JPH0429716A - Stepwise composite deodorizing device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively remove various malodors by continuously performing the first stage deodorizing due to a chemical reaction type deodorant and the second stage deodorizing due to an adsorbing type deodorant. CONSTITUTION:The air flowing in by a fan F passes through the first deodorizing means 1 composed of a chemical reaction type deodorant such as a silica gel or flavonoid at first to mainly remove ammonia. Next, air containing a malodor passes through the second deodorizing means 2 composed of an adsorbing type deodorant such as an activated carbon fiber or zeolite to remove a malodorous component such as methylmercaptan. Further, the malodorous component re-discharged from the second deodorizing means 2 is removed by the third deodorizing means composed of the chemical reaction type deodorant. A space S is provided between the first and second deodorizing means 1, 2 in order to prevent the clogging of flow holes due to shape difference. By this method, a malodor is effectively removed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention generally relates to a deodorizer and deodorizing method for removing malodorous substances, and in particular, to a deodorizing device and a deodorizing method for removing malodorous substances. The present invention relates to a deodorizer and a deodorizing method that use a deodorizing agent and a deodorizing material in combination to remove malodorous substances.

In particular, the present invention provides a step-by-step composite deodorizer and deodorization method that deodorizes these various malodorous substances by dividing them into stages rather than simply combining them.

[Prior Art] It is said that there are hundreds of types of malodorous substances, but we will focus exclusively on malodorous substances that may harm the living environment.

The living environment here refers to a private residence that is the base of life,
In addition to condominiums and apartments, offices, inns, hotels, hospitals, clinics, restaurants, beauty salons, etc.
This includes smells that are unpleasant when you are in a place that is essential to your daily life, such as a barber shop or a vehicle (car, train, airplane, cruise ship, etc.) for a certain amount of time.

Under the government's Offensive Odor Prevention Act (enforced in 1972), the following five substances are designated as major odor substances in business establishments and living environments. Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, trimethylamine.

In 1976, three additional substances were designated: styrene, acetaldehyde, and methyl disulfide, bringing the total to eight. These substances have a low olfactory equivalency and have a high threshold value compared to substances that are easily perceived as malodorous substances, but have a large emission amount, that is, a large concentration.

It is said that the Uniber-Fehner law holds true between the odor intensity table in the 6-stage odor intensity display method shown in Table 6 and the substance concentration.

X is the concentration, If the odor intensity is Y, then Y = to 1o3X + It is expressed by the formula.

For example, when you feel that the odor intensity has halved, the concentration of malodorous substances has decreased by one-tenth.

FIG. 7 is a table showing the relationship between odor intensity and concentration of malodorous substances. ! ! When considering the depths, a scale for the strength of the odor must be determined.This odor intensity is expressed as the concentration of malodorous substances in six stages as described above.
A six-level odor display method was established and is still officially in use today.

In our living environment, we often experience odors corresponding to odor intensity 2. Furthermore, an odor intensity of 3 indicates a moderately strong odor, which may cause discomfort or complaints. If the odor intensity is 1 or less, it can be said that the environment has been improved in terms of odor. The limit of bad odor (the limit that can be tolerated) is odor intensity 2.
It is often set as 5.

Next, Table 2 on the next page shows the classification of the eight major malodorous substances by compound type, concentration, and olfactory intensity.

In addition to the eight major harmful substances listed in the table above, lower fatty acids have recently been recognized as something that cannot be ignored. This mainly occurs when animals and plants decompose and decompose, and although its olfactory m value is very low, it can be smelled at a small concentration.

Table 3 Problems in the removal (deodorization or deodorization) of malodorous substances in the living environment can be summarized as follows.

■ There are many types of malodorous substances that need to be removed, even when limited to the living environment, and there are more than eight types of them.

■ These major malodorous substances have significantly different physical and chemical properties.

■ The deodorants used to remove such a variety of malodorous substances differ in their deodorizing action, effectiveness, and phase (gas, liquid, solid) of the substance.

■ Furthermore, not only are the types of deodorants different, but the mechanisms by which they come into contact with malodorous substances are also different, and the various deodorizing materials produced as means for this purpose must also be different.

■ However, in reality, deodorization is often attempted using a single deodorant or deodorizing material. It is clear that sufficient deodorization is not possible under such circumstances.

