JPH0431005A - Architectural wooden sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a wooden material with high level of flame retardance, anti-septic and moth-proofing properties, weatherability, water resistance, dimensional stability, mechanical strength etc., and being rich in wooden touch which is a wooden sheet for construction wherein at least a part exposed outside consists of wood and at least a part of the wood constituting the wood part is a wood contg. inside an insoluble and non-flammable inorg. substance. CONSTITUTION:As a raw material wood, there exists no special restriction and original raw logs, lumber products, sliced veneers, plywoods, WPC, particle boards, fiber boards, wood chips, wood fibers etc., are cited. An insoluble and non-flammable inorg. substance to be dispersed and fixed in the wood tissues, various salts such as borates, phosphates, hydrogen phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, hydrogen sulfates, silicates, nitrates, hydroxides can be cited. To form the insoluble and non-flammable inorg. substance in the wood tissues, the wood tissues are impregnated and penetrated separately with cation-contg. treating liq. prepd. with an inorg. compd. constituting a cationic part and an anion-contg. treating liq. prepd. with an inorg. compd. constituting an anionic part and the insoluble and non-flammable inorg. substance are formed in the wood.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to wooden boards for construction used as building materials and the like.

[Conventional technology]

Natural wood generally has the following advantages, which are features not found in other materials.

■ Easy to obtain.

■Easy to process.

■ Light and strong.

■Heat and electricity ■ Adjust humidity.

■ No condensation.

■ There is no decrease in strength due to heat.

■ It has a beautiful appearance such as color, luster, wood grain, and wood texture, and has a so-called woody feel, such as softness and warmth.

■ It is relatively inexpensive.

Therefore, wood is used in large quantities in many different fields. However, while wood has the above-mentioned advantages, it also has the following disadvantages.

[Phase] Easily attacked by bacteria and insects.

■ It expands and contracts due to moisture, which tends to cause "blackness."

@Easy to burn.

■ Difficult to obtain large area materials.

■ Performance is unstable.

@ Has anisotropy.

In order to improve the above-mentioned defects of wood, mechanical and
Chemical treatments are widely used to modify wood and combine wood with other materials. Wood-based materials obtained through such improvements include, for example, plywood, LVL
, particle board, fiberboard, wood chips/wood wool cement board, and composite materials of WPC1 wood and inorganic materials and/or metal materials.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, today, materials for building materials and the like are required to have a high degree of flame retardancy (fire retardancy), antiseptic and insect repellent properties, weather resistance and water resistance, dimensional stability, mechanical strength, and the like. On the other hand, due to the recent trend of returning to nature, there is also a demand for wood texture (appearance, texture, sound when tapped, etc.). However, although some of the drawbacks of wood have been improved in the conventional wood-based materials, overall performance has not been improved. In particular, wood-based materials that have been injected or coated with chemicals to improve their flame retardance, etc., may be exposed to water or moisture that causes the chemicals to flow out onto the surface, resulting in decreased performance and a lack of wood texture. However, there was a problem of poor weather resistance and water resistance.

In addition, wood-based materials obtained by combining wood with inorganic materials and/or metal materials to improve flame retardancy may have insufficient performance when used in applications that require a high degree of flame retardancy. There were cases where it was.

In view of the above circumstances, this invention provides highly flame retardant, antiseptic and
The object of the present invention is to provide a wood-based material that has insect repellency, weather/water resistance, dimensional stability, mechanical strength, etc., and also has a rich wood feel.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems, the wooden board for construction according to the present invention is a wooden board for construction in which at least the part that appears on the outside is made of wood, and in which a small part of the wood constituting the wood part is It is characterized by being a wood containing insoluble and nonflammable inorganic substances.

The wooden board for construction according to the present invention is not limited in size, thickness, or shape as long as it is plate-shaped. Further, the form thereof is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include plywood, LVL (
parallel plywood), laminated wood, I-beam structural material, composite material of wood and inorganic board, composite material of wood and metal board, particle board, fiberboard, wood chip/wood wool cement board, WPC
etc. can be mentioned. However, it is necessary that at least the part that is visible on the outside is made of wood.

Further, at least a part of the wood constituting the wood portion must contain an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside.

