JPH0429973B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a simple blood analyzer.

Blood contains many different chemical components. The concentration of these chemical components remains the same as long as the organism is healthy.
They are maintained within a certain range, but when the equilibrium state of the living body is disrupted due to disease, etc., the concentration of these components changes. For example, there is a rapid increase in the amount of various enzymes during acute hepatitis, and changes in serum colloid reaction during chronic hepatitis. Therefore, accurately measuring the concentration of blood components collected from living organisms is important for disease diagnosis,
It is important for rationally conducting follow-up observations and treatment plans, and various blood analyzers have been developed in the past.

However, most conventional blood analyzers commonly used react blood (whole blood, serum, blood sample) with a reagent in a liquid state, and measure the change in color of the blood. Therefore, in order to analyze various components of blood collected from the same organism, not only a large amount of blood was required;
There was a problem in that analysis also took time and normal values fluctuated.

Furthermore, in the past, devices for the purpose of analyzing multiple components have been developed and have come to be widely used not only in the field of therapeutic medicine but also in the field of preventive medicine. The device described in Publication No. 56-77746 does not have a means to preheat the spare disk, so if there are 18 types of measuring elements required for inspection, a disk with 18 through holes arranged in a row must be prepared. However, the device is large, consumes energy, is expensive, and cannot be easily installed by a general practitioner.

In view of the above points, this invention uses a disk-shaped measuring element impregnated with a reagent that reacts with blood components to form a color.
With a simple configuration in which the measuring element measures the degree of color development in blood, analysis of various chemical components in blood can be performed easily, quickly, and accurately using a small amount of blood. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple blood analyzer that can contribute to miniaturization and energy saving.

Next, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a thermostatic chamber that is always maintained at a constant temperature (30 to 40°C) by heating means 2 such as a heater, and 3 is a disk chamber provided in the center of the upper part of the thermostatic chamber 1. The disk chamber 3 has a cross-sectional tray. It consists of a section 4 and a transparent opening/closing lid 5. A ventilation hole 6 is provided in the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3, and air warmed in the thermostatic chamber 1 is convected into the disk chamber 3 through the ventilation hole 6. Reference numeral 7 denotes a disk mounting table protruding into the disk chamber 3 through a through hole 8 provided at the center of the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3, and the disk mounting table 7 is supported by a shaft 9 passing through the center thereof. . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, this shaft rod 9 has its lower end fitted into a shaft cylinder 10 which is rotatably held at the bottom of the thermostatic chamber 1, and is loaded into the shaft cylinder 10. It is pressed upward by a spring 11. The shaft rod 9 engages with a vertical hole 12 provided on the side surface of the shaft tube 10 via a pin 13, and while the range of vertical movement is restricted, the rotation of the shaft rod 9 is integral with the shaft tube 10. It is becoming more and more common to do so.

14 is a sheet-like member 15 impregnated with a reagent that develops color by reacting with blood components, and an exposed window 1 is provided at the center of the upper and lower surfaces.
The measuring element 14 is a disk-shaped measuring element held by a flat frame member 17 having holes 6 and 16'. It is fitted into each through hole 18 of the disk 19. These measuring elements are impregnated with different reagents for each chemical component of blood, but at least 18 types are generally satisfactory. The remaining measuring elements that cannot be fitted into the through holes of the disk 19 are fitted into the through holes of the spare disks 19' and 19'' as shown in FIG.
6 and is set to be preheated.

The disk 19 has a center hole 20 that can fit into the head 9' of the shaft rod 9 projecting from the center of the disk mounting table 7, and an engagement hole that engages with a protrusion 21 that projects at an eccentric position of the disk mounting table 7. 22 are provided, respectively, so that they can be accurately positioned when installed in the disk chamber 3. In this embodiment, a part of the rotation of the disk 19 is caused by the opening/closing lid 5.
It protrudes from the front notch 23 and can be rotated manually, but it may also be rotated electrically. Further, the rotation of the disk 19 can be stopped at each angle at which the through hole 18 is arranged. As a means for this, in this embodiment, a notch means 24 is provided on the lower surface of the shaft cylinder 10 which rotates integrally with the shaft rod 9, as shown in the fourth figure.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a pipette insertion part provided in the opening/closing lid 5 of the disk chamber 3, and the pipette insertion part 25 is inserted into the pipette (not shown) to insert the pipette into the disk 19.
The measuring element 14 is positioned in the center of the measuring element 14 fitted in one of the through holes 18 so that blood can be accurately dispensed.

26 is a photometric optical means for measuring the degree of color development of the measuring element 14 in blood, and is shown in FIGS. 7 to 9. In the figure, 27 is a light source such as a halogen lamp, and 28 is a filter provided in front of the light source 27.
This is to separate the light beam into photometric light beams of desired wavelengths. 29 is a lens that makes the photometric light beam obtained through the filter 28 parallel, and 30 is a reflecting mirror that bends the photometric light beam that has become parallel through the lens 29 in the vertical direction. The photometric light beam bent by the reflecting mirror 30 is focused by a condensing lens 31 and irradiated onto the back surface of the measuring element 14 fitted in one of the through holes 18 of the disk 19. The reflected light from the back surface of the irradiated measuring element 14 is transmitted to the light receiving element 33 by an optical fiber 32 passing through the center of the condensing lens 31. The optical information received by the light receiving element 33 is transmitted to a display window 46 via a sensor and an automatic calculation device (not shown).
will be displayed.

The filter 28 has different types of measuring elements 19 impregnated with different reagents for each chemical component of the blood to be analyzed (some of them are common).
In order to obtain a photometric light beam of the necessary wavelength, a plurality of them are prepared and fitted into a plurality of through holes 36 equally arranged on the same circle of the rotating disk 35 as shown in FIG. 9. Therefore, the rotating disk 35 has only one through hole 3.
One non-circular end 37' of the horizontal shaft 37 so that the filter 28 fitted in
It is pivoted on. Further, a part of the rotating disk 35 is exposed to the outside through a long groove 38 provided on the upper surface of the thermostatic chamber 1, so that it can be rotated manually (see FIG. 1). The other end of the horizontal shaft 37 is fitted into a rotary shaft tube 40 rotatably held in a cross-sectional form 39 fixed to the bottom plate 1' of the thermostatic chamber 1. Long hole 41 provided in
via a pin 42, and can slide in the lateral direction (axial direction). 43 is the horizontal axis 3
The sliding lever 43 has a base end pivoted to the bottom plate 1' of the constant temperature chamber 1, and a free end provided perpendicularly to the long groove 38 for exposing the rotating disk on the top surface of the constant temperature chamber 1. It projects outward through the long groove 44. In other words, the free end of the sliding lever 43 is connected to the spring 45.
When the horizontal shaft 37 is tilted to the left as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 9, one end 37' of the horizontal shaft 37 comes out of the rotary disk 34, so that the filter 28 can be replaced together with the rotary disk. Note that this filter 28 may be located in front of the light receiving element 33.