■ At this point, some deodorants and deodorizing materials began to be combined. This also includes the above-mentioned inventions previously filed by the inventor.

The following types of deodorizers have been released to date: The first method is to bring the malodorous component into contact with the deodorizing material through forced ventilation or the like. The second is due to the diffusion movement of malodorous components due to the difference in vapor pressure (partial pressure) of malodorous components caused by natural convection without forced ventilation and the disappearance/reduction of malodorous components in the air that has come into contact with the deodorizing material. The odor will be gradually deodorized.

The latter is used in small-volume spaces such as refrigerators, inside cars, storage compartments, and toilets, and as the space becomes larger, the former is often used.The structure of deodorizing materials also depends on the former and the latter. It varies depending on each. The first condition required for the former deodorizing material is that the resistance to the air flow is small, and the second condition is that the air flow is turbulent.
Thirdly, it must be able to generate collisions appropriately and have a high probability of contact with the surface of the deodorant, and thirdly, it must be stable under various atmospheric conditions such as humidity and temperature, and can be used throughout the seasons. The types of malodorous components that must be present are roughly divided into: (a) Acidic (hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, organic acids, etc.) Neutral (methyl sulfide, aldehydes, etc.) Alkaline (ammonia, trimethylamine, etc.) (0) Nitrogen-based Compounds, sulfur-based compounds (c) Those with small molecules, those with large molecules (=) those that are lighter than air, those that are heavier, etc. have a wide variety of properties.

Deodorants used to eliminate these bad odors can be roughly divided into deodorants that use physical adsorption such as activated carbon or zeolite, and chemical deodorizers that use some kind of chemical reaction such as oxidation, neutralization, or reduction (catalytic reaction). Parting ways with scented chemicals.

Deodorizing materials are made by making these deodorants easily come into contact with the above-mentioned malodorous substances. The means for bringing this deodorizing material into contact with air containing malodorous components can be roughly classified into the following two types. Most of the chemical reaction-based deodorants have excellent deodorizing effects on substances such as ammonia, but have little effect on mercaptans. Therefore, it is necessary to synergistically deodorize by combining physical deodorizing means such as adsorption with fibrous activated carbon.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Physical deodorization by adsorption, etc., involves the introduction of malodorous components into the pores of the adsorbent (solid), as seen in activated carbon.
This is a phenomenon that is made difficult to separate due to the "power of Delwals." In addition, the addition reaction in various types of deodorants is
This is a phenomenon in which deodorizing ingredients and malodorous ingredients slowly combine.
It is an intermediate phenomenon between chemical bonding and physical adsorption. In both cases, there is no change in the molecular structure of the malodorous components themselves, and in the case of adsorption, which is a bond that is not very strong, the troublesome phenomenon of re-release due to external conditions (temperature, humidity, air pressure, airflow) is unavoidable. Also, small molecules are difficult to adsorb due to re-release, and some molecules are easy to adsorb and others are difficult to adsorb depending on the size and shape of the molecules. An example of this is that various activated carbons do not adsorb ammonia and hydrogen sulfide very well.

On the other hand, deodorants based on chemical bonds are superior in that the molecular structure of the eight odor substances changes and does not return to its original state, but as already mentioned, the odor substances are Since the chemical properties of the chemically bonded extinguishing agent itself are biased toward one tendency, it cannot effectively act on all malodorous components. Therefore, it is effective against ammonia, but hardly effective against methyl mercaptan.

What is more important is that the conditions under which a deodorant is used, whether physical or chemical, determine its deodorizing effect. The state of malodorous substances when deodorizing or removing them is in the "gas" state in most cases. However, when malodorous substances come into contact with it during actual deodorization work,
It is used in either a gas-liquid or gas-solid state.

On the other hand, the reactions that take place during deodorization experiments in the laboratory are often in a "gas-liquid" state, and when actually used, "
There are many cases of "Ki-Ku" state. For this reason, even though they have shown sufficient deodorizing effects in experiments, they often do not actually show any deodorizing effects.

Large products such as deodorizing devices in factories often have a "gas-liquid" reaction, but most products for consumer use such as homes, offices, and stores, with the exception of sprays, have a "gas-solid" reaction. . Naturally, when the deodorant used is in a solid state, its effect on malodorous substances is different from that in the case of a "gas-liquid" deodorant.

