JPH0440720B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention automatically reads performance information stored in a storage means over time, and automatically generates a musical tone signal according to the performance information. This invention relates to an automatic performance device that generates

(Prior art) Conventionally, this type of device has been used, for example, in the University of Utah doctoral dissertation "ELECTRONICS, MUSICAND
COMPUTERS by Aklan Conway Ashton”
(Published in August 1970), a computer is connected to an electronic oil gun, and through program processing on the computer, the keyboard, tone, volume, and effects change over time when the electronic organ is played. The stored performance information is sequentially output to the organ interface as time elapses in the same way as above, and the organ interface There is an electronic organ in which a tone generator, a filter switch, etc. within the electronic organ are controlled to reproduce the performance of the electronic organ.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, with the above-mentioned conventional device, although it is possible to reproduce the performance of the electronic organ as is, it is not possible to change part of the stored performance information to the organ interface. Therefore, when reproducing a performance, it is not possible to change the timbre, volume, effect, etc. for each song or in the middle of the song from those at the time of performance, which makes the use of the conventional device described above narrow. The problem was that it was limited.

The present invention was made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to provide an automatic performance device that has a wide range of utility.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the structural features of the present invention include first performance information for controlling the pitch of a generated musical tone signal and a timbre of the same musical tone signal. , second performance information for controlling at least one musical tone element among volume and effect, and a storage means that stores, over time, first and second performances stored in the storage means. reading and outputting means for sequentially reading and outputting information as time passes;
The tone element has a pitch specified by the first performance information read and outputted by the readout output means, and is controlled by the second performance information read out and outputted by the readout output means. A musical tone signal forming means for forming and outputting a musical tone signal, an automatic performance apparatus comprising an operator provided for controlling the musical tone element, and an operator means for outputting performance information according to the operating state of the operator. , supplying performance information output from the operator means to the musical tone signal forming means in place of the second performance information read and output by the reading output means, and forming and outputting the musical tone signal forming means. and a switching means for controlling the musical tone element of the musical tone signal according to the performance information output from the operator means.

(Operation of the Invention) In the present invention configured as described above, the reading output means reads out and outputs the first and second performance information stored in the storage means over time, and also forms a musical tone signal. The means forms a musical tone signal having a pitch specified by the first performance information read out and output, and in which musical sound elements such as timbre, volume, and effects are controlled by the second performance information read out and outputted. Output. On the other hand, the switching means selects the performance information outputted from the operator means according to the operation state of the operator, instead of the second performance information read out and outputted by the readout output means, to the musical sound signal forming means. Since the musical tone elements of the musical tone signal formed and outputted by the musical tone signal forming means are controlled by the performance information outputted from the manipulator means, the musical tone elements of the musical tone signal formed and outputted by the musical tone signal forming means are The musical tone elements can be switched to be controlled based on performance information output from the operator means in accordance with the operation state of the operator.

(Effects of the Invention) As can be understood from the above description of the operation, according to the present invention, control of musical tone elements such as timbre, volume, effect, etc. of the musical tone signal formed and output by the musical tone signal forming means is automatically output. Since a switching means is provided to switch from control based on the second performance information to control based on performance information according to the operating state of the controller, musical tones such as tone, volume, and effects are automatically controlled as the music progresses. Elements can be changed to be controlled according to the operations of the operators, and a variety of music can be enjoyed, and at the same time, the utility value of the automatic performance device in music lessons, arrangements, compositions, etc. is increased.

(Embodiment) Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which denotes an electronic musical instrument main body that operates in accordance with digital performance information corresponding to the displacement of an operable controller; is a performance information processing device that processes the digital performance information obtained from the electronic musical instrument main body and sends it again to the electronic musical instrument main body.

First, the configuration and operation of the electronic musical instrument will be described.

