JPH04330194A - Excavating machine for modification of tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator for tunnel reconstruction, which excavates a tunnel having a larger diameter than an existing tunnel while destroying the wall of the existing tunnel.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Tunnels that have been used for many years have many parts that need to be repaired, and there is also a growing desire to increase their utility value by increasing their cross-sectional shape. In order to reconstruct such an existing tunnel, it is necessary to destroy the walls of the tunnel and excavate the ground around the outer circumference of the tunnel to enlarge its diameter. Currently, tunnels are excavated using excavators with rotating cutter heads that have a larger diameter than existing tunnels.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, unlike modern tunnel construction, old tunnels built in bedrock use wooden supports to support the excavated bedrock, so the cutter head Although the crushing cutter installed in the tunnel can break down the rock, it is not possible to remove the wooden supports buried in the tunnel wall. The work is difficult.

[0004] This is because even if the cutting edge of the crushing cutter is pressed against the wooden support, relief occurs in the pressing direction, making it impossible to cut out the wood fibers. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excavator for tunnel reconstruction that solves these problems and enables smooth enlargement and reconstruction of old existing tunnels.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the tunnel renovation excavator of the present invention connects the front and rear bodies, which have a larger diameter than the existing tunnel, via a propulsion jack, and also connects the front and rear bodies with each other through a propulsion jack. A cutter head rotated by a drive mechanism disposed inside the body is disposed, and a crushing cutter for ground excavation and a bit-type cutting cutter for cutting the wall of an existing tunnel are attached to this cutter head at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. The gripper is provided on the rear body and is attached to the excavated ground in a detachable manner.

[0006] Preferably, the existing tunnel cutting cutter is configured to be movable in the radial direction of the cutter head, and the base end of a center beam is fixed to the center of the bulkhead of the front fuselage. A pair of front and rear gripper mechanisms that protrude into the tunnel and can be attached to and detached from the inner wall of the existing tunnel are arranged on the protruding part so as to be able to move toward and away from each other via jacks.Furthermore, an earth and sand discharge conveyor is installed within the center beam. The base end is exposed upward on the back side of the cutter head, and the distal end protrudes forward from the center beam.

[0007]

[Operation] After fixing the rear body by pressing the gripper provided on the rear body to the excavated ground, when the cutter head is rotated and the propulsion jack is operated in the extension direction, the front body is moved to the fixed position via the gripper. After being fixed to the tunnel, the body moves forward with the reaction force being absorbed, and the bit type cutting cutter attached to the cutter head cuts the wooden supports and concrete that form the existing tunnel wall surface, and the crushing cutter The rock around the outer periphery of the existing tunnel will be excavated, and the existing tunnel will be renovated into a tunnel with an enlarged diameter.

At this time, by making the bit-type cutting cutter freely movable in the radial direction of the cutter head, even if the cross-section of the existing tunnel is, for example, a horse-shaped cross-section, the bit-type cutting cutter can always be opposed to the cross-sectional shape of the existing tunnel. You can destroy the tunnel wall while doing so.

Furthermore, the base end of the center beam is fixed to the center of the bulkhead of the front fuselage, the center beam is made to protrude into the existing tunnel, and a pair of front and rear gripper mechanisms that are attached to and detached from the inner wall of the existing tunnel are jacked onto the protrusion. By arranging them so that they can move toward and away from each other, the excavator can be moved toward the center of the existing tunnel via the center beam and gripper mechanism, and an earth and sand discharge conveyor is installed inside the center beam. By exposing the base end upwardly on the back side of the cutter head, excavated rocks and tunnel wall pieces can be carried out through the existing tunnel.

0010

[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a cylindrical front fuselage 1 forming the main body of the shield machine, which is formed to have a larger diameter than the outer diameter of the wall B of the existing tunnel A. Following the front fuselage 1, a cylindrical intermediate fuselage 2 and a rear fuselage 3, which have the same diameter as the front fuselage 1 and are shorter in size, and a rear fuselage 3 are sequentially arranged in series.

