JPH04316948A - Air-conditioning control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform accurate control of a PMV. CONSTITUTION:A value clo, a value met, and a set value by a PMV are inputted to a reverse PMV computing part 11 through a controller 10. The reverse PMV computing part 11 performs reverse PMV computation to determine a set value NT*SP of an environment temperature by means of which a temperature Ta, a radiant temperature Tr, an air flow Vair, and humidity H are represented as one index. Meanwhile, and MT*PV computing part 14-2 determines a measurement MT*PV of an environment temperature based on a temperature TarPV (a temperature TaPV and a radiant temperature TrPV) for measurement, an air flow VairPV, and humidity HPV. An equievironment temperature control part 14 performs control of air-conditioning so that MT*PV coincides with MT*SP.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to thermal environment indexes, such as mean thermal sensation PMV (Predicted Mean V
The present invention relates to an air conditioning control method that makes the indoor environment comfortable by controlling the air pressure so as to approach the target value.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of air conditioning control method, a temperature setting value for setting the PMV as a target value is calculated from the state quantity of the PMV, and the indoor temperature is controlled to match this temperature setting value. Air conditioning control methods are known. Figure 4
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the conventional air conditioning control method described above. In this example, the claw value cl, which indicates the thermal resistance of the garment, is
PMV calculation unit 1 calculates the actual values of o, met value met indicating the amount of activity, airflow Vair, radiant temperature Tr, temperature Ta, and humidity H.
The PMV state quantity (measured value) PMVpv is calculated from these six parameters, and this PMVpv is provided to the temperature conversion section 2. A target value of PMV is given to the temperature converter 2 in advance as a set value PMVsp. The temperature converter 2 calculates a temperature Tasp for setting the measured value PMVpv to the set value PMVsp, and provides it to the PID unit 3. This results in
The PID section 3 performs a PID calculation to set the measured temperature Tapv as the set temperature Tasp, and controls the cold/hot water valve 4 based on the calculation output.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, according to such a conventional air conditioning control method, even if the temperature converter 2 attempts to convert a dimensionless index into degrees Celsius to perform temperature control,
In the conversion process, unknown gain adjustments, schedule settings, etc. must be performed, resulting in a problem that operations such as the start-up of PMV control tend to become unstable. Further, in PMV, the claw value and the met value need to be changed depending on the season, so there is a problem that the schedule and the like need to be reset. Furthermore, for each site (process), its schedule, that is, PMV
Since the relationship between the state quantity and the temperature set value is different, it is extremely difficult to adjust this schedule on site. For example, when calculating the temperature setting value from the PMV value, the PI
When calculation is performed using the module D, the relationship between the PMV value and the temperature set value varies greatly due to changes in parameters other than temperature, especially the claw value. In the final control, the target PMV value is approached by the integral operation in PID control, but at the time of startup, the control starts from a temperature set value that is far away, and it may take a long time until it approaches the target value. Further, when controlling the air conditioner by determining the supply air temperature setting value from the PMV value, the relationship between the PMV value and the supply air temperature differs depending on the load pattern of each on-site process. Therefore, stable control can be achieved by scheduling the relationship between room temperature and supply air temperature appropriately, controlling only proportional operation at startup, and shifting to proportional-integral operation control when approaching the set value. However, if the room temperature is replaced by the PMV value, the relationship between the PMV value and the supply air temperature is unknown, making scheduling impossible, and the relationship between the PMV value and the supply air temperature changes significantly due to changes in the claw value. There was a problem with this.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been proposed to solve such problems, and the first invention (invention according to claim 1) is based on the clo value clo and the met value me.
t and each setting value of a thermal environment index, for example, PMV, is input and an inverse thermal environment index calculation is performed to obtain an equal environmental temperature setting value MT*sp that represents temperature Ta, radiant temperature Tr, airflow Vair, and humidity H as one index. On the other hand, the temperature Ta,
Based on the actual values of radiant temperature Tr, airflow Vair, and humidity H, find the measured value MT*pv of the equal environmental temperature, and add M to MT*sp.
The air conditioning is controlled to match T*pv. Further, the second invention (invention according to claim 2) provides a temperature Ta , radiant temperature Tr, and airflow Vair as one index set value T
While finding avrsp, find the equivalent temperature measurement value Tavrpv with the necessary sensor, and add Tavrp to Tavrsp.
The air conditioning is controlled so as to match v. Moreover, the third invention (invention according to claim 3) is:
Using the set values of clo value clo, met value met, air flow Vair, humidity H, and thermal environment index such as PMV as input, reverse thermal environment index calculation is performed to calculate the operating temperature, which expresses temperature Ta and radiation temperature Tr as one index. Setting value Tars
While determining p, the measured value T of the operating temperature with the necessary sensor is
The arpv is determined, and the air conditioning is controlled so that the tarpv matches the tarsp.

