JPH04296400A - Method for production soap using edible waste oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain general-purpose colorless soap capable of readily producing even in household, having weakly alkaline and water soluble properties and keeping water quality. CONSTITUTION:A mixture obtained by mixing (A) edible waste oil from which coloring component and off-flavor component are removed with (B) polyoxyethylenealkyl ether and (C) sodium orthosilicate, preferably at a weight ratio of the component A: the component B: the component C of 100:(3-40):(20-25) is subjected to heat treatment in a pan-like vessel at about 100 deg.C for 15-25min.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing soap using edible waste oil, and in particular, it is an easy method for manufacturing soap using edible waste oil that uses a waste oil decomposer that is safe for the human body. .

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Currently, edible waste oil generated in households, tofu manufacturing industries, soy sauce manufacturing industries, restaurant industries, etc. must be either disposed of as is or recovered and reused. When disposing of it, there are two methods: absorb it into an adsorbent made of newspaper, commercially available paper pulp, or porous plastic polymer, or harden it with a coagulant, and then throw it away as garbage. Recently, there are products on the market that emulsify edible waste oil and allow it to be flushed directly down the drain. In addition, when collecting and reusing edible waste oil,
The drawback is that the cost of collecting edible waste oil is too high, making it unviable as a collection company.

[0003] Under these circumstances, throwing away edible waste oil leads to environmental pollution, and in our resource-poor country, sensible housewives are promoting the use of handmade soap using edible waste oil as a means of recycling edible waste oil. .

[0004] In general, detergents with a surfactant content of 3% or less by weight are called soaps, those with a surfactant content of 3 to 30% are called composite soaps for laundry, and those with a surfactant content of 3 to 40% are called composite soaps for kitchen use. Soap and other products are called synthetic detergents,
If too much surfactant is used in the production of handmade soap using edible waste oil, the product becomes no different from synthetic detergent. Since this synthetic detergent is one of the causes of environmental destruction, it is recommended to use soap instead of using as little amount as possible. Therefore, there is a need for a method for easily producing soap or composite soap from edible waste oil.

[0005] The mainstream method for producing handmade soap is a conventionally known method in which edible waste oil is heated together with an aqueous solution of caustic soda to hydrolyze it to make soap. However, the problem with this method is that the caustic soda added is a deleterious substance, and if the amount is too large, the excess caustic soda can cause rough hands and damage clothing fabrics, especially fabrics made of chemical fibers that are sensitive to alkalis. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the end point of soaping and adjust the amount of caustic soda added so that it is not too large, but this requires skill.

[0006] Against this background, research has been carried out on methods for producing soap using edible waste oil, which can be easily used in individual households and communities. Among these, an excellent manufacturing method is the method described in JP-A-61-116000. This method uses slightly alkaline sodium orthosilicate, which is safe for the human body, instead of caustic soda, which is hazardous, to turn edible waste oil into soap. The invention described in the above publication adds a small amount of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, which is a surfactant, to the reaction system for soaping edible waste oil to uniformly disperse the edible waste oil in the hydrolysis reaction liquid.
Efforts are being made to shorten the time required to make soap.

Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-21520 discloses that when edible waste oil, polyhydric alcohol or its derivative, caustic alkali and soda carbonate are mixed and turned into soap at room temperature, it is easily powdered by the action of the soda carbonate. It is stated that soap can be obtained.

[0008]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-11
The soap manufacturing method described in Japanese Patent No. 6000 can be evaluated as a method that does not use strongly alkaline caustic soda or the like as a waste oil decomposing agent. However, according to the description in the above publication, the fatty acid equivalent of 100 g of edible waste oil is 0.348.
It is eq. The equivalent amount of sodium orthosilicate is 0 per 1g.
．． 0136eq, and in order to complete the soaping reaction, an equivalent ratio of sodium orthosilicate of 1.2 times or more to that of edible waste oil is required, and it is said that 1.56 to 1.95 times is optimal. The amount of sodium orthosilicate used is quite high, and excess sodium orthosilicate remains in the finished soap, causing white spots on the soap surface. Additionally, the excess sodium orthosilicate makes the soap highly alkaline, which can cause dry hands. Furthermore, the finished soap is difficult to use because it is difficult to dissolve in water, and because it is colored, it is not suitable for use on clothing.

