JPH0441101B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a working device for smoothly performing comprehensive automobile maintenance work from inspection to repair, and more particularly to a rotary general automobile maintenance device using a turntable. Conventionally, in inspection and maintenance work on automobiles, it has been common practice for a pre-cleaned automobile to be placed in a fixed location and one or more workers to carry out a series of inspections and maintenance up to final adjustments. However, with this method, it is difficult to efficiently inspect and maintain a large number of automobiles that are brought in for periodic inspections and the like. In addition, in order to perform inspection and maintenance efficiently, a method has been introduced in which a series of inspection and maintenance work is carried out while lifting a car and transporting it along a predetermined line. , requiring a fairly large workshop area. In addition, since the car being worked on moves, there are also disadvantages such as the need to move disassembled parts along with it to prevent parts from getting mixed up, and workers often having to walk with the car. do. Furthermore, it may be necessary to perform not only inspection and maintenance but also simple repair work at the same time, but it is difficult to respond flexibly to such requests with line-based work processes. The present invention has been devised in view of the above points, and has a simple structure, occupies a small area, requires low equipment costs, and can efficiently and safely carry out a wide variety of vehicle maintenance work with a small number of people. The purpose is to provide comprehensive automobile maintenance equipment. Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on specific examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a general automobile maintenance system as an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view thereof. In Figure 2, a support column 1a installed on the floor of a building or on the ground
A circular central base portion 1 is formed with the center at the center. A circular work lamp 1b that illuminates the entire workplace is installed at the tip of the support 1a near the ceiling. Further, below the illuminating light 1b, a work progress indicator light 1c is provided for displaying the progress status of each work divided into eight stages as described later in this example. As shown in FIG. 1, the central base part 1 is
It is divided radially evenly into eight stations: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. Each station is assigned to a division of labor that rationally divides maintenance work such as regular inspections of automobiles into eight processes, and each station is equipped with the tools and instruments necessary for each division of labor. They are arranged organically for ease of use. Here, we will explain the maintenance work and rational division of labor in vehicle inspections, periodic inspections, etc. of automobiles. Legally required maintenance work in periodic inspection and maintenance can be divided into three to eight stages of division of labor depending on the scale of the factory and other factors. Table 1 shows an example of combinations of specific work contents and personnel in charge when the work is divided into eight stages as in this example.

【table】

[Table] In this case, normal vehicle inspection and maintenance work is carried out including acceptance, washing, drying, disassembly (steering related),
Disassembly (brake related), inspection of each oil, installation/
The work is divided into eight divisions of labor: maintenance, adjustment, and finishing.
and H stations. If the work is divided into 6 stages, for example, car washing, drying, oil inspection, installation, etc.
It is sufficient to combine each maintenance into one stage, and it is possible to divide the maintenance into four stages by combining each of receiving, car washing, drying, oil inspection, installation, maintenance, adjustment, and finishing into one stage. After the above maintenance work is completed, the vehicle is sent to the final inspection line where it undergoes an overall vehicle inspection, completing the series of inspections and maintenance. By dividing the maintenance work in this way, it is possible to allocate appropriate workers and equipment according to the difficulty level of each work. For example, as shown in Table 1, by assigning specialized staff to the three tasks of disassembly, adjustment, and finishing, and assigning general staff to the other five tasks, all tasks can be completed with the minimum number of people required. It is possible to carry out advanced maintenance work without mistakes. In order to efficiently perform the various tasks described above with a small number of personnel, each station in this example is equipped with an automatic car wash 1d, a car wash curtain 1e, an automatic dryer 1f, and an engine check tester 1g, depending on the content of each work. A parts shelf 1h containing various types of equipment, as well as various replacement parts and tools, and various work tables 1i are organically arranged. An example of the arrangement at station A is shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b. Two annular rails 1j are laid around the central base part 1, and in this example, a tool car 1k is arranged to freely run on it for each station except station B, so that each worker can Eliminates the inconvenience of walking around looking for tools. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a turntable 2 on which a car to be serviced is placed is rotatably installed around a central base 1. As shown in FIGS. The turntable 2 in this example has an outer diameter L ₁ of 18 m.