[0005]

[Operation] Therefore, according to the first invention, the set value MT*sp of the iso-environmental temperature is determined by performing inverse thermal environment index calculation, and the measured value of the iso-environmental temperature is added to this set value MT*sp. Air conditioning control is performed so that MT*pv matches. Further, in the second aspect of the invention, an inverse thermal environment index calculation is performed to determine an equivalent temperature set value Tavrsp, and air conditioning control is performed so that the equivalent temperature measured value Tavrpv matches this set value Tavrsp. In addition, in the third invention, reverse thermal environment index calculation is performed to set the operating temperature T.
arsp is determined, and air conditioning control is performed so that the measured value Tarpv of the operating temperature matches this set value Tarsp.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The air conditioning control method according to the present invention will be explained in detail below. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an air conditioning control system to which this air conditioning control method is applied. In the figure, 10 is a controller, 11 is an inverse PMV calculation unit, and 1
Reference numeral 2 designates an action temperature control section, 13 an equivalent temperature control section, and 14 an equal environmental temperature control section. The working temperature control section 12, the equivalent temperature control section 13, and the equivalent environmental temperature control section 14 control the working temperature Tar and the equivalent temperature T in the independent chambers 15, 16, and 17, respectively.
avr, etc. to control the environmental temperature MT*. These controls will be described later.

The controller 10 has claw values clo,
Each set value of the met value met and PMV and a tolerance value (PMV tolerance value) for the set PMV value are given. P
The allowable value of MV determines the setting range when performing fine adjustment. In other words, the range ΔT in which fine adjustment can be made is PM
ΔTar, ΔTavr calculated from V tolerance value ΔPMV
, ΔMT*. On the other hand, in the chamber 15 there is a fine adjuster 15-1.
, a humidity sensor 15-2, and an operating temperature sensor 15-3 are arranged, and the chamber 16 is equipped with a fine adjuster 16-1 and a humidity sensor 16-3.
2. An equivalent temperature sensor 16-3 is arranged. Room 17
In addition to the fine adjuster 17-1 and the humidity sensor 17-2, the block 17-3 includes a temperature sensor, a radiant temperature sensor, an airflow sensor, or an operating temperature sensor, an airflow sensor,
Alternatively, an equivalent temperature sensor is arranged. The working temperature sensor measures the working temperature Tar, which is expressed by using the indoor temperature Ta and the radiation temperature Tr as indicators. The equivalent temperature sensor measures an equivalent temperature Tavr that represents the indoor temperature Ta, the radiant temperature Tr, and the airflow Vair as one index. In addition,
In the above, the set value of PMV is set as a target value, and includes the claw value clo, the met value met, and the temperature T.
As mentioned above, it is expressed by six parameters: a, radiant temperature Tr, airflow Vair, and humidity H. Humidity in the action temperature control and equivalent temperature control can be set not only as an actual value measured by a sensor. Furthermore, since PMV is calculated using absolute humidity rather than relative humidity, if relative humidity is not known, temperature is required.

FIG. 1(a) is a block diagram showing an excerpt of the operating temperature control situation in the chamber 15. However, although not mentioned in the explanation of FIG. 2, in this case, the inverse PMV calculation unit 1
1, the calculated value or fixed value (for example, 0.15 m/s (summer)) of the measured humidity Hpv from the humidity sensor 15-2 and the airflow Vair in the room 15 is calculated from the humidity H and the airflow Vair.
It is given as a setting value of air.

