JPH04281181A - Grain drying control method of grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a grain drying control method for a grain dryer.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, grains are fed out from an upper grain storage chamber to a lower grain drying chamber, flowed down, transported to the upper part by a grain raising machine, and returned to the storage chamber. Hot air from a hot air device is passed into the drying room for drying, and the moisture of the grains during this circulation drying is detected by a moisture sensor.When the moisture of the grains detected by this moisture sensor reaches the finishing target moisture, the grains are dried. This is a grain dryer with a grain drying control system that stops, and for example, two dryers are installed depending on the amount of grain to be dried.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The grains stored in the grain storage chamber of the grain dryer are fed out from this storage chamber into the grain drying chamber and flowed down, and are conveyed to the upper part by a grain elevator and stored in the storage chamber. While the circulation of returning indoors is repeated, the hot air from the hot air device passes through the drying chamber, and the grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to this hot air and dried, and during this circulation drying. Moisture in some of the grains is detected by a moisture sensor,
When the grain moisture detected by this moisture sensor reaches the finishing target moisture, the dryer is automatically controlled to stop drying the grain.

[0004] When the amount of grain to be dried is large, even if two dryers are installed, drying is performed in the same manner as above. During this drying process, even in the same field, grains may have low moisture content or high moisture content, and these low moisture content and high moisture content may cause large moisture spots in the grain moisture. Even if the grains with large moisture spots are subjected to circulation drying, the grains with large moisture spots may not be completely mixed in the dryer, and therefore accurate grain moisture detection may not be possible. In some cases, these moisture spots remain until the end of drying, reducing the quality of the grain.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention allows grains to be fed out from an upper grain storage chamber 1 to a lower grain drying chamber 2 and transported to the upper part by a grain hoist 3. A grain drying device 6 is provided with a moisture sensor 5 for detecting grain moisture during this circulation drying. ′
In a grain dryer in which two units are stacked one on top of the other or placed one behind the other, if the moisture spot in the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor is greater than a predetermined value, the grains to be dried are Both single drying, in which two drying devices 6' are circulated separately for drying, and double drying, in which drying is performed by sequentially circulating from one drying device 6' to the other drying device 6'. The grain drying control method is characterized in that drying is performed alternately at predetermined time intervals.

[0006]

For example, the grains stored in each grain storage chamber 1 of each grain drying device 6' provided in a stacked state on both sides of the top and bottom are transferred from each grain storage chamber 1 to each grain drying chamber 2. The grains are fed out and flowed down, and transported to the upper part by each hoisting machine 3 and stored in each storage chamber 1.
As the hot air generated from each hot air device 4 passes through each drying chamber 2 while the circulation of being returned to the inside is repeated,
The grains flowing down each of the drying chambers 2 are subjected to single drying in which they are individually dried by being exposed to the hot air, and some of the grains during this circulation drying are detected by each moisture sensor 5. The grain moisture spot is calculated from this detected grain moisture, and this calculated grain moisture spot is compared with the set moisture spot, and if the calculated grain moisture spot is detected to be larger than the set moisture spot, the above-mentioned single drying and the storage chamber 1 to the drying chamber 2 of the drying device 6' on the upper side.
It is fed into the storage chamber 1 of the drying device 6' on the lower side, is fed out from the storage chamber 1 into the drying chamber 2, flows down, and is conveyed to the upper part by the grain raising machine 3 on the lower side. is supplied to the upper grain raising machine 3, is transported to the upper part by the upper grain raising machine 3, and is returned to the upper storage chamber 1.While the circulation is repeated, air is removed from each hot air device 4. The generated hot air flows into each drying room 2.
The grains flowing sequentially through the upper and lower drying chambers 2 are dried by double drying, in which they are exposed to the hot air and dried, which is performed alternately at predetermined time intervals.
When the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 5 reaches the finishing target moisture, each drying device 6' is automatically controlled to stop drying the grain.