It is self-evident that any deodorizing substance will not adsorb or undergo a chemical reaction unless it comes into contact with malodorous components.
The quality of this contact determines the deodorizing effect. stop·
Since it is convenient to use the deodorant substance in cartridges, even if it is a liquid deodorant at first,
This must be able to be impregnated, dried, and fixed into the cartridge material.

Therefore, this contact is considered under the following conditions.

(a) The size of the surface that comes into contact with the malodorous components.

(b) Condition of contact surface (diffusion of gas inside, etc.) (C)
The amount and state of adhesion of the deodorizing substance on the contact surface and inside the diffusion.

(d) The amount of flow of malodorous components or air containing them at the contact surface (ventilation amount in the case of cartridges), and the amount of circulation.

(e) Size of space.

(f) Condition of air convection in space.

(g) Relationship between length of contact time and reaction.

Malodorous substances do not just exist as gases in space. Many odor-generating sources penetrate or "seep into" ceilings, walls, carpets, furniture, clothing, etc. In some cases, it may liquefy and gradually volatilize. The existence of such sources of malodor is a major problem. The smell of cigarettes is first caused by smoking. Next, this odor evaporates from the particles that make up the smoke in the chimney and diffuses into the space. In addition, these smoke particles and their volatile components adhere to walls, floors, furniture, and other objects and become secondary sources.

Regarding cartridges used in the living environment,
The following conditions are required.

A. Since it is a consumable item, it is inexpensive and there is no difficulty in disposing of it as garbage.

B. It must be harmless to the human body.

Large effective area in contact with C0 air.

D. Low resistance during ventilation, requiring less power from the fan.

F. Stable under atmospheric conditions during all seasons of the year.

G. Depending on where it is used (for example, inside a passenger car), it may receive direct sunlight and the temperature may reach around 80 degrees Celsius. Also,
In cold regions, the temperature can drop by -20°C.
No deterioration even at ~80℃.

Hl The deodorant is closely fixed to the base material of the deodorant.

First, this deodorizing cartridge base material will be described. A device that uses a fan or the like to force ventilation and deodorize is called a "deodorizing cartridge."

Typical commercially available chemical deodorants are listed below: (a) Ferrous sulfate, iron hydrochloride, etc., which are mainly based on chemical reactions based on desulfation effects; some also use vitamin C as a stabilizer; (b) Neutralizing agents such as acidic agents and alkaline agents (c)
Oxidizing reagents such as stabilized chlorine dioxide (d) Reducing reagents such as sodium sulfite (e) Deodorants extracted from green tea, etc. (chemically bonded with flavonoids) (f) Methacrylic esters, maleic esters, etc. Addition reaction type (g) Condensation reaction type such as glyoxysal, etc.

Most of the above deodorants are in liquid form, but in cartridges they are fixed to the base material in solid form. Therefore, the deodorizing reaction is a gas-solid reaction and is different from a reaction in a liquid state. Deodorants using potassium permanganate also react only when there is moisture.

It is not very effective when there is no water.

In the case of chemically reactive deodorants, it is unavoidable that there are some malodorous substances that hardly react. Especially when it comes to cartridges.
Since the deodorant is in a solid state, if it is in a gas-liquid state, a reaction may occur due to the presence of water, but it often does not occur in a gas-solid state.

Among the main malodorous substances, methyl mercaptan is a typical substance that does not easily react with chemically reactive deodorants. 5k
This is the case with M-ferrous iron, but in the case of cartridges that use a deodorant that is a mixture of a flavonoid deodorant and a silica binder, which has an excellent deodorizing response to ammonia, methyl mercaptan is also used. It has almost no effect.

Among the components of malodorous substances that occur in the living environment, ammonia is extremely large in quantity, and the threshold value that represents the minimum concentration that can be felt sensually is approximately 1 ppm of ammonia.
Compared to the above and below, the amount of methyl mercaptan is far less than a few tenths of a pp.

From a practical standpoint, it is often sufficient to remove malodorous components other than methyl mercaptan, such as ammonia. However, if methyl mercaptan is not removed, deodorization will not be sufficient for garlic odor, sewage odor, fish odor, odor from toilets using septic tanks, etc.

The flavonoid wrinkle-based chemically bonded deodorizing cartridge that the inventor of the present invention previously applied for is often useful in making deodorizers, but due to its chemically reactive characteristics, it Although it is effective against trimethylamine and methyl sulfide, it is hardly expected to be effective against methyl mercaptan. This is a drawback.

