JPH04353780A - Indicating method for residual capacity of battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To indicate the residual capacity of a battery without being affected by a changed-over voltage of the battery, when the residual capacity of the battery of a device which conducts control by changing over the voltage of the battery in a plurality of stages in accordance with the state of operation is indicated by using a map. CONSTITUTION:In regard to a map for determining an output value for moving a pointer of a meter of the residual capacity of a battery in accordance with the residual capacity of the battery, a curve used at the time of running made by a relatively high battery voltage and shown by a solid line is changed over to a curve shown by an imaginary line of which the full scale is raised in relation to the one at the time of the running, when stopping is made by a relatively low battery voltage. Even when the battery voltage is changed over and varied, the meter of the residual capacity is made to conduct indication with the map changing for each battery voltage, and therefore proper indication can always be executed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention provides an apparatus that operates using a battery power source and controls the voltage of the battery by switching the voltage of the battery in a plurality of stages according to the operating state. The present invention relates to a method of displaying the remaining battery amount using a map calculated from the above.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, electric vehicles using batteries are driven by the battery power, so it is necessary to constantly monitor the remaining amount of the battery. For example, in a device that calculates the remaining amount of power based on the amount consumed from a fully charged state and displays the meter needle by swinging according to the remaining amount, the swing angle of the needle is determined in advance according to the remaining amount. A map can be provided, and the meter can display the deflection angle of the needle determined from the map based on the remaining amount calculated as described above.

By the way, in order to extend the cruising distance on a single charge, the electric vehicle described above uses a down regulator to lower the control voltage when the driving state does not require a large output, such as when the vehicle is stopped, thereby reducing battery consumption. It is good to suppress. However, in a voltage drop state, the voltage applied to the meter described above also decreases, so the deflection angle of the needle becomes smaller than normal, causing the meter to lose power between running and stopping, which requires a large output. An inconvenience arises in that the deflection angles are different.

0004

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the problems of the prior art, the main object of the present invention is to perform operation using battery power and control the battery voltage by switching it in multiple stages according to the operating state. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for displaying the remaining battery amount that can prevent the display of the remaining battery amount from changing due to switching of the battery voltage.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, the present invention provides an apparatus that operates using a battery power source and controls the voltage of the battery by switching the voltage of the battery in a plurality of stages according to the operating state. , in a method of displaying the remaining battery capacity using a meter using a map obtained by calculating the operation history or state of the battery, when the voltage of the battery increases or decreases by switching; This is achieved by providing a method for displaying the remaining battery capacity, characterized in that the remaining capacity of the battery is displayed by changing the full scale of the map using an increase/decrease rate with respect to a reference value.

[0006]

[Operation] By doing this, even if the battery voltage is switched and the full scale of the map changes, the full scale of the map can be changed to compensate for the increase or decrease in the switched voltage with respect to the reference value. You can always match the full scale of the battery remaining capacity display.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a simplified circuit diagram generally showing a control circuit of a drive motor 1 of an electric vehicle, such as a motorcycle, to which the present invention is applied. This motor 1 is composed of, for example, a brushless motor, and has an IC
The drive is controlled by a control unit 2 made up of transistors and the like.

In FIG. 1, the voltage of a battery 3 as a power source mounted on a vehicle is applied to a power terminal a of a control unit 2 via a main switch 4 and a down regulator 5 in this order. ing. The voltage of this battery 3 is, for example, 48V, and is reduced to, for example, 13.1V by the down regulator 5. Further, the ground terminal b of the control unit 2 is grounded, and the node between the battery 3 and the main switch 4 is connected to the second power terminal c of the control unit 2.

In the control unit 2, the power supply terminal a is connected to a circuit element capable of performing arithmetic control and holding data via a diode D1, a diode D2, a three-terminal regulator 6, and a diode D3 in this order. It is connected to the power supply terminal V of the CPU 7. Note that the output terminal of the three-terminal regulator 6 is a diode D4.
It is also connected to a constant voltage power supply terminal Vcc for supplying a constant voltage in the control unit 2 via.

The second power supply terminal c is connected to first and second Zener diodes ZD1 and ZD2 connected in series with each other via a diode D5 and a resistor R1.
is grounded through. The nodes of these Zener diodes ZD1 and ZD2 are connected to C through the diode D6.
It is connected to the power supply terminal V of PU7. That is, when the main switch 4 is on, the battery voltage input through the power supply terminal a is reduced to a predetermined voltage by the three-terminal regulator 6 and supplied to the power supply terminal V of the CPU 7, and the main switch 4 is turned off. When the state is reached, the battery voltage supplied via the second power supply terminal c reaches CP at the data holding voltage determined by the first Zener diode ZD1.
It is applied to the power supply terminal V of U7. These Zener diodes ZD1 and ZD2 constitute discharge suppressing means.

The charging terminal d of the control unit 2 is
Connected to the constant voltage output terminal of the battery charger during charging. In the control unit 2, the charging terminal d is connected to both the diodes D through the diode D7.
1.D2, and is also connected to the base of a transistor Q1 whose emitter is grounded via a resistor R2. The collector of this transistor Q1 is C
It is connected to the input terminal I1 of the PU7, and a signal indicating that charging is in progress is input to the CPU7.

Input terminals e to g of control unit 2
A rotor position sensor 8 consisting of a sensor corresponding to each phase is connected to detect the position of the rotor of the motor 1, and the rotor position detection signal is sent to each input of the CPU 7 via an I/O circuit 9. It is designed to be input to terminals I2 to I4.

One end of a potentiometer constituting a throttle sensor 10 for extracting a signal corresponding to the throttle opening of the engine is connected to a terminal h of the control unit 2, and a voltage input terminal of the other end of a resistor VR is connected to the grounded end. and terminal i of control unit 2 has
A slider 10a that moves on the resistor VR is connected thereto. The terminal h is the analog input terminal A of the CPU7.
1, and the terminal i is the analog input terminal A of the CPU7.
Connected to 2. Further, the voltage applied to the voltage input terminal of the resistor VR is supplied from the constant voltage power supply terminal Vcc via the resistor R3. Note that this constant voltage power supply terminal Vcc is the reference voltage input terminal Vr of the CPU 7.
It is also connected to ef. In this way, a throttle signal corresponding to the amount of throttle operation by the driver is input to the CPU 7.

A temperature sensor 11 for detecting the temperature of the motor 1 is connected to an input terminal j of the control unit 2. A current detection signal from a large current sensor (not shown) is input to the input terminal k in order to detect the current when the current consumption of the motor 1 is relatively large, and a current detection signal from a large current sensor (not shown) is input to the input terminal m. In order to detect the current when the target is small, a current detection signal from a small current sensor (not shown) is input. The large current sensor is designed to handle a capacity of -40 to 120A, and the small current sensor is designed to handle a capacity of -20 to 20A. In addition, a charging signal for detecting the charging state is input to the input terminal n, and a drive state monitor signal output from a driver section 12 (described later) for driving the motor 1 is input to the input terminal o. A side stand switch signal for detecting the usage status of the side stand of the two-wheeled vehicle in this embodiment is input to the input terminal p. Each of these input signals is sent to the CP via the I/O circuit 13 within the control unit 2.
Each analog input terminal A3 to A5 of U7 and each input terminal I5
-I7, respectively. In addition, input terminals y and z
A vehicle speed pulse sensor 19 is connected to the vehicle speed pulse sensor 19, and this vehicle speed pulse signal is sent to the I/O in the control unit 2.
It is input to the input terminal I8 of the CPU 7 via the circuit 20.

A battery level meter 15 and lamps are connected to the node between the down regulator 5 and the diode D1 via an auxiliary power supply terminal VB. The nodes of both the diodes D1 and D2 are connected to the power supply terminals for the large current sensor and the small current sensor through the output terminal q, and are connected to the power supply terminal of the driver section 12 through the output terminal r. It is also connected to the terminal. Further, a drive circuit 14 for driving the motor 1 is provided in the control unit 2, and the above-mentioned throttle sensor 10
Output terminals O1 to O6 of CPU7 according to input signals from
A control signal from the drive circuit 14 is input to the drive circuit 14, and a drive control signal from the drive circuit 14 is input to the control unit 2.
are inputted to the driver section 12 through the respective terminals u1, u2, v1, v2, w1, and w2, and the motor 1 is driven by the driver section 12. Incidentally, the monitor signal indicating the driving state outputted from the driver section 12 is inputted to the input terminal o as described above.

By the way, the output terminal O7 of the CPU7 is C
It outputs a signal representing the state of PU7, and is connected via a resistor R4 to the base of a transistor Q2 whose emitter is grounded. Power supply VM taken out from the node of the diode D2 and the three-terminal regulator 6 described above.
is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2 via a resistor R5 and a light emitting diode LED which are connected in series. When a signal is output from the output terminal O7 of the CPU7, the light emitting diode LED lights up and the CPU7
You can check the status of

The output terminal O8 of the CPU 7 outputs a battery remaining amount signal based on a map stored in advance in the CPU 7, and an inverter circuit INV and a resistor R6 are connected in series to the base of a transistor Q3 whose emitter is grounded. connected via. The collector of this transistor Q3 is connected to an externally provided battery level meter 15 via the output terminal s of the control unit 2. The remaining amount will be displayed.

The output terminal O9 of the CPU 7 outputs a reserve signal, and is connected to the base of a transistor Q4 whose emitter is grounded via a resistor R7. The collector of this transistor Q4 is connected to an externally provided reserve lamp 16 via an output terminal t of the control unit 2, and the reserve lamp 16 lights up when the battery 3 needs to be charged.