[0007]

According to the present invention, when the grain moisture spot calculated from the grain moisture detected during drying is large, the grain can be dried by single drying in which the upper and lower grain dryers 6' are separately dried. , double drying in which the grains are dried while flowing down from the upper drying device 6' to the lower drying device 6' are alternately performed at predetermined time intervals, so that the grains are mixed well during drying. As a result, moisture transfer between different grains is improved, and as a result, grain moisture spots do not remain until the end of drying, grain quality does not deteriorate, and grain moisture By reducing the number of spots, it became possible to accurately detect grain moisture.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The illustrated example shows a grain dryer 6 equipped with two circulation-type grain dryers 6' stacked one above the other for drying grains. This dryer 6 has a rectangular shape that is long in the front and back direction, and has an upper transfer gutter 8 and an upper ceiling plate 9 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed on the upper part of the machine wall 7, and the lower side of the upper ceiling plate 9 has grain grains. It forms an upper grain storage chamber 1 for storing grains.

On the lower side of the upper grain storage chamber 1, there are four upper grain drying chambers between the upper ventilation chambers 10 on both left and right outer sides and the center and the upper ventilation chamber 11 on the two central rows. It has a structure in which a chamber 2 is provided, and an upper feeding valve 12 that feeds out grains and causes them to flow down is rotatably supported at the bottom of each drying chamber 2 on the upper side. The lower part of each of the upper drying chambers 2 is connected to an upper grain collection gutter 13 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed, and a bottom plate 14 of this upper grain collection gutter 13 can be opened and closed by a bottom plate motor 15 It is structured as follows.

A mountain-shaped downstream shelf 16 is provided below this upper grain collection trough 13, and below this downstream shelf 16 there is a lower transfer trough 17 rotatably equipped with a transfer spiral, and grains flow down from the downstream shelf 16. A lower ceiling plate 18 having a supply port 18' for supplying grains is provided, and a lower grain storage chamber 1 for storing grains is formed below the lower ceiling plate 18. This lower grain storage chamber 1
On the lower side, lower ventilation chambers 19 on both left and right outer sides and in the center
The structure is such that a grain drying chamber 2 on the lower side of four rows is provided between the lower ventilation chamber 20 in the two central rows, and a lower grain drying chamber 2 is provided at the bottom of each of the lower drying chambers 2. The delivery valve 21 is rotatably supported.

[0011] A lower grain collecting trough 22 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed is connected to the lower side of each of the drying chambers 2 on the lower side. On the front side of the machine wall 7, upper and lower hot air duct chambers 23' are provided on the outer surface of the machine wall 7 to correspond to and communicate with the inlets of the upper and lower blow chambers 11 and 20, respectively. The hot air devices 4, 4 on the side are detachably attached, and the hot air devices 4, 4 on the upper and lower sides are connected to each burner case 2 in which each burner 23 is installed.
4, and an operating device 25 for starting and stopping each burner 23, each moisture sensor 5, and the dryer 6 for each operation of loading, drying, discharging, and cooling is installed on the machine wall 7.
It is configured to be detachably attached to the outer surface.

Further, on the rear side of the machine wall 7, there are formed upper and lower exhaust duct chambers 26 and 26 that can communicate with the upper and lower exhaust chambers 10 and 19. , 26 The upper and lower exhaust cylinders 27, 27 on the center rear side are provided with upper and lower exhaust fans 28, 28 and upper and lower exhaust fan motors 29, 29 for rotationally driving the upper and lower exhaust fans 28, 28. The structure is as follows. 30,3
0 is the upper and lower valve motors, each of which is connected to the upper and lower delivery valves 12.
, 21 are rotationally driven via upper and lower reduction mechanisms 31, 31.

Each fuel pump 32 having each fuel valve is provided on the outside of the lower plate of the burner cases 24, 24, and by opening and closing each fuel valve, each fuel pump 32 sucks the fuel in the fuel tank 33. The configuration is such that the air is supplied to each burner 23, and each blower motor 35' for variable speed is provided on the outside of the upper plate to drive each blower 24 to rotate at a variable speed. The configuration is such that each of the blowers 34 blows air to the air blower 23.