Furthermore, in the method described in JP-A-61-21520, the caustic soda or caustic potash used is a hazardous substance and cannot be said to be an alkaline agent that is safe for the human body. Furthermore, although polyhydric alcohols or their derivatives have the effect of dispersing edible waste oil into the reaction solution and promoting soap formation, they do not act as surfactants and may increase the amount of water pollution load.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a versatile colorless soap or composite soap that can be easily produced at home, is weakly alkaline and easily soluble in water, and does not cause deterioration of water quality. be.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The above objects of the present invention are achieved by the following configuration. That is, one of them is a method for producing soap using edible waste oil, which includes a step of heat-treating a mixture of edible waste oil from which coloring components and off-flavor components have been removed, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, and sodium orthosilicate.

Sodium orthosilicate is used as a weakly alkaline decomposing agent that is harmless to the human body. In the method of the present invention, sodium orthosilicate is used in an amount equivalent to the fatty acid component of edible waste oil, so the soap is made slightly alkaline. Since sodium orthosilicate has a stronger hydrolyzing power than sodium metasilicate or potassium silicate, sodium orthosilicate was used as a weakly alkaline hydrolyzing agent in the present invention.

Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether is also used as a decomposition accelerator for edible waste oil, a soap scum dispersant, and a soap solubilizer that is easily liquefied. In addition to the above functions, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether also functions as a surfactant. In the present invention, as the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, a polyoxyethylene ether of a higher alcohol having about 12 to 18 carbon atoms can be used to obtain a composite soap that is relatively easy to liquefy.
It is a desirable material. For example, ethers of higher alcohols obtained by reducing lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid, and stearic acid are used. In addition, to make kneaded, semi-kneaded, and liquid composite soaps that are easily soluble in water and easy to use, the order of emulsifying power, soap solubilizing power, Strong soap scum dispersion ability.

In addition, compared to these ethers, the emulsifying power of sodium alpha olefin sulfonate, which is a surfactant described in JP-A-61-116000,
Since the soap solubilizing power and the soap scum dispersing power are weak, the method of the present invention is more easily soluble in water and can provide kneaded, semi-kneaded and liquid composite soaps that are easier to use.

[0015] The edible waste oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and sodium orthosilicate are preferably mixed in a weight ratio of 100:3 to 40:20 to 25, respectively.

When the amount of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether used is less than the lower limit, the decomposition rate of the edible waste oil is slow and unreacted oil droplets remain. Furthermore, if the upper limit is exceeded, the detergent falls under the category of synthetic detergent under the Household Goods Quality Labeling Act. In order to make an easy-to-use liquid composite soap or to improve soap scum dispersion ability, 25 to 35
The most preferable blending ratio is to use g. In addition, when manufacturing powdered composite soap, the amount of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether used is 5 to 8% based on the total weight of the mixture.
Used in percentages. If the amount used is more than this, it will be affected by the viscosity of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and will be difficult to powder.

[0017] According to the method described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 116000/1983, 1 part of sodium alpha olefin sulfonate or sodium laurate is added to 1000 g of edible waste oil.
The condition is to use about 5g, but the product has the disadvantage that it solidifies and is difficult to dissolve. In the method of the present invention, the weight ratio of edible waste oil and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether used is within the above range (1000:30-400).
, compared to the method described in JP-A-61-116000, the amount of surfactant (polyoxyethylene alkyl ether) used for edible waste oil is larger, the soaping reaction is completed in less than half the time, and soap scum is reduced. A composite soap for kitchen use and a composite soap for clothing, which is well dispersed, dissolves well in water, and is easy to use, can be obtained.

