JPH0441717A - Partially dissolved, separated, ultrafine conjugate fiber and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject fiber which can locally be melt and removed to be split after subjected to a spinning processing and a knitting or weaving processing to form a fabric, by processing a polyamide and a polyester in a specific state to form the conjugate fiber. CONSTITUTION: This superfine conjugate fiber is obtained by excluding a polyamide having a dynamic viscosity of 800-2,500 poises and polyethylene terephthalate having a dynamic viscosity of 2,000-3,500 poises at about 270-300 deg.C from nozzle (a), taking off the extruded fiber at a rate of 500-4,000 m/min, and then drawing the fiber at a drawing ratio of 50-500. The obtained conjugated fiber has a cross section wherein the polyamide portions has a radial mandarin orange segment-like structure comprising three to twelve segments. The superfine conjugate fibers are subjected to a false-twisting treatment and the like to obtain a processed conjugate yarn. The processed conjugate yarns are subjected in a state of a woven fabric or the like to a local melting and removing treatment to obtain the superfine conjugate yarn where each of the filaments comprises 3-12 polyester pieces and 3-12 polyamide pieces, the total pieces being 6-24 pieces.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention is based on the local dissolution and fiber splitting method (5ub-so I u
The present invention relates to a composite ultrafine fiber and a method for manufacturing the same.

(Prior art) Synthetic fibers (for example, PET, P
In the manufacturing process of long fibers (P, PA, etc.), long fiber processed yarns are produced by both the h method, which involves spinning-drawing-twisting and false-twisting, and the h' method, which involves spinning-drawing-false twisting. The short fiber manufacturing process is spinning, stretching, heat setting, crimping, and drying.

Generally, in order to soften the feel of artificial leather and make it similar to natural leather, it is necessary to control the fineness of the fibers to preferably 0.4d or less. Even if it could be created, it would be extremely difficult to directly manufacture it into textiles.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Many forms of composite fibers have been developed. For example, Fig. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a composite fiber manufactured by Kanebo Co., Ltd., and Fig. 1B is a cross-sectional view of a composite fiber manufactured by Kaneni Co., Ltd.
In addition, Figure 1C is a cross-sectional view of a composite fiber made by Toshiku Co., Ltd. Among these, the one shown in Figures 1A and 1B is a composite fiber made from two types of radial type dissimilar polymers. Therefore, even if it is applied as a production yarn, it cannot be subjected to false twisting, and if it is forced to undergo false twisting T treatment, it tends to open, causing feathering phenomenon, making it difficult to process textiles. .

Also, what is shown in Figure 1C is a seabird type composite fiber braid,
This fiber is also made from two types of polymers, but this composite fiber cannot be used as a multipurpose fiber unless all of the "island components" in the cross section are dissolved to create finer fibers. However, in the conventional melt-spinning method, composite fibers are expensive to remove the "island component j" in the fiber cross section, and the ideal removal technology has not yet been developed. .

The present invention not only completely dissolves the "island component" of composite fibers, but also develops a method for opening and dividing fibers, and provides a technology for manufacturing multipurpose composite fibers using composite ultrafine fibers. be.

In other words, the length ¥1 produced by the conventional melt spinning method
In terms of fibers, it has been difficult to manufacture fabrics such as natural leather texture fabrics, high-density fabrics that are impermeable to moisture permeable, and fabrics that have a skin-challenging texture. The manufacturing method provides a versatile composite ultrafine fiber introduction that is inexpensive and highly efficient.

(Summary of the Invention) Generally speaking, in order for artificial leather to have a softness similar to that of natural leather, the fineness should preferably be limited to 0.4d or less, as described above. In the invention, polyester and polyamide are used as raw materials in a ratio of 20 to 80/80 to 20, and the cross section of the fiber produced through the die shown in Figure 2 exhibits radial citrus island pieces; The center points of are slightly connected. Furthermore, the number of citrus island pieces can be controlled from 3 to 12 islands depending on the design of the mouthpiece.

The composite fiber of the present invention flows out from the hole (a) shown in Fig. 2 at a temperature of about 270 to 300°C, a dynamic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate of about 2000 to 3500 poise during the spinning process, and a dynamic viscosity of about 2000 to 3500 poise of polyethylene terephthalate during the spinning process. Dynamic viscosity is 800 to 2500 points, optimal winding speed is 50
The cross section of the undrawn composite fiber produced under these conditions is a fiber exhibiting radial citrus island pieces as shown in Fig. The number of pieces will be 3 to 12.

As shown in FIG. 4, the undrawn yarn of composite long ffl fibers obtained by spinning is placed on a frame (41) through a belt-type high-speed false twister, and after passing through a cutting machine (42), a first Proceed to the fur roller (43), and then adjust the temperature of the first heater (44) to 1.
After passing through a temperature range of 00 to 180°C, it passes through a balloon control bar (48), a short balloon control bar (47), and then a spinning guide (47).
471), proceeds to the pre-twister guide (472), then enters the belt twisted yarn a (4g), twisting angle 3000 to 4000T/m, belt angle 110 to 1
Processed at 30°C, then self-cut twisting roller (473)
After that, proceed to the second field roller. Its stretching ratio (
43 and 49) is 1.5 to 3.5, and the B/Y (belt speed/yarn speed) ratio is 1.
．． It is between 62 and 2.2. Next, the undrawn yarn passes through a second heater (410) and a third feed roller (410).
Proceed to step 11). The overfeed at the second feed roller is 1.5 to 2.5%, the overfeed at the second feed roller is 2.0 to 3.5%, and the number of fibers is:
There will be 12 to 128 pieces.

After the composite fiber processed yarn created according to the present invention is made into cloth through processing such as spinning or knitting, it is preferably split into fibers by local ablation treatment, and the local ablation rate is determined by The force varies depending on the type of (, generally 10
between 12 and 20% for brushed fabrics;
High-density fabrics are 15-40% and peach-skin fibers are 10-30%. The fineness of single fibers that have undergone local dissolution and fiber splitting is between 0.01 and 0.5%, which includes polyamide and polyester, and the fibers that have undergone napping have a suede feel. If it becomes a high-density fiber, it becomes a high-density fiber that is moisture-permeable and impervious to moisture, and has excellent properties for jackets, coats, casual wear, etc.

In addition, if abrasion fabric treatment is applied, the fabric will have a challenging feel and will be comfortable for women's wear, skirts, slacks, etc.

The ultrafine fibers according to the present invention are not opened and split during the composite spinning and false twisting processes, but are treated after the fabric is completed, and are only opened and split after the sea component of the fiber cross section is locally dissolved. It will be done. A cross-sectional view before fiber opening and a cross-sectional view after fiber opening are as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.

The present invention can also be applied to the production of short fibers.

As shown in Figure 2, the number of spinning holes is 200 to 30.
0 hole, the discharge temperature is 270 to 300°C, the dynamic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate during the spinning process is 2000 to 3500 poise, and the dynamic viscosity of nylon during the spinning process is 8
The cross-sectional view of the fiber obtained by processing at a winding speed of 500 to 1500 m/min at a poise of 00 to 2500 m/min shows that the radial citrus flake shape is accelerated and the unstretched composite fiber is In the manufacturing process shown in Figure 5, the bundle is
Stretching ratio 3.0 to 4.5, stretching 44 degrees 70 to 120°C
, heat fixing temperature 40 to 150℃, drying temperature 60 to 13℃
The fibers are treated at 0° C., and then cut into 0.5 to 5 d lengths to obtain drawn composite staple fibers with lengths of 32 to 1102 II1. This composite fiber can be processed into non-woven fabric or
This results in spinning of yarns with a count of 0 to 45.

The fabrics produced using the fibers of the present invention can be used not only for thick, thin, and medium-weight fabrics (jackets, coats, skirts, pants, suits, slacks, waistcoats, gloves), but also for
We can also produce excellent products such as eyeglass cleaning cloth, vehicle cleaning cloth, optical instrument cleaning cloth, integrated circuits, and even ultra-fine filter cloth, printing ribbons, shoes, handbags, suitcases, etc.

(Example) Example A When performing composite spinning of polyethylene terephthalate as polyester and nylon 6 as polyamide at 285°C, a 32-hole spinneret is used and the discharge speed is set to 10
m/min, discharge rate 0.9 g/min/holc, winding speed 1500 m/min, dynamic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate 2500 poise, dynamic viscosity of nylon 1500
poise, and if the composite spinning is normal under the following spinning conditions, the fineness of the undrawn composite fiber is 173d, and the undrawn yarn is false-twisted in the process of belt-type stretching false-twisting shown in FIG. The processing conditions for 33II are: Speed
500m/min Stretching ratio 263 Stretching temperature 140°C B/Y ratio 1.8 2nd overfeed 2.0% 3rd overfeed 2.5% Twist level 3500T/m Belt cross angle 115° Processed under the above conditions The strength of the false twisted yarn is 11r/
d, elongation is 30%, flood shrinkage rate is 11%, crimp strength CR
was 15%. Example B Polyethylene terephthalate as polyester and nylon 6 as polyamide
When performing composite spinning at 280°C, 2 as shown in Figure 2.
Compressing and discharging was carried out from a spinneret with 80 holes a, discharge speed was 2.67 m/min, discharge amount was 1 g/min, and winding speed was 120 m/min.
0 m/min, spinning fineness of 7.5 d, dynamic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate of 1500 poise, and dynamic viscosity of nylon 6 of 1500 poise. At the wire bundle production facility,
Stretching was carried out at a stretching ratio of 3.0 and a temperature of 80°C, and further 12
After heat treatment at 0°C, crimping is carried out using a crimper, and after drying at 110°C, a composite cotton of 2.5 d×51 mm is obtained. After non-woven fabric processing, this composite cotton can be made into artificial leather or spun for textiles.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1A is a cross-sectional view of a conventional composite ultrafine fiber (manufactured by Kanebo Co., Ltd.); Figure 1B is a cross-sectional view of the same conventional composite ultrafine fiber (manufactured by Kaneni Co., Ltd.); Figure 1C is a cross-sectional view showing the same conventional composite ultrafine fiber (manufactured by Toshiku Co., Ltd.), Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the yarn exit according to the present invention, and Figure 3A is the same before fiber opening according to the present invention. 3B is a sectional view showing the fibers after opening of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the process of work in the belt-type false twisting machine for processed yarn according to the present invention; FIG. 5 is a process chart showing the manufacturing process of the composite ultrafine short fiber of the present invention. Patent applicant Nanya Plastics Corporation

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) The polyamide portion of the cross section has a radial citrus island flake shape, and the outer sea part thereof is wrapped in polyester, and the number of the citrus island pieces is 3 to 12, and the outer part of the polyester is wrapped in polyester. A composite ultrafine fiber of polyester and polyamide, characterized in that after local dissolution, the ring has 3 to 12 pieces of polyester and 3 to 12 pieces of polyamide, a total of 6 to 24 pieces. 2) After melting and weighing the polyester and polyamide, they are discharged from the composite spinneret, the temperature of the composite polymer is 270 to 300°C, the dynamic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate is 2000 to 3500 poise during the spinning process, and the nylon is heated during the spinning process. dynamic viscosity of 800 to 2000
poise, and processed the undrawn composite yarn with a belt-type high-speed false twisting machine, with a stretching ratio of 1.5 to 4.5, a speed of 300 to 600 m/min, a stretching temperature of 100 to 180°C, and a twisting angle. 3000 to 4000 T/m, belt crossing angle 110 to 130°, belt speed ratio 1.62 to 2.2, furthermore, overfeed in the second field roller 1.5 to 2.5%, third feed 2. Overfeed in the roller.
Fineness is 30 to 450d by processing at 0 to 3.5%.
A method for producing composite ultrafine long fibers, which comprises obtaining a composite hair-tied yarn having a fiber count of 12 to 128. 3) After melting and weighing the polyester and polyamide, they are discharged from the composite spinneret, and the temperature of the composite polymer is set at 270 to 300°C, and the dynamic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate during the spinning process is set at 20°C.
The undrawn composite yarn bundle was processed under the following conditions: 00 to 3,500 poise, dynamic viscosity of nylon during the spinning process of 800 to 2,000 poise, and winding speed of 500 to 1,500 m/min. 4.5 times, stretching temperature is 40 to 120°C, heat treatment temperature is 40 to 150°C, drying temperature is 60 to 130°C, and cut into 0.5 to 5 d and 32 to 102 mm in length using a cutting machine. A method for producing composite ultrafine short fibers, which comprises obtaining composite short fibers with a size of 20 to 45 by cutting.