[0014] Supply ports for supplying the transferred grains into the upper and lower storage chambers 1 are provided at the central portions of the bottom plates of the upper and lower transfer troughs 8 and 17 in the front and back direction, and at the bottom of each of the supply ports. The structure is such that upper and lower diffusion plates 35 and 35 are provided to uniformly diffuse and return grains into the upper and lower storage chambers 1. The upper grain raising machine 3 is provided on the right side of the front exterior of the machine wall 7, and has a belt with an upper bucket conveyor 36 stretched inside, and the upper end part is
An upper discharging tube 37 is provided between the starting end of the upper transfer gutter 8 for communication, and an upper supply gutter 38 is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the upper grain collection gutter 13 for communication. There is.

Reference numeral 39 denotes a rising grain machine motor, which is configured to rotate the belt with the upper bucket conveyor 36, the transfer spiral in the upper transfer gutter 8, the upper spreading plate 35, etc., and also drives the upper grain collection gutter 13. The inner transfer spiral is rotationally driven via the belt with the upper bucket conveyor 36. The lower grain raising machine 3 is provided on the left side of the front exterior of the machine wall 7, and has a belt with a lower bucket conveyor 36 stretched inside, and its upper end is connected to the starting end of the lower transfer gutter 17 and the lower bucket conveyor 36. A lower discharge cylinder 37 is provided between the upper supply gutter 38 and communicated with it,
The lower end has a structure in which a lower supply gutter 38 is provided and communicated with the terminal end of the lower grain collection gutter 22, and a side wall of the upper feed gutter 38 is opened and closed in the upper part of the lower dispensing tube 37. An on-off valve 41 is provided, and this on-off valve 41 is opened and closed by an on-off motor 40, and when this on-off valve 41 is open, grains are supplied into the upper supply gutter 38, and the grains are fed into the lower supply gutter 38. An on-off valve 41' for opening and closing the upper wall of the lower transfer gutter 17 is provided at the lower part of the dispensing tube 37, and this on-off valve 41' is operated by an on-off motor 40'.
When the opening/closing valve 41' is open, grains are supplied into the lower transfer gutter 17.

Reference numeral 39 denotes a lower grain hoisting machine motor, which is configured to rotationally drive the belt with the lower bucket conveyor 36, the transfer spiral in the lower transfer gutter 17, the lower spreading plate 35, etc., and also drives the lower grain collecting gutter. The transfer spiral in 22 is configured to be rotationally driven via the belt with the lower bucket conveyor 36. Each of the moisture sensors 5 for detecting grain moisture is provided approximately at the center in the vertical direction of the upper and lower grain raising machines 3, 3. Each moisture sensor 5 is configured such that each moisture motor 42 is rotated by the transmission of an electrical measurement signal from the operating device 25, and each part of each moisture sensor 5 is rotationally driven. 36, 36 receives the grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part, crushes the grains under pressure, and at the same time detects the water content of the crushed grains.

The operating device 25 has a box shape, and on the surface plate of the box, each part of the dryer 6, each of the hot air devices 4, each of the moisture sensors 5, etc. are installed, dried, discharged, and left to cool. A start switch 43 is operated to start each operation, a stop switch 44 is operated to stop, a moisture setting knob 45 is used to set the finishing target moisture content of grains according to the operating position, and a grain type setting knob 46 is used to set the hot air temperature according to the operating position. The surface plate is provided with a digital display section 48 that alternately digitally displays detected grain moisture, detected drying temperature, remaining drying time, etc., and a monitor display, etc. There is.

Inside the operating device 25, a detection value detected by each of the moisture sensors 5 and the hot air temperature sensor 49 is stored.
An A-D converter 50 that performs D conversion, an input circuit 51 to which the converted value converted by the A-D converter 50 is input, each switch 43, 44, each setting knob 45, 46, 47, etc. An input circuit 52 into which an operation is input, and each of these input circuits 51
, 52 for performing arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc., and an output circuit 54 for receiving and outputting various commands from the CPU 53. . The setting knobs 45, 46, and 47 are of a rotary switch type, and a predetermined value and type are set according to the operating position.