The intermediate fuselage 2 is swingably connected to the front fuselage 1 and has a plurality of propulsion jacks 4 disposed therein at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. The front and rear ends of the front and rear fuselages 1 and 3 are pivoted and connected between a bulkhead 11 provided in the middle of the front fuselage 1 and a flange 12 fixed to the front inner peripheral surface of the rear fuselage 3. They can be moved closer together or moved further apart.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a cutter head disposed at the front end of the opening of the front body 1, and a crushing cutter 6 for ground excavation is installed on the outer periphery of the cutter head located on the outer periphery from the inner periphery of the wall B of the existing tunnel A. They are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and trapezoidal notches 13 with short inner edges are provided on the four outer peripheries of the cutter head 5, and the bit-type cutting cutter 7 is inserted forward from the notches 13. It's made to stick out.

[0013] The crushing cutter 6 is formed in the shape of a bead with a sharp outer peripheral edge, and several of these are arranged in parallel in the radial direction of the cutter head 5, with some of them protruding from the front surface of the cutter head. In this state, the center portion thereof is rotatably supported on the back surface of the cutter head 5.

The bit-type cutting cutter 7 is formed into a truncated conical shape whose diameter decreases toward the tip, and has a large number of cutting bits 7a protruding from the tip and circumferential surfaces, and a protruding bit from the center of the back. The center rotating shaft 14 provided with a bearing 15
The bearing 15 is rotatably supported by the bearing 15 and rotated by a drive motor 16 mounted on the back side of the bearing 15. Furthermore, the bearing 1 of this cutting cutter 7
5 is moved in the radial direction within the notch 13 by a telescoping mechanism 17 consisting of a jack attached to the inner periphery of the back surface of the cutter head 5, and the cutting cutter 7 is moved in the thickness direction of the wall B of the existing tunnel A. It is designed to let you do so.

The cutter head 5 is integrally provided with a cylindrical portion 5a extending rearward from its outer periphery.
Bucket bodies 18 are provided at a plurality of locations on the inner circumferential surface of a. Further, a small-diameter step tube portion 5b integrally provided at the rear end of the cylindrical portion 5a is rotatably supported on the front outer circumference of the partition wall 11, and the partition wall is attached to an internal gear 19 fixed to the small-diameter step tube portion 5b. A gear 21 fixed to the rotating shaft of a drive motor 20 mounted on the back side of the cutter head 11 is engaged with the gear 21, so that the cutter head 5 is rotated by the drive motor 20. Note that scrapers 36 are provided on both side edges of the notch 13.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a plurality of grippers disposed on the rear fuselage 3, which are protruded and retracted from the outer peripheral surface of the rear fuselage 3 in the radial direction by a jack 35 disposed inside the rear fuselage 3, and are excavated by the cutter head 5. The rear fuselage 3 is fixed in a fixed position by being removably pressed onto the excavated wall surface of the enlarged diameter tunnel C.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a center beam made of a hollow circular tube whose base end is fixed to the center of the front surface of the bulkhead of the front fuselage 1. The center beam 9 penetrates the center of the cutter head 5 and projects forward. An excavated material discharging conveyor 22 is disposed in such a manner that the conveyance start end of the conveyor 22 faces an excavated material intake port 23 which is opened toward the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 5a of the cutter head 5 at the upper circumference of the base end of the center beam 9. At the same time, the conveyance end portion is made to protrude forward from the center beam 9.

Reference numerals 24 and 25 designate a center ring portion 26 of the center beam 9 projecting from the cutter head 5;
27 is fitted in the front and rear gripper mechanisms, and the opposite surfaces of the ring parts 26 and 27 are connected by a telescopic jack 28. Existing tunnel A is attached to the rod tips of jacks 29 and 30 that are erected in the radial direction.
Gripper portion 24 that is removably pressed onto the inner circumferential surface of the wall body B.
a and 25a are respectively provided, and furthermore, a ring portion 2
Leg members 31, 31 are vertically provided on both sides of the lower periphery of the walls 6, 27, and a moving guide 32 that moves on the inner periphery of the wall B is provided at the lower end of the leg members 31, 31. The ring portion 26 of the front gripper mechanism 24 is slidable on the center beam 9, and the ring portion 27 of the rear gripper mechanism 25 is fixed at a predetermined position on the center beam 9.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a plurality of grippers disposed at the rear of the front fuselage 1, which are protruded and retracted from the outer peripheral surface of the front fuselage 1 in the outer radial direction by a jack 34 disposed inside the front fuselage 1, and grippers by the cutter head 5. The front fuselage 1 is fixed in a fixed position by being removably pressed against the excavated wall surface of the excavated enlarged diameter tunnel C.