For example, a plurality of multiharmonic sound source signals 31 from a tone generator 1 (TG) consisting of a plurality of oscillators that generate multiharmonic signals rich in harmonic components such as square wave signals and sawtooth wave signals are produced by, for example, electric field effects. The signal is transmitted to an electronic keyboard switch 2 (EC ₁ ) consisting of a group of switching elements such as transistors. A signal generator 16 that generates a digital keyboard signal according to the displacement of the switch K of each key of the keyboard is connected to the electronic switch 2 via the switch SW ₂ , and the signal generator 16 generates a digital keyboard signal according to the displacement of the switch K of each key of the keyboard. Each switching element of the electronic switch 2 is controlled according to digital performance information related to pitch and tempo from the electronic switch 2. The multiharmonic sound source signals 32 selected or switched according to the pitch and tempo are respectively guided to tone color circuits 3 to 5 (TCF ₁ to TCF ₃ ) including tone filters or formant filters, where:
The waveforms are shaped according to the filtering characteristics of the tone color circuits 3 to 5, and are output as musical tone signals 33, 34, and 35 given the frequency spectra of, for example, flute, string, and reed tones. The musical tone signals 33 to 35 are outputted via tone lever electronic switches 6 to 8 ( _EC3 to _EC5 ), the amplitudes of which are controlled between the 0 level and the input level.
6 to 38 are transmitted to the mixing circuit 9. Tone levers L ₁ to L ₃ corresponding to each electronic switch 6 to 8
a digital tone lever signal generator 17 having
is connected to each electronic switch 6 to 8 via switch SW ₃ .
A digital signal for switch control is given to the tone lever according to the displacement of each tone lever. That is,
If the displacement of the tone levers _L1 to _L3 is appropriately operated from the minimum value to the maximum value according to the performance content (in the case shown, it can be operated in four stages), for example, each tone lever _L1 ~L ₃ displacements respectively low,
When set to medium or high, the flute-type, string-type, and lead-type musical tone signals 33 to 35 can be changed to musical tone signals 36 to 38 having corresponding amplitudes of low, medium, and high, respectively. Of course, it is also possible to set one tone lever to the zero position so that the corresponding one musical tone signal is not output.

The musical tone signal 36 whose amplitude is controlled in this manner
A mixed output signal 39 obtained by mixing 38 with a mixing circuit 9 (MC) is sent to an expression electronic switch 1.
0 (EC ₆ ) to the output amplifier 11.
A pedal signal generator 18 having an expression pedal P converts the displacement of the pedal P into a corresponding digital signal, and via a switch SW ₄ is connected to an electronic switch 10 including a switching element responsive to this digital pedal signal. Connected. Element switch 10 provides a mixed output 40 whose amplitude is controlled in response to a digital signal corresponding to the displacement of the petal. An amplified musical tone signal 41 from output amplifier 11 receiving this mixed output 40 is converted into an acoustic signal by speaker 12.

By the way, the tone generator 1 includes a vibrato oscillator 14 in order to vibrato modulate the multiharmonic sound source signal and obtain a vibrato effect.
(VO) is connected via an electronic switch 13 (EC ₂ ). A push-button signal generator 15 having a push-button switch B that is operated when a vibrato effect is desired is provided, and a digital signal obtained from this signal generator 15 is guided to an electronic switch 13 via a switch SW ₁ to control it. Let them do it.

In the above case, the vibrato push button switch B, key switch K, tone levers L ₁ to _{L 3} , and expression pedal P are exemplified as the operators operated during performance, but they may vary depending on the type of electronic musical instrument. It is obvious that the above-mentioned digital performance method can be applied to all of these operators as necessary.

In any case, the electronic musical instrument main body with the above configuration is capable of handling all digital performance information obtained by the player operating each operator, that is, pitch, pitch, etc.
Musical tone information corresponding to digital performance information related to tempo, timbre, volume, and various effects can be obtained from the speaker 12.

Therefore, here, we will discuss in detail the digital performance control means that is particularly different from conventional electronic musical instruments.

The push-button switch B and key switch K for the Bifrado effect can both be mechanical switches that take two states, on and off, so the respective signal generators 15 and 16 are turned on and off by these switches. It may be possible to take out the on/off output from the switching circuit that is turned off.