It is formed into a donut shape with an inner diameter _L2 of 8 m, and its surface is radially and evenly divided into 8 stages to correspond to the 8 work stations A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H mentioned above. There is. If the work is to be divided into three to seven stages, the turntable 2 may be divided as shown in FIGS. 4a to 4e, respectively. In the center of each of the eight uniformly spaced stages, a grating 3 for drainage is provided extending in the radial direction, and a two-post lift 4, for example, for lifting automobiles is provided. Each grating 3
It is erected in such a way that it straddles the Therefore, in this example, in all stages, the vehicle can be placed radially with the front part, which has many inspection points, facing the central base 1, and the distance that the worker has to walk in search of tools and instruments is shortened. Ru. Further, the car wash 1d and the dryer 1f can be run the shortest necessary distance along the longitudinal direction of the grating 3, that is, along the radial direction of the turntable 2, so that car washing and drying operations can be carried out efficiently. At the top center of each lift 4 is a main arm 4.
A is rotatably supported at one end.
The main arm 4a is rotated separately from the turntable 2 by a motor 4b. A lifting hoist 4c is installed on the main arm 4a so as to be able to move back and forth along the main arm 4a. Further, on both sides of the main arm 4a, a pair of sub-arms 4d and 4e are supported so as to be movable together with the main arm 4a, and one end thereof is rotatable separately from the main arm 4a. One sub-arm 4d has a lighting device 4f that intensively illuminates the work area, and the other sub-arm 4e
An appropriate number of sprinklers 4g for washing the upper part of the vehicle are attached to each of them so that they can be raised and lowered. Therefore, the operator must, for example, move the main arm 4a
The hoist 4c and lighting fixture 4f are controlled by the operation tube 4h that can be hung from the
The position and operation of the sprinkler 4g, etc. can be freely controlled remotely, and most maintenance work can be carried out safely and efficiently by one person. Further, using the hoist 4c, it is possible to pull a broken car or an unfinished car that cannot run on its own onto the turntable 2. Grating 3 and lift 4 installed in each of these stages
In addition, the main arm 4c and its attached equipment are all formed to the same shape and specifications, and all eight stages are constructed in the same way.As a result, all stages can handle any work and are highly efficient rotary type. Flow work becomes possible. The turntable 2 of this example is shown in FIGS. 5a to 5.
As shown in Figure b, one stage consists of two iron plate panels 2a with a thickness of about 32 m/m divided along the radial center line of the grating 3 for convenience in transportation and assembly. These panels 2a are mounted between angles 2c framed in a donut shape using various structural materials 2b. There is a net 2d between panel 2a and angle 2c.
is interposed to prevent parts such as bolts from falling through the grating 3 during work. Furthermore, the surface of the panel 2a is finished smooth, for example, by galvanizing, etc. Therefore, the irradiated light from the work lighting lamp 1b mentioned above is reflected on this surface, and the back side of the car being lifted by the lift 4 is sufficiently covered. It can be illuminated with illuminance. Therefore, special lighting other than the central lighting lamp 1b can be saved, and the required area can be sufficiently illuminated as a whole, making it possible to perform work safely. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the turntable 2 is installed in the pit P so that its surface height corresponds to the ground height GL, so that a car can enter smoothly. This turntable 2
is heavy due to its size, but in this example, its support mechanism and drive mechanism are constructed as described below, and it can be rotated efficiently and smoothly. As shown in FIG. 6, vertical load casters 5a and 5b for supporting vertical loads are provided on the inner and outer circumferences of the back surface of the turntable 2, respectively. These casters 5a and 5b are arranged in an appropriate number of at least four or more each around the entire circumference, and run on an inner circumferential path 6a and an outer circumferential path 6b, respectively, which are provided concentrically at the bottom of the pit P. . On the other hand, an appropriate number of four or more rotation center supporting casters 7a and 7b for regulating the horizontal position of the turntable 2 and preventing eccentricity are attached to the inner and outer circumferences of the turntable, respectively. These casters 7a, 7
b are rotatably supported in the horizontal direction and come into rolling contact with the outer peripheral end surface 1l of the central base portion 1 and the side wall _P1 of the pit P. The drive mechanism for the turntable 2 in this example is constructed as shown in FIG. 7a. In FIG. 7a, the outer peripheral end surface 2 of the turntable 2