[0020] In order to excavate and reconstruct the existing tunnel A, which has a horse-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. The gripper 8 is made to protrude from the rear fuselage 3 and pressed against the excavated wall surface of the enlarged diameter tunnel C excavated by the cutter head 5 to fix the rear fuselage 3, and then the fuselage 3 receives the reaction force and is propelled. By extending the jack 4, the front fuselage 1 is propelled, the drive motor 20 is operated to rotate the cutter head 5, and the motor 16 is further operated to rotate the bit-type cutting cutter 7.

The cutting cutter 7 projects further forward than the crushing cutter 6, and cuts the wall B of the existing tunnel A prior to rock excavation by the crushing cutter 6. That is, when the cutting cutter 7 is rotated, the bit 7a
The concrete D that constitutes the wall B rotates rapidly in the direction of stirring the end surface while biting into the end surface of the wall B.
In this method, the wood fibers of the wooden support E buried in the concrete wall are cut and destroyed.

When the wall body B is not circular in cross section but is formed in a horse-tight shape as described above, the cutting cutter 7 is moved in the radial direction by the operation of the telescopic mechanism in accordance with the rotation of the cutter head 5. The wall B is cut by reciprocating in the thickness direction of the wall B while always facing the end face of the wall B, and the bit 7a protruding from the circumferential surface of the cutting cutter 7 is used to cut the wall B. The outer rock area will also be cut.

The rock surface exposed at the cutting mark of the wall body B by the cutting cutter 7 is excavated so as to be crushed by the crushing cutter 6 disposed on the outer periphery of the cutter head 5 rather than the cutting cutter 7. That is, when the sharp outer edge of the crushing cutter 6 presses against the rock, cracks occur in the rock, which are crushed into rock pieces as the cutter head 5 rotates, and an enlarged tunnel C having a larger diameter than the existing tunnel A is excavated. It is something that

Due to the extension of the propulsion jack 4, a certain length of the existing tunnel A is cut and renovated, and the diameter of the tunnel C is expanded.
When the front fuselage 1 is excavated, the gripper 33 of the front fuselage 1 is projected and pressed against the excavated wall surface of the enlarged diameter tunnel C, and then the rear fuselage 3 is
The rear fuselage 3 is released by contracting the side grippers 8, and then the rear fuselage 3 is released by contracting the propulsion jack 4.
Pull it toward the front fuselage 1 side. Note that the gripper 33 on the front fuselage 1 side is provided to prevent the front fuselage 1 from moving back unexpectedly, and the rear fuselage 3 can be pulled by the propulsion jack 4 even if this gripper 33 is not provided. .

After the rear fuselage 3 has been moved forward by a certain distance, the rear fuselage 3 is fixed again in the same manner as described above, and the front fuselage 1 is moved forward while allowing the rear fuselage 3 to receive the reaction force. The wall B is destroyed and cut by the cutting cutter 7 of the rotary cutter head 5, and the rock is excavated by the crushing cutter 6. This excavation process is repeated to cut the entire length of the existing tunnel A, reconstruct it, and expand it. This is to excavate a diameter tunnel C.

Excavated rocks, earth and sand, wood chips from the wooden support, etc. are taken into the cutter head 5 and thrown into the bucket body 18 which rotates integrally with the cutter head 5, and the bucket body 18 is transferred to the cutter. As the head 5 rotates, when it reaches the upper circumference, it is dropped from the bucket body 18, which opens downward, onto the conveyance start end of the conveyor 22, placed on it, and conveyed through the center beam 9 toward the existing tunnel A. A transport trolley waiting inside the existing tunnel A (
(not shown) to be carried out through the existing tunnel A.

The center beam 9 protruding forward from the center of the front fuselage 1 is supported on the center line within the existing tunnel A by a pair of front and rear gripper mechanisms 24 and 25.
When the front trunk section 1 of the excavator main body moves forward, the center beam 9 moves forward integrally using the ring section 26 of the front gripper mechanism 24 as a guide. Therefore, the front body part 1 is always guided to move forward on the center line of the existing tunnel A, and excavation can be performed while the crushing cutter 6 and cutting cutter 7 of the cutter head 5 are accurately opposed to the tunnel excavation surface.