Since each tone lever _L1 - _L3 has four different positions, an AD converter is provided to convert the angular displacement of the lever into a digital signal. Similarly, an AD converter is provided to convert the displacement of the expression pedal P into a digital signal. Examples of these A-D converters are shown in Figures 2a and 2b.
As shown in the figure. Figure 2a shows A-D for the tone lever.
A 2-bit encoder 131 is coupled to a rotary switch 130 having four contacts corresponding to the four angular positions of the tone lever, so that the four displacement states can be converted into a 2-bit binary signal. It's summery. Figure 2b shows an A-D converter for an expression pedal;
A rotary switch 140 having 16 contacts is connected to the input side of the 4-bit encoder 141.
That is, since the displacement of the pedal is normally converted into an angular displacement, the angular displacement is converted to the rotary switch 14.
The angular displacement of 16 steps is quantized by zero, and the angular displacement of 16 steps is converted into a 4-bit binary signal by an encoder 141.

FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate the detailed structure of an A-D converter relating to the connection between the rotary switch and the encoder. Although the A-D converter in this example is for a tone lever (2 bits), it will be clear from the following description that one for a pedal (4 bits) can be similarly constructed. A shaft 150 is rotatably attached to a fan-shaped code plate 151 having a cover 152. This axis 150
is given an angular displacement by a tone lever, and a sliding member 154 is attached to the rotating shaft 150 with a bolt.
Support member 153 fixed by a pair of nuts 155
to fix. Contacts 159 and 160 that are electrically insulated from each other are attached to the sliding member 154, and this pair of contacts are connected to NAND gates 160a and 160b.
are connected to the inputs of each. On the surface of the code plate 151, two arc-shaped insulating layers 156 and 157 are juxtaposed in the radial direction, and on each insulating layer, ground metal layers 158a to 158c are formed in the shape shown in the figure.

In an A-D converter having such a configuration, a potential Vcc is applied to each input terminal of the NAND gates 160a and 160b via a resistor, and a resistor and a capacitor are connected to the tone lever to prevent chattering. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 150 is rotationally driven to cause the sliding member 154 to assume four different angular positions, a 2-bit (4-state) binary signal can be obtained at the NAND gate output terminals T ₁ and T ₂ accordingly. I can do it.

Electronic switches 6 are controlled by the output digital signals of these signal generators 17 and 18, respectively.
Regarding items 8 and 10, these electronic switches are analog switches that are controlled by digital signals but transmit input analog signals to the output side according to control signals, for example, as shown in Figures 4a and 4b. It can be configured as follows.
FIG. 4a shows an electronic switch 6, 7, or 8 used in correspondence with the A/D converter of FIG. 2a, which has already been illustrated as a tone lever, and includes switching elements S1 _{to S1} , such as field effect transistors, for example. S ₄
1, a voltage dividing resistor circuit 134 having a tap connected to an input terminal of this circuit, and a decoder 132 connected to a control input terminal of the circuit 133. Now the input terminal
Applying one of musical tone signals 33 to 35 to T ₀ ,
The converter output terminals T ₁ , T ₂ of FIG. 2a are connected to the terminals T ₁ , T _{2 .}
When a 2-bit binary signal from S1 is applied, the switching element S ₁
~ _S4 is turned on, thereby generating musical tone signals 36, 37 having four different amplitude levels between the input level and the 0 level.
or 38 can be obtained at output terminal Q. Fourth
Figure b shows a 4-bit analog electronic switch used in correspondence with the converter in Figure 2b, which converts the divided voltage outputs taken out from each tap of the voltage dividing resistor circuit 144, which outputs musical tone signals, to the output of the 4-bit decoder. A solid-state switching circuit 143 including switching elements S ₁ to _{S 16} controlled by decoder inputs T ₁ to _{T 4}
It will be readily understood that the electronic switch functions similarly to the electronic switch of FIG. 4a.