If the amount of sodium orthosilicate used is less than the above lower limit, hydrolysis will not be completely completed. Furthermore, if the above upper limit is exceeded, the hydrolysis time will be shortened, but the excess alkaline content will only increase the pH of the resulting soap, causing rough hands. In addition, the above-mentioned Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1983-
In the method described in No. 116000, 1000 g of edible waste oil
485g of sodium orthosilicate is used. Therefore, in the method described in the above-mentioned patent publication, excess sodium orthosilicate causes white spots on the soap, solidifies it, makes it difficult to dissolve, and causes rough hands. However, in the present invention, the amount of sodium orthosilicate used is 1
Since the amount is about 200 to 250 g per 1,000 g, the finish is weakly alkaline without white spots.

After heating the mixture of edible waste oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, and sodium orthosilicate, water is added to adjust the moisture content to produce semi-kneaded composite soap, kneaded composite soap, and liquid composite soap. The soap is dried to form a solid composite soap without the addition of .

[0020] Moisture adjustment is determined by the ratio of the weight of the surfactant in the finished state to the total weight. In addition, if you want to obtain liquid composite soap or semi-kneaded composite soap, ethyl alcohol is added in addition to water to prevent viscosity in winter.

[0021] Also, since potassium silicate is easily soluble in water,
It is added as a cleaning power aid when making liquid composite soap for clothing, semi-mixed composite soap, or kneaded composite soap.

The above object of the present invention is also achieved by the following configuration. That is, the method for producing soap using edible waste oil is characterized by including the step of heating a mixture of edible waste oil from which coloring components and off-flavor components have been removed, powdered soap containing soda carbonate, and sodium orthosilicate.

[0023] Soda carbonate-containing powdered soap has the function of uniformly dispersing edible waste oil in the hydrolysis reaction liquid due to the soap content contained therein, and the sodium carbonate contained within the range of 20 to 30%. Acts as an alkaline agent, promoting the decomposition of edible waste oil. Moreover, the soda carbonate contained in the powdered soap has a powdering effect. As this soap powder containing soda carbonate, commercially available powder soap can be used, which has the advantage of being easy to obtain.

The action of sodium orthosilicate is similar to the soap manufacturing method using polyoxyethylene alkyl ether. In addition, sodium sulfate can be used as a detergency aid and a powdering agent when making soap powder.

[0025] The weight ratio of powdered soap containing edible waste oil and soda carbonate to sodium orthosilicate is 100, respectively.
: 3 or more: It is preferable to mix in the range of 20 to 25.

[0026] If the amount of powdered soap containing soda carbonate used is less than the above lower limit, the rate of decomposition of edible waste oil is slow and unreacted oil droplets remain. Furthermore, if too much of the powdered soap containing soda carbonate is used, the pH of the obtained soap powder increases due to the influence of the soda in the powdered soap containing sodium carbonate, which causes rough hands. Approximately 10g is a reasonable amount to use per 100g of edible waste oil.

If the amount of sodium orthosilicate used is less than the above lower limit, hydrolysis will not be completely completed. Furthermore, if the above upper limit is exceeded, the hydrolysis time will be shortened, but the excess alkaline content will only increase the pH of the resulting soap, causing rough hands.

[0028] A mixture of powdered soap containing edible waste oil and soda carbonate and sodium orthosilicate is heated and then dried to form powdered soap and solid soap.

In each of the configurations of the present invention described above, the use of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and powdered soap is determined by the type of finished soap. That is, when it is desired to obtain a semi-kneaded composite soap, a kneaded composite soap, a liquid composite soap, or a solid composite soap, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether is used. Moreover, if powdered soap or solid soap is desired, powdered soap containing soda carbonate is used.

[0030] Furthermore, in each of the above-mentioned configurations of the present invention, by removing coloring components and off-odor components from the edible waste oil in advance, soap with a better finish than untreated edible waste oil can be obtained. As this pretreatment agent, acid clay, activated carbon, etc. can be used, but acid clay is preferable for small-scale soap production such as at home.