A chain 8 having a large number of pairs of flanges 8a evenly provided on both sides is fixed to the chain 8 over its entire circumference, as shown in FIG. 7b. In this case, each flange 8a may be fixed to the outer peripheral end surface 2f of the turntable 2 with bolts 9 or the like, as shown in FIG. 7c. A drive device D that smoothly rotates the turntable 2 via this chain 8 is
It is arranged at a suitable location near the outer periphery of the turntable 2 (see FIG. 6). The drive device D includes a pin gear sprocket 10 that engages with the chain 8 to transmit power, a gearbox 11 for speed change, and a gear motor 12 with a brake that can be smoothly started and stopped, which are connected via chain couplings 13, 13. ,It is configured. This allows for example
Even with a single motor with an output of about 3.7KW,
Turntable 2 that can hold up to 8 cars
can be rotated smoothly. In particular, preventing the turntable 2 from starting or stopping suddenly greatly contributes to ensuring the safety of work on the turntable 2. In addition, in the case of 6 station type,
A motor with an output of 2.2KW (3 horsepower) is sufficient. The sprocket 10 has its shaft 10a rotatably supported by a pair of pillow blocks 14, 14. By configuring the turntable 2 to be rotated through the chain 8, which is easy to manufacture, an efficient drive mechanism with little power transmission loss can be obtained at low cost. Returning to Fig. 2, the bottom of the pit P in which the turntable 2 is installed is sloped downward as it goes away from the center, so that the water used in car washing and parts cleaning can drain smoothly. It is discharged into the pit P _D , and is also convenient for carrying out mud, etc. Fluid materials such as pressurized air, water, and various oils are required to carry out the various maintenance operations shown in Table 1, but in this example, in order to efficiently deliver and collect these fluid materials, A rational and concisely integrated piping network has been formed. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, each oil delivery tank is drawn from an oil tank 15 that stores six types of oil: kerosene, diesel oil, gear oil, brake oil, turbo oil, and oil for general gasoline vehicles. The six pipes are collectively housed in the first pipe collecting groove 16. On the other hand, from the boiler room 17 there are a hot water supply pipe 18, a water supply pipe 19, and a waste oil pit 2.
From 0, there is a waste oil receiving pipe 21, from the water source room 22 there is a water supply pipe 23, and from the compressor 24 there is an air supply pipe 2.
5. A gear oil supply pipe 27 is extended from the oil storage 26, and an oil/water receiving pipe 29 is extended from the oil/water separation tank 28, and these seven pipes are connected to the first pipe collection groove 1.
The second pipe along with the six pipes housed in
It is accommodated in the pipe collecting groove 30. The second pipe collection groove 30, which accommodates a total of 13 pipes stacked in the vertical direction, passes through the basement of the pit P where the turntable 2 is installed and reaches the central base part 1. 1, it is laid in a ring shape in the underground area of the tool vehicle rail 1j provided along the outer periphery. As shown in the figure, branch pipes 31 are drawn out from this annular collection groove 30a as appropriate to take in fluid materials necessary for each division of labor at each station, and to discharge unnecessary waste materials. In this case, if each branch pipe 31 is stored wrapped around a drum or the like and placed at each station so that it can be extended to the work area on each stage as needed, work efficiency will be extremely improved and safety will also be improved. be done. A large amount of car wash waste water discharged from station B, where car wash work is performed, is temporarily stored in the drain pit P _D , pumped up from there, and discharged through the branch pipe 33 into the oil water receiving pipe 29 in the second pipe annular collection groove 30a, where it is drained into oil water. It is collected in the separation tank 28. In addition, the second pipe collecting groove 3
Instead of passing through the underground of the pit P, the turntable 2 may be laid in an annular manner along the vicinity of the outer periphery of the turntable 2 in the underground area in the vicinity thereof. Further, in order to supply electricity to various electric devices on the turntable 2, a trolley wire 31 is installed in a circular shape below the lighting lamp 1b. From now on, if wiring is arranged to supply electricity to equipment such as the lift 4, hoist 4c, sprinkler 4g, and work light 4f via the main arm 4a, etc., there will be no risk of car wash water etc. adhering to the electrical wiring system. The durability of the material is improved.
