JPH0430384A - automatic performance device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To always execute automatic playing synchronized with a CD and so on precisely irrespective of playing time by using an SQCK clock prepared within a sequence control part. CONSTITUTION:A control part 201 includes a key pressing detecting/sounding assigning circuit, executes scanning for a constant period and fetches key press ing and parting key information within an instrument operating part 202. Be sides, when a key is key-pressed, the control part 201 assigns the key-pressed key to any of plural sounding assigning channels and the musical sound informa tion of the key is written in a sequence memory 204 based on the operating information of the key and is outputted to a tone generator 205. It is outputted from a subcode every 1 second at the same time as the reproducing starting of an CD. The instrument control part 201 reads the data of the memory 204 with using the both of the zero frame detecting signal of the CD and a clock outputted every 5.208ms in a sequence control part 203 within an electronic keyboard instrument part and generates a clock SQCK of time when an auto matic playing action is executed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a system for combining music, etc. automatically played by a sequencer, and music, etc. played by a compact disc (CD), a digital audio tape recorder (DAT), etc. It's about synchronization.

[Traditional techniques]

Anyone can easily enjoy music with excellent sound quality by having a sequencer automatically play music in time with the playback of audio such as a CD.

In such cases, there was no system in the past to synchronize the performance of a CD and a sequencer, so it was possible to simply synchronize the CD and sequencer, such as recording or playing the sequencer at the same time as the beginning of the CD song. All I could do was match the timing of both starts.

In such a conventional example, if a pause or fast-forward is performed during playback of a CD, the synchronization between the CD and the sequencer is lost at that point. Also, even if you do not stop or fast forward, if the CD and sequencer playback are not synchronized,
As time passes, the difference in performance timing between the two increases.

In order to prevent such a situation, it is necessary to synchronize the sub-coding frame clock (abbreviated as CDCK) of a CD or the like with the recording/playback clock (abbreviated as SQCK) of the sequencer.

The sub-coding frames are 00 to 74 frames per second, which is 75 Hz in terms of frequency. On the other hand, in a sequencer, the minimum number of time units that divide the note length of one quarter note (this is called resolution, and the larger this value is, the finer the change is made to the note length of automatic performance, the more subtle it is. For example, if the performance tempo is 120 quarter notes per minute, the time for one quarter note is 0.5 seconds, so the resolution is 96. In order to make 96, the frequency of 5QCK must be 9610.5 = 192 (Hz).

To generate this 192 Hz clock, a timer in an internal circuit is used, but since the frequency of the clock oscillator for this timer is usually about IMHz, the clock period is about 1 μsec. Therefore, by dividing the frequency of such a timer, a 192 Hz clock will be generated.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the period of 5QCK of 19211z is 5.208
333333333...m5ec, whereas
For example, the period that can be expressed by dividing a timer clock with a period of 1 μsec is 5,208 m5ec (5208 clocks) or 5,209 m5ec (5209 clocks), and the period of 5QCK cannot be expressed accurately. For this purpose, 1 of 5QCK, which corresponds to 1 second, is
The 92nd clock is 999.936m5ec, and C
It does not match the 1 second of the 75th clock of DCK. This error increases over time, causing both clocks to become increasingly out of sync.

The problem of the present invention is to prevent the time error between the two clocks from accumulating, which gradually increases with the passage of time, and to prevent the accumulation of the time error between the two clocks, even when the CD returns to the playback state after performing an operation other than playback, such as fast-forwarding the CD. , to maintain synchronization between the playback of the CD and the sequencer.

(Means for Solving the Problems) First, the present invention has an audio reproducing means for reproducing an audio signal.The means is, for example, a compact disc player or a digital audio tape recorder.

Next, f1 is synchronized with the playback operation of the audio signal.
It has a first reference clock generating means for generating a first reference clock having a frequency of Hertz (r+ is a natural number).

The means detects a zero frame (outputted once per second) of a sub-coding frame of a compact disc, for example, and generates a zero frame detection signal having a frequency of fl = 1 hertz as a first reference clock. .

Next, it has second reference clock generating means for generating a second reference clock having a frequency of f2 hertz. Here, fl is a multiple of fl.

The means can, for example, change the frequency of a 1 MHz oscillator to 115
This is means for generating a clock having a frequency of fz=192 hertz by dividing the frequency by 209.

Furthermore, it has the following sequencer clock generation means. That is, the means sets the second reference clock to the second reference clock generating means at the position of the pulse of the first reference clock generated from the first reference clock generating means synchronized with the start of reproduction of the audio signal by the audio reproducing means. Start clock generation. Thereafter, the sequencer clock generation means outputs the second reference clock as a sequencer clock, and starts from that position without including the pulse at the generation start position, fz/r+ (192/1=1 in the above example).
92), the pulse of the second reference clock is replaced with the pulse of the first reference clock (first in the above example) and output as a sequencer clock, and the above operation is repeated with that output point as the new generation start position. , generates the sequencer clock.