This new invention was created as a result of these studies, and is mainly based on the following points.

■ The olfactory concentration (threshold 1 g) at which we confuse an odor as a bad odor and the concentration at which it is considered that the odor has been deodorized in practical terms vary greatly depending on the malodorous substance. In other words, the amount of substance to be deodorized varies greatly depending on the malodorous substance. For example, among the eight main malodorous substances listed in Table 2 above, the concentration of ammonia, which should be deodorized, is about 1.0 ppn+, but the concentration of the other seven substances, which should also be deodorized, is The total concentration of substances with an olfactory intensity of 2.5 in Table 2 is about 2.5 compared to ammonia alone, and the sum of the other seven substances is approximately /20
I don't want to be anything but.

■Currently, most of the chemically reactive deodorants that we can use in our daily lives have a common fact: While they have good deodorizing effects on ammonia, they have no effect on methyl mercaptan and the like. This is particularly true when the malodorous substance is vaporized and the deodorant is solid during use.

■ Compositeization of various deodorizing materials such as deodorants or cartridges is simply a parallel mixture, and in this case, ammonia first has selectivity. Deodorizing substances that react with odor materials and have a small deodorizing capacity quickly lose their deodorizing power. Malodorous substances other than ammonia are left behind and cannot react. In other words, such a combination cannot effectively eliminate odors that are diverse and have extremely different concentrations.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the above problems, the stepwise composite deodorizer and deodorizing method according to the present invention divides deodorization into two stages, and includes a chemical reaction mainly aimed at removing ammonia. The first step is deodorization using a type deodorizer or deodorizing material, followed by the use of an adsorption type deodorant or deodorizing material that is excellent in removing malodorous substances other than ammonia, especially methyl mercaptan. 2nd stage and deodorizing
It was deodorized in stages.

In addition to the above two-stage deodorizing structure, the third and fourth inventions include a third stage deodorizing means of a chemical reaction type such as a catalytic reaction downstream of the second deodorizing means. It was established.

Below, the specific configuration of the stepwise composite deodorizer and deodorizing method according to the present invention will be explained in detail.

First, the configuration of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the first invention will be described. The present invention first has a first deodorizing means. This first
The deodorizing means mainly uses chemical reaction type deodorants (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) which are excellent in removing ammonia.

Next, there is a second deodorizing means. This second deodorizing means is provided downstream of the first deodorizing means, and is used to remove malodorous substances such as methyl mercaptan, which the first deodorizing means does not have a good removal effect on. Excellent adsorption deodorant (
Zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, metal oxide,
or a combination of these).

Next, the configuration of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the second invention will be described. Since this invention is the same as the first invention described above except for the configuration described below, the entire detailed description of the first invention described above is incorporated herein in its entirety except for the following points.

Thus, there are air moving means such as fans. This air moving means is for passing air through both of the deodorizing means described above.

Next, the configuration of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the third invention will be described. Since this invention is the same as the first invention described above except for the configuration described below, the entire detailed description of the first invention described above is incorporated herein in its entirety except for the following points.

Therefore, there is a third deodorizing means. This third deodorizing means uses a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.). This third deodorizing means is provided downstream of the second deodorizing means.

Furthermore, the configuration of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the fourth invention will be described. Since this invention is the same as the second invention described above except for the configuration described below, the entire detailed description of the second invention described above is incorporated herein in its entirety except for the following points.

Therefore, there is a third deodorizing means. This third deodorizing means uses a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.). This third deodorizing means is provided downstream of the second deodorizing means.

Next, the configuration of the stepwise composite deodorizing method of the fifth invention will be described. In the first step, this invention mainly removes ammonia using a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) that is excellent in removing ammonia. Deodorize.

Next, as a second step, adsorption type deodorizers (zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, metal monomers, or a composite thereof, etc.) to deodorize methyl mercaptan, etc.

Finally, the configuration of the stepwise composite deodorizing method of the sixth invention will be described. This invention is based on the third aspect of the invention except for the configuration described below.
Since the invention is the same as the invention in the third invention above, except for the following points,
The entire detailed description of the invention is hereby incorporated by reference.

Therefore, the above-mentioned first
Air is forced to pass through and come into contact with both the stage and second stage deodorizing means.