There are no particular limitations on the forming method or laminating method when manufacturing the architectural wooden board according to the present invention.
It is selected as appropriate depending on the product usage, etc.

For example, in the case of a laminated material, such as plywood, there is no limitation on the number of veneers. Further, only one of the constituent veneers may be made of wood containing an insoluble, non-combustible inorganic substance therein, or all of the constituent veneers may be made of modified wood. When a part of the constituent veneer is made of wood containing an insoluble, non-combustible inorganic substance inside, the wood veneer can occupy any layer of the surface material and core material of the plywood. Other veneers may be untreated wood, commercially available WPC, flame retardant wood, etc. As the adhesive, it is preferable to use phenol and phenol-based adhesives, but the adhesive can be selected depending on the application and is not limited.

The same applies to laminated materials and molding materials other than the above-mentioned plywood.

The use of the wooden board for construction according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include beam structural materials and the like.

The method for producing the wood containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance therein used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but, for example, the following method is preferred.

There are no particular limitations on the raw material wood. For example, raw wood logs, sawn lumber products, sliced veneer, plywood, WPC, particle board, fiberboard, wood chips, wood fibers, etc. are listed, and they are selected as appropriate depending on the size, thickness, etc. when used. be done. There are no limitations on these tree species.

Insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substances (insoluble products) that are generated in wood and dispersed and fixed in the wood tissue are not particularly limited, but include, for example, borates, phosphates, hydrogen phosphates, carbonates, Examples include various salts such as sulfates, hydrogen sulfates, silicates, nitrates, and hydroxides. Of these salts,
For example, specific examples of carbonates include Ba, CO
x, CaCot, FeCot, MgCO3, MnC
ot, N i Cow, Z n Cot, etc. Two or more of these may coexist in the wood.

The insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance within the wood may be fixed in the form of a reaction with wood cellulose.

Note that one type of insoluble nonflammable inorganic substance may contain two or more types of each of the cation and/or anion moieties described below.

In order to generate the above-mentioned insoluble non-combustible inorganic substance in the wood tissue, an aqueous solution prepared with a group of inorganic compounds constituting the cationic part of the insoluble non-combustible inorganic substance, that is, a cation-containing treatment liquid, and an anionic part. An aqueous solution prepared with another group of inorganic compounds, that is, an anion-containing treatment solution, is separately and sequentially impregnated into the wood structure. The cation-containing treatment liquid and the anion-containing treatment liquid can be impregnated alternately once or multiple times. When impregnating multiple times, the impregnation may be performed not alternately but continuously.

The cation moiety of the insoluble nonflammable inorganic substance includes, for example, alkali metals such as Na and C;
Alkaline earth metals such as a, Ba, Mg, Sr, Mn,
Transition elements such as Ni and Cd, carbon group elements such as Si and Pb,
Examples include Zn and AI. Among these, CB
, Ba, Mg, Zn and AN cations are preferred.

The anion portion of the insoluble nonflammable inorganic substance includes, for example, O, SiO, SiO3, B4O.
9, SO8, PO4, CO! ,S04,NO3,C1,
, Br, F, ■, and ○H. Among these, B◯, , PO4, COI, SO4 and ◯H anions are preferred. Also, among the anions, B, O
, B○, and PO4 have a flame retardant effect due to the mechanism of promoting carbonization, co is a flame retardant effect due to the mechanism of generation of nonflammable gas, and halogens such as Cl, F, and Br have a flame retardant effect in flaming combustion. Flame retardant effects can be expected due to the mechanisms of inhibition of chain reactions and generation of nonflammable gas.

The above cations and anions are arbitrarily selected depending on the composition of the desired insoluble nonflammable inorganic substance to be produced in the wood, and by separately dissolving the water-soluble inorganic substance containing each of these ions in water, A cation-containing treatment liquid containing desired cations and an anion-containing treatment liquid containing desired anions are prepared. However, the combination of the cation and anion is appropriately selected so that an insoluble incombustible inorganic substance is likely to be generated within the wood structure.