Continuing, in synchronization with the above-mentioned sequencer Kurotsuta,
It has sequencer means for recording and reproducing performance data for automatically playing the musical instrument, that is, information regarding pitch, timbre, or herocity.

Furthermore, the present invention allows the musical instrument to automatically perform in synchronization with the reproduction of the audio signal by the audio reproduction means based on the performance data output from the sequencer means, and sets the audio reproduction means to a state other than reproduction during the automatic performance. In the case of returning to the playback state after the transfer, the following two configurations can be adopted.

First, the first configuration is the time from the pulse position of the first reference clock generated from the first reference clock generation means synchronized with the start of reproduction of the audio signal by the audio reproduction means to the timed playback return position of the audio reproduction means. If the value obtained by dividing by the period of the first reference clock does not include a decimal part, the value obtained by dividing the position of the first reference clock corresponding to that value by the period of the first reference clock. When the value includes a decimal part, the automatic performance start position is set to the position of the first reference clock corresponding to the value obtained by adding the value 1 to the integer part of the value.

In the second configuration, the time X from the synchronization point position n where the respective pulses of the first reference clock and the second reference clock are synchronized to the reciprocating return position C of the audio reproduction means is calculated as the second reference clock. If the value obtained by dividing by the period does not include a decimal part, calculate the clock number c1 of the second reference clock as that value, and add the decimal part to the value obtained by dividing by the period of the second reference clock. , the clock number C1 of the second reference clock is obtained by adding the value 1 to the integer part of that value, and then the clock number C1 of the second reference clock is calculated from the position in of the synchronization point to the position of the clock number cl of the second reference clock. Time difference y between time and time X
is added to the playback return position C of the audio playback means to determine the position of the automatic performance start point.

[For production]

When automatic performance is performed in synchronization with the playback of an audio playback means such as a compact disc player, the sequencer clock generation means synchronizes the clock of the audio playback means with the sequencer clock at fixed intervals, for example, every second. Newly obtained.

Therefore, automatic performance can be performed at the correct timing in synchronization with audio playback without accumulating synchronization timing errors.

Furthermore, when the audio playback means returns to the playback state from a state other than playback, such as fast-forwarding, even if the return point is in the middle of the song, it is also possible to By setting the position of the first reference clock or the second reference clock based on time as the starting position of automatic performance, it is possible to immediately start automatic performance in accordance with (synchronizing with) the music being played.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described in which the present invention is applied to automatically playing an electronic keyboard instrument in synchronization with playback by a CD player.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of this embodiment.
It is broadly divided into a CD player section 100 and an electronic keyboard instrument section 200.

The respective stereo outputs (L, R) of the CD playback sound in the CD player section 100 and the performance sound in the electronic keyboard instrument section 200 are mixed in mixers 300 and 303. The mixing ratio is determined by outputting a corresponding mixing control signal from the electronic keyboard instrument section 200 according to the operating position of the mixer knob 202a in FIG. 6 (a part of the instrument operating section 202 in FIG. 5, which will be described later). Set by.

The outputs of the mixers 300 and 303 are supplied to the CD player section 10.
A musical sound in which the reproduced sound of 0 and the performance sound of the electronic keyboard instrument section 200 are mixed is emitted from the speakers 302 and 305 via the amplifiers 301 and 304.

Next, the configuration of the CD player section 100 will be explained using the block diagram of FIG. 2.

In the same figure, CD10I is set in a part of a holder (not specifically shown) of a CD player section 100. As shown in FIG. 3, the CD operation unit 115 has a CD operation switch group 124 that performs operations such as playback, stop, -time stop, fast forward, and fast rewind, as well as a CD operation switch group 124 that performs operations such as playing, stopping, fast forwarding, and fast reversing, as in a normal CD player. It has a music selection button for selection (press this button when selecting music) and a CD selection switch group 125 consisting of a numeric keypad.

Returning to FIG. 2 again, the system control circuit 116 is, for example, a microprocessor, and the CD player section 1
00 is in overall control.

In addition, when driving CDl0I, CL V (Const
antLinear Velocity) Servo circuit 1
08, focus servo 104, feed servo 107, and tiger.

A drive control signal is output to the king servo 105.

CLVt-, the circuit 108 controls the rotation speed of the spindle motor 102 that rotationally drives CDl0L,
The linear velocity of each track on CD10L is controlled to be constant.

The focus servo 104 detects a focus error from the state of the reflected light of the laser beam, and controls and drives the objective lens in the optical pickup 103 in the optical axis direction based on the focus error. Further, the feed servo 107 moves the optical pickup 103 in the radial direction by the feed motor 106 while detecting the deviation of the laser beam from the center of the CD10I track. In addition, in response to fast movement due to disk eccentricity, etc., the tracking servo 105 provides optical pink-up 1.
03 itself follows the track.

