JPH0434343Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (A) Technical field This invention relates to an automatically opening/closing ventilation opening using a shape memory alloy.

Can be used for under-floor ventilation, indoor ventilation, rooftop ventilation, ridge ventilation, under-eaves ventilation, etc.

(a) Prior art It is desirable for underfloor ventilation holes to be open in the summer and closed in the winter. The reason for closing in winter is to maintain the effectiveness of indoor heating.

However, although conventional ventilation ports can be opened and closed by manual operation, they are rarely opened or closed in reality. Since it's outdoors, I forget.

Using a shape memory alloy that transforms depending on temperature,
Underfloor ventilation vents that can open and close automatically have been proposed.

Something like this closes automatically in the winter and opens automatically when it gets warmer.

JP-A No. 61-60983 (S61.3.28) combines two plates with many ventilation vertical holes, one plate is fixed and the other is movable, and the movable plate is moved by a shape memory alloy spring. ing.

This moves a large movable plate horizontally along the groove, so the sliding resistance is large. If sand or debris gets stuck in the grooves, it won't move.

Utility Model Publication No. 59-86528 (S59.6.12) attaches an S-shaped lever to the spindle of the rotating blade, and moves the lever using a spring shaft system that combines a shape memory alloy spring and a bias spring.

The reason for the S-shape is that the contact point of the lever with the shaft member is always at a right angle.

Although the shaft moves in a straight line, the lever moves in rotation, so the shape of the lever, which is always orthogonal to the shaft, is complicated.

JP-A No. 62-62140 (62.3.18) discloses a method in which a bracket is attached to the end of a rotating blade, this is rotatably fixed with a pin, and the end of the bracket is pushed or pulled with a link. The other end of the link is connected to a shaft on which a shape memory alloy spring and a bias spring press against each other.

When it gets hot, the shape memory alloy spring stretches and the blades open. When it gets cold, the shape memory alloy spring contracts and the bias spring takes over, pushing the link and closing the blades.

(c) Problems that the invention aims to solve A shape memory alloy spring and a bias spring are combined so as to press against each other, and the difference in temperature causes them to move linearly, thereby opening and closing the rotating blades.

It converts linear motion into rotation.

Utility Model 1986-86528 has a lever attached to the blade, which can be pushed or pulled. The shape of the lever is ingenious. If the lever is straight, the angle of inclination of the lever with respect to the shaft is Θ, and the distance between the shaft and the center of the lever is a, then the torque Q is Q = fa sinΘ (1) where the force of the spring is f. , when the lever is not perpendicular to the axis,
Torque becomes weaker. Since this idea uses an S-shaped lever, Q=fa (2) and there is no torque fluctuation. This is an interesting idea, but it makes the lever longer and creates friction between the shaft and the lever's sliding parts, which deviates from equation (2). This is because it has to slide laterally. If the lever is long, the mechanism will be bulky.

JP-A-62-62140 uses a link to move the bracket, which has the same drawbacks as a crank mechanism.

In other words, if Θ is the angle formed by the link and the straight line connecting the force point and fulcrum of the bracket, the torque is expressed by equation (1).

Torque varies depending on Θ. For this reason,
Operation becomes uncertain with less torque.

When measured, it is closed at Θ = 90° and open at Θ = 170°. In this case, a large force F is required for the transition from open to closed.

In devices that use links in this way, the required force is not constant (as in equation (2)), and the operation is unstable.

Furthermore, since the elongated link is accommodated, the mechanism becomes bulky.

(d) Purpose This is an automatically opening/closing ventilation opening using a shape memory alloy spring, which (1) has a linear torque/force relationship, (2) has little force loss due to friction, and (3) has an opening/closing mechanism chamber. narrow.

The purpose of this invention is to provide the following.

(e) Configuration In this invention, levers, links, cranks, etc. are not used because linear motion is converted into rotational motion. Instead, use a rack and pinion.

Since it is a rack and pinion, the relationship between torque and force is linear. Friction loss is in principle zero for rack and pinion. Also, the opening/closing mechanism room can be made smaller.

An explanation will be given with reference to drawings showing examples.

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the underfloor ventilation opening with the front panel removed. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the central portion, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the opening/closing mechanism chamber in a closed state. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view in the open state. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the opening/closing mechanism chamber in an open state.

This ventilation hole is made up of a main body 1, a front panel 2, an opening/closing blade 3, an opening/closing mechanism chamber 4, etc.

The ventilation opening body 1 is a deep frame body with front and rear openings.

The top plate part 11, the right side plate part 12, the left side plate part 13, and the bottom plate part 14 constitute a frame. The reason why the bottom plate part 14 is tilted forward is to let raindrops out.

There is a front frame 16 on the front side of the main body 1, and a stepped portion 17.
It follows.

The back surface of the main body 1 is open except for the opening/closing mechanism chamber 4. The back side of the opening/closing mechanism chamber 4 is closed by a back plate portion 15.

The opening/closing mechanism chamber 4 is provided on one side of the main body 1 and accommodates a mechanism for opening/closing the opening/closing blade 3.

The opening/closing mechanism chamber 4 is located on the left side of the main body 1 in this example. Left side plate part 13, back plate part 15, partition plate part 18,
This is a space surrounded by the bottom plate part 14, the top plate part 11, and the front panel 2.

The partition plate portion 18 partitions the ventilation space where the opening/closing blade 3 is present from the opening/closing mechanism chamber 4. In order to clearly show the movement of the opening/closing blade 3, the partition plate portion 18 is omitted in FIGS. 3 and 4, but it actually exists.

A support plate 19 is provided inside so as to be parallel to the partition plate part 18. There are pins 25 on both sides of the rotating blade 3, which serve as a central axis.

One end of the pin 25 is rotatably supported by a pin hole 26 in the support plate 19. The other end is the right side plate part 1
It is rotatably supported by the shaft hole 27 of No. 2.

A pinion 9 is fixed to one pin 25.

In this example, there are two opening/closing blades 3, one above and the other. However, it may be one or three or more.

A guide shaft 5 is fixed vertically in front of the opening/closing mechanism chamber 4.

The upper end of the fixing block 10 is fixed to the shaft hole 23 drilled in the upper plate part 11, and the lower end thereof is fixed to the bottom plate part 14.
Supported by 4.

The vertically long rack plate 6 has guide holes 3 at the top and bottom.
3 and 34 are inserted into the guide shaft 5.

The rack plate 6 moves up and down along the guide shaft 5.

Behind the rack plate 6, a rack 30 is formed in the vertical direction.

The pinion 9 of the rotating blade 3 and the rack 30 are in mesh with each other.

The rack plate 6 moves up and down along the guide shaft 5. For this purpose, a shape memory alloy spring 7, a bias spring 8, and a fixed collar plate 29 are mounted on the guide shaft 5.

The fixed collar plate 29 is fixed to a suitable location on the guide shaft 5.

For example, a circumferential groove is bored in the guide shaft 5, and the fixed flange plate 29 is firmly fitted into the circumferential groove. This doesn't move up or down.

The shape memory alloy spring 7 is made of a copper-based alloy such as Cu-Zn-Al. When the temperature is low, it contracts and when the temperature is high, it expands. The stretching force is asymmetric. The force to stretch is about 5 times the force to contract.

At low temperatures, it undergoes martensitic transformation and assumes a pre-memorized shape. Since the contraction force is weak, the bias spring 8 is necessary.

The shape memory alloy spring 7 is provided between the upper guide 31 of the rack plate 6 and the fixed collar plate 29. Guide shaft 5
Since the spring 7 is inserted, the spring 7 does not buckle.

The bias spring 8 is attached to the lower guide 32 of the rack plate 6.
and the fixed collar portion 29. Similarly, a guide shaft 5 is inserted.

The front panel 2 protects the opening.
Since there are a large number of vertical bars 20, ventilation holes 21 are formed between these bars.

The ventilation hole 21 is not located in front of the opening/closing mechanism chamber 4. The through hole 22 and the screw hole 28 of the main body 1 are aligned and fixed with a screw.