[0031] These mixtures are heated to about 100°C in a pot, usually over an open flame. Heating time is 15-25 minutes.

In each of the above embodiments of the present invention, after saponifying the edible waste oil, potassium silicate is added as a water-soluble builder for clothing, and sodium sulfate is added as a powdering agent and builder for powdered soap.

[0033] Furthermore, when an oxygen bleaching agent is added after saponifying edible waste oil, the resulting soap is instantaneously bleached. It is known that hydrogen peroxide is used to bleach clothes.
There are no known examples of using these oxygen bleaches to bleach soap. Although the mechanism of this bleaching reaction is unknown, it is thought to be due to a specific reaction between sodium orthosilicate and the bleaching agent. As described above, bleaching of soap with an oxygen bleaching agent is carried out in both the above-mentioned composite soaps and soaps in order to increase the product value of the obtained soaps, especially when they are used for clothing. The oxygen bleach is added after the soap after saponifying the edible waste oil is cooled to 30 to 50°C.

[0034] Note that bleaching agents (hydrosulfite, oxalic acid, thiourea dioxide, etc.) using a reduction method are not effective. In addition, among bleaching agents using oxidation methods, chlorine-based bleaches (sodium hypochlorite, salicy flour) are dangerous, as there have been accidents involving chlorine gas poisoning, so oxygen-based bleaches are preferred, such as hydrogen peroxide. , sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, etc. are used. Hydrogen peroxide has stronger bleaching power than sodium percarbonate. The amount added is determined depending on the degree of deterioration of the edible waste oil, but the minimum effective amount is about 0.05 to 0.1% by weight based on the total amount.

[0035] Ethylenediaminetetraacetate is used as a sequestrant for metal components in the water used when producing solid composite soap, powder soap, or solid soap for clothing.

In the present invention, additives or processing agents other than those mentioned above, which are commonly used in the soap manufacturing process, may be used.

[0037]

[Operation] According to the present invention, edible waste oil that has been colored with acid clay and other odor components removed, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, and sodium orthosilicate is mixed and heated to a high temperature to make caustic alkaline soap. After bleaching with oxygen bleach, builders and sequestrants are added, and moisture is adjusted by adding water and drying. As a result, it is possible to produce a kneaded composite soap, a semi-kneaded composite soap, a liquid composite soap, and a solid composite soap that are weakly alkaline, have high performance, and are easy to use.

[0038] Also, edible waste oil that has been colored and odor-free with acid clay, etc. removed, powdered soap containing soda carbonate, and sodium orthosilicate is mixed, heated to a high temperature over an open flame, etc. to make caustic alkaline soap, and sodium sulfate is added to this mixture. After mixing and drying the builder, external pressure is applied to make powder soap or caustic alkaline soap. After adding a sequestering agent and drying, it can also be made into solid soap by placing it in a mold and cooling it. .

The present invention uses edible waste oil using sodium orthosilicate, which is safe for the human body, a decomposition accelerator, soap scum dispersant, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, which is a soap solubilizer that easily liquefies, or powdered soap, which is a decomposition accelerator. can be made into composite soap or soap in a short time.
It can be easily made at home. In particular, composite soaps have the characteristics of well dispersing soap scum and being well soluble in water, making them convenient to use as kitchen detergents in addition to laundry detergents, and useful for recycling edible waste oil.

[0040]

[Examples] The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples. first,
The following experiment was conducted to determine appropriate amounts of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, powdered soap containing sodium carbonate, and sodium orthosilicate used in the present invention.

Examples 1 to 7 First, experiments were conducted to determine the appropriate amount of sodium orthosilicate to be used. The amounts of 100 g of edible waste oil and 25 g of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether used were fixed, and the amount of sodium orthosilicate used was varied, mixed with 50 ml of water, and stirred in a stainless steel pot over an open flame for the required time. After heating while stirring, the mixture was cooled, and the state and pH of the product of the soapification reaction (28 g of surfactant component/30 liters of cleaning liquid) were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0042]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, if 20g or more of sodium orthosilicate is used per 100g of edible waste oil, hydrolysis will be completed, but if 25g or more is used, the time required for hydrolysis will be somewhat shortened; Excess alkaline content simply increases the pH and causes rough hands.

