JPH10246476A - Under-floor ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an under-floor ventilation device capable of performing an automatic opening or closing operation which is not influenced by either thermal radiation of solar heat or surrounding atmosphere temperature and an under-floor temperature is accurately reflected. SOLUTION: An under-floor ventilation device is provided with a driving mechanism 50 for controlling a vane 30 arranged in a casing 6. The driving mechanism 50 is comprised of a moving member 51 stored in a device case 40 and cooperatively connected to the vane 30 through a pin 56 and a spring of shape memory alloy (not shown). The device case 40 is made such that its outer side is closed to form a double-wall structure and then its under-floor side is formed with an aeration port 40. A spring made of shape memory alloy is arranged near the under-floor location in reference to the moving member 51 and a biasing spring is arranged near the outer part in reference to the moving member 51.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for underfloor ventilation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A general house is constructed by mounting a building on a concrete cloth foundation. The cloth foundation has a plurality of openings that communicate the interior space under the floor and the outside. Since the internal space under the floor is ventilated by the opening, it is possible to prevent moisture from filling the internal space, and further, it is possible to prevent the house from being corroded due to high temperature and high humidity. However, this opening has a drawback of lowering the heating efficiency because the heat of the room is released to the outside through the internal space under the floor in the cold season.

Therefore, a ventilator has been developed which opens the opening of the fabric base when the temperature and humidity are high and shuts off the opening when the temperature is cold. This ventilator includes a casing housed in an opening of a cloth foundation, blades rotatably supported in the casing, and a drive mechanism for automatically controlling the blades according to temperature. The driving mechanism includes a moving body, a spring made of a shape memory alloy that urges the moving body in one of the vertical directions, and a bias spring that urges the moving body in the opposite direction. This moving body is linked to the blade via a connecting member.

In the above configuration, for example, when the temperature rises to 13 ° C. or more, the spring made of a shape memory alloy contracts and overcomes the bias spring to move the movable body downward, for example, and accordingly moves the connecting member downward. As a result, the blades rotate to open the opening and perform ventilation.
Further, when the temperature becomes 7 ° C. or lower, the spring made of the shape memory alloy expands, and the bias spring overcomes and moves the moving body upward, thereby moving the connecting member upward. This causes the blade to rotate in the opposite direction and close the opening.

[0005]

In the drive mechanism of the ventilating device, the spring made of a shape memory alloy is driven under the influence of the outside air temperature and the radiant heat of the sun, so that the opening and closing characteristics desired by the user can be obtained. Did not. Because the user wants the opening and closing operation to be performed in response to the temperature of the internal space under the floor, the user needs to open when the inside of the floor becomes hot and close it when the inside of the floor becomes cold. Because it is. To describe the drawbacks of the drive mechanism more specifically, for example, when a spring made of a shape memory alloy is heated by radiant heat of the sun, the blades are opened in spite of a low underfloor temperature, and the heating efficiency is reduced. In addition, even when the temperature under the floor becomes high, when the outside air temperature is low, the high temperature and high humidity state under the floor cannot be eliminated by keeping the closed state.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a casing installed in an opening of a cloth foundation under a floor, and a blade disposed in the casing and communicating with and blocking the space under the floor and the outside. A drive mechanism that automatically opens and closes the blades according to the temperature. The drive mechanism includes a movable body that can move linearly, a spring made of a shape memory alloy that biases the movable body in the opposite direction, and a bias. For the underfloor ventilation device in which the moving body is linked to the blade and the blade opens and closes following the movement of the moving body, the drive mechanism is housed in a unit case, and the unit case includes The outside facing side is closed, and a vent is formed on the side facing the space under the floor.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the underfloor ventilator according to the first aspect, a spring made of a shape memory alloy is disposed below the floor with respect to the movable body in the unit case, and a bias spring is provided. Are arranged closer to the outside with respect to the moving body.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the underfloor ventilation device according to the first or second aspect, the outside of the unit case has a double wall structure, and a heat insulating space is formed between the double walls. It is characterized by.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the underfloor ventilating device according to any one of the first to third aspects, fins are formed in the ventilation holes of the unit case so as to protrude from opposing inner surfaces, respectively. It is characterized in that it is shifted in the depth direction.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An underfloor ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 5, the ventilation device 5 has an elongated rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and is installed on the cloth base 1 so as to close the opening 2 of the cloth base 1 as shown in FIGS. I have. The ventilation device 5 includes a casing 6. The casing 6 is
A casing body 10 and a front cover 20 detachably connected to the casing body 10 from the outside are provided.