Next, the mechanism of operating temperature control in FIG. 1(a) will be explained. In Fig. 1(a), the reverse PM
The V calculation unit 11 receives the claw value cl from the controller 10.
The set values of o, met value met, and PMV are input, and these are combined with the set values of humidity H and airflow Vair, and inverse PMV calculation is performed using the following formula (1) to obtain an action that matches the set value of PMV. Find the temperature set value Tarsp. Tars
After determining p, perform the inverse calculation of Tarsp at the PMV tolerance value, for example, the boundary value of ±0.5, and calculate this PMV.
The Tarsp tolerance value corresponding to the tolerance value is determined and advised to the operator. The set working temperature Tarsp obtained in this way is given to the working temperature control section 12,
Measured value Tar of the working temperature by the working temperature sensor 15-3
compared to pv. Tarpv may be calculated from the following equation (4). Then, the operating temperature control section 12 controls the set value T
PI so that the measured value Tarpv matches arsp.
The air conditioner 15-4 is controlled via the D calculation unit 12-1, and as a result, the PMV in the room 15 is adjusted to the target value. It is also possible to save energy by setting a Tarsp width of, for example, ±0.5 with respect to the value of PMV=0, and not opening the valve within this range.

0010

[Math 1]

Set value Tar for control based on operating temperature Tar
sp and its allowable value are given by the above equation (1). Ta is measured by a temperature sensor, Claw value and Met value are given by setting, and humidity and airflow may be measured or set.

0012

[Math 2]

[0013] If you feel hot or cold in the room 15 even though the PMV has been adjusted to the target value, by adjusting the set operating temperature Tarsp with the fine adjuster 15-1, By changing the setting value of PMV, it is possible to obtain a comfortable environment depending on the situation.

FIG. 1(b) is a block diagram showing an excerpt of the equivalent temperature control situation in the chamber 16. However, although not mentioned in the explanation of FIG. 2, in this case, the inverse PMV calculation unit 1
1, the measured humidity Hpv from the humidity sensor 16-2 is given as the humidity H setting value. The humidity H may be given as a simple set value instead of a measured value.

Next, the mechanism of equivalent temperature control shown in FIG. 1(b) will be explained. In Fig. 1(b), the inverse PM
The V calculation unit 11 receives the claw value cl from the controller 10.
o, met value met, and PMV as input, combine these with the humidity H setting value, perform inverse PMV calculation, and calculate P
An equivalent temperature setting value Tavrsp that matches the MV setting value is determined by the following equation (2). After Tavrsp is determined, Tavrsp is inversely calculated at a PMV tolerance value, for example, a boundary value of ±0.5, and the Tavrsp tolerance value corresponding to this PMV tolerance value is determined and advised to the operator. The set equivalent temperature Ta obtained in this way
vrsp is given to the equivalent temperature control unit 13 and compared with the equivalent temperature measurement value Tavrpv by the equivalent temperature sensor 16-3. Tavrpv may be calculated from the following equation (5). Then, the equivalent temperature control section 13 controls the set value Tav
PI so that the measured value Tavrpv matches rsp.
The air conditioner 16-4 is controlled via the D calculation unit 13-1, and as a result, the PMV in the room 16 is adjusted to the target value. Also, for the value of PMV=0, for example, the width of Tavrsp is set in a width of ±0.5, and within this range,
Energy saving can also be achieved by not opening the valve.

[0016]

[Math 3]

Set value Ta for control based on equivalent temperature Tavr
vrsp and its allowable value are given by the above equation (2). The sensor related to the applicant's earlier application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2-256723
If such a sensor is not used, the total value of Ta, Tr, and Vair can be measured using the above equation (2). The Claw value and Met value are given by setting, and the humidity may be measured or set.

[0018]

[Math 4]

FIG. 1(c) is a block diagram showing an excerpt of the constant environmental temperature control situation in the chamber 17. However, although not mentioned in the explanation with reference to FIG. 2, in this case, the inverse PMV calculation unit 11 is given standard values (virtual values) of the airflow Vair, the radiant temperature Tr, and the humidity H. Further, standard values (virtual values) of the airflow Vair, the radiant temperature Tr, and the humidity H are also given to the equal environmental temperature control unit 14. Also, Figure 1(c)
In the example shown in FIG. 2, the operating temperature sensor and the airflow sensor are located within block 17-3 of FIG.