Switches SW ₁ to _{SW 4} are used to switch between actual performance by the performer of the electronic musical instrument and automatic performance by the information processing device.These movable contacts are normally linked, but they are used in the training system etc. described later. When applying this automatic performance device to When the movable contacts of the switches SW ₁ to _{SW 4} are brought into contact with the contacts X ₁ to _{X 4} , respectively, as shown in the figure, the player can control the movable controls on the electronic musical instrument body, that is, the key switches K and tone of the keyboard. Lever _L1 ~ _L3 , expression pedal P,
As you operate vibrato switch B etc. according to the performance content, digital performance information is transmitted to each contact point.
The musical tones or acoustic information corresponding to the digital performance information obtained from X ₁ to _{X 4} is obtained from the speaker 12.

Next, the configuration and operation of the performance information processing device will be described.

In FIG. 1, digital performance information 46 consisting of digital signals 42 to 45 obtained from contacts X ₁ to _{X 4} is transferred to an information compression detection device 21 (IDD), and when a change (event) in the performance state occurs. Digital performance information 47 in compressed form, including a digital signal containing the changes in , and a relative time signal indicating the relative time between the changes, is stored in storage device 22 .
(MEM). The stored contents of the storage device 22 are read out as digital information 48 to the information reproducing device 23 (IRD) and reproduced as the original uncompressed performance information 49, and then sent to the other contacts Y ₁ to Y ₄ of each switch. Distributed supply. Control signals 54 to 5 control the operations of these devices 21 to 23, respectively.
A control device 24 (CD) is provided which is controlled by 6. In this embodiment, an information compression detection device 21 and an information reproducing device 23 are provided, and the digital performance information obtained from the main body of the electronic musical instrument is directly transmitted to the storage device 2.
2 prevents memorization from being played back.
This is to allow a huge amount of digital performance information to be stored using a storage device with as low a storage capacity as possible.

By configuring the performance information processing device in this way, the movable contacts of the switches SW ₁ to _{SW 4} are set at the positions X ₁ to X ₄ shown in the figure, and the performance of the performer is compressed into the storage device 22. Digital performance information of shapes 4
7, and switch it on at the appropriate time after the performance is finished.
Insert the movable contacts of SW ₁ to SW ₄ to the Y ₁ to _{Y 4} side,
The digital performance information 48 is read from the storage device 22 by the information reproducing device 23 and reproduced, and each contact Y ₁
By distributing the data to ~ _Y4 , the electronic musical instrument itself can be played automatically and unattended. In this case, for example, do not insert switch SW ₂ into the Y ₂ contact side.
Insert the other SW ₁ , SW ₃ , and SW ₄ into the Y ₁ , Y ₃ , and Y ₄ contacts, respectively, to create vibrato effects, tone control, and expression.
Automatically plays only control-related performance information,
It is also possible to have the player only play the keyboard.

As is clear from the above description, some terms used in this specification will be defined here. That is, (1) "operators" refer to keys, tone levers, volume control knobs, vibrato effect levers, expression pedals, etc. that the performer operates according to the content of the performance during performance. (2) "Digital performance information" refers to information obtained by converting the displacement amount or displacement state of the operator into a corresponding digital amount; for example, this information is a 256-bit binary signal. (3) "Event" refers to a change in the state of a control between the current scanning time and the previous state scanning time when detecting the state of the control. (4) "Relative time" refers to the time interval between one event and the previous event, △
Indicated by T. (5) "Status word" refers to digital performance information expressed as a key code or serial bit corresponding to the status of a plurality of blocks of operators. (6) "Event check word" refers to digital information indicating the address of the block where the event occurred. (7) "Compressed information" refers to information that includes status words, event check words, and digital information indicating relative time.One of the features of the present invention is that a huge amount of performance information can be compressed into multiple pieces of information in this way. The purpose is to process it by a combination of the following.

The specific configuration and operation of the performance information processing device will be explained below with reference to FIG.

In the figure, each digital performance information signal 42
The contacts X _{1 to X 4 leading to the terminals X 1} to _{X 4} are respectively connected to event detection circuits 62 to 65 (EDC ₁ to EDC ₄ ). These event detection circuits 62 to 65 compare digital information regarding corresponding operators at regular time intervals, detect events as data changes, and send the results to the control processor 92.