The casing body 10 has a tubular portion 11 which is rectangular when viewed from the front, and a flange portion 12 formed on the periphery of the tubular portion 11. This flange portion 12
Is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the opening 2 with mortar or the like, so that the casing body 10 is fixed to the cloth foundation 1.

[0011] As shown in FIG.
Has a pair of upright walls 13 facing each other at the center in the left-right direction. The depth of these upright walls 13 is about half the depth of the cylindrical portion 11, and the upper and lower ends thereof are
It is connected to a portion on the lower side of the floor of the cylindrical portion 11. A rear wall 14 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed between the pair of upright walls 13 near the lower edge of the floor. A large number of fins 14a extending diagonally downward and further downward are formed on the rear wall 14, and ventilation holes 14b are formed between the fins 14a.

A ventilation port 15 having a large cross-sectional area is formed between the right upright wall 13 and the right wall of the cylindrical portion 11. Similarly, the left upright wall 13 and the cylindrical A ventilation port 15 is also formed between the left side wall of the portion 11. As shown in FIG.
A receiving portion 16 extending vertically from the upper and lower walls is disposed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the front cover 20 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front, and has an operation opening 21 formed at the center in the left-right direction to perform the operation to be described later. A mouth 22 is formed. As shown in FIG. 1, one or a plurality of claws 23 are formed on each of four sides of the front cover 20, and the claws 23 are formed in engagement holes formed in the flange portion 12 of the casing body 10. The front cover 20 is detachably connected to the casing main body 10 by engaging with the casing 12a. Note that a net 25 is sandwiched between the front cover 20 and the casing body 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, two horizontally extending blades 30 are vertically arranged in the left and right ventilation holes 15 of the casing body 10, and are rotatably mounted on the casing 6. Supported. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a shaft support 31 is formed at both ends of the blade 30. A hole 31a formed in the shaft support portion 31 at one end
The protrusion 13a formed on the upright wall 13 fits into the hole 31a formed on the shaft support 31 at the other end, and the protrusion (not shown) formed on the side wall of the cylindrical portion 11 fits into the hole 31a. Thereby, the blade 30 is rotatably supported.

When the blade 30 is in the vertical state, the upper edge of the upper blade 30 and the lower edge of the lower blade 30 are
When the lower edge of the upper blade 30 and the upper edge of the lower blade 30 contact each other, the vent hole 15 is closed. When the blade 30 rotates counterclockwise from the closed state, the blade 30
6, the blades 30 are separated from each other, and the vent 15 is opened.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, one end of the blade 30 (the end near the center of the casing 6) is formed with a bracket 35 that performs an operation to be described later. The bracket 35 is formed with an engagement groove 35 a extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the blade 30.

Next, the drive unit 8, which is an important feature of the present invention, will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. The drive unit 8 is housed between the upper and lower walls of the cylindrical portion 11 at the center of the casing 6. In particular, a portion of the drive unit 8 below the floor is a pair of upright walls 1 of the casing 6.
It is inserted between the three. The drive unit 8 includes a unit case 40 (holding member) and the unit case 4.
0, and a drive mechanism 50 housed in the housing.

The unit case 40 is formed by connecting a pair of case halves 41 and 42 with screws 44 (FIG. 3) as shown in FIG. Case half 41,
Reference numeral 42 is substantially symmetrical except for a part. As shown in FIG. 1, the front side (outside) of the unit case 40
It has a double wall structure, is completely closed, and has a plurality of heat insulating spaces 43a to 43e partitioned in the vertical direction. Insulated spaces 43f and 43g are also formed on the upper and lower walls of the unit case 40 on the outer side. Front side 2
The two heat insulating spaces 43b and 43d house a leaf spring 45 that performs the operation described below. A projection 45 a is formed at the center of the leaf spring 45, and the projection 45 a projects outward through a hole formed in the front wall of the unit case 40.

Near the rear ends of the case halves 41 and 42, vertically extending fins 41a and 42a are formed. These fins 41a and 42a are shifted in the depth direction. At the rear end of the unit case 40, a vent 46 is formed to bypass the fins 41a and 42a and allow air flow.