When the front fuselage 1 moves forward, the front gripper mechanism 2
4 is the gripper part 24a on the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel A.
On the other hand, the gripper part 25a of the rear gripper mechanism 25 releases the pressure and moves forward together with the center beam 9, approaching the front gripper mechanism 24 while contracting the telescopic jack 28.

After excavating a tunnel of a certain length, the gripper part 25a of the rear gripper mechanism 25 is attached to the existing tunnel A.
At the same time, the gripper part 24a of the front gripper mechanism 24 is released, and the telescopic jack 28 is extended to return the front gripper mechanism 24 to its original position with respect to the center beam 9. The excavator is guided along the tunnel center line while repeating the process. Note that these front and rear gripper mechanisms 24 and 25 are connected by a normal jack, and the center beam 9
Even if the ring portions 26 and 27 are slidably inserted into the hole, similar effects can be obtained.

In this way, by destroying the wall B of the existing tunnel A and excavating the rock around the outer periphery of the existing tunnel A, an enlarged diameter tunnel that surrounds the existing tunnel A is constructed.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the rotary cutter head of an excavator is provided with a crushing cutter for ground excavation and a bit-type cutting cutter for cutting the wall of an existing tunnel. The cutter can cut and remove the wooden supports that form the walls of the existing tunnel, which could not be removed with conventional excavators, and at the same time, the crushing cutter can be used to excavate the rock around the outer periphery of the existing tunnel to expand the existing tunnel. It can be efficiently renovated into a tunnel with a wider diameter.

At this time, by making the bit type cutting cutter freely movable in the radial direction of the cutter head, even if the cross section of the existing tunnel is, for example, a horse clamp type cross section, the bit type cutting cutter can be moved radially according to the cross sectional shape. You can reliably destroy it while expanding and contracting in the direction.

Furthermore, the base end of the center beam is fixed to the center of the bulkhead of the front fuselage, the center beam is made to protrude into the existing tunnel, and a pair of front and rear gripper mechanisms that are attached to and detached from the inner wall of the existing tunnel are jacked onto the protrusion. By arranging them so that they can move toward and away from each other, the excavator can be moved toward the center of the existing tunnel via the center beam and gripper mechanism, and an earth and sand discharge conveyor is installed inside the center beam. By exposing the base end upwardly on the back side of the cutter head, excavated rocks and tunnel wall pieces can be carried out through the existing tunnel.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

[Fig. 1] A simplified vertical sectional side view of the excavator of the present invention.

[Figure 2] Front view,

[Figure 3] Longitudinal front view of the center beam section,

[Fig. 4] Vertical front view of the existing tunnel.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Front fuselage 3. Rear fuselage 4 Propulsion jack 5 Cutter head 6 Crushing cutter for ground excavation 7 Bit type cutting cutter 8 Gripper 9 Center beam 16 Drive motor 22 Discharge conveyor 24 Gripper mechanism 25 Gripper mechanism A. Existing tunnel B Wall C Expanded diameter tunnel E Wooden shoring

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim 1: A front and rear fuselage having a diameter larger than that of the existing tunnel is connected via a propulsion jack, and a cutter head is provided at the open end of the front fuselage, which is rotated by a drive mechanism disposed within the fuselage. The head is provided with a crushing cutter for ground excavation and a bit-type cutting cutter for cutting the wall of an existing tunnel at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, and the rear body is provided with a gripper that is removably attached to the excavated ground. An excavator for tunnel renovation. 2. Claim 1, wherein the existing tunnel cutting cutter is configured to be movable in the radial direction of the cutter head.
Excavator for tunnel renovation as described. 3. The base end of the center beam is fixed to the center of the bulkhead of the front fuselage, the center beam is made to protrude into the existing tunnel, and a pair of front and rear gripper mechanisms that are attached to and detached from the inner wall of the existing tunnel are mounted on the protruding portion. Furthermore, a sand discharge conveyor is installed within the center beam, with its base end exposed upward on the back side of the cutter head, and its tip extended forward from the center beam. The excavator for tunnel renovation according to claim 1, characterized in that the excavator is protruded.