Here, as a representative example, an event detection circuit 62 that detects an event related to a keyboard, that is, a change in the playing state of the keyboard will be described. Keyboard signal generator 1
A digital signal 43 corresponding to the displacement of the key switch K obtained from 6 is generated by the clock pulse φ2.
Sequential parallel input every cycle of Tφ2=1/fφ2
It is read out to the serial out shift register 71 (SR ₁ ). The keyboard information read out in a certain period is determined by the clock pulse φ1 as Tφ1=Tφ2/n (here,
For example, the signals are sequentially sent to the serial-in/parallel-out shift register 72 (SR ₂ ) at a period of n=2 ⁴ ). The contents of the shift register 72 are simultaneously written into the buffer register 74 (BF ₁ ) by the clock pulse φ2. The digital signal indicating the performance status of each key read out to the shift register 71 in the next period of the clock pulse φ2 is converted into a digital signal indicating the performance status of each key in the previous cycle at the exclusive OR gate 73, that is, the shift register 7
2 and the corresponding key bit by bit. If even one bit does not match in this comparison, exclusive OR gate 73 produces an output, which is temporarily stored in flipflop 75 (FF). That is, if even one bit of the digital signals compared by the exclusive OR gate 73 does not match, it means that a performance state change (event) of ON or OFF has occurred in one of the key switches. The flip-flop 75 has its output terminal connected to its input terminal for feedback, and if there is even one event bit in the comparison result of the exclusive OR gate 73, the stored contents will eventually become that event bit. Become. For example, for the sake of simplicity, if the exclusive OR gate 73 compares 16-bit digital signals and the result is ``0001000000000000'', the memory content of the flip-flop will be ``0001111111111111'', and finally ``1'' will be stored. That means that. For example, if the shift registers 71 and 72 are designed to store 250-bit keyboard performance information, the comparison in the exclusive OR gate 73 and the temporary storage in the flip-flop 75 are performed for each 16-bit block, and the Bit (block)
The results of each detection may be temporarily stored in another shift register (not shown). As can be seen, in this case the information in the shift register (other registers not shown) corresponds to one event check word. In any case, the memory contents of flip-flop 75 are guided to OR gate 66.

The input terminal of the OR gate 66 is connected not only to the event output of the keyboard event detection circuit 62 but also to other vibrato switches, tone levers, and expression pedals that perform similar detection operations in parallel with this detection circuit 62. Event detection circuit 6
Event outputs 3, 64, and 65 are led, and the result of the OR logic is outputted at the AND gate 67 as a storage request signal, that is, a request store signal 100 in synchronization with the clock pulse φ2.

It is also driven by a clock pulse φ2 to indicate the relative time between event signals, and the processor 92
A counter 61 is provided which is cleared by the output CP (not shown on the processor 92 side). That is, the counter 61 constantly counts the clock pulse φ2, which is output from the control processor 92 upon generation of the request store signal 100. Therefore, it is cleared every time an event signal is sent out from each of the detection circuits 62 to 65. In this way, the count value immediately before the counter 61 is reset by the generation of an event signal, then counts the clock pulse φ2, and is reset again by the generation of the next event signal is the same as that from the previous event signal generation to the current event signal generation. corresponds to the time up to the time. The count value of the counter 61 represents the elapsed time since the previous event signal was generated.

In this way, events for performance information (eg, 512 bits) for all movable members are detected.

The control processor 92 (CP) is driven by the request store signal 100 based on the event detected as described above. This control processor 92 performs, for example, 8-bit parallel processing, and performs logical operations, arithmetic operations,
In addition to general functions such as data transfer and jump, the value of the program counter can be arbitrarily set using an external signal using instructions stored in the read-on memory 91 (ROM). That is, the control processor 92 (CP) executes the first-in first-out memory 93 (FIFO ₁ ) using the command signal 112 in accordance with the command of the read-only memory 91 (ROM) in which information processing procedures or commands are stored in advance. When the request store signal 100 is applied, the event relative time 101 of the counter 61 and the buffer register 7
4 and contents 103 to 105 of the other detection circuits 63 to 65, a word corresponding to a certain bit of "1" in the shift register in which detection results of every 16 bits are stored is stored. Each time this storage is completed, the counter 61 and flip-flop 75 are cleared by a clear pulse CP, and one sequence of checks is completed. Then, the above-described detection and storage operation is repeated over the entire performance process of the electronic musical instrument main body. The FIFO ₁ 93 is a type of temporary storage device that outputs the information inputted first, and the control processor 92 periodically outputs the stored information 1 every time the storage contents of the FIFO ₁ 93 reach a predetermined amount.
10 to the cassette tape memory 94 by command signals 112 and 113.
control.