As shown in FIG. 1, the unit case 4
The driving mechanism 50 housed in the housing 0 includes a movable body 51 that can move in the vertical direction, a bias spring 52 that urges the movable body 51 in opposite directions, and a spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy. . More specifically, hook portions 51a and 51b are formed at the upper and lower ends of the moving body 51, respectively. A biasing spring 52 is hooked between the upper hooking portion 51a and the pin 54 fixed to the unit case 40 in a tension state, and urges the moving body 51 downward. Also, the lower hook 51b and the unit case 40
A spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy is hung between the pin 55 fixed to the moving member 51 and the moving body 51 upward.

The pin 54 is selectively inserted and fixed in one of the holes 59 formed in the unit case 40 so as to be vertically separated from each other. This selection also reduces the characteristic error of the spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy. Regardless, a predetermined automatic control characteristic as described later can be obtained, and the automatic control characteristic can be adjusted according to the region and the user. In the unit case 40, the biasing spring 52 is disposed closer to the outside than the moving body 51, and the spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy is disposed closer to the inside (closer to the floor) than the moving body 51.

On both left and right sides of the moving body 51, pins 56 (intermediate locking portions) extend horizontally at two locations in the upper and lower portions, respectively. The pin 56 protrudes outside through a vertical slit 49 (FIG. 3) formed in the side wall of the case halves 41 and 42, and its tip enters the engaging groove 35a of the bracket 35 of the blade 30 described above. In. As a result, the moving body 51 and the blade 30 are linked via the pin 56, and the blade 30 rotates as the moving body 51 moves up and down.

The ventilator 5 further includes an operation member 9 which is manually operated. The operating member 9 includes a base 60 having a substantially U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG.
And a knob 70 attached to the center of the front wall by a screw 75. This knob 70 is used for the front cover 2
0, and protrudes outward through the operation port 21.

The base 60 is fitted to the front of the unit case 40 and is supported so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. Vertical slits 61 are formed on the left and right side walls of the base 60.
The bases 60 are supported and guided by the projections 48 formed on the side walls of the bases 1 and 42. In addition,
Since the protrusion 48 has an inclined surface, the base 60 can be attached with one touch by pushing the base 60 from outside while deforming the side wall of the base 60. Fins 62 are formed on both side walls of the base 60 so as to project right and left and extend vertically.

As shown in FIG. 3, vertically long recesses 63 are formed in the upper and lower portions of the left and right side walls of the base 60, respectively. The pin 56 of the moving body 51 is
Is entering with vertical play. This recess 6
The upper and lower edges of the locking portions 63a and 63 perform the operation described below.
b.

The upper and lower inner surfaces of the front wall of the base 60 have three lateral grooves 65a, 65b,
65c are formed respectively. These lateral grooves 65
When one of a, 65b, and 65c is selectively fitted into the projection 45a of the leaf spring 45, the base 60 is locked at three positions. Therefore, the leaf spring 45 and the lateral groove 65
a, 65b, 65c constitute locking means. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the operation member 9 is in the lowest position (first position).
When it is in the regulation position), the upper horizontal groove 65 a is locked by the leaf spring 45. When the operation member 9 is at the intermediate position (release position), the middle horizontal groove 65 b is locked by the leaf spring 45. When the operation member 9 is at the uppermost position (the second restriction position), the lower horizontal groove 65 c is locked by the leaf spring 45.

In the above configuration, the automatic control of the blade 30 will be described first. At the time of this automatic control, the operation member 9 is at the release position and is maintained by the engagement between the leaf spring 45 and the lateral groove 65b. At this time, the concave portion 63 of the base 60
The vertical slit 49 of the unit case 40 is arranged over the entire length. Therefore, the pin 56 is not restricted, and the moving body 51 is controlled by the springs 52 and 53.

For example, when the temperature exceeds 13 ° C., the spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy contracts and the bias spring 5
2. The moving body 51 is moved upward by overcoming 2. Then, the pin 56 moves upward, and the bracket 35 engaged with the pin 56 is rotated counterclockwise,
The blade 30 is rotated in the same direction. As a result, the blade 30 is opened as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. Therefore, the internal space under the floor is in communication with the outside through the opening 2 and ventilation can be performed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent moisture from accumulating in the internal space under the floor.