[Function] Since the stepwise composite deodorizer and deodorization method according to the present invention have the above-described configuration, the following effects are produced.

First, the operation of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the first invention will be described. First, the first deodorizing means mainly deodorizes ammonia because it uses a chemically reactive deodorizing agent that mainly removes ammonia.

Next, a second stage deodorizing means is provided downstream of the first deodorizing means. Therefore, from the air from which ammonia has been mainly removed by the first-stage deodorizing means, adsorption-type deodorizers (materials) that are excellent in removing methyl mercaptan, etc., which have poor removal effects by the first-stage deodorizing means, are used. ), the remaining methyl mercaptan and the like are effectively removed by this second stage deodorizing means.

Next, the operation of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the second invention will be described. Since this invention is the same as the first invention described above except for the functions described below, the entire detailed description of the first invention described above is incorporated herein in its entirety except for the following points.

Thus, the air moving means such as a fan forces the air to be deodorized into contact with the first deodorizing means and the second deodorizing means.

Next, the operation of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the third invention will be described. Since this invention is the same as the first invention described above except for the functions described below, the entire detailed description of the first invention described above is incorporated herein in its entirety except for the following points.

Therefore, the third deodorizing means uses a chemically reactive deodorizing agent (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.), and is different from the second deodorizing means described above. Since it is provided downstream of the second adsorption type deodorizing means, it further removes a small amount of malodorous substances re-released by the second adsorption type deodorizing means.

Furthermore, the operation of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the fourth invention will be described. Since this invention is the same as the second invention described above except for the functions described below, the entire detailed description of the second invention described above is incorporated herein in its entirety except for the following points.

Therefore, the third deodorizing means uses a chemically reactive deodorizing agent (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.), and is different from the second deodorizing means described above. Since it is provided downstream of the second adsorption type deodorizing means, it further removes a small amount of malodorous substances re-released by the second adsorption type deodorizing means.

Next, the operation of the stepwise composite deodorizing method of the fifth invention will be described. Ik first, chemical reaction 1' that primarily removes ammonia! A deodorizing material using a deodorant mainly deodorizes ammonia.

Then, methyl mercaptan is mainly deodorized by a deodorizing material using an adsorption type deodorant that mainly removes methyl mercaptan.

Finally, the operation of the stepwise composite deodorizing method of the sixth invention will be described. This invention has the above-mentioned third function except for the functions described below.
Since the invention is the same as the invention in the third invention above, except for the following points,
The entire detailed description of the invention is hereby incorporated by reference.

Thus, the air moving means such as a fan forces the air to be deodorized into contact with the first deodorizing means and the second deodorizing means.

[Example] The stepwise composite deodorizer and deodorizing method according to the present invention will be explained in detail using an example thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a staged composite deodorizer according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a side sectional view of a second embodiment of the staged composite deodorizer according to the present invention.

First, an embodiment of the stepwise composite deodorizer of the first invention will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG. 1, the explanatory diagram shown in FIG. 3, and the exploded perspective view of one embodiment shown in FIG. This invention utilizes the movement and inflow of malodorous components through natural convection, convection due to air conditioning, etc., and diffusion movement due to partial pressure caused by a difference in the concentration of malodorous components.

First, there is a first deodorizing means 1. This first deodorizing means 1 basically uses the silica-based deodorizing liquid described in JP-A-64-37955.

Specifically, it is the same as the paper cutter cam type cartridge described in JP-A No. 64-85658, but the size and shape are different. The outer diameter is the same as 50 mm, but the length is shorter at 40 mm. The width of the rolled honeycomb paper is 30 mm.
The total length (when unfolded) is 160 mm. This honeycomb paper is rolled up to look like the perspective view shown on the left side of FIG.

Then, this is firmly fitted into a 1 mm thick cartridge case C made of polypropylene and fixed. This paper honeycomb material was immersed in the same silica-based deodorizing solution as in the above invention (for a few seconds), pulled up, wiped off with ventilation, left closed for 24 hours to ripen, and then heated at 60°C. Dry with ventilation. At this time, the surface moisture content of the honeycomb part is 10
% to 5%.

As mentioned above, the silica-based deodorizing liquid used this time is slightly different from the one used in the previous case. It is made by adding 5% titanium oxide fine powder to this deodorizing liquid and stirring it thoroughly to form a suspended liquid. This titanium oxide has a deodorizing effect and is expected to have a synergistic effect with the above-mentioned silica-based deodorant liquid.

