JPH044019A - Exhaust gas cleaning device - Google Patents
Exhaust gas cleaning deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH044019A JPH044019A JP2101918A JP10191890A JPH044019A JP H044019 A JPH044019 A JP H044019A JP 2101918 A JP2101918 A JP 2101918A JP 10191890 A JP10191890 A JP 10191890A JP H044019 A JPH044019 A JP H044019A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- fluidized bed
- carbon
- cleaning device
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/12—Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/08—Granular material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、窒素酸化物、炭素、炭化水素などを含む排気
ガスを浄化する排気ガス浄化装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for purifying exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides, carbon, hydrocarbons, and the like.
従来の技術
窒素酸化物、炭素、炭化水素などを排出するものとして
、ジーゼルエンジンを搭載した、バス、トランク等の各
種大型車両がある。現在これらには大きな課題が二つあ
る。一つはエンジン内部での燃焼性が悪くカーボン粒子
が生成し、排気ガス中に含まれることである。このカー
ボン粒子は人体に悪影響をおよぼす。もう一つはエンジ
ン内部での高熱により燃焼空気中の窒素と酸素が反応し
窒素酸化物（ＮＯ８）を生成するいわゆるサーマルＮＯ
８である。ＮＯつは王として一酸化窒素（Ｎｏ）と二酸
化窒素（ＮＯ□）からなっているが、これらはいずれも
酸性雨の原因としてその早急な対策が強く望まれている
。前者のカーボン粒子については、コーディエライト、
ムライトなどの無機耐熱材料をポーラスな一体成形体に
したものに蓄積し、蓄積したカーボンはヒータ、バーナ
などにより燃焼させる方式が検討されているが、耐熱性
、熱衝撃による割れなどに問題があり、実用化に至って
いない、一方排ガス中の窒素酸化物については、酸素存
在下での除去が困難であることから現実的には手がうた
われていない。このためエンジン自体に改良を施すこと
により、改善しようとしているが、十分な結果を得るま
でには至っていない。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various large vehicles such as buses and trunks equipped with diesel engines emit nitrogen oxides, carbon, hydrocarbons, and the like. There are currently two major issues facing these issues. One is that the combustibility inside the engine is poor and carbon particles are generated and included in the exhaust gas. These carbon particles have an adverse effect on the human body. The other is so-called thermal NO, which is caused by the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen in the combustion air due to the high heat inside the engine, producing nitrogen oxides (NO8).
It is 8. NO mainly consists of nitric oxide (No) and nitrogen dioxide (NO□), both of which are causes of acid rain, and urgent countermeasures are strongly desired. For the former carbon particles, cordierite,
A method of accumulating inorganic heat-resistant materials such as mullite in a porous integral molded body and burning the accumulated carbon using a heater, burner, etc. is being considered, but there are problems with heat resistance and cracking due to thermal shock. On the other hand, nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas have not been practically used because it is difficult to remove them in the presence of oxygen. Efforts are being made to improve this by improving the engine itself, but this has not resulted in sufficient results.
発明が解決しようとする課題
ジーゼルエンジンなどの排気ガスに伴う二つの課題、す
なわちカーボン粒子の問題と窒素酸化物の問題はいずれ
も早君に解決されなければならない課題であり、本発明
はそのカーボン粒子の問題と窒素酸化物の問題を同時に
解決する排ガス浄化装置の提供を目的とする。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Two problems associated with exhaust gas from diesel engines, namely, the problem of carbon particles and the problem of nitrogen oxides, are both problems that must be solved quickly. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification device that solves the problems of particles and nitrogen oxides at the same time.
課題を解決するための手段
上記目的を達成するために本発明の排気ガス浄化装置は
、排気ガスの下流に、球状セラミンク表面に燃焼用触媒
を担持した流動層を設け、その流動層の下流に、発砲セ
ラミック表面に酸化触媒を担持した固定層を設け、前記
流動層と前記固定層とを加熱する手段を設けた構成とし
た。Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the exhaust gas purification device of the present invention provides a fluidized bed downstream of the exhaust gas in which a combustion catalyst is supported on the surface of spherical ceramic ink, and downstream of the fluidized bed. A fixed layer supporting an oxidation catalyst was provided on the surface of the foamed ceramic, and a means for heating the fluidized bed and the fixed layer was provided.
作用
本発明は上記した構成によって、ガス圧により流動層で
燃焼用触媒は排気ガスと流動、混合する。Operation According to the present invention, the combustion catalyst flows and mixes with exhaust gas in a fluidized bed due to gas pressure.
この時カーボン粒子は触媒と接触し、−時触媒表面に補
そくされる。この補そくされたカーボンは触媒の介在に
より排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を窒素に還元する。カーボ
ン粒子自体を炭酸ガス（Ｃｏｔ）または−酸化炭素（Ｃ
Ｏ）に酸化される。次に気相のｃｏ、ｃｏ、は下流に設
Ｌｊられた発砲セラミ／りに担持された酸化触媒により
炭酸ガスに酸化されることとなる。At this time, the carbon particles come into contact with the catalyst and are replenished onto the surface of the catalyst. This compensated carbon reduces nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas to nitrogen through the intervention of a catalyst. The carbon particles themselves are treated with carbon dioxide gas (Cot) or -carbon oxide (C
oxidized to O). Next, the gas phase CO, CO, will be oxidized to carbon dioxide gas by an oxidation catalyst supported on a ceramic foam installed downstream.
実施例
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の排気ガス浄化装置に
ついて説明する。図は本発明の排気ガス浄化ｇｌの断面
図である。ジーゼルエンジンなどの排気ガス発生源（１
）からの排気ガスは流入口（２）を通して排気ガス浄化
装置（３）に入る。排気ガスの圧力により流動層燃焼用
触媒（４）は流動しだし、排気ガスと混合される。流動
層燃焼用触媒（４）としては球状アルミナ担体表面にバ
リウム、銅の各種塩の混合溶液に含浸した後、８５０°
Ｃで焼成したものに、さらに硝酸パラジウムの溶液に含
浸後５００°Ｃで焼成したものを用いた。以上の結果、
ＢａＣｕＯ□としては１０％、パラジウムとしては０．
１％の担持量となった。この触媒は電気ヒータ（５）に
より予め６００°Ｃまで予熱されている。このように加
熱された触媒と混合されたカーボン粒子は排気ガス中の
窒素酸化物（Ｎｏ、）を還元し窒素にする。この時カー
ボンは炭酸ガス（ＣＯ７）または−酸化炭素（ＣＯ）に
なる。これらのガスは空気流入口（６ンがら取り入れた
空気と混合され、コーディエライトからなる発砲セラミ
ック表面にペロブスカイト型複合酸化物をコロイダルア
ルミナと共に１０％担持 し、さらにパラジウムを０．
１％担持した酸化触媒を有する固定層（７）で反応し、
炭酸ガス（ＣＯ２）に変化する。この排気ガスは排出口
（８）より排出される。EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an exhaust gas purification device of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. The figure is a sectional view of the exhaust gas purification GL of the present invention. Exhaust gas generation sources such as diesel engines (1
) enters the exhaust gas purification device (3) through the inlet (2). The fluidized bed combustion catalyst (4) begins to flow due to the pressure of the exhaust gas and is mixed with the exhaust gas. As a fluidized bed combustion catalyst (4), the surface of a spherical alumina carrier is impregnated with a mixed solution of various salts of barium and copper, and then heated at 850°.
The material fired at 500° C. was further impregnated with a solution of palladium nitrate and then fired at 500° C. As a result of the above,
10% as BaCuO□, 0.0% as palladium.
The supported amount was 1%. This catalyst was previously preheated to 600°C by an electric heater (5). The carbon particles mixed with the heated catalyst reduce nitrogen oxides (No.) in the exhaust gas to nitrogen. At this time, carbon becomes carbon dioxide gas (CO7) or -carbon oxide (CO). These gases are mixed with air taken in from the air inlet (6), and 10% of perovskite complex oxide is supported on the foam ceramic surface made of cordierite along with colloidal alumina, and 0.0% of palladium is supported.
React in a fixed bed (7) with 1% supported oxidation catalyst,
Changes to carbon dioxide gas (CO2). This exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust port (8).
この結果、流入口で１５００ｐｐ−であった窒素酸化物
濃度は排出口で４００ｐｐ…になった。As a result, the nitrogen oxide concentration, which was 1500 pp- at the inlet, became 400 pp- at the outlet.
また流入口で０．１重量パーセントあったカーボンは排
出口で０．０１重量パーセントに減少した。Further, the carbon which was 0.1% by weight at the inlet was reduced to 0.01% by weight at the outlet.
発明の効果
以上のように本発明の排気ガス浄化装置によれば、次の
効果が得られる。Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the exhaust gas purification device of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
（＋） 排気ガス中のカーボン粒子を除去することが
できる。(+) Carbon particles in exhaust gas can be removed.
（２）排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を還元し、排出濃度を下
げることができる。(2) Nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas can be reduced and exhaust concentration can be lowered.
（３）酸化触媒を設置することで排気ガス中の一酸化炭
素を除去することができる。(3) Carbon monoxide in exhaust gas can be removed by installing an oxidation catalyst.
（４）発砲セラミ’７り表面に酸化触媒を担持した固定
層を設置することにより流動層の燃焼用触媒が装置外に
とび出ることを防ぐことができる。(4) By installing a fixed bed supporting an oxidation catalyst on the surface of the ceramic foam, it is possible to prevent the combustion catalyst in the fluidized bed from coming out of the device.
第１図は本発明の実施例における排気ガス浄化装置の断
面図である。
４・・・・・・流動層、５・・・・・・加熱する手段、
７・・・・・・固定層。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an exhaust gas purification device in an embodiment of the present invention. 4... Fluidized bed, 5... Means for heating,
7...Fixed layer.
Claims (1)
を担持した流動層を設け、その流動層の下流に発泡セラ
ミック表面に酸化触媒を担持した固定層を設け、前記流
動層と前記固定層とを加熱する手段を設けた排気ガス浄
化装置。A fluidized bed with a combustion catalyst supported on a spherical ceramic surface is provided downstream of the exhaust gas, a fixed layer with an oxidation catalyst supported on a foamed ceramic surface is provided downstream of the fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed and the fixed bed are Exhaust gas purification device equipped with heating means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2101918A JPH044019A (en) | 1990-04-18 | 1990-04-18 | Exhaust gas cleaning device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2101918A JPH044019A (en) | 1990-04-18 | 1990-04-18 | Exhaust gas cleaning device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH044019A true JPH044019A (en) | 1992-01-08 |
Family
ID=14313290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2101918A Pending JPH044019A (en) | 1990-04-18 | 1990-04-18 | Exhaust gas cleaning device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH044019A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002001050A1 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-03 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas processing method and device |
| DE19914774B4 (en) * | 1998-04-01 | 2006-10-05 | Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota | Exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine |
-
1990
- 1990-04-18 JP JP2101918A patent/JPH044019A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914774B4 (en) * | 1998-04-01 | 2006-10-05 | Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota | Exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine |
| WO2002001050A1 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2002-01-03 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas processing method and device |
| EP1296028A4 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2004-03-17 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING EXHAUST GASES |
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