The drying control of grains by the drying control device 55 is performed as follows. That is, the operation details of the moisture setting knob 45 are input to the CPU 53,
This input sets the grain finish target moisture content. On the other hand, the grain moisture detected by each moisture sensor 5 is also detected by the CPU 5.
3, the input detected grain moisture and the set finishing target moisture are compared, and when it is detected that the detected grain moisture has reached the finishing target moisture, each operating part of the dryer 6 automatically stops. The structure is such that the drying of the grains is completed.

Additionally, the drying control device 55 has the following functions. That is, at the start of drying, each of the moisture sensors 5,
The moisture spot of the grain moisture is calculated from the detected grain moisture detected by the CPU 5 and inputted to the CPU 53, and this calculated moisture spot is set and stored in the CPU 53, for example, a moisture spot. 5%, and if the calculated moisture spot is detected to be 5% or more of the moisture spot in this setting memory, the CPU 5
The predetermined time (TA) set to 3 and stored is single drying in which the grains are circulated and dried in the upper and lower storage chambers 1 and 1 separately, and this predetermined time (TA) is After the predetermined time (TB) set and stored in the CPU 53, the bottom plate 14 of the upper grain collection gutter 13 on the upper stage side
is controlled to be in an open state, and the grains are sequentially circulated from the storage chamber 1 on the upper side to the storage chamber 1 on the lower side, thereby performing double drying.These single drying and double drying are performed. The grains are dried for a predetermined period of time (TA) and (TB) alternately.

[0021] If the comparison result is that the moisture spot is less than 5% of the setting memory, single drying is performed in which the grains are circulated and dried in the upper and lower storage chambers 1, 1 separately. It is structured as follows. Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained. A start switch 4 that operates the setting knobs 45, 46, and 47 of the operating device 25 to predetermined positions to start drying work.
3 starts each part of each grain drying device 6', 6' of the grain dryer 6, the upper and lower burners 23, 23, and each moisture sensor 5, 5. The grain moisture spot is calculated from the grain moisture detected by the grain moisture spot, and when it is detected that the calculated moisture spot is larger than the grain moisture spot set and stored, the hot air generated from the upper burner 23 is transferred to the upper hot air duct chamber. 23', passes through the upper ventilation chambers 11, 11, each upper grain drying chamber 2, and passes through each upper ventilation chamber 10 and upper ventilation duct chamber 26.
The hot air generated from the lower burner 23 is sucked and exhausted by the upper exhaust fan 28 through the lower hot air duct chamber 23.
', passes through the lower ventilation chambers 20, 20, each lower grain drying chamber 2, passes through each lower ventilation chamber 19 and lower ventilation duct chamber 26, and is suctioned and exhausted by the lower ventilation fan 28. The grains stored in the upper grain storage chamber 1 are exposed to this hot air and dried while flowing down from the upper storage chamber 1 into each of the upper drying chambers 2, and are dried by each upper delivery valve 12. The grain is fed out to the lower part, flows down, is transferred and supplied from the upper grain gutter 13 to the upper feeding gutter 38 into the upper grain raising machine 3 by the transfer spiral in the upper grain gutter 13, and is transferred to the upper part by the upper bucket conveyor 36. It is conveyed to the upper transfer gutter 8 and supplied into the upper transfer gutter 8 through the upper dispensing tube 37, and is transferred and supplied from the upper transfer gutter 8 onto the upper diffusion plate 35 by the transfer spiral in the upper transfer gutter 8, and then the upper diffusion plate. At 35, single drying is carried out for a predetermined period of time (TA
), and the grains stored in the lower grain storage chamber 1 are exposed to this hot air and dried while flowing down from the lower storage chamber 1 into each of the lower drying chambers 2. and each lower delivery valve 2
1, the grain is fed out to the lower part, flows down, is transferred from the lower collection trough 22, passes through the lower supply trough 38, and is transferred and supplied into the lower grain hoist 3 by the transfer spiral in the lower grain trough 22, and is transferred to the lower bucket conveyor. 36 to the upper part, and is supplied to the lower transfer gutter 17 through the lower discharge cylinder 37, and from this lower transfer gutter 17 to the lower diffusion plate 35 by the transfer spiral in this lower transfer gutter 17. Single drying is performed for a predetermined time (TA) in which the water is evenly diffused and returned into the storage chamber 1 on the lower side by the lower diffusion plate 35 and circulated for drying.