Examples of inorganic substances that dissolve in water to produce the desired cations include MgC1, MgBrt, Mg504-H,0
1Mg (No. 2 ・6 H20, CaClz,
CaBrz, Ca(Not)t, BaCl! −
2H, 0, Ba Br, , Ba (Now)z
, AI Clx , A I B rx , Aj! t(
So-)t, A e (No, ), -98,○,Z
Examples include, but are not limited to, nC1, etc. Examples of inorganic substances that dissolve in water to produce the desired anion include Na 2 COx, (N)
(-)-Cow, H2504, Naz So4, (NH
, )2S○4, H, PO4, Na, HPO4, (NH4
), HPOa, H! BOX, NaBOz, NH
Examples include 4Bor, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Each of the above water-soluble inorganic substances may be used alone, or a plurality of types may be used in combination in one treatment liquid within the range where a uniform aqueous solution can be formed without reacting with each other.

The inorganic substance impregnation treatment of the raw material wood using the above-mentioned cation-containing treatment liquid and anion-containing treatment liquid is performed, for example, as follows.

First, one of the two treatment liquids (the first liquid) is impregnated into the wood by immersing the raw material wood in the same treatment liquid. After impregnating with the first liquid, a treatment liquid (second liquid) containing ions of a partner that reacts with the first liquid is similarly impregnated to generate insoluble and nonflammable inorganic substances inside the wood.

Next, after the two liquids, the anion-containing treatment liquid and the cation-containing treatment liquid, are impregnated as described above, the third liquid, the fourth liquid, etc. are further applied as necessary.

etc. may be prepared and impregnated repeatedly to densify the product layer. The cation/anion-containing treatment liquids used at this time may be of the same type or different types, and their concentrations are not particularly limited.

The impregnation treatment method, impregnation treatment time, etc. of each liquid are not particularly stipulated by the government, and impregnation can be carried out under reduced pressure or by coating.

In addition, prior to the impregnation treatment with the first liquid, it is recommended that the raw material wood be subjected to a water saturation treatment so that the wood is sufficiently saturated with water. This is because the ions contained in the first liquid can be rapidly diffused using the water in the wood as a medium, and the processing time can be shortened. The water saturation treatment method is not particularly limited, but may be carried out by submerged wood storage, steaming, impregnation under reduced pressure, impregnation under pressure, or the like. In addition, the first
When the liquid is impregnated under reduced pressure, it is not necessarily necessary to carry out this water saturation treatment.

After the impregnation treatment, curing can be performed as necessary to promote the production reaction of insoluble and nonflammable inorganic substances.

After the insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance is generated and fixed in the wood by the above impregnation treatment, the surface of the wood is washed with water, if necessary, and dried to obtain inorganic treated wood.

Through each of the above treatments, it is possible to efficiently obtain inorganic-treated wood that is highly superior in antiseptic and insect repellent properties, dimensional stability, etc., and has flame retardancy. The obtained inorganically treated wood has an inorganic substance impregnated and fixed inside the wood, so the wood texture is not impaired, and the wood has excellent appearance as well as the above-mentioned performance.

[For production]

By using wood for at least the parts that appear on the outside, the wood texture will be richer. In addition, at least a part of the wood constituting the wood part contains an insoluble, noncombustible inorganic substance that has high flame retardancy, antiseptic/insect resistance, weather resistance/water resistance, dimensional stability, mechanical strength, etc. If wood is used, wooden boards for construction will have advanced flame retardancy, antiseptic and insect repellent properties, and
It becomes possible to impart weather resistance, water resistance, dimensional stability, mechanical strength, etc.

The reason why wood containing insoluble, noncombustible inorganic substances inside has high flame retardancy, antiseptic and insect repellent properties, weather resistance and water resistance, dimensional stability, and mechanical strength is thought to be due to the following reasons. It will be done.

Wood that contains an insoluble, non-flammable inorganic substance has a high degree of flame retardancy due to the non-combustible inorganic substance being composited with the wood (coating with an inorganic substance). In addition, depending on the type of inorganic substance, ■ Forms a carbonized layer during flaming combustion and acts as a heat insulating layer (phosphoric acid, boric acid, etc.); ■ Radical oxidation reaction during flaming combustion (one-chain reaction) reaction)
(halogens, etc.), ■ Generating nonflammable gases through thermal decomposition (carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen halides, etc.; through thermal decomposition of carbonates, ammonium salts, etc.). It is possible to make the layer flame retardant.