When the temperature falls below 7 ° C., the spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy extends, and the bias spring 52
Overcomes and moves the moving body 51 downward. Then
The pin 56 moves downward, and the bracket 35 engaged with the pin 56 is rotated clockwise to
0 is rotated in the same direction. As a result, the blade 30 is closed as shown by the solid line in FIG. Therefore, the interior space under the floor is shut off from the outside, so that it is possible to prevent the warm air of the room from escaping to the outside through the interior space under the floor and the opening 2 and avoid a decrease in the heating efficiency. Can be.

Unit case 4 for housing drive mechanism 50
0 has a double structure and a plurality of heat insulating spaces 43a-43.
It has 43 g and is sealed. Also,
The base 60 and the front cover 20 are arranged outside the unit case 40, and the gap therebetween also becomes a heat insulating space. Further, a spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy is arranged below the floor. Therefore, the influence of the spring 53 made of the shape memory alloy from the radiant heat of the sun and the outside air temperature can be minimized. If the unit case 40, the base 60, and the front cover 20 are made of resin, the heat insulating effect can be further enhanced.

On the other hand, the internal space under the floor and the internal space of the unit case 40 are formed by the rear wall 14 of the casing 6.
Are connected to each other through a ventilation port 14b formed at the rear end of the unit case 40, and a spring 53 made of a shape memory alloy is disposed below the floor. Therefore, the spring 53 made of the shape memory alloy can perform contraction and extension operations faithfully under the influence of the temperature of the internal space under the floor.

As a result, it is possible to perform automatic opening / closing control of the blade 30 appropriately corresponding to the environment under the floor. For example, when the underfloor temperature is low, even if the ventilator 5 receives the radiant heat of the sun, the closed state of the blade 30 is maintained, and the heating effect is not reduced. Further, even when the outside air temperature is low, if the temperature inside the floor is high, the blades 30 can be reliably opened to release moisture.

The fin 14a is provided on the rear wall 14 of the casing 6.
Is provided, and the fins 41a and 42a are provided in the unit case 40, so that when air flows into the internal space of the unit case 40 from the ventilation holes 14b and 46, sand contained in the air is removed. Dust such as soil is blocked by the fins 14a, 41a and 42a and does not enter the internal space of the unit case 40. Therefore, the moving body 5
One smooth slide is ensured. Further, dust such as sand and soil carried by the wind from the outside by the fins 62 of the base 60 of the operating member 9 and the brackets 35 of the blades 30 causes dust between the pins 56 and the vertical slits 49 and inside the unit case 40. The moving body 51 can be prevented from entering the moving body 51, and from this point, a smooth slide of the moving body 51 is secured.

When it is desired to close the opening 2 irrespective of the environmental temperature (the temperature under the floor), as in the case of a typhoon, the knob 70 of the operating member 9 is pushed down by hand. Then, the operating member 9 is released from the locked state at the release position, and reaches the lower first regulation position. At this time, the upper edge 63a of the concave portion 63 of the base 60 hits the pin 56 and pushes the moving body 51 downward, so that the blade 30 is closed.

The first regulating position of the operating member 9 is maintained by the engagement between the leaf spring 45 and the lateral groove 65a. Further, the upper edge 63a of the concave portion 63 of the base 60 stops the pin 56 located at the lower end of the vertical slit 49, and prohibits the pin 56 from moving upward. Therefore, the lower position (first operating position) of the moving body 51 is maintained, and the corresponding blade 30
Is maintained in the closed state. In this way, it is possible to prevent rain and dust from entering the internal space under the floor due to the strong wind.

When it is desired to remove moisture under the floor irrespective of the temperature under the floor, the knob 70 of the operating member 9 is pushed up by hand. Then, the operation member 9 is released from the locked state at the release position, and reaches the upper second restriction position. At this time, the lower edge 63b of the concave portion 63 of the base 60 hits the pin 56 and pushes the moving body 51 upward, so that the blade 30 is opened.

The second regulating position of the operation member 9 is maintained by the engagement between the leaf spring 45 and the lateral groove 65c. Further, the lower edge 63b of the concave portion 63 of the base 60 stops the pin 56 located at the upper end of the vertical slit 49, and prohibits the pin 56 from moving downward. Therefore, the upper position (second operating position) of the moving body 51 is maintained, and the corresponding blade 30
Is kept open. In this way, forced ventilation under the floor can be performed.