It should be noted that the wire may be led into the central base portion 1 through, for example, the support 1a, without passing through the trolley wire 31, and branched to a required location. The wiring may be routed through the basement of pit P. The maintenance work carried out in the maintenance work device constructed as described above will be explained below based on FIGS. 1 and 2. First, the automobile to be serviced enters the stage corresponding to the A station on the surface of the turntable 2 and is stopped at a predetermined position straddling the grating 3 with the front section facing the central base section 1. Next, the car is lifted to a predetermined height using the lift 4, and each operation shown in Table 1 is performed. In this case, the unique accessories such as removed tires need only be placed in a nearby corner of the stage so as not to interfere with the work. This allows the removed part to be installed accurately in its original position without any hesitation during installation. When the series of work at Station A is completed, the progress indicator light 1 installed on the central column 1a
Turn on the A station part of c. Regarding cars already placed on each stage of other stations, when each series of division of labor shown in Table 1 is completed, each person in charge turns on the progress indicator light 1c of each station. When the indicator lights of all the stations light up, a dedicated worker, for example, drives and rotates the turntable 2 by about 45 degrees at the center angle. In this case, as mentioned above, the rotation speed is so slow that it takes about 45 to 70 seconds to rotate the turntable 2 by 45 degrees, and the movement at the start and end of the turn is gently braked. It is sufficiently safe for workers to remain on board. In this way, the vehicle is sequentially transported to each of the stations B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, and after each division of labor is carried out and the designated maintenance work is completed, H
The vehicle will be removed from the station stage and delivered for the next final inspection. In this example, the division of labor and personnel allocation are designed so that the time required for each process at each station is approximately 15 minutes, so the inspection and maintenance of 8 cars can be completed in 2 hours. be able to. Note that it is also possible to adopt a system in which each division of labor is performed while the turntable 2 is continuously rotated at a very small speed. As detailed above, according to the present invention, the surface of the turntable rotated by a drive device using a fixed chain is divided into a plurality of work areas, and each work divided into a plurality of work objects is turned. By smoothly rotating the table and performing the rotary cooperation, various useful effects can be obtained as described below. (1) A series of divided tasks can be carried out smoothly with high efficiency. In other words, the necessary parts and tools are always organized and stored nearby.
Through work sampling conducted by the inventors, it has been confirmed that the distance walked by workers in search of these items is reduced to about 1/3 compared to the conventional line method. (2) Since a fixed chain is used, an efficient drive mechanism that can be driven with a small amount of power can be obtained at a low cost, and the cost of the entire device can be reduced. (3) By installing a multipurpose arm equipped with a hoist, sprinkler, etc. in addition to a lift in each work area, it becomes possible to carry out a variety of tasks covering all aspects of automobile maintenance. (4) Convenient for managing replacement parts and accessories, allowing accurate work to be carried out. (5) Since the installation space can be used effectively, it can be installed even in a relatively narrow space. (6) Not only can piping for various oils, water, air, etc. be rationally consolidated and laid underground, but also sufficient illuminance can be obtained by reflecting off the smooth turntable surface on the lighting surface. You can complete each task in a well-organized and well-lit work area. Furthermore, the turntable and the ground surface can be aligned at the same height, further increasing safety, and it is possible for physically disabled people to work while riding on the vehicle purlin. (7) It is convenient to put the work object on and take it out from the turntable, and it is possible to freely put the work object on and take it out even in the middle of the work. It should be noted that the present invention should not be limited to the specific embodiments described above, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the turntable can be divided freely according to the number of divisions of labor, and it can also be applied to processes other than automobile maintenance work, such as the finished product inspection process of large electrical products and the assembly process of septic tanks for single treatment. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are a schematic plan view and a schematic sectional view, respectively, showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3a and 3b are plan views, respectively, showing an example of the arrangement of equipment in the A station. Figures 4a to 4e are explanatory diagrams showing other examples of sections of the turntable 2, and Figures 5a and 5b each show an embodiment of the structure of the turntable 2. A schematic plan view and a schematic sectional view, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of the lower part of the turntable 2, and FIGS. 7a to 7
Figure c is an explanatory diagram showing the drive mechanism D, respectively, and Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a piping system in one embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of symbols, 1... Central base, 2... Turntable, 4... Lift, 4a... Main arm, 8
...Chain, 10...Sprocket, 12...
drive motor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A central base, an annular turntable that is rotatably supported around the central base and whose surface is divided into a plurality of working areas, and a drive means for rotationally driving the turntable. In the apparatus, the working area on the turntable is divided radially evenly through the central base, and each working area on the turntable has a drainage grating perforated in the same shape. and a rotatably supported crane, and the work area on the central base has its own work platform and an outer periphery of the central base depending on the order of maintenance work. a tool car for each work area, an automatic car wash in the car wash work area, and an automatic dryer in the adjacent drying work area, which are provided so as to be able to run along the lower outer periphery of the central base; In the provided annular collection groove, annular pipes for all the various necessary fluids are provided, and in each work area, branch pipes are provided for supplying the fluids necessary for the work and pumping up drainage, and a drive means for the turntable is provided. In addition to a chain fixed to the outer peripheral end face, a sprocket provided to be able to engage with the chain, and a drive motor connected to the sprocket via a speed change mechanism, the turntable has a A general automobile maintenance device characterized in that a center holding mechanism such as a caster is provided on an inner peripheral end surface.