Furthermore, this inorganic-treated wood has the following characteristics because the voids such as conduits inside the wood, the internal cavities, and the wood cell walls are filled with insoluble, nonflammable, hard inorganic substances. Firstly, there are no voids allowing water to enter the wood? +'lz
water resistance is improved. Second, the interior of the wood cell walls is occupied by the filler material, creating a bulk effect, which makes it difficult for the wood itself to expand or contract. As a result, dimensional stability is improved and various mechanical strengths are also excellent. Thirdly, the wood cells are reinforced, which increases the surface hardness, among other things. Fourth, the insoluble, non-combustible inorganic substances that fill the internal cavities of the wood do not serve as nutrients for fungi and organisms, so this prevents fungi and organisms from entering the wood and improves its antiseptic and insect repellent properties. let

Here, once the insoluble nonflammable inorganic substance is fixed in the wood structure, it will not be dissolved out of the wood by water or moisture, so the above effect may be reduced or the wood texture may be lost. You don't have to worry about getting lost. That is, the wood containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside has excellent weather resistance and water resistance.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on drawings showing examples, but the invention is not limited to the following examples. In addition, in the drawings representing the following examples, the thickness of each architectural wooden board is enlarged, and the width is shown compressed. In addition, in the following, the numbers attached to the dimension lines on the left side of the figures represent the thickness.

FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment. As shown in the figure, this wooden board 1 for construction consists of five veneers 11.1111.11.1
This is a plywood made by laminating and bonding the wood fibers of adjacent veneers so that the directions of the wood fibers are orthogonal to each other. Each of the veneers 11 is a wood veneer containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside.

This wooden board 1 for construction has improved flame retardancy, mechanical strength, etc. compared to plywood in which all the veneers are made of untreated wood.

FIG. 2 represents a second embodiment. As shown in the figure, this wooden board 2 for construction consists of five veneers 21.2121.22.2
This is an LVL made by sequentially laminating and bonding 1 to 1 so that the directions of the wood fibers of all the veneers are parallel. Among laminated veneers,
Each of the veneers 21 is a veneer of wood containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance therein, and the veneer 22 is a veneer of untreated wood.

Similar to the first embodiment, this architectural wood board 2 has improved flame retardancy, mechanical strength, etc. compared to plywood in which all the veneers are made of untreated wood. .

FIG. 3 represents a third embodiment. As shown in the figure, this architectural wooden board 3 is made by laminating and bonding three veneers 31, 3131 so that the directions of the wood fibers of the adjacent veneers are orthogonal to each other, and then laminating and bonding a gypsum hoop 133. It is a composite material of wood and inorganic materials. Each of the veneers 31 is a wood veneer containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside. Since this architectural wooden board 3 is made of a composite of inorganic materials, it has even better flame retardancy and has a woody feel.

FIG. 4 represents a fourth embodiment. As shown in the figure, this wooden board 4 for construction is made by laminating and bonding three veneers 41.4141 so that the directions of the wood fibers of all the veneers are parallel.
Furthermore, it is a composite material of wood and metal material made by laminating and bonding metal plates 43. Each of the veneers 41 is a wood veneer containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside. This wooden board for construction 4
Because it is a composite of metal materials, it has even better flame retardancy, mechanical strength, etc., and has a wood-like feel.

FIG. 5 represents a fifth embodiment. As shown in the figure, this wooden board 5 for construction consists of two veneers 51, 51 laminated and bonded with aluminum foil 53 sandwiched between them, and three veneers 52, 52, 52. It is a composite material of wood and metal that is made by laminating and bonding. Each veneer is laminated so that the directions of the wood fibers of adjacent veneers are orthogonal to each other. Veneer 5] is
All of the veneers are wood veneers containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside, and the veneers 52 are all untreated wood veneers.

Since this wooden board 5 for construction is made of composite metal materials,
It has even better flame retardancy, mechanical strength, etc., and has a woody feel.More specific examples of the present invention will be described below along with comparative examples.

Example 1 A 3mmmm-tally veneer made of agathis wood was subjected to a water saturation treatment, and then (NH4)=HPO, (3.5mol
/Wed 11) and Hs Bow (411o1/Wed 11)
The sample was immersed for 24 hours in a first bath consisting of a 60°C aqueous solution containing . Next, B a Clx (2+nol/water 11)
and Hs BO (2 +++ ol/water 11) in a second bath consisting of an aqueous solution at 60° C. for 24 hours. Thereafter, a hot air drying process was performed to obtain a wood veneer 11 containing an insoluble and nonflammable inorganic substance inside.