Reference numeral 47 denotes actuating means for bringing the disk 19 into close contact with the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3, and is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. Bringing this disk 19 into close contact with the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3 means that the measuring element 14 is placed in the disk chamber 3 as shown in FIG.
This means that the top surface of the condenser lens 31 of the photometric optical means 26 is brought into contact with the top of the cone-shaped cover 34 through the photometric through hole 8' provided in the tray portion 4 of the photometric optical means 26. In other words, this is to keep the distance between the condenser lens 31 and the measuring element 14 constant. In the figure, reference numerals 48 and 49 denote two swing levers whose free ends 48' and 49' are locked to the upper surface of a flange 50 fixed in the middle of the shaft 9.
The base ends 48'', 49'' of 8, 49 are pivotally attached to the front and rear surfaces of a wall plate 51 erected in the thermostatic chamber 1 via a common pin 52. Reference numeral 53 designates a first push button that moves the swinging lever 48 located on the front side downward, and reference numeral 54 indicates a second pushbutton that moves the swinging lever 49 on the rear side downward.
The first push button 53 is integrally attached to the upper end of a slide plate 55 that hangs down along the front surface of the wall board 51, and the second push button 54 is attached to the upper end of the slide plate 56 that hangs down along the rear surface of the wall board 51. arm 5
They are integrally attached via 6'. The slide plates 55 and 56 have elongated holes 5 in their upper and lower parts.
7, 57' are provided and engage with pins 58, 58' protruding from the wall plate 51. Further, the slide plates 55 and 56 have protrusions 59 provided at their lower ends.
The slide plates 55 and 56 and the swing levers 48 and 49 are always pressed upward by a spring 60 stretched between the pin 59' provided on the wall plate 51, and the slide plates 55 and 56 and the swing levers 48 and 49 are , 61' are connected via a spring 62 stretched between them. Therefore, the first pushbutton 5
3 is pushed down against the spring 60, the slide plate 55 swings the front swing lever 48 downward via the spring 62, and the flange body 50 whose free end 48' is locked At the same time, the shaft lever 9 is moved downward to bring the disk 19 into close contact with the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3, while pressing the second push button 54.
When pressed down, the rear swing lever 49 swings downward by the slide plate 56, so that the disk 19 can be brought into close contact with the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3 in the same manner as described above. Reference numeral 63 denotes a stop lever whose lower end engages with a recessed notch 64 provided at an appropriate position in a slide plate 56 integral with the second push button 54, as shown in the sixth figure. It is rotatably attached to a pin 66 provided on the rear surface of the plate 51. Reference numeral 67 denotes a spring that biases the lower end of the stop lever 63 to rotate in a direction in which it comes into pressure contact with the slide plate 56. 68 is a protrusion provided at the upper end of the stop lever 63;
passes through a hole 69 provided in the wall plate 51 and protrudes from the front surface of the wall plate 51. Reference numeral 70 denotes a rotating lever provided directly below the second push button 54. The base end of the rotating lever 70 is pivotally connected to the wall plate 51 via a pin 71, and the free end is supported by a spring 72. It abuts against a button 54' on the lower surface of the second push button 54. Further, an abutment plate 73 is provided on the lower surface of the free end of the rotary lever 70 and abuts against the protrusion 68 at the upper end of the stop lever 63.

Now, turn on the second pushbutton 54 from the OFF state.
When the slide plate 56 integrated with the second push button 54 is lowered, the lower end of the stop lever 63 engages with the recessed part 64 under the pressure of the spring 67, and the slide plate 56 is pushed down. keep it as it is. The lowering of the slide plate 56 moves the disk 19 into the disk chamber 3 via the swing lever 49.
It is brought into close contact with the tray section 4 of the. When the pressing force of the second push button 54 is released, the slide plate 5
6 receives an upward returning force due to the action of the spring 60, so the stop lever 63 moves upward by the stroke of the elongated hole 65 while remaining engaged with the recessed part 64 of the slide plate 56. In this state, that is, when the second push button 54 is turned on, the tip of the contact plate 73 provided on the lower surface of the free end of the rotating lever 70 is in contact with the protrusion 68 on the upper end of the stop lever 63. Close to each other. Therefore, when the second push button 54 is pushed further down from the ON state, the upper surface of the free end of the rotary lever 70 is pushed and rotated downward, and the tip of the abutment plate 73 presses the upper end of the stop lever 63. Therefore, the stop lever 63 rotates about the pin 66 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Thereafter, when the pressing force on the second push button 54 is released, the second push button returns to the OFF state due to the elastic force of the spring 60. That is, the first push button 53 temporarily brings the disk 19 into close contact with the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3, and the second push button 54 is provided with a stop lever 63 and a rotating lever 70 for releasing the stop lever. The disk 19 is continuously brought into close contact with the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3. In other words, the first push button 53 is for end point assay, and the second push button 54 is for rate assay, which are selectively used depending on the chemical component of blood to be analyzed. In the figure, 74 is a measurement start switch, and 75 is a photometry switch that is closed when the first and second pushbuttons 53 and 54 are pressed.

Next, the effect will be explained.

First, the measurement element 14 impregnated with a reagent necessary for blood analysis is fitted into each through hole 18 of the disk 19 as shown in the third figure. Next, the opening/closing lid 5 of the disk chamber 3 in which the disk 19 is installed in the upper part of the thermostatic chamber 1 is opened as shown in the first figure, and the disk mounting table 7 protruding from the central through hole 8 of the tray section 4 of the disk chamber 3 is opened. The center hole 20 of the disk 19 is fitted into the head 9' of the shaft rod 9 protruding from the center, and at the same time, the engagement hole 22 is engaged with the projection 21. Once the disk 19 has been set in this way, the opening/closing lid 5 of the disk chamber 3 is closed, and a pipette is inserted through the pipette insertion part 25 provided on the top surface of the opening/closing lid 5 to collect blood (whole blood,
Dispense serum, plasma). This dispensing is performed on disk 1.
9 is manually advanced one frame at a time.
Next, a photometric operation is performed to measure the degree of color development when the dispensed blood reacts with the reagent in the measurement element 14.
Before this, select the filter 28 in advance by rotating the rotary disk 35 according to the properties of the measuring element 14 to be measured, and decide whether to use the end point assay or the rate assay.
the push button 53, if the latter, the second push button 54
Press down. As a result, the slide plate 55 or 56 is lowered, and the shaft 9 is moved downward via the swing lever 48 or 49, thereby bringing the disk 19 into close contact with the tray portion 4 of the disk chamber 3. This is to keep the photometric distance constant. When the disks 19 are in close contact with each other, the photometry switch 75 is turned on, so when the measurement start switch 74 is pressed, the light source 27 of the optical means 26 emits light, and the light passes through the filter 28 and only the light of the desired wavelength is extracted. , the back surface of the measuring element 14 fitted into the through hole 18 of the disk 19 is irradiated through the lens 29, the reflecting mirror 30, and the condensing lens 31 as shown in FIG. The irradiated reflected light from the back surface of the measurement element 14 reaches the light receiving element 33 through the optical fiber 32, and the analysis value is digitally displayed on the display window 46 via a sensor and an automatic calculation device (not shown).

In this way, according to the present invention, a disk chamber through which air in the constant temperature chamber can circulate is provided in the upper part of a constant temperature chamber maintained within a certain temperature range by heating means such as a heater, and a disk-shaped measurement device is installed in the disk chamber. A rotatable disk is provided in which a plurality of through holes into which the elements can be fitted are equally arranged on the same circle, and a photometric light beam is irradiated on the back side of the measuring element fitted into one of the through holes of the disk in the thermostatic chamber. Since an optical means is provided to take out the reflected light from the back surface of the irradiated measuring element to the light receiving element, a measuring element impregnated with a reagent that develops color by reacting with the blood component to be analyzed is fitted into each through hole of the disk. If you keep it attached, you can easily and quickly analyze various chemical components in your blood using a small amount of blood.

In addition, the disk chamber is connected to a thermostatic chamber that is always maintained at a constant temperature range, and the air warmed in the thermostatic chamber circulates, so the reaction conditions for the measurement element to react with blood are uniform. Accurate measurements can be obtained, and since the spare disks are preheated in a storage room in a constant temperature room, even if there are a large number of measuring elements required for an inspection, it is possible to Since it is sufficient to prepare a plurality of small disks with a small number and preheat them, there is no need to increase the size of the disks, which contributes to miniaturization and energy saving of the device.

Furthermore, although the present invention is a blood analyzer capable of performing a wide variety of chemical analyses, it has a simple structure, is easy to handle, is small and lightweight, and is suitable for bedside testing or testing of several to dozens of specimens in a laboratory. Also, it can be easily used for testing a large number of specimens in mass medical examinations, etc., and has the advantage that it can be used for a wide range of purposes.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional perspective view of the measuring element, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the disk fitted with the measuring element, Figure 4 is a front sectional view of the disk installed in the disk chamber, and Figure 5 is a front sectional view of the disk installed in the disk chamber.
6 is a perspective view of the stop lever of the second push button, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the optical means, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view during photometry.
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the filter attachment part, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the storage. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Constant temperature room, 2... Heating means, 3... Disk chamber, 14... Measuring element, 18... Through hole, 19...
. . . disk, 26 . . . optical means, 33 . . . light receiving element.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Optical means that is rotatably provided with a disk having a plurality of equally arranged through holes into which measuring elements can be fitted, irradiates the back surface of the measuring element fitted into the through holes with a photometric light beam, and extracts the reflected light to the light receiving element. A simple blood analyzer equipped with a thermostatic chamber in which the disk is maintained within a certain temperature range and a storage for spare disks, the thermostatic chamber and a plurality of ventilation holes are installed in the upper part of the thermostatic chamber. 1. A simple blood analyzer, characterized in that the blood analyzer is replaceably installed in a disk chamber formed to be thermally connected through the disk chamber.