The output terminal O10 of the CPU 7 outputs a stop detection signal for the motor 1, and is connected to the base of a transistor Q5 whose emitter is grounded via a resistor R7. The collector of this transistor Q5 is connected to the output terminal x of the control unit 2,
When the motor 1 stops, a stop signal is outputted to the outside from the output terminal x, making it possible to confirm when the motor 1 has stopped.

Note that the CPU 7 is provided with a watchdog output terminal WD.
D is connected to the watchdog circuit 17 via the capacitor C1, and the output terminal of the watchdog circuit 17 is connected to the reset terminal R of the CPU 7. Therefore, the CPU
When the watchdog circuit 17 detects a signal output from the watchdog output terminal WD in a predetermined state of 7, the CPU 7 is reset. Further, in order to detect fluctuations in the voltage of the battery 3 which is the power source, the voltage Vbt at the node of the diode D5 and the resistor R1 is inputted to the analog input terminal A6 of the CPU 7 via the power supply voltage compensation circuit 18. The motor 1 is controlled so as to always generate the same output by compensating for fluctuations in the power supply voltage.

[0021] When the CPU 7 in this embodiment detects the stop of the motor 1 in the running stopped state, for example, based on the monitor signal of the driver section 12, it outputs a motor stop signal from the output terminal O10. When that signal is outputted as a motor stop detection signal from the output terminal x of the control unit 2 as described above and inputted to the down regulator 5, the output from the down regulator 5 is, for example, 10
V, in order to suppress wasteful power consumption during stoppage.

As described above, the CPU 7 of this embodiment calculates the remaining battery power according to the current consumption as the operation history based on the detected value of each current sensor, and calculates the remaining battery power according to the amount of current consumed as the operation history, and calculates the remaining amount of the battery in advance as shown by the solid line in FIG. The map is used to determine the meter output duty, which determines the deflection angle of the needle of the remaining battery level meter 15 by PWM control. The meter output is output from the output terminal O8 and displayed by the battery remaining amount meter 15. Note that the remaining amount of the battery may be determined by detecting the battery voltage, for example.

Furthermore, during normal running, the output voltage VB of the auxiliary power supply terminal VB is 12V due to the normal output from the down regulator 5, but when the above-mentioned stop occurs, the output voltage VB of the auxiliary power supply terminal VB is 12V. It becomes 10V. Therefore, when the battery is stopped, the driving voltage of the remaining battery meter 15 is 1.
Since the voltage drops to 0V, if the solid line map in FIG. 2 corresponding to the 13.1V output voltage is used as is, the full scale will become smaller and less than the original display amount will be displayed. However, according to the present invention, at the time of the above-mentioned stop, the remaining power display output is switched to a map that is changed in the direction of correcting the full scale according to the rate of decrease in the output voltage, as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. Since this is done, the meter deflection angle of the battery remaining amount meter 15 is corrected, and the remaining amount display does not change.

[0024] In this embodiment, two conditions are used: when running and when stopped.
Although the voltage value is switched in stages, it is not limited to two stages.
Even if there are three or more stages, it can be applied if maps corresponding to each stage are provided. Further, in addition to providing a reference map, a change coefficient of the reference map is set according to the rate of increase/decrease of each switched voltage with respect to the reference voltage, and the reference map is changed with the corresponding coefficient in response to voltage switching. Also good.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, when driving by switching the battery voltage, the full scale of the map is changed to compensate for the increase/decrease in the switched voltage with respect to the reference value, so that the remaining battery level is always maintained. The full scale of the amount display can be adjusted, and the remaining battery amount can be displayed appropriately without being affected by differences in voltage.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified circuit diagram generally showing a motor control circuit to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a map for displaying remaining battery power according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Motor 2 Control unit 3 Battery 4 Main switch 5 Down regulator 6 Three terminal regulator 7 CPU 8 Rotor position sensor 9 I/O circuit 10 Throttle sensor 11 Temperature sensor 12 Driver section 13 I/O circuit 14 Drive circuit 15 Battery level meter 16 Reserve lamp 17 Watchdog circuit 18 Power supply voltage compensation circuit 19 Vehicle speed sensor 20 I/O circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a device that operates using a battery power source and controls the voltage of the battery by switching the voltage of the battery in multiple stages according to the operating state, the remaining amount of the battery is used to calculate the operation history or state of the battery. In this method of displaying the remaining battery capacity using a meter using a map obtained by using a map, if the voltage of the battery is switched and increases or decreases, the full scale of the map is changed by the rate of increase or decrease with respect to the reference value. A method for displaying a remaining battery amount, characterized in that the remaining amount of the battery is displayed.