Five of these veneers were laminated and adhered with a phenolic adhesive (manufactured by Konishi Bond ■, KR-15Y) to produce plywood 1.

Example 2 - Four wood veneers 21 containing an insoluble non-combustible inorganic substance inside and one untreated wood veneer 22 obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 1. LVL 2 was obtained by laminating and adhering using an adhesive.

Example 3 - Three wood veneers 31 containing insoluble and nonflammable inorganic materials inside and one plaster board 33 obtained in the same manner as in Example 1
are laminated and bonded using the same adhesive as in Example 1,
Composite material 3 of wood and inorganic materials was obtained.

Example 4 Three wood veneers 41 containing an insoluble non-combustible inorganic substance inside and one metal plate 43 obtained in the same manner as in Example 1,
They were laminated and bonded using the same adhesive as in Example 1 to obtain a composite material 4 of wood and metal.

Example 5 Two wood veneers 51 containing insoluble and nonflammable inorganic substances inside were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Three untreated wood veneers 52 and one aluminum foil 53 were added. The composite material 5 of wood and metal material was obtained by laminating and adhering using the same adhesive as in Example 1.

Example 6 A piece of wood containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside the wood obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was cut into pieces, molded and hot-pressed using a urea resin adhesive to obtain a particle board. This particle board was lightweight despite containing insoluble and nonflammable inorganic materials.

Example 7 - A cut wood piece of Agatis was subjected to the same inorganic impregnation treatment as in Example 1 to obtain a wood piece containing an insoluble incombustible inorganic substance inside. This section was molded and hot pressed in the same manner as in Example 6 to obtain a particle board. This particle board was lightweight despite containing insoluble non-combustible inorganic materials. In Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, instead of the wood veneer containing insoluble non-combustible inorganic materials inside, it was made entirely of untreated wood. Plywood was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that veneer was used.

Comparative Example 2 - A particle board was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that untreated wood was used instead of the wood containing an insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside.

The wooden boards for construction obtained in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were examined for wood texture and flame retardancy. The wood texture is
Items with a rich wood texture were rated ◎, items with a wood texture were rated ○, and items with no wood texture were rated ×. Flame retardancy is JIS A
A flame retardant test was conducted in accordance with 1321, and those corresponding to flame retardant class ■ are ◎, those corresponding to flame retardant class ■ to ■ class are ○, if
Those corresponding to the flame retardant class ■ were evaluated as △, and those equivalent to the flame retardant class ■ were evaluated as ×. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 As shown in Table 1, the wooden boards for construction according to the examples are as follows:
It can be seen that it has a woody feel and is superior in flame retardancy compared to the wooden board for construction according to the comparative example.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The wooden board for construction according to the present invention has high flame retardancy (fire retardancy), antiseptic and insect repellent properties, weather resistance and water resistance, dimensional stability, mechanical strength, etc., and has a wood texture, so it can be used as a building material. It is an excellent wood-based material that is ideal for use as a material.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 are side sectional views showing embodiments of the invention, respectively. 1.2.3.4.5... Wooden board for construction 11.21.
31.41.51... Agent for wood veneer containing insoluble, non-combustible inorganic substances Patent attorney Takehiko Matsumoto + mml Figure Figure 5 Figure 2 Procedural amendment (dated August 27, 1990) Patent Application No. 02 No. 139371 2゜Name of the invention 3゜Relationship with the amended case

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A wooden board for construction in which at least the portion that appears on the outside is made of wood, and at least a part of the wood constituting the wood portion is wood that contains an insoluble, noncombustible inorganic substance inside. Characteristic wooden boards for construction. 2 Wood containing an insoluble non-flammable inorganic substance inside is impregnated with one of the combinations of a cation-containing treatment liquid and an anion-containing treatment liquid that produce an insoluble non-flammable inorganic substance when mixed into the raw material wood, and then impregnating the other. The wooden board for construction according to claim 1, which is obtained by producing and fixing the insoluble, nonflammable inorganic substance inside the raw material wood.