When this predetermined time (TA) has elapsed, the grains stored in the upper storage chamber 1 are exposed to hot air while flowing down from the upper storage chamber 1 into each of the upper drying chambers 2. The grains are dried and fed to the lower part by the upper feeding valves 12 and flowed down, and when the bottom plate 14 of the upper grain gutter 13 is opened, it flows from the upper grain gutter 13 into the storage chamber 1 on the lower side. While flowing down from this lower storage chamber 1 into each of the lower drying chambers 2, it is exposed to hot air and dried, and is delivered to the lower part by each of the lower delivery valves 21 and flows down. From the grain collection gutter 22 to the lower supply gutter 3
8, the grain is transferred and supplied into the lower grain raising machine 3 by the transfer spiral in the lower collecting trough 22, and is transported to the upper part by the lower bucket conveyor 36, and then from the lower discharging cylinder 37 to each opening/closing valve. 41,41
In the open state, the grain is supplied into the upper supply gutter 38 , from this upper supply gutter 38 into the upper part of the raising machine 3 , and is conveyed to the upper part by the upper bucket conveyor 36 to pass through the upper dispensing tube 37 . The upper transfer gutter 8 is then supplied to the upper diffusion plate 35 by the transfer spiral in the upper transfer gutter 8, and the upper diffusion plate 35 supplies the upper storage chamber. Double drying is performed for a predetermined period of time (TB) in which the particles are evenly diffused and reduced into the same interior and circulated for drying.

The double drying and single drying are performed alternately for a predetermined time (TA) and (TB), and the grain moisture detected by each of the moisture sensors 5, 5 corresponds to the moisture setting value 45.
When the finishing target moisture level set by the operation is reached, the drying device 6 is automatically controlled by the drying control device 55 of the operating device 25 to automatically stop the drying of the grains. Also, if the calculated moisture spot is detected to be smaller than the set moisture spot, only single drying as above is performed to dry the grains, and when the detected grain moisture reaches the finishing target moisture content, the same as above is performed. Thus, the dryer 6 is controlled to stop drying the grains.

In the above embodiment, a case has been described in which each of the grain drying devices 6' is equipped with the hot air device 4, but one of them does not have the function of the hot air device 4 and only uses outside air. In this case, after "switching to single drying" as shown in FIG. This mainly prevents smearing.It goes without saying that when the main drying and finishing is performed, the grains are transferred to the grain drying device 6'.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

[Figure 1] Block diagram

[Figure 2] Flowchart

[Figure 3] Partially cutaway overall side view of the grain dryer

[Figure 4]
A-A sectional view in Figure 3

[Figure 5] Front view of part of the grain dryer

[Figure 6] Enlarged rear view of part of the grain dryer

[Figure 7] Enlarged partially cutaway front view of a part of the grain dryer

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Grain storage room 2 Grain drying room 3 Grain raising machine 4 Hot air device 5 Moisture sensor 6' Grain drying device

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: The grains are fed out from the upper grain storage chamber 1 to the lower grain drying chamber 2, flowed down, transported to the upper part by the grain hoist 3, and returned to the storage chamber 1. Two grain drying devices 6' are stacked one above the other, each having a moisture sensor 5 for detecting the moisture content of the grains during the circulating drying process. In the grain dryers installed in the two drying devices 6 or located in front and behind each other, when the moisture spot of the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor is larger than a predetermined value, the grains to be dried are dried by the two drying devices 6.
Both single drying, in which drying is carried out by circulating the drying apparatus 6' on one side and drying in sequence, and double drying, in which drying is carried out in sequence from the drying apparatus 6' on one side to the drying apparatus 6' on the other side, are carried out alternately at predetermined time intervals. This is a grain drying control system that is characterized by drying the grains.