Next, the mechanism of equal environmental temperature control shown in FIG. 1(c) will be explained. In Fig. 1(c), the inverse PM
The V calculation unit 11 receives the claw value cl from the controller 10.
Using the set values of o, met value met, and PMV as input, inverse PMV calculation is performed, and the set value MT*sp of the environmental temperature that meets the set value of PMV is determined from the following equation (3). Here, the constant environmental temperature MT* is expressed by temperature Ta, radiant temperature Tr, airflow Vair, and humidity H as one index, and in this example, it is assumed to correspond to temperature Tasp under standard environmental conditions. It has gained. That is, the standard values of the airflow Vair, the radiant temperature Tr, and the humidity H are combined with the set values of the clo value clo and the met value met, and an inverse PMV calculation is performed to obtain a temperature Ta that matches the PMV set value. This temperature Ta
is set as the set value MT*sp of the constant environmental temperature. MT*s
After determining p, perform the inverse calculation of MT*sp at a PMV tolerance value, for example, a boundary value of ±0.5, and calculate this PMV.
The permissible value of MT*sp corresponding to the permissible value is determined and advised to the operator. The set constant environmental temperature MT*sp obtained in this way is given to the constant environmental temperature control section 14 and compared with the measured value MT*pv of the constant environmental temperature. MT
*pv is calculated from the following equation (6). Then, the equal environmental temperature control unit 14 sets the set value MT*sp to the measured value MT*p.
The air conditioner 17-4 is controlled via the PID calculation unit 14-1 so that P in the room 17 matches
Adjust MV to target value. Furthermore, it is also possible to save energy by setting a width of MT*sp within, for example, ±0.5 with respect to the value of PMV=0, and not opening the valve within this range.

[0021]

[Math 5]

In the case of equal environmental temperature MT*, the above equation (3
) gives MT*sp. As in the case of equation (2), various sensors may be used.

[0023]

[Math 6]

Equation (6) shows the case where a sensor for measuring Tar is used.

[0025] Here, to explain the above-mentioned measured value MT*pv, this MT*pv is obtained by the MT*pv calculation unit 14-2 by performing the following calculation. That is, the MT*pv calculation unit 14-2 performs the block 17-
The measured working temperature T from the working temperature sensor located within 3
Measured airflow Vairpv from arpv and airflow sensor
, and the measured humidity Hpv from the humidity sensor 17-2 are input, that is, substantially the temperature Ta, the radiant temperature Tr,
Input the actual values of airflow Vair and humidity H, and calculate PM along with the actual values of clo value clo and met value met.
The human heat load, which is an intermediate parameter for calculating the V value, is calculated. Then, calculate the temperature Ta under standard environmental conditions that is equivalent to the heat load, and convert this Ta into MT*pv
shall be. That is, the standard values of airflow Vair, radiant temperature Tr, and humidity H are combined with the set values of clo value clo and met value met, and an inverse PMV calculation is performed to obtain the above calculated P.
A temperature Ta that matches the MV value is obtained, and this temperature Ta is set as the measured value MT*pv of the equal environmental temperature.

In such constant environmental temperature control, if the clo value and the met value do not change, the constant environmental temperature set value MT*
Since sp does not move minutely, the control situation becomes stable and the control itself becomes easier. In other words, in the operating temperature control shown in Fig. 1(a) and the equivalent temperature control shown in Fig. 1(b), the set operating temperature Tarsp and the set equivalent temperature Tavrsp fluctuate due to changes in humidity and wind speed, so the control situation may become unstable and the control itself may become complicated. However, if the changes in humidity and wind speed are not large or minute, stable control is possible with effective temperature control or equivalent temperature control.

[0027] Conventionally used MT (Modify)
ed Temperature) is different from MT*,
Even the Claw value and Met value are converted into standard conditions, so if they are used for control as they are, the settings for summer and winter will be the same. The conventional operation for setting values was to take into account the claw value, etc., and set it as low in winter and high in summer. Therefore, if MT is used as is, the result will not change, but the operation will feel strange. Therefore, by using MT*, it is possible to realize the conventional operation feeling as is.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the equal environmental temperature control situation; in this case, the MT*pv calculation unit 1
4-2' is provided with the measured equivalent temperature Tavrpv from the equivalent temperature sensor arranged in the block 16-3 and the measured humidity Hpv from the humidity sensor 17-2. In this case, the MT*pv calculation unit 14-2' substantially receives the actual values of the temperature Ta, the radiant temperature Tr, the airflow Vair, and the humidity H, and calculates the claw value clo and the met value me.
Together with each actual value of t, calculate the current PMV value. Then, in the same process as the MT*pv calculation unit 14-2 shown in FIG. 1(c), the measured value MT*pv of the constant environmental temperature is determined.