When it is desired to return to the automatic control, it is sufficient to return from the first and second regulating positions to the intermediate release position by manual operation. At this time, the leaf spring 45 is connected to the lateral grooves 65a, 65a.
5c and engages with the lateral groove 65b.

In this embodiment, since the drive unit 8 is located at the center and the blades 30 are arranged on the left and right sides thereof, the casing 6 is filled with mortar for fixing the ventilator 5 to the opening 2. Can be prevented from being deformed. Further, since the blades 30 need only be short, it is possible to prevent the blades 30 from falling off the casing 6 due to the bending. Further, since the blade 30 is short, the force for rotating the blade 30 by the pin 56 of the moving body 51 is small, and the spring 5
The automatic opening / closing control of the blade 30 by the second and third blades 53 can be reliably performed. Further, since the pin 56 of the moving body 50 is inserted into the engagement groove 35a of the bracket 35 of the blade 30, the moving body 50 and the blade 30 can be directly linked to each other, and the intermediate member can be omitted. Can be simplified.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modes are possible. For example, the engagement groove 35a of the bracket 35 includes a slit. A heat insulating material may be accommodated in the heat insulating spaces 43a to 43g of the unit case 40. A configuration may be adopted in which a connecting member is interposed between the moving body and the blade to indirectly cooperate. The holding member may be integral with the casing. The operating member need not be locked at the predetermined release position. In this case, at the time of automatic control, the operation member can move following the movement of the moving body. Depending on the area or the user's request, the blades may be forcedly closed only or forcedly opened only. In this case, the operation member is locked only in one of the first and second restriction positions.

[0041]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the outer side of the unit case accommodating the drive mechanism is closed and the ventilation hole is formed below the floor, the internal space below the floor is formed. The blade can be controlled to open and close automatically by faithfully reflecting the temperature of the blade. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the spring made of the shape memory alloy is disposed below the floor, the blade can be automatically opened and closed while reflecting the temperature of the internal space under the floor more faithfully. According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the outer side of the unit case has a double structure and has a heat insulating space, it is possible to further reduce the influence of external temperature and solar radiation heat on the shape memory alloy spring. In addition, the opening and closing can be performed by more faithfully reflecting the temperature of the internal space under the floor. According to the invention of claim 4, the fins formed in the ventilation holes of the unit case can prevent dust such as sand and soil contained in the inflowing air, and can ensure smooth movement of the moving body.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part including a drive unit in an underfloor ventilation device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion including the driving unit.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the drive unit.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part including a blade in the ventilation device, and is a sectional view taken along a line IV-IV in FIG. 5;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the ventilation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 cloth foundation 2 opening 5 ventilation device 6 casing 8 drive unit 9 operating member 30 blade 35 bracket 45 leaf spring 35a engagement groove 40 unit case (holding member) 41a, 42a fins 43a to 43g adiabatic space 46 opening 50 drive mechanism 51 moving Body 52 Spring for bias 53 Spring made of shape memory alloy 56 Pin (locking portion) 60 Base 63 Recess 63a, 63b Upper and lower edges of locking (retaining portion) 65a-65c Groove 70 Knob

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A blade installed in an opening of a cloth foundation under the floor, a blade disposed in the casing for communicating and blocking between a space under the floor and the outside, and the blade is automatically opened and closed according to a temperature. A driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism includes a moving body that can move linearly, a spring made of a shape memory alloy that biases the moving body in the opposite direction, and a bias spring. In the underfloor ventilation device, which is cooperated with the blade and opens and closes the blade following the movement of the moving body, the drive mechanism is housed in a unit case, and in the unit case, the side facing the outside is closed, and An underfloor ventilation device, characterized in that a vent is formed on the side facing the space. 2. In the unit case, a spring made of a shape memory alloy is arranged below the floor with respect to the moving body, and a bias spring is arranged outside with respect to the moving body. The underfloor ventilator according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The underfloor ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein an outer side of the unit case has a double wall structure, and a heat insulating space is formed between the double walls. . 4. The unit case according to claim 1, wherein fins protruding from inner surfaces facing each other are formed in the ventilation holes of the unit case, and the fins are shifted in a depth direction. The underfloor ventilation device according to Crab.