The main body 1 and the front panel 2 can be made of thermoplastic resin. ABS resin, polypropylene,
These include polyethylene, nylon, and polyvinyl chloride.

An insect repellent net may be attached behind the main body. The screen may be provided in contact with the front panel.

(F) Effect When the temperature drops in winter, the shape memory alloy spring 7
is contracted. Then, the tension force of the bias spring 8 acts to push down the lower guide 32. The rack plate 6 is lowered. The pinion 9 rotates clockwise as shown in FIG. The opening/closing blade 3 rotates clockwise to close. The notches 35 and 36 overlap, reducing the gap.

When the temperature rises, the shape memory alloy spring 7 expands. Upper guide 31 is stronger than bias spring 8.
Push up. The rack plate 6 rises. As shown in FIG. 4, the pinion 9 rotates counterclockwise.
The opening/closing blade 3 opens. Ventilation becomes possible as shown in FIG.

(g) Effects (1) Shape memory alloy springs are used to automatically open and close depending on the temperature. Extremely convenient.

(2) It can be applied not only to under-floor ventilation vents, but also to indoor ventilation vents, ridge ventilation vents, roof vents (ventilation under the ceiling), and under-eaves ventilation vents.

(3) Since a rack and pinion are used, if the force generated by the rack is f and the opening/closing blade torque is Q, then the relationship Q=fa (3) will always hold true.

The forces produced by shape memory alloys are asymmetric and have large hysteresis. Therefore. It is undesirable for there to be variations in the required force f. This is the source of malfunction.

In the present invention, a corresponds to the pitch circle radius of the pinion. The amount is easy to design.

For items that use links or levers, it is difficult to make (3) happen.

(4) When using long members such as links and levers,
This increases the volume of the mechanism room and makes it bulky, which is undesirable.

The present invention uses a pinion and a rack, so the mechanism room only needs to be small.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the present invention applied to an underfloor ventilation opening with the front panel removed. Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the opening/closing blade. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the opening/closing mechanism chamber in the closed state. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the opening/closing mechanism chamber in the open state. FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of the opening/closing mechanism chamber in the open state. 1... Main body, 2... Front panel, 3... Opening/closing blade, 4... Opening/closing mechanism chamber, 5... Guide shaft, 6... Rack plate, 7... Shape memory alloy spring, 8... Bias spring, 9...Pinion, 10...Fixing block, 11...Top plate part, 12...Right side plate part, 13...
...Left side plate part, 15...Bottom plate part, 16...Front frame, 1
7...Step part, 18...Partition plate part, 19...Support plate, 20...Vertical beam, 21...Ventilation hole, 22...Through hole, 23, 24...Shaft hole, 25...Pin, 26
...Pin hole, 27...Shaft hole, 28...Threaded hole, 30
... Rack, 31 ... Upper guide, 32 ... Lower guide, 33, 34 ... Guide hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] a main body 1 forming a frame through which wind can pass;
One or more opening/closing blades 3 rotatably supported by a pin 25 in the main body 1, a pinion 9 attached to the pin 25 of the opening/closing blade 3, and a pinion 9 fixedly installed in the opening/closing mechanism chamber 4 of the main body 1. the guide shaft 5, the fixed flange plate 29 fixed in the middle of the guide shaft 5, and the guide holes 33, 34 of the upper guide 31 and lower guide 32 on the guide shaft 5.
is inserted through the rack plate 6 having the rack 30 and the guide shaft 5, and is selectively provided between the upper guide 31 and the fixed collar plate 29 or between the lower guide 32 and the fixed collar plate 29. It consists of an alloy spring 7 and a bias spring 8, and a rack 30 and a pinion 9 are engaged with each other. When the shape memory alloy spring 7 extends, the rack plate 6 moves in a straight line, the pinion 9 rotates, and the opening/closing blade 3 opens. When the shape memory alloy spring 7 contracts, the rack plate 6 moves linearly in the opposite direction, and the pinion 9
An automatic opening/closing type ventilation opening using a shape memory alloy, characterized in that the opening/closing blades 3 are closed by rotating in the opposite direction.