Note that equal environmental temperature control is shown in FIG.
) and the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the temperature Ta, the radiation temperature Tr, and the airflow Vair may be measured independently, and these may be provided to the MT*pv calculation section.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, a simplified formula is used to calculate the PMV. That is, PMV calculation includes branching and repeated calculations, which requires programming effort and calculation time. On the other hand, the PMV value is based on human subjectivity and does not require much accuracy. Therefore, in this embodiment, calculations are simplified within the required precision. That is, in order to derive the calculation (inverse PMV calculation) formula for calculating the operating temperature etc. from the PMV value,
Expansion is facilitated by linearizing the PMV calculation. When simplifying, the following basic policies are adopted. ■Respiratory sensible heat fraction (Hres) is a function of metabolic rate only. ■Saturated water vapor pressure (PS) is a linear function of temperature. ■Linearize the radiation. ■ Eliminate branching. The various indicators described above, such as the equivalent environmental temperature MT*, the equivalent temperature Tavr, and the action temperature Tar, can in principle be calculated from the measured values from the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, radiation sensor, and airflow sensor. These indicators are determined by their respective definitions, but in reality there may be cases where it is not possible to install all sensors in a room, etc., and in that case, they may be used as the necessary setting values, or they may be used as comprehensive It is also possible to use various approximate expressions using data from sensors.

[0031]

As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, in the first invention, the set value MT*sp of the constant environmental temperature is determined by performing inverse thermal environment index calculation, and this set value MT Air conditioning control is performed so that the measured value MT*pv of the equivalent environmental temperature matches *sp, and in the second invention, inverse thermal environment index calculation is performed to determine the set value T of the equivalent temperature.
avrsp is determined, and air conditioning control is performed so that the measured value Tavrpv of the equivalent temperature matches this set value Tavrsp, and in the third invention, inverse thermal environment index calculation is performed to determine the set value Tarsp of the operating temperature. , air conditioning control is performed so that the measured value Tarpv of the operating temperature matches this set value Tarsp. In contrast to the conventional method of controlling temperature by converting a dimensionless index into degrees Celsius, it is now possible to avoid unknown gain adjustments, schedule settings, etc. during the conversion process, and the thermal environment This makes it possible to accurately control an index such as PMV. In addition, the three types of control mentioned above (equal environment control, equivalent temperature control, and working temperature control) can be used differently depending on the degree of change in humidity and wind speed at each site, allowing effective control at each site. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an excerpt of a temperature control situation showing an embodiment of an air conditioning control method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an air conditioning control system to which this air conditioning control method is applied.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of an equal environmental temperature control situation.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional air conditioning control method.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Controller 11 Inverse PMV calculation section 12　　　　　　　　　　　Working temperature control section 13 Equivalent temperature control section 14 Environmental temperature control section 15-3 Working temperature sensor 16-3 Equivalent temperature sensor 15-2 Humidity sensor 16-2 Humidity sensor 17-2 Humidity sensor

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim 1: Input the claw value clo, the met value met, and the set values of the thermal environment index, perform reverse thermal environment index calculation, and calculate the temperature Ta, the radiant temperature Tr, the airflow Vair,
Setting value MT of equal environmental temperature expressed using humidity H as one index
*While calculating sp, temperature Ta, radiation temperature Tr, airflow V
The measured value MT*pv of the above-mentioned equal environmental temperature is determined based on the actual values of air and humidity H, and the above-mentioned MT*pv is added to the above-mentioned MT*sp.
An air conditioning control method characterized in that the air conditioning is controlled so as to match the following. [Claim 2] Input the set values of clo value clo, met value met, humidity H, and thermal environment index, perform inverse thermal environment index calculation, and calculate temperature Ta, radiation temperature Tr, and air flow V.
Equivalent temperature set value Tav expressing air as one index
While determining rsp, the measured value Tavrpv of the equivalent temperature is determined using a necessary sensor, and the Tavrpv is added to the Tavrsp.
An air conditioning control method characterized in that air conditioning is controlled so as to match avrpv. 3. Input each set value of the claw value clo, met value met, airflow Vair, humidity H, and thermal environment index, perform inverse thermal environment index calculation, and express temperature Ta and radiant temperature Tr as one index. Operating temperature set value Tar
While determining sp, the measured value Tarpv of the operating temperature is determined using a necessary sensor, and the Tarp is added to the Tarsp.
1. An air conditioning control method characterized in that air conditioning is controlled so as to match v.