I'm trying to extend it. By extending the phase circuit to the termination surface 13, the phase at the position where the rectangular waveguide 16 is joined as a signal output means is determined by the groove 2.
The difference in phase between the opening of the groove 2 and the joining position of the rectangular waveguide 16 due to the phase circuit, and the difference between the termination surface 13 of the groove 2 and the rectangular waveguide 1
Since this is the sum of the phase shift caused by the phase circuit up to the joining position of No. 6, the length of the groove 2 in the depth direction can be made shorter than that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
They are a front view and a vertical cross-sectional view of a primary radiator shared by S and CS, and the left figure shows a front view of a primary radiator shared by BS and CS,
The right figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left figure taken along the breaking line nm. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is that two metal plates 23
and 24 are provided on the end surface 13 of the groove 2. The metal plate 23 is held between the flat part of the metal lump 21 attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3, and the metal plate 24 is held between the flat part of the metal lump 22 attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 1. and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3, and are arranged on opposite circumferential parts of the cylinder 3, and are parallel to the direction of the electric field of one of the two orthogonal modes of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the groove 2. The electric field is placed in the Y-axis direction as a reflector to reflect the same electric field, and the other electric field in the X-axis direction of the two orthogonal modes is reflected at the end surface 13 of the groove 2, thereby reducing the reflection path difference between the two modes. The phase at the position where the rectangular waveguide 16 is joined as a signal output means is determined by the metal lumps 21 and 22 between the opening of the groove 2 and the joining position of the rectangular waveguide 16. The amount of phase shift due to the phase circuit composed of
4, the length of the groove 2 in the depth direction can be made shorter than that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. In the same embodiment, the phase circuit composed of the metal blocks 21 and 22 is deleted, and the width of the metal plates 23 and 24 is extended to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the phase circuit composed of the metal plates 23 and 24 is The circularly polarized electromagnetic wave incident on the groove 2 may be converted into a linearly polarized signal by a circuit.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
They are a front view and a vertical cross-sectional view of a primary radiator shared by S and CS, and the left figure shows a front view of a primary radiator shared by BS and CS,
The right figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the left figure taken along the breaking line nm. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is that a probe 25 is used instead of the rectangular waveguide 16 as a signal output means. The mounting angle of the probe 25 is set at approximately 45 degrees with respect to the X-axis or Y-axis in order to match the direction of the electric field that combines two orthogonal modes of electromagnetic waves propagating in the groove 2. The probe 25 is inserted into the interior from the outside and is fixed to the side surface of the cylinder 1 with a fixture 26. The mounting position in the depth direction of the groove 2 is such that the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave incident on the groove 2 is converted into a linearly polarized signal. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the probe 25 may be used instead of the rectangular waveguide 16 as a signal output means. The mounting position of the probe 25 is the same as the example shown in FIG.

[0016]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, B
The primary radiators for S and CS are arranged coaxially, and the reflector is placed on the reflector so that its focal point is at the center of the coaxial arrangement, and when receiving BS, the reflector is oriented in the direction of the broadcasting satellite. By directing the radiator toward the communication satellite during CS reception, it is possible to provide a BS and CS common primary radiator that can receive BS and CS without reducing the reception gain.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram explaining the principle of a BS and CS shared primary radiator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a primary radiator shared by BS and CS, showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an electric field distribution mode of electromagnetic waves within a cylindrical waveguide of a BS and CS shared primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of electric field distribution in higher-order modes.

FIG. 5 is a front view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a primary radiator shared by BS and CS, showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a primary radiator shared by BS and CS, showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a primary radiator shared by BS and CS, showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional BS and CS antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Cylinder 2 groove 3 Cylinder 6 Circular waveguide 7 Square waveguide 8 End surface 9 Square waveguide 10 Phase circuit 11 Probe 12 Fixing tool 13 End surface 14 Metal lump 15 Metal lump 16 Square waveguide 17 Tube shaft 18 Metal plate 19 Metal plate 20 slit 21 Metal lump 22 Metal lump 23 Metal plate 24 Metal plate 25 Probe 26 Fixing tool 30 Notch line 31 Notch line 32 Notch line 33 Notch line 34 Center line 35 Reflector 36 Primary radiator 37 Primary radiator

Claims (4)

[Claims] Claim 1: Two cylinders with different diameters, large and small, are coaxially arranged, a groove is provided between the cylinders, one end of the groove is an opening through which circularly polarized electromagnetic waves can be input and output, and the other end of the groove is an opening capable of inputting and outputting circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. A phase circuit is provided between the opening and the termination surface inside the groove, and a signal is provided at a position where the circularly polarized signal incident on the opening is converted into a linearly polarized signal by the same phase circuit. an output means is provided, and the signal is transmitted to the converter by the output means,
One end of the inside of the two cylinders with a small diameter is made into an opening capable of inputting and outputting a linearly polarized wave signal, and a circular waveguide is joined to the other end of the cylinder, and the circular waveguide is extended and terminated. A circular waveguide is provided with a plane, an output means for a linearly polarized wave signal is provided between the joint point of the same circular waveguide and the end surface, and the signal is transmitted to another converter different from the above by the output means. Primary radiator for both polarized and linearly polarized waves. 2. The phase circuit is made of a metal block provided on opposing circular arc portions of the inner wall of the outer cylinder so that the surface of the circular arc portion is flat, and the flat surface is configured to prevent electromagnetic waves propagating within the groove. The direction of the electric field is parallel to one of the two orthogonal modes, and the length of the metal block in the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation is the length at which the circularly polarized signal input to the phase circuit is converted into a linearly polarized signal. 2. The primary radiator for both circularly and linearly polarized waves according to claim 1. 3. The phase circuit comprises two metal plates provided on the end face of the groove, and both sides of the metal plates are sandwiched between an inner wall of an outer cylinder and an outer wall of an inner cylinder constituting the groove. At least, they are arranged on opposite circumferential parts of the cylinder and oriented parallel to the electric field direction of one of the two orthogonal modes of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the groove, so that the same electric field is reflected. Claim characterized in that the electric field of the other orthogonal mode is reflected at the end face of the groove, and the circularly polarized signal incident on the groove is converted into a linearly polarized signal due to a difference in reflection paths between both modes. 1. The primary radiator for both circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves according to 1. 4. The phase circuit is arranged on opposing circular arc portions of the inner wall of the outer cylinder so that the surfaces of the circular arc portions are flat, and the flat surfaces are arranged so that two orthogonal modes of electromagnetic waves propagating within the groove are arranged. A metal block provided parallel to the direction of one electric field, and two metal plates provided on the end surface of the groove, and both sides of the metal plates provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The groove is sandwiched between the flat part of the groove and the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and is placed on the opposite circumferential part of the cylinder, and is parallel to the direction of the electric field of one of the two orthogonal modes of the electromagnetic waves propagating in the groove. The same electric field is reflected in the direction of 2.
2. A circularly polarized wave and a linearly polarized wave according to claim 1, further comprising a phase circuit that reflects the electric field of the other of the two orthogonal modes at the end face of the groove and changes the phase based on a difference in reflection path between the two modes. Wave sharing primary radiator.