In this way, the feed servo 107 and the tracking servo 1
05, the laser beam irradiated from the optical pickup 103 is controlled so as to be irradiated accurately on the center of the track of the CD 101.

Incidentally, a protrusion called a bit is carved on the side of the CDl0I that is irradiated with a laser beam, and a digital signal is recorded by this protrusion. Then, the optical pickup 107 detects the presence or absence of a bit based on the amount of reflected light from the irradiated laser beam, and a digital signal corresponding to the presence or absence of the bit and its length is read out, and the data is read out as a reproduced signal. Input to extraction circuit 110.

This reproduction signal is a type of pulse train, and its pulse width is 3
Since there is a change in length from to 11, when this pulse is differentiated, it becomes a discontinuous pulse train with some pulses missing. Therefore, a clock extraction PLL (P
The bit clock is extracted by converting it into a continuous pulse train using a locked loop (has Locked Loop).

Next, the frame format of a CD will be explained only in relation to this embodiment.

One frame of a CD signal is composed of 588 bits of channel bit data, and a frame synchronization signal is provided at the beginning of each frame. Also, since 6 samples (12 samples/data word) of each L and R channel are included in one frame, the time of one frame is 1/ f s
6 (sec) (f s: sampling frequency)
, this frequency is 7.35 KHz.

There are 588 bits in this, so the bit frequency to be read out is 7.35KHz x 588 = 4.321
8 MHz, and the above-mentioned 7.35 KHz is used as a clock for frame synchronization signal detection.

Next, returning to the second review, the frame synchronization circuit 111 detects a frame synchronization signal using the bit clock output from the data extraction circuit 110.

Furthermore, using the detected frame synchronization signal, 14-pin digital data (subcode, audio data, etc.) modulated by the EFM modulation method described later in each frame is demodulated by the EFM demodulation circuit 112.

Now, the logic ``1'' of each bit of digital data and the logic ``1''
0", we do not know what probability it will occur. When the optical pickup 103 in FIG. 2 detects digital data as an electrical signal from the bits on the CD 101, if either logic "1" or "0" continues for a long time, a DC component is generated, and the bit interval Information is lost. Such a state causes malfunctions in the focus servo 104 and other servo circuits that perform control operations based on the output of the optical pickup 103.

Therefore, in order to remove this DC component as much as possible,
In consecutive bits of digital data to be recorded on the CD 105, data conversion is performed so that one of logical "1" or "0" does not continue for a long time, and the data is recorded on the CD10L. This is called EFM modulation. In this manner, in order to reproduce the EFM modulated signal recorded on the CDl0I of FIG. 2, demodulation processing that is inverse to the above modulation processing is performed in the EFM demodulation circuit 112.

As described above, among the EFM demodulated data, the audio data is sent to the signal processing circuit 113, and the subcode is
The signal is input to the system control circuit 116.

This subcode is used to find the beginning of a song when selecting a song, or to display the playing time.

Now, since one frame of a CD corresponds to 6 samples, this time is 6/44100 (sec), and one 98 frames of this is the time of one subcoding frame, and the clock of this subcoding frame is 6/44100 (sec). The pulse CDCK is 6 x 98/4 as shown in Figure 8(b).
4100=1/75=13.333. ,,(ms)
becomes. In other words, there are O subcoding frames per second.
It consists of 75 frames of 0 to 74.

In the present invention, as described later, the electronic keyboard instrument section 2
The sequence control unit 203 in 00 detects the 00 frame of this sub-coding frame, and uses the generated zero frame detection signal and the above-mentioned sub-coding frame clock CDCK for synchronous recording and synchronous playback, which will be described later.

This subcoding frame is P, Q in l frame.
, R, S, ..., W are configured over 96 frames (the remaining 2 bits of the above 98 frames are
frame is for the subcode sink pattern).

Of these, the P channel is based on bit P, and is used to represent the interval between songs with 1, as shown in FIG. Also,
The Q channel is based on the bit Q, and as shown in Figure 4, the track number (song number) and "relative time data" (elapsed time from the beginning of the song) are displayed at each point during playback, fast forwarding, or fast reversing. ), and others. The second "relative time data" is expressed in minutes, seconds, and frame numbers (00 to 74), and is output from the system control circuit 116 in the CD player section 100 to the musical instrument control section 201 in the electronic keyboard instrument section 200. .

Note that when the CD player 100 is in the playback state, the above-mentioned system control circuit 116 outputs an "rCD playback state signal" to be described later to the musical instrument control section 201.