In addition to silica gel type, this deodorant liquid also has flavonoid type.
A chemically reactive deodorant mainly excellent in ammonia removal, such as a ferric 9j acid type deodorant, may be used.

Next, there is a second deodorizing means 2. This second deodorizing means 2 is provided downstream of the first deodorizing means. The first deodorizing means is made of a mat type activated carbon fiber that is excellent in removing malodorous components such as methyl mercaptan, which has poor removal effects. As shown on the right side of FIG. 4, a large number of pores 2a of about 2 Qin size are formed.

This activated charcoal! One side of the fiber mat was made of activated carbon fibers that had some shape retention properties. This mat is fitted into the above cartridge C as shown in FIG.

Therefore, this second deodorizing stage 2 is made by molding an adsorption type deodorant such as zeolite, granular activated carbon, metal oxide, or a composite of these in addition to the activated carbon fibers described above. It may also be used as

Since most of the malodorous components have been removed by the first deodorizing means, the second deodorizing means 2 has a higher deodorizing efficiency than the conventional mixed type composite deodorizing. Good, so you only need a small amount.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, between the first deodorizing means 1 and the second deodorizing means 2,
Some space S is provided in order to avoid clogging of the flow hole due to the difference in shape from the deodorizing means 2. A cover C is placed over this space S to prevent air from leaking outside.

In addition to the above embodiments, a rectangular tube type is also possible, as shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. Furthermore, an installed (leaved) type as shown in the perspective view shown in FIG. 6 may be used.

This utilizes the natural convection of air and the partial pressure caused by the concentration gradient of malodorous substances.

Next, an embodiment of the stepwise composite deodorizer according to the second invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. This invention is based on a contact reaction between a malodorous substance and a deodorant (material) through forced ventilation, and is the same as the first invention above except for the parts described below. The entire text of the description of one embodiment of the invention in No. 1 is incorporated herein by reference. However, there is Phant.

This fan F allows air to pass through both of the deodorizing means 1 and 2 described above.

Next, an embodiment of the stepwise composite deodorizer according to the third and fourth inventions will be described with reference to the block diagram in FIG. 1 and the side sectional view in FIG. 2. These inventions are based on a contact reaction between a malodorous substance and a deodorant (material) through natural ventilation or forced ventilation, respectively, and are the same as the first or second invention above except for the parts described below. Therefore, except for the following points, the entire text of each of the embodiments of the first and second inventions above is incorporated herein by reference.

Therefore, there is a third deodorizing means 3 using the chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) of the first invention. This third deodorizing means is provided downstream of the second deodorizing means. This is because physical adsorption type deodorizing means has the disadvantage of re-releasing the adsorbed malodorous components due to slight changes in external conditions, so physical adsorption type deodorizing means are designed to further remove the re-released malodorous components. It is something that

Therefore, the amount thereof may be much smaller than that of the first and second deodorizing means. The deodorizing agent used in this third deodorizing means is preferably a catalytic chemical reaction type deodorant.

Note that a space may or may not be provided between the second and third deodorizing means.

Next, an embodiment of the stepwise composite deodorizing method of the fifth invention will be described. This invention also utilizes natural convection and diffusion movement due to partial pressure based on the concentration difference of malodorous components. Therefore, as a first step, ammonia is mainly removed using deodorizing materials that use chemically reactive deodorants that are excellent at removing ammonia, such as flavonoid-based, ferrous sulfate-based, silica gel-based, and catalyst-based deodorants. Deodorize.

Next, in the second step, zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, metal oxide, or a composite thereof is used to remove malodorous substances such as methyl mercaptan, which are not effective in removing odors in the first step. Methyl mercaptan, etc. are deodorized using a deodorizing material using an adsorption type deodorant such as.

Finally, an embodiment of the stepwise composite deodorizing method of the sixth invention will be described. This invention is also based on a similar reaction between a malodorous component and a deodorizing agent (material) through forced ventilation, and is the same as the third invention above except for the points described below. The full text of the description of an embodiment of the third invention is incorporated herein by reference.The fan F forces air to pass through both the first and second stage deodorizing means. 0 or higher, and the measured deodorization values are listed in Table 4 below.