Examples 8 to 14 Next, an experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate amount of powdered soap containing polyoxyethylene oleyl ether and sodium carbonate while keeping the amount of sodium orthosilicate constant. Edible waste oil 10
0g and 25g of sodium orthosilicate are fixed, and the amounts of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether and sodium carbonate-containing powder soap used are varied, mixed with 50ml of water, and stirred in a stainless steel pot over an open flame for the required time. After heating and cooling, the state and pH of the soap formation reaction product (
28 g of surfactant component/30 liters of cleaning liquid) was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0045]

[Table 2]

[0046] When the amount of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether used is small, the time required for the soapification reaction becomes slightly longer. Hydrolysis is completed when the amount used is 3g or more per 100g of edible waste oil.

[0047] Furthermore, if the amount of powdered soap containing soda carbonate used is small, the required hydrolysis time will be slightly longer. Edible waste oil 1
Hydrolysis is completed when 3g or more is used per 00g. There is no particular upper limit, but if too much is used, the pH of the obtained soap powder will increase due to the influence of the soda in the soap powder containing sodium carbonate, which may cause rough hands. Edible waste oil 100
A usage amount of approximately 10g per gram is a reasonable value.

Next, a specific example of a method for producing soap using the powdered soap containing polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and sodium carbonate and sodium orthosilicate in the appropriate amounts will be described.

Edible waste oil common to Examples 15 to 24 below was prepared by adding 80 g of acid clay to 1 kg of edible waste oil, allowing it to stand at room temperature for 2 days, and then using the supernatant liquid. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

Example 15 1000 g of edible waste oil, 250 g of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, 250 g of sodium orthosilicate and 500 ml of water were mixed and heated in a stainless steel pot over an open flame for 20 minutes.
After heating with stirring for a minute, it is cooled, and 1.9 g of fragrance is added and mixed with stirring. Finished as a paste-like composite soap.

Example 16 5.5 g of perfume and 3.0 g of water were added to the paste-like composite soap of Example 15.
When 6 liters are added and dissolved, a semi-kneaded composite soap is created.

Example 17 1000 g of edible waste oil, 350 g of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, 250 g of sodium orthosilicate and 500 ml of water were mixed and heated in a stainless steel pot over an open flame for 15 minutes.
After heating with stirring for a minute, it is cooled, and 7.4 g of fragrance and 5.1 liters of water are added and dissolved to create a liquid composite soap. However, in winter, 150 ml of ethanol is added to the liquid complex soap to prevent viscosity.

Example 18 The paste-like composite soap of Example 15 was cooled to 30 to 50°C, and then 16 g of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution was added, mixed with stirring, and left at room temperature for 20 minutes. When 590 g of potassium silicate, 5.5 g of fragrance, and 2.8 liters of water are added and dissolved, a semi-kneaded composite soap is obtained. However, in winter, 165 ml of ethanol is added to the semi-kneaded composite soap to prevent viscosity.

Example 19 42 g of sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate was added to the paste-like composite soap of Example 15, and the mixture was dried in a dryer at 130 to 150° C. for a day and night, and 1.4 g of perfume was added and mixed with stirring. The soap is then placed in a mold and cooled to create a solid composite soap.

Example 20 1000 g of edible waste oil, 70 g of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, 250 g of sodium orthosilicate and 5 g of water
00ml was mixed and heated in a stainless steel pot over direct heat for 22 minutes with stirring, then cooled to 30-50℃,
Add 7g of 5% hydrogen peroxide solution, mix with stirring, and boil at room temperature for 30 minutes.
Leave for 0 minutes. Add 300 g of sodium sulfate and 50 g of ethylenediaminetetraacetate to this and mix well.
Dry in a dryer at 0 to 150°C all day and night. Then, external pressure is applied to create powdered soap, which is then scented with a spray.