Next, returning to FIG. 2, the signal processing circuit 113 sequentially writes the input audio data to the RAMlI4, and converts the input audio data to the CT RC (Cross Interleaved
Error correction processing is performed based on a code called a Reed-5 olomon code, and de-interleaving processing is performed to restore each sample of each 16-bit digital audio data in frame units. In addition, the RAM 114 is also used as a buffer circuit for correcting the time axis that fluctuates due to motor rotation jitter and the like.

Thereafter, each sample of the 16-bit digital audio data is separated into stereo L/R by an L/R separation circuit 119.
After each is converted into an analog signal by a D/A converter 120 and 122, it is passed through a low-pass filter LPF.
121.123 is output as analog audio data.

The clock generation circuit 118 includes several frequency dividers that sequentially divide the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 117 by an integer. 88.2KHz obtained by those frequency dividers
The and 44.1KHz clocks are used for L/R separation and D/A conversion, and the 7.35KHz clock is used for CLV.
Used for servos. Furthermore, the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 117 is 1.4112 MHz, which is the same as the LS that constitutes each circuit in FIG.
Used for I clock.

In the above configuration, the CLV servo circuit 108 allows the clock pulse in the human power
It is completely locked to the clock (frequency: 7.35KHz). At this time, a clock frequency of 7.35 kHz x 588 = 4.3218 MHz is obtained at the input (2) of the frequency divider 109. This is the bit clock, which has accuracy and stability comparable to the frequency of the crystal oscillator used as a reference.

Of course, the linear velocity during playback of each trunk of CD10I is always kept constant.

In order to cause the electronic keyboard instrument section 200 to perform automatically in accordance with (synchronize with) the playback operation of the CD player section 100 described above (the automatic performance in this case is called synchronous playback), the player first By playing the keyboard 202b of the operation unit 2.degree. 2, event data (data regarding events such as note on/off and the time between each event, see FIG. 9) is recorded in the sequence memory 204.

In this case, when the timing clock used to create time data between each event described above is synchronized with, for example, the subcoding frame of the CD, which will be described later, it is called synchronous recording. First, when event data for mere normal automatic performance (in this case, called normal playback) is recorded in the sequence memory 204, it is called normal recording. Note that synchronous recording and normal recording are collectively called sequencer recording, and synchronous playback and normal playback are collectively called sequencer playback.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the instrument operation section 202 (see FIG. 5) includes a mixer knob 202a for mixing the instrument sound and the CD playback sound, a keyboard 202b, and a keyboard 202b for the recording and playback described above. It has the following operation buttons for use.

That is, as operation buttons used for "sequencer recording", there is a push button switch 202d for "normal recording", and an rC for performing synchronous recording with a CD.
There are a push button switch 202e for "D synchronous recording" and an rOFFJ button 202C for ending the above recording operation.

On the other hand, as an operation button for "sequencer playback",
Similarly, in response to the above-mentioned "sequencer recording", the push buttons 202g, 202h, and 202f for "normal playback", "rCD synchronized playback", and rOFF are pressed.
There is.

Returning to FIG. 5 again, the control section 201 includes a key press detection/sound generation assignment circuit, performs scanning at a constant cycle, and captures key press and key release information on the keyboard 202b in the musical instrument operation section 202. Furthermore, when a key is pressed, the control unit 201 assigns the pressed key to one of a plurality of sound generation assignment channels, and based on the operation information of that key, presses/releases information of that key, and sounds. Musical tone information such as pitch information, velocity information, and time information is written to the sequence memory 204, and
It is output to tone generator 205.

Based on this musical tone information, the tone generator 205
The musical tone signal generated by is then converted into an analog signal by a D/A converter 208, and then shaped by an LPF 209. In this case, if the chorus effect is selected, the chorus effect circuit 208 divides the signal into two channels (R) of musical tone signals having a pseudo-stereo effect.

Next, the above-mentioned synchronous recording, synchronous playback, normal recording, and normal playback will be sequentially explained using three embodiments related to the sequence control section 203.

(First Example of Sequence Control Unit) First, before explaining the configuration of the first example, the general operation will be described.

This first embodiment uses the above-mentioned zero frame detection signal, which is output from the subcode every second at the same time as the CD starts playing, and the sequence control section 203 in the electronic keyboard instrument section 200.
The instrument control unit 201 uses both of the clocks output every 5.208 m5 to
Clock 5 when reading the evening time and performing automatic performance operation
It is characterized by generating QCK.

1 of the clocks generated by this sequence control unit 203
The 92nd point (the first clock is 0th) corresponds to the time when approximately 1 second has passed since the first clock (to be exact, 5.208m5 x 192 = 999°936m5
), but only this 192nd clock is not used as 5QCK, but instead the clock pulse of the zero frame detection signal output exactly every second is set as 5QCK.

Then, the next clock from 1 to 191 is 5QCK again.
shall be.