In this way, all the performance information is stored on the cassette tape in the cassette tape memory 94 in a compressed form that includes digital signals that include changes in the performance state when they occur and relative time signals that indicate the relative times between the changes. The information is stored in the form of a compressed event matrix (i.e., a compressed information data format). In this case, in order to store irregularly compressed information in a simple memory 94 capable of long-term storage,
It is extremely advantageous to provide FIFO memory 93 before memory 94. Furthermore, it is understood that storing such a huge amount of performance information in a compressed form is extremely effective in reducing the storage capacity of the memories 93 and 94. For example, in an automatic performance system that displays all performance information as a 512-bit binary signal, considering that at most only a few dozen bits change during the actual performance, the compression detection storage method described above is The importance of reducing capacity and thus simplifying the overall device and reducing costs is clear.

The above is the structure and operation of the system for compressing, detecting and storing digital performance information. Next, the structure and operation of the system for reproducing the stored digital performance information will be described.

In the cassette tape memory 94, the compressed digital performance information is stored as event relative times ΔT ₁ to ΔTn, as shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b.
Event matrix 1 including an event check word that indicates the address of the buffer register where the event occurred, and a status word that indicates the contents of the buffer register when the event occurred.
It is stored in the form of ~n. These event matrix information 111 are sequentially and regularly stored in the Afeast In First Out buffer memory 95 (FIFO ₂ ).
is read out. This reading operation is controlled by the control processor 92 using command signals 113 and 1.
14 is used.

In this performance information reproducing device, performance information 1 of pitches related to the keyboard is stored in a parallel-in/serial-out shift register 87 (SR ₃ ) from the memory 95.
16. Parallel in-parallel out buffer register 82 (BF ₃ ) contains information 117 about the presence or absence of vibrato effect, parallel in-parallel out buffer register 83 (BF ₄ ) contains tone lever-related timbre information 118, The parallel in-parallel out buffer register 84 ( _BF5 ) contains expression pedal-related volume information 119,
Event relative time information 120 is distributed and read out from the counter 85 (CT ₃ ).

Control processor 92 reads commands from memory 91 and outputs command signals 113, 114, 11.
5, memories 94, 95 and counter 8, respectively.
8 (CT ₂ ) and shift control register 90
(SCR) control. The serial in-parallel out shift register 86 ( _SR4 ) is provided to perform modifications such as automatic modulation and tempo changes, which will be explained later.
Parallel out buffer register 81 (BF ₂ )
is for performing a buffering effect when transferring keyboard information to the main body of the electronic musical instrument. In the AND gate 89, the shift control register 90
The supply of clock pulse .phi.3 is controlled in accordance with the command signal read out, and its output signal 125 becomes a shift control signal for shift registers 86 and 87 and is counted by counter 88 at the same time.
Counter 88 clears register 90 with its ripple clock signal 127.

In order to reproduce the performance information, first, the signal of the event relative time ΔT ₁ is read to the counter 85 (CT ₃ ), and the counter 85 is counted down by the clock pulse φ2. This counter 85
is decremented by the clock pulse φ2, and the signal whose content becomes "0" (underflow signal) is sent to the control processor 92 as an information request signal, that is, a request data signal 121. The control processor 92 receives this signal 1.
21, the contents of the event matrix are first checked from the address indicated by the event check word, and the parallel-in/serial-out shift register 87 ( _SR3 ) having the corresponding address is checked.
and buffer registers 82 to 84 (BF ₃ to _{BF 5} )
instructs memory 95 to write the status word to . Further, the counter 85 similarly counts down the event relative time ΔT ₂ so that the contents of the registers 87, 82 to 84 that have been written are held until the contents become zero. In this way, the counter 85 counts the event relative time to detect the event, and by reading out the status word containing the event bit corresponding to the event, information related to pitch, timbre, effect, and tempo can be obtained. becomes possible to play.

Shift registers 86 and 87 have four functions: clock inhibit, right shift, left shift, and parallel load.
These modes are independently controlled by a signal 128 from shift control register 90. During the operation modes of the shift registers 86 and 87, (a) clock input is a state in which the clock input is cut off and the data contents do not change, (b) right shift is a state in which data is shifted to the right, and (c) left is a state in which the data contents are not changed. Shift indicates a state in which data is shifted to the left, and (d) Parallel load indicates a state in which parallel data is input from the outside.

Now, to describe the operation of transferring the keyboard information 81 to the keyboard information 124 to the buffer register 81, (1) load the shift register 87 in parallel, (2) write a status word as predetermined information to the shift register 87, (3) Write the number of bits to be transferred to the counter 88, that is, the number of bits in the shift registers 86 and 87, and set the shift registers 86 and 87 to right shift mode by the shift control register 90, so that the counter 88 can count down. This transfer and counting is performed by clock 125. In this case, the ripple clock signal 12 generated when the transfer ends and the counter 88 becomes 0.
7 clears shift control register 90, counter 88 and shift registers 86, 87
stop the operation. The above operations are related to faithful reproduction, but if modulation-modified reproduction is required, the following may be performed.

First, let us consider the case of transposing. In this case, the key information is stored in the shift register 86 in a normal state due to the operations (1) to (3) described above. However,
Since each bit of the shift register 86 accurately corresponds to the information of each key, for example, in order to transpose the key a semitone higher, it is sufficient to shift the contents of the shift register 86 to the right by one bit. That is,
Depending on how many bits the contents of the shift register 86 are shifted to the right or left, the number of times the key is transposed to the treble side or to the bass side is determined.

However, in order to perform the specified transposition, it is necessary to
Following the operation (3), further (4) write a predetermined shift number (frequency to be modulated) to the counter 88,
(5) The shift register 86 may be set to a right shift or left shift mode according to a predetermined modulation direction, the shift register 87 may be set to a clock input mode, and the counter 88 may be enabled to count.

Furthermore, by rearranging the contents of the shift register 86 in a completely reverse order, it is possible to obtain a very special effect as if the keyboard was played with the left and right sides completely reversed, and this is called reverse keying. If this reverse adjustment is necessary, in (3) above, shift register 87 is set to right shift mode, and shift register 87 is set to right shift mode.
6 to the left shift mode, and perform the same operations thereafter.

Next, you can perform modified playback that changes the tempo of the song. In order to change the tempo of a song, it is sufficient to change the event relative time ΔT related to the keyboard information. In other words, changing ΔT changes the speed at which the key (note) changes, increasing ΔT slows down the tempo, and shortening ΔT speeds up tempo. For this purpose, the clock pulse φ2 of the counter 85 is
All you have to do is make the frequency variable and control it manually. That is, for example, if the frequency of the clock pulse φ2 to the counter 85 is increased, the request data signal 121 is outputted from the counter 85 more quickly. Therefore, the status words written to shift register 87, counter 88, and register 90 change quickly.
Alternatively, in the control processor 92, the event relative time ΔT is multiplied by an arbitrary constant α, and the value ΔT′=αΔT is written to the counter 85.
can achieve similar objectives. As described above, information related to pitch and tempo is read to buffer register 81.

On the other hand, information related to effects, timbre, and volume are read out to buffer registers 82, 83, and 84 at each change (event) time indicated by the relative time signal.

After all, each buffer register 81 to 84 reproduces digital performance information about the arrangement position and state of the corresponding operator on the main body of the electronic musical instrument.
By periodically distributing and supplying the contents of each register to the corresponding contacts _Y1 to _Y4 using a clock pulse φ2, musical tone information corresponding to stored performance information can be reproduced through the main body of the electronic musical instrument.

In the above embodiment, it is of course possible to use a known storage device such as a disk, a semiconductor memory, a magnetic tape, or an optical card in place of the memory 94, and the internal logic circuit configuration of the information processing device may also be the same as described above. Various circuits solved by Boolean algebra can be substituted as desired without being limited to the embodiments. Furthermore, it will be obvious that a known computer can be applied to the information processing device without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

As described above, according to the above embodiment, the following excellent effects are expected.

(1) Since the system is configured to detect, store, and reproduce digital performance information according to the displacement of a plurality of operators, it is possible to perform performance playback with extremely high fidelity, and it is also possible to perform modified playback as appropriate.

(2) By digitally processing a huge amount of performance information, the storage capacity of the performance information storage device can be reduced.

(3) By extracting digital performance information from all the operators, no hand is required from the performer during playback, and even an unskilled user of electronic musical instruments can reproduce a completely automatic performance.

(4) During playback, for example, by setting a playback operation such that only keyboard-related information is played and other tone, volume, and effect-related information is not played, or vice versa, in accordance with automatic playback,
Performance information that is not automatically reproduced can be given to the electronic musical instrument body by other performers, thereby helping in performance practice, composing, or arranging activities.

(5) During playback, the tempo and key of the music can be changed arbitrarily, so musical instrument performances can be played back at various tempos and keys using only one type of performance information.

The electronic musical instrument equipped with the automatic performance device of the above embodiment having such functions and effects is extremely useful when applied to, for example, unmanned demonstration performance of electronic musical instruments, simulation of electronic musical instruments, performance practice system of electronic musical instruments, etc. It is something.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electronic musical instrument equipped with an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2a and 2b are block diagrams of an A-D converter for an angular displacement member used in the above embodiment, Figures 3a and 3b are detailed configuration diagrams of the above A-D converter, and in detail, a top view of the code plate and a cross-sectional view thereof taken along line B-B, and Figures 4a and 4b are similar to the above embodiment. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing details of the performance information processing device of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 6a and 6b show the information processing operation of the device shown in FIG. It is a figure for explaining. Explanation of symbols: ...Electronic musical instrument body, ...Performance information processing device, 1...Tone generator, 2...
...Electronic keyboard switch, 3-5...Tone circuit, 6
~8...Electronic switch for tone lever, 9...Mixing circuit, 10...Electronic switch for expression, 11...Output amplifier, 12...Speaker,
13... Electronic switch for vibrato, 14... Vibrato oscillator, 15... Push button signal generator, 16... Keyboard signal generator, 17... Tone lever signal generator, 18... Pedal signal generator, 2
1... Performance information compression detection device, 22... Storage device, 23... Performance information reproducing device, 24... Control device, 61, 85, 88... Counter, 71, 7
2, 74, 81-84, 86, 87, 90...Shift register, 62-65...Event detection circuit, 73...Exclusive OR gate, 91...Read-only memory, 92...Control processor, 94... ...cassette tape memory, 93,95
...First-in-first-out memory, 1
33,143...Switching circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. First performance information for controlling the pitch of the generated musical tone signal and second performance information for controlling at least one musical tone element among the tone, volume, and effect of the musical tone signal. storage means for storing performance information as time elapses; readout output means for sequentially reading and outputting first and second performance information stored in the storage means as time elapses; a musical tone signal having a pitch specified by the first performance information read and outputted by the output means, and in which the musical tone element is controlled by the second performance information read and outputted by the readout output means; an automatic performance apparatus comprising: a musical tone signal forming means for forming and outputting a musical tone signal; The performance information outputted from the operator means is supplied to the musical sound signal forming means in place of the second performance information read out and outputted by the reading output means, and the musical sound formed and outputted by the musical sound signal forming means. 1. An automatic performance device comprising: switching means for controlling said musical tone element of a signal based on performance information outputted from said operator means.