Example 21 1000 g of edible waste oil, 250 g of polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, 250 g of sodium orthosilicate and 500 ml of water were mixed and heated in a stainless steel pot over an open flame for 2 hours.
After heating with stirring for 0 minutes, cool and add 5.5 g of fragrance.
When mixed with 3.6 liters of water and dissolved, a semi-kneaded composite soap is created.

Example 22 1000 g of edible waste oil, 250 g of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, 250 g of sodium orthosilicate and 500 ml of water were mixed and heated in a stainless steel pot over an open flame for 20 minutes.
After heating with stirring for a minute, the mixture is cooled, and 5.5 g of fragrance and 3.6 liters of water are added and dissolved, resulting in a semi-kneaded composite soap.

Example 23 1000 g of edible waste oil, 100 g of commercially available soap powder, 250 g of sodium orthosilicate, and 500 ml of water were mixed and heated in a stainless steel pot over an open flame with stirring for 25 minutes, and then cooled to 30 to 50°C. , 8 g of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution was added, mixed with stirring, and left at room temperature for 30 minutes. Add to this 340g of sodium sulfate and 55g of ethylenediaminetetraacetate.
Add 0g of the mixture, mix well, and dry in a dryer at 130 to 150°C overnight. Then, external pressure is applied to create powdered soap, which is then scented with a spray.

Example 24 1000 g of edible waste oil, 100 g of commercially available soap powder, 250 g of sodium orthosilicate, and 500 ml of water were mixed and heated in a stainless steel pot over an open flame with stirring for 25 minutes, and then heated to a temperature of 130 to 150°C. After drying in a dryer for a day and night, fragrance is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed, it is placed in a mold and cooled to create a solid soap.

Tables 3 and 4 show the results of Examples 15 to 24.

[0061]

[Table 3]

[0062]

[Table 4]

[0063]

[Effects of the Invention] The method for producing soap of the present invention uses ordinary chemicals that are safe for the human body, and moreover, soap can be produced at low cost and in a short time. Therefore, it can be easily carried out at home,
In addition to being useful for recycling edible waste oil, it does not contain nitrogen or phosphorus, biodegrades at the same level as commercial soap powder, and is effective in preventing water pollution.

[0064] Depending on the purpose of use, kneaded composite soaps, semi-kneaded composite soaps, and liquid composite soaps are easy to use, exhibit high performance, and are suitable mainly as detergents for kitchen or clothing. Additionally, for those who prefer to use pure soap, it can be made into powdered soap or solid soap.

[0065] Particularly, when using a paste-like composite soap, put it on a sponge, when using a semi-mixture composite soap, put it in a discarded shampoo bottle with a pump, and when using a liquid composite soap, put it in a discarded bottle for a kitchen liquid detergent, and when using kitchen utensils. Can be used to wash tableware.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing soap using edible waste oil, which comprises the step of heat-treating a mixture of edible waste oil from which coloring components and off-flavor components have been removed, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, and sodium orthosilicate. 2. A mixture of edible waste oil from which coloring components and off-flavor components have been removed, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether and sodium orthosilicate in a weight ratio of 100:3 to 40:1, respectively.
Claim 1 characterized in that the mixture is in the range of 20 to 25.
A method of manufacturing soap using the edible waste oil described. 3. A method for producing soap using edible waste oil, which comprises the step of heating a mixture of edible waste oil from which coloring components and off-flavor components have been removed, powdered soap containing soda carbonate, and sodium orthosilicate. [Claim 4] Edible waste oil from which coloring components and off-flavor components have been removed, soap powder containing soda carbonate, and sodium orthosilicate are mixed in a weight ratio of 100:3 or more:20 to 25, respectively. A method for producing soap using the edible waste oil according to claim 3. 5. The method for producing soap using edible waste oil according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that a trace amount of oxygen bleach is added after saponifying the edible waste oil.