Now, in order to perform synchronous recording between the CD player section 100 and the electronic keyboard instrument section 200, the performer must first perform the CCD as shown in FIG.
Using the D song selection switch group 125, the CD to be used is selected using the numeric keypad. Next, the electronic keyboard instrument section 200
"rCD synchronous recording" button 202 in the instrument operation section 202 of
Press e (see Figure 6). Then, a "synchronization repeat command" is sent from the musical instrument control section 201 to the system control circuit 116 of the CD player section 100, and playback of the CD is started.

As a result, the relative time data (see FIG. 4) by the Q channel of the sub-coding frame of the CD is sequence-controlled from the system jl11 circuit 116 of the CD player section 100 via the instrument control section 201 of the electronic keyboard instrument section 200. 203.

Here, when the performer performs a performance operation on the keyboard 202b of the electronic keyboard instrument section 200 in accordance with the playback of the CD, the above-mentioned event data (including time data) obtained from the key operation information is sequenced by the instrument control section 201. is written to memory 204. At this time, the clock 5QCK used for the automatic performance described above and the time data measured by the clock are created in the sequence control section 203 as described below.

Hereinafter, the specific operation of the first embodiment of this sequence control section 203 will be explained in detail using FIG. 7.

First, when the "rCD synchronous record" button 202e (FIG. 6) is pressed, the CD starts playing from the rise of the P channel of the subcode, that is, from the beginning of the interval between songs. The relative time detection circuit 209 in FIG. 7 detects 00 minutes 00 seconds 00 frames from the relative time data (see FIG. 4) by the Q channel of the CD subcode sent from the system control circuit 116 of the CD player section 100. Detects the zero time detection signal, and also detects the A minute B second (representing an arbitrary time) 00 frame output every second, as shown in Figure 8 (a).
The zero frame detection signal shown in (this frequency is IHz) is output. Note that, as shown in FIG. 4, the relative time detection circuit 209 does not output a zero frame detection signal between songs where time data decreases, and detects a zero frame when the relative time data becomes zero at the beginning of a song. signal and a zero time detection signal indicating the beginning of the song.

This zero time detection signal is first sent to the 5QCK counter 22.
Clear 1. Then, the zero frame detection signal is O
R gate 216, AND gate 219 (in this case, CD
During playback, the CD playback status signal output from the system control wholesale circuit 116 of the CD player section 100 and the instrument control section 201 when the "rCD synchronous record" button 202e is pressed.
The synchronization selection signals outputted from the synchronous selection signals are both at high level) and are outputted as 5QCK from the OR gate 220 (this corresponds to the clock number 0 in FIG. 8(C)).

At this point, the I MHz oscillator 211 starts oscillating. The 5208 counter 212 outputs a clock every 5208 counts (5.208 m5) of the I MHz clock, as shown in FIG. 8(C). Most of this clock, that is, 5QC shown in the same figure (C)
K clock numbers 0 to 191 are AN
D gate 215 (The output of the 191 counter 213, which will be described later, is at low level except for the 192nd count, so
AND gate 2 which is inverted by inverter 214
15 input goes high) OR gate 216, A
The OR gate 2
It is output as 20 to 5QCK.

The 191 counter 213 counts up at the falling edge of the clock, and at the 191st count, outputs a high-level signal as shown in FIG. 4(d).

This high level signal is inverted by an inverter 214,
The signal is input to AND gate 215 as a low level signal. While this high level signal is output from the 191 counter 213 (by the next zero frame detection signal,
191 counter 213 is cleared), the low level signal output from the inverter 214 is input to the AND gate 215, so the transmission of the 192nd clock by the 5208 counter 212 is prohibited, and the zero frame detection signal is sent instead. , OR gate 21 in the same manner as described above.
6, A, N Through the D gate 219, the OR gate 220
8 (C) as the sequencer clock 5QCK.
) is output as shown. These 5QCKs are counted from the beginning of the song by a 5QCK counter 221, and the counted value is used as time data when recording data in the sequence memory 204.

The above is the synchronous recording operation, and the sequencer clock 5QCK synchronized with the CD zero frame detection signal is obtained every second.

As described above, synchronous playback is performed based on the event data written in the sequence memory 204 of the electronic keyboard instrument section 200.

In synchronous playback, the user first operates the CD operation section 115.
A predetermined song is selected using the CD song selection switch group 125 (see the third section) in (Fig. 2).

Next, press the "rCD synchronous playback" button 2 on the instrument operation section 202.
When 02h is pressed, the instrument control unit 201 issues a “synchronous playback command” to the system control unit 116 of the CD player unit 100.
, and playback of the CD begins. When playback of a CD is started, the system control circuit 1 of the CD player section 100
16, the sequence control unit 203 to 5
A QCK clock is output. Based on this, performance event data (see FIG. 9) written in the sequence memory 204 is sequentially read out.

As a result, according to the event data, for example, a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the note number, a predetermined timbre, and a velocity is emitted or muted at a predetermined time defined by the time data.

Next, during synchronous playback, as shown in the time chart of FIG. 10, the operation will be described when the CD is put into a state other than playback, such as fast forwarding or single playback, and then returned to the playback state again.

First, since the CD playback status signal is at a low level in the fast-forward/single-chamber status, in this status, the AND gate 2
Since both clocks 17 and 219 are turned off, the sequencer clock 5QCK is not output.

Subsequently, when the CD returns to the playback state again, the arithmetic circuit 222 in FIG. Calculate the count value of 5QCK. For example, if the time when the playback state returns is 1 minute 23 seconds 45 frames, the next zero frame is 1 minute 24 seconds 0.
Since it is 0 frame and the 5QCK clock is 192 per second, (60+24) X192 = 16128 is calculated.

This calculated value is the clock number of 5QCK at the point at which playback of the sequencer starts.

Here, when the CD returns to the playback state, the CD playback state signal returns to high level at the zero frame timing.
Following this, a preset command is output from the musical instrument control section 201. The output value from the arithmetic circuit 222 is set as preset data in the 5QCK counter 221 in response to the preset command. This results in
From the count value based on this preset data, 5QCK is again
Counting by the clock is restarted, and automatic performance starts from the note-on corresponding to the next timing data.

Next, normal recording and normal playback will be explained.

In the case of normal recording, when the "Normal Record" button 202d (see FIG. 6) of the instrument operation section 202 is pressed, the normal start signal output from the instrument control section 201 is
The IMHz oscillator 211 is started via the OR gate 210, and the clock counted by the 5208 counter 212 is output from the AND gate 218 (in this case, the CD playback status signal and the inverter 217 output of the synchronization selection signal, which is at low level during normal playback). are both high level)
It is output as 5QCK from the OR gate 220 via.

As described above, based on the 5QCK clock created in the sequence control unit 203 regardless of synchronization with the CD,
Event data of a music piece based on a performer's performance operation is sequentially written into the sequence memory 204.

Next, in normal playback, by pressing the "normal playback" button 202g in the instrument operation section 202, a normal automatic performance based on the event data written in the sequence memory 204 is performed.

(Second Example of Sequence Control Unit) Next, a second example of the sequence control unit 203 will be described.

In this embodiment, when returning from a state other than playback, such as fast-forwarding, during synchronous playback and starting playback, the sequencer clock is set in units of 5QCK (5,208m5).
The feature is that timing synchronization can be obtained, which is significantly different from the first embodiment, in which synchronization can be obtained at the 1 second position of the zero frame detection signal. For other points, for example, the synchronization timing of synchronous reproduction is the clock pulse C of the subcoding frame.
Operations such as obtaining each DCK are the same as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the sequence control unit 203.
The circuit configuration is basically similar to that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 7, except that a correction timer 223, which will be described later, is newly added.

First, the arithmetic circuit 222 controls the CD as shown in FIG.
The time difference y between the playback start point and the sequencer playback start point is calculated as follows.

Now, the point at which the CD returns to the playing state is A minutes B seconds C
In this example, the synchronization point is every second, so the time X from the synchronization point n shown in the figure to the CD playback start point is as shown in FIG.
Time for C frame of CK (13,3333...xC
ms). And 5Q at synchronization point n
Assuming that the clock number of CK is 0 and the clock numbers are assigned sequentially, the clock number at the playback start point of the sequencer is the value obtained by adding the value 1 to the integer part of x 15.2083.

However, if C=0, this corresponds to frame 00, so the value 1 is not added. For example, if the number of frames C = 10, then x = 133.3 (ms), so 133
．． 3315.2083 = 25.6, and 26, which is obtained by adding 1 to 25 in the integer part, is the clock number of 5QCK at the playback start point of the sequencer (this is referred to as CI). And the clock number of 5QCK from the beginning of the song is (Ax60+B)x192 +26
・ ・ ・(1) becomes.

Next, the time difference between the aforementioned sequencer playback start point and the CD playback start point is determined.

As is clear from Figure 12, the time difference in this case (y in the figure) is (5,2083X26) - (13,3333X10)
=2.083m5. This can be expressed as a general formula as follows.

(SQCK cycle XCI) - (CDCK cycle x C) = time difference (y) The time point when this time difference is added to the CD playback start point is the time point of the next sequencer block 5QCK.

In this way, the time difference data y calculated by the calculation circuit 222 is used when the CD returns to the playback state from fast forwarding, etc.
When the playback status signal changes from low level to high level, it is set in the correction timer 223 as preset data by a preset command output from the musical instrument control section 201. As shown in FIG. 8, this correction timer 223 starts counting for the preset throat data in response to the CDCK output from the relative time detection circuit 209.
At the time corresponding to the above-mentioned time difference, counting of the same data is finished and at the same time, one clock is output. This clock matches the period of 5QCK newly started at synchronization point n (see Figure 12), and the OR gate 2
16, and is output as 5QCK from the OR gate 220 via the AND gate 219. At this point, automatic performance begins. At the same time, the above-mentioned clock clears the 5208 counter 212 and the 191 counter 213, respectively, and starts counting again. However, 191 count 2
After being cleared at 12, the count value to be output first, in this case the aforementioned 01, that is, the clock number of 5QCK at the start point of automatic performance, is set as preset data by a preset command output from the instrument control unit 201. Preset.

Further, the arithmetic circuit 222 presets the measured value of 5QCK (equal to the clock number from the beginning of the song) corresponding to the playback start point of the sequencer in the 5QCK counter 221 as preset data. The same data is
It is obtained by calculating, for example, as in (1) 2 above, from the 5QCK clock number from the beginning of the song corresponding to synchronization point) n and the preset data set in the 191 counter 213 described above. As a result, the 5QCK counter 221
restarts counting from the preset 5QCK measurement value.

In this way, when the CD returns to the playback state from a state other than playback, such as fast forwarding, by obtaining the above-mentioned time difference data corresponding to the playback start point of the CD, it is possible to return to the playback state much earlier than in the case of the first embodiment. Automatic performance can be started in synchronization with CD playback.

(Third Example of Sequence Control Unit) Finally, a third example of the sequence control unit will be described.

This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, but
The synchronization point during synchronous recording and synchronous playback in the first embodiment is 1.
In this embodiment, the period of the clock CDCK of the CD subcoding frame (13,
A synchronization point is obtained every 333...ms). Other points are the same as the first embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an example of a specific circuit of a sequence control unit that creates 5QCK using an internal clock and a sub-coding frame clock CDCK. Note that this figure shows only the circuit portions necessary for explanation.

In the same figure, when the playback of the CD is started, the relative time detection circuit 209 detects 7.
A sub-coding frame CDCK of 5 Hz (period: 13.333.ms) is detected and output from the OR gate 220 as 5QCK (corresponding to clock number 0 in FIG. 13). On the other hand, the IMHz oscillator 211 starts oscillating with the input of CDCK, and the 3333 counter 224 counts its output, and every 3.3333 ms (frequency is 300 Hz), the clock is sent to the 5QC from the OR gate 220.
Output as K. However, up to three output clocks of the 3333 counter 224 are output as 5QCK, but the fourth clock is output as 8QCK of the 3333 counter 224.
It is blocked by the output of the 3 counter 225 and the inverter 226, which counts the force.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, only the clock with clock number O is replaced with CDCK, and 5QCK having a cycle that is 1/4 of the cycle of CDCK is created.

In this way, 5QC that divides the CDCKI period into 4
When using K, when returning to the playback state from a state other than playback such as fast forwarding a CD, for example, if the relative time data of the CD at the time of return is X minutes y seconds Z frames, 5QC
K is from the beginning of the song ((xX60+y)X75+z)x4
It becomes the frame. Therefore, the sequencer only has to start playback from that clock, and the CD and sequencer can be played back in perfect synchronization.

In this way, the period of CDCK is 13.3333.
...The synchronization will be corrected every ms.

In this case, the frequency of 5QCK is 300t(z), so if the performance tempo is 120 quarter notes per minute,
Since the time for one diacritic note is 0.5 seconds, the resolution in this case is very high, 300XO15=150, allowing for richer musical expression.

Although this embodiment describes the case where an electronic keyboard instrument is played along with the playback of a CD player, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be used as an audio playback device such as a digital audio tape recorder (DAT). A compact cassette recorder, an LP record player, or the like may be used as an instrument, and an electronic wind instrument, an electronic string instrument, or the like may be used in addition to an electronic keyboard instrument.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, when making the sequencer perform automatic performance in accordance with the playback of audio such as a CD, the sub-coding frame clock (period 1/75) of the CD etc.
Since the timing clock for synchronizing automatic performance is synchronized at fixed time intervals (for example, 1 second or 1775 seconds), synchronization timing errors do not accumulate. Therefore, automatic performance can always be performed in correct synchronization with a CD or the like, regardless of the performance time.

In addition, in the above-mentioned synchronous performance state, for example, if the CD is fast-forwarded and then brought back to the playback state, automatic performance can be immediately resumed in synchronization with the CD.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the CD player section, FIG. 3 is a detailed diagram of the CD operation section 115, and FIG. 4 is a lead-in area. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the P and Q channels in the program area, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the electronic keyboard instrument section 200.
7 is a detailed diagram of the musical instrument operating section 202, FIG. 7 is a circuit configuration diagram of the first embodiment of the sequence control section 203, and FIG. 8 is a time chart (part 1) of the first embodiment of the sequence control section 203. ), FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the data structure of the sequence memory 204, FIG. 10 is a time chart (Part 2) of the first embodiment of the sequence control section 203, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the data structure of the sequence control section 204. 12 is a time chart of the second embodiment of the sequence control unit 203. FIG. 13 is a time chart of the third embodiment of the sequence control unit 203. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of a third embodiment of the sequence control section 203. FIG. 100...CD player section, 101...CD, 102...spindle motor, 103...optical pickup, 104...focus servo, 105...tracking servo, 106...feed motor, 107 ...Feed servo, 108...CLV servo circuit, 109...Frequency divider, 110...Data extraction circuit, 111...Frame synchronization circuit, 112...EFM demodulation circuit, 113... Signal processing circuit, 114...RAM. 115... CD operation unit, 116... System control circuit, 117... Oscillator, 118... Clock generation circuit, 119... L/R separation circuit, 120.122... D/A conversion Vessel, 121.123...LPF. 124...CD operation switch group, 125...CD selection switch group, 200...electronic keyboard instrument section, 201...control section, 202...musical instrument operation section, 202a...mixer knob, 202b ... Keyboard, 202c ... Push button switch for turning off sequencer recording, 202d ... Push button switch for normal recording of sequencer recording, 202e ... Push button switch for CD synchronized recording of sequencer recording, 202f...Push button switch for turning off sequencer playback, 202g...Push button switch for normal playback of sequencer playback, 202h...Push button switch for CD synchronized playback of sequencer playback, 203...Sequence Control unit, 204...Sequence memory, 205...Tone generator 206...D/A converter, 207...LPF. 208...Chorus effect circuit, 209...Relative time detection circuit, 210...OR gate, 211...IMHz oscillator, 212...5208 counter, 213...191 counter, 214...Inverter , 215...AND gate, 216...OR gate, 217...inverter, 218.219...AND gate, 220...
・ ・OR gate, 221...5QCK counter, 222...arithmetic circuit, 223...correction timer, 224...3333 counter, 225...3 counter, 226...inverter, 227... AND gate, 300.303...Mixer 301.304...Amplifier, 302.305...Speaker.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) When f_1 is a natural number and f_2 is a multiple of f_1, an audio reproducing means for reproducing an audio signal; a first reference clock generating means for generating a second reference clock having a frequency of f_2 hertz; causing the second reference clock generating means to start generating pulses of the second reference clock at the pulse position of the first reference clock generated from the first reference clock generating means; The reference clock is output as a sequencer clock, and the f_2/f_1 pulse of the second reference clock from that position is replaced with the pulse of the first reference clock without including the pulse at the generation start position and output as the sequencer clock. death,
A sequencer clock generating means for generating the sequencer clock by repeating the above operation using the output point as a new generation start position; An automatic performance device comprising: sequencer means for performing the following steps. 2) Based on the performance data output from the sequencer means, the instrument is automatically played in synchronization with the playback of the audio signal by the audio playback means, and in the middle of the automatic performance, the audio playback means is shifted to a state other than playback. After that,
In the case of returning to the playback state again, the audio playback means is clocked from the pulse position of the first reference clock generated from the first reference clock generation means in synchronization with the start of playback of the audio signal by the audio playback means. If the value obtained by dividing the time up to the playback return position by the period of the first reference clock does not include a decimal part, the position of the first reference clock corresponding to the value, and the first reference clock. If the value obtained by dividing by the clock cycle includes a decimal part, the position of the first reference clock corresponding to the value obtained by adding the value 1 to the integer part of the value is the starting position of the automatic performance. The automatic performance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: . 3) Based on the performance data output from the sequencer means, the instrument is automatically played in synchronization with the reproduction of the audio signal by the audio reproduction means, and during the automatic performance, the audio reproduction means is shifted to a state other than playback. After that,
When returning to the playback state again, the time x from the synchronization point position n where the pulses of the first reference clock and the second reference clock are synchronized to the playback return position c of the audio playback means is determined as the second reference. If the value obtained by dividing by the period of the clock does not include a decimal part, the clock number c1 of the second reference clock is obtained as the value, and the value obtained by dividing by the period of the second reference clock is obtained. If the value includes a decimal part, calculate the clock number c1 of the second reference clock as a value by adding the value 1 to the integer part of the value, and then calculate the clock number c1 of the second reference clock from the position n of the synchronization point. 2. The position of the start point of the automatic performance is determined by adding the time difference y between the time to the position of number c1 and the time x to the return position c of the audio reproducing means after reproduction. automatic performance device. 4) The automatic performance device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the audio reproducing means is a compact disc player. 5) The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the audio reproduction means is a digital audio tape recorder. The automatic performance device described. 6) The automatic performance device according to claim 1, wherein the first reference clock generating means generates the first reference clock based on a sub-coding frame.