Values measured in Table 4 [Effects of the Invention] Since the stepwise composite deodorizer and deodorizing method according to the present invention have the above-described configuration, the deodorization is selectively combined. The following significant effects were achieved.

First, ammonia is effectively removed by allowing air containing malodorous substances to pass through and come into contact with a chemically reactive deodorant (material) that has a faster deodorizing speed and a larger deodorizing capacity than ammonia.

Following this, the remaining malodorous substances are removed by an adsorption type deodorant (material) that is effective against malodorous substances other than ammonia.

By using such a selective and stepwise deodorization method, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) After the first stage of deodorization, ammonia, which quantitatively accounts for most of the malodorous substances, is removed.

Along with this, substances other than ammonia are also excluded depending on the characteristics of the chemically reactive deodorant (material).

(2) Methyl mercaptan and other malodorous substances that were hardly removed in the first stage are effectively removed by the adsorption type deodorizer (material) in the second stage. be.

(3) With this method, the adsorption type deodorant (material) used in the second stage is not used to remove ammonia, so only a small amount of deodorizing capacity is required. Therefore, the required amount (size) of the adsorption type deodorant (material) is significantly reduced. This has resulted in deodorants becoming smaller, lighter, and cheaper.

In addition, the effective deodorizing capacity of deodorants and deodorizing materials has increased, resulting in significant benefits such as longer effective periods.

In this way, deodorizing materials and deodorizers made through stepwise compounding will exhibit a balanced and sufficient deodorizing effect against a wide variety of odors compared to conventional simple compounding. .

In addition to the above effects, the third and fourth inventions have the following effects. In other words, since the second deodorizing means using an adsorption type deodorizing agent may re-release a part of the adsorbed malodorous components due to fluctuations in the ablation conditions, A third deodorizing means using a chemical reaction type deodorizing agent such as a catalytic reaction was provided to remove the re-released malodorous components.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a staged composite deodorizer according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a side sectional view of a second embodiment of the staged composite deodorizer according to the present invention. FIG. 3 shows an explanatory view of an installed type embodiment of the first invention of the stepwise composite deodorizer according to the invention. FIG. 4 shows an exploded perspective view of the cylindrical embodiment of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 shows an exploded perspective view of the prismatic cylindrical embodiment of FIG. 3. FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the installed type. FIG. 7 is a chart showing the general relationship between substance concentration and odor intensity. 1... First deodorizing means 2... Second deodorizing means 3... Third deodorizing means F... Hung

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A first deodorizing means using a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) that is mainly excellent in removing ammonia; An adsorption type deodorizer (zeolite, granular activated carbon, , a second deodorizing means using fibrous activated carbon, metal oxide, a composite thereof, etc.). 2) A first deodorizing means using a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) that is mainly excellent in removing ammonia; An adsorption type deodorizer (such as zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, metal oxide or a composite thereof, etc.); and an air moving means such as a fan that passes air through both of the above deodorizing means. A staged composite deodorizer. 3) A first deodorizing means using a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) that is mainly excellent in removing ammonia; Adsorption type deodorizers (zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, metal a second deodorizing means using a chemically reactive deodorizing agent (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate, etc.) provided downstream of the second deodorizing means; 1. A stepwise composite deodorizer comprising: a third deodorizing means using a deodorizing system (such as a silica gel system, a silica gel system, a catalyst system, etc.). 4) A first deodorizing means using a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) that is mainly excellent in removing ammonia; Adsorption type deodorizers (zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, metal A second deodorizing means using a chemically reactive deodorizing agent (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, etc.) provided downstream of the second deodorizing means , silica gel system, catalyst system, etc.); and an air moving means such as a fan that passes air through the deodorizing means. deodorizer. 5) Mainly deodorize ammonia using a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) that is excellent in removing ammonia, and then Adsorption type deodorizers (zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon,
1. A stepwise composite deodorizing method comprising deodorizing methyl mercaptan or the like using a metal oxide or a composite thereof, etc. 6) Mainly deodorize ammonia using a chemically reactive deodorant (flavonoid type, ferrous sulfate type, silica gel type, catalyst type, etc.) that is excellent in removing ammonia, and then Adsorption type deodorizers (zeolite, granular activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon,
deodorizing methyl mercaptan, etc. using a metal oxide or a composite thereof, etc., and forcing air to pass through both of the above deodorizing means using an air moving means such as a fan; A stepwise composite deodorizing method characterized by comprising: