JPH0443734Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] A. Purpose of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more specifically to a bayonet heat exchanger.

[Conventional technology]

A bayonet type heat exchanger has a group of multiple parallel tubes consisting of a heat transfer tube as an outer tube and a bayonet tube as an inner tube inserted into the shell (body). Multi-tube, once-through heat exchangers (liquid-liquid, liquid-gas, gas-
It is a type of gas) and is used in evaporators, preheaters, heaters,
Widely used as coolers, condensers, etc.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view, partially omitted, showing a schematic configuration of a specific example (vertical evaporator).

1 is a skirt (a lowered body with an open opening on the top surface); 2 is a bayonet pipe tube plate disposed in the middle of the skirt 1; It is partitioned into two upper and lower chambers: a steam introduction chamber 3 on the side and a condensed water collection chamber 4 on the upper side. 5 is a steam inlet pipe for the chamber 3, and 6 is a condensed water outlet pipe for the chamber 4.

Bayonet tubes On the upper surface side of the tube plate 2, a large number (for example, 20 to 40) of elongated bayonet tubes 7 are placed at predetermined intervals at each part of the surface of the tube plate 2, and the lower ends of the tubes are fixed (welded) to the tube plate 2. - Caulked, screwed, etc.) and supported upright. The lower end of each bayonet tube 7 opens to the lower surface side of the tube plate 2, and each tube 7 communicates with the steam introduction chamber 3. The upper end side of each bayonet tube 7 projects long upward from the upper surface opening of the skirt 1, and the upper end is an open opening.

A heat exchanger tube plate 8 is received and supported on a flange 9 at the periphery of the upper opening of the skirt 1 via a gasket 10. On the upper surface side of the tube sheet 8, heat exchanger tubes 11 of a number corresponding to the individual bayonet tubes 7 on the side of the bayonet tube tube sheet 2 are placed at positions corresponding to the respective bayonet tubes 7 at various parts within the surface thereof. Attach the bottom end to tube plate 8
It is fixed (welded, caulked, screwed, etc.) and supported upright. The lower end of each heat exchanger tube 11 is opened on the lower surface side of the tube sheet 8, and the corresponding bayonet tube 7 on the side of the bayonet tube tube sheet 2 is inserted into each heat exchanger tube 11 through the lower end opening. Ori,
Therefore, each heat transfer tube 11 has an inner/outer double tube structure in cross section, with itself as an outer tube and the bayonet tube 7 as an inner tube. The upper end of each heat exchanger tube 11 is closed, and the upper end of the open opening of the inserted bayonet tube 7 in each heat exchanger tube is located slightly lower than the closed upper end position of the heat exchanger tube 11. The inner diameter of each heat exchanger tube 11 is suitably larger than the outer diameter of the inserted bayonet tube 7, and therefore each bayonet tube 7 is inserted into the corresponding heat exchanger tube 11 with a margin. Between the outer circumferential surface of the net tube 7 and the inner circumferential surface of the heat exchanger tube 11, there are gap passages at appropriate intervals along the length of the tube.

1 and 2 are shells (covered upper body with an open opening on the lower surface) that cover the entire tube group of the heat exchanger tubes 11;
Attach the flange 13 around the bottom open opening to the gasket 14.
The flange 13 of the heat exchanger tube, the heat exchanger tube plate 8, and the flange 9 on the skirt 1 side are tightened with bolts and nuts 15, and the skirt 1 and shell 12 are are combined airtightly and watertightly.

Reference numeral 16 designates a heated fluid inlet pipe provided on the lower side of the side circumference of the shell 12, and 17 represents an evaporated gas outlet pipe for the heated fluid provided on the upper side.

When steam S is introduced from the pipe 5 into the steam introduction chamber 3 of the skirt 1, the steam enters each bayonet pipe 7 from the lower end opening, flows upward in the pipe 7, and passes through the upper end open opening. It exits from the tube and enters the gap passage between the outer periphery of the bayonet tube 7 and the inner periphery of the heat transfer tube 11, and flows downward in the passage. On the other hand, the heated fluid L is introduced into the shell 12 from the pipe 16 . Then, the fluid to be heated introduced into the shell is
When it comes into contact with the outer surface of the shell 12 , it is heated (heat exchanged) with the heat of the steam passing through the heat transfer tube and vaporized, and the vaporized gas is taken out of the shell 12 through the tube 17 .
The steam flowing downward through the gap passage between the outer periphery of the bayonet tube 7 and the inner periphery of the heat transfer tube 11 heats the fluid to be heated during the flow process, absorbs heat, and condenses. The condensed water enters the condensed water collection chamber 4 in the skirt 1 through the opening at the lower end and is discharged from the pipe 6.

Hot air or hot air (cold air) as a heating medium (or refrigerant),
Alternatively, if a liquid heat medium (refrigerant) is used, the heat medium (refrigerant) is introduced into the upper chamber 4 of the skirt 1 through a pipe 6.
By introducing the heat medium (refrigerant) through the opposite path to that for steam, that is, the lower end opening of each heat transfer tube 11 → the gap passage between the inner periphery of the heat transfer tube 11 and the outer periphery of the bayonet tube 7. → Bayonet tube 7
The flow follows the path of the upper end opening → inside the pipe 7 → the lower end opening of the pipe 7 → inside the lower chamber 3 of the skirt 1 → the pipe 5, and the shell 1
The fluid to be heated (or fluid to be cooled) introduced into the chamber 2 is efficiently evaporated (or condensed) and heated (or cooled).

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

By the way, the heat exchanger with the structure described above has heat exchanger tubes and tube sheets that are used during the initial assembly at the manufacturer's side, and at the time of reassembly after being disassembled for overhaul etc. at the user's side. The process of inserting each of the corresponding bayonet tubes 7 on the side of the bayonet tube tube plate 2 into the individual heat transfer tubes 11 on the side 8 requires a lot of effort.

That is, the overall assembly of the heat exchanger consists of fixing within the skirt 1 a bayonet tube plate 2 with a required number of elongated bayonet tubes 7 erected and supported on the upper surface thereof.

The heat exchanger tube plate 8, on which the required number of heat exchanger tubes 11 are erected and supported on the upper surface side, is lifted by a lifting device such as a crane above the bayonet tube group that is long protruding upward from the upper surface opening of the skirt 1. .

The hanging position of the heat exchanger tube plate 8 is adjusted so that the lower surface of the heat exchanger tube plate 8 is located approximately at the top position of the bayonet tube group.

The corresponding bayonet tubes 7 of the bayonet tube group are connected one by one to the lower end openings of the heat exchanger tubes 11 that are open on the lower surface side of the heat exchanger tube plate 8, as needed. bend it appropriately and insert the tip.

Once the tips of all the bayonet tubes 7 are fitted into the lower end openings of the corresponding heat exchanger tubes 11, lower the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 until they are received by the flange 9 on the periphery of the upper opening of the skirt 1 via the gasket 10. let By pulling down the heat exchanger tube plate 8, each bayonet tube 7 is fully inserted into the corresponding heat exchanger tube 11.

Next, the shell 12 is lifted above the heat exchanger tube group, and then lowered, so that the flange 13 at the periphery of the lower opening of the shell 12 is received on the upper surface along the periphery of the heat exchanger tube plate 8 via the gasket 14. As a result, the entire heat exchanger tube group is housed within the shell 12.

The flange 13 on the shell 12 side, the heat exchanger tube plate 8, and the flange 9 on the skirt 1 side are tightened with bolts and nuts 15 to connect the skirt 1 and the shell 12 airtightly and watertightly.

The assembly is completed by the above steps.

Note that the disassembly is performed in the reverse order to the above, that is, removing the bolts and nuts 15, pulling up and removing the shell 12, pulling up and removing the heat transfer tube plate 8 on which the heat transfer tube group was erected and supported, and setting the bayonet tube group upright. This is done by unfixing the supported bayonet tube plate 2 to the skirt 1 and pulling it up to remove it.

In the above assembly, each bayonet tube 7 that protrudes long upward from the upper opening of the skirt 1 with the bayonet tube plate 2 fixed in the skirt 1 as described in section 1, has a lower end. are fixed to the tube plate 2 in a predetermined mutual positional relationship and are independent, but since they are thin and long, they are flexible and easily swing freely like bamboos in a bamboo forest. The mutual positional relationship of the upper ends of each bayonet tube 7 is not maintained by the mutual positional relationship of the lower ends of each bayonet tube, that is, the mutual positional relationship of the heat exchanger tubes 11 on the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 side, but is randomly is in a state of

Therefore, for each heat exchanger tube 11 on the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 side, the corresponding bayonet tube 7 on the bayonet tube tube plate 2 side is
The bayonet tube group is inserted into the lower end opening of each heat exchanger tube 11 which opens on the lower surface side of the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 which is suspended and positioned at the top of the bayonet tube group as described in the section above. The individual corresponding bayonet tubes 7 are bent one by one against elasticity as necessary to fit the upper ends, and in this way the upper ends of all the bayonet tubes are fitted into the lower end openings of the corresponding heat exchanger tubes. After this, the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 is pulled down as shown in section 3.Therefore, there was a problem in that the task in section 2 took a lot of effort and the overall assembly work took a long time.

The present invention aims to solve this problem.

B. Structure of the invention [Means for solving the problems] The present invention provides a bayonet heat exchanger that
Between the bayonet tube sheet and the heat transfer tube sheet, all parallel bayonet tubes whose one ends are attached with a predetermined mutual arrangement and spacing relationship within the plane of the bayonet tube sheet are individually penetrated. A hole plate is provided which can be slid freely along the length of the bayonet tube, and the hole diameter of each bayonet tube through hole in the hole plate is set to the outer diameter of the bayonet tube,
The gist of the present invention is a bayonet type heat exchanger characterized in that the size is set to be between the diameter of the bayonet tube insertion opening of the heat exchanger tube.

[Effect]

That is, when the heat exchanger tube sheet is lifted up and positioned above the bayonet tube group and the upper ends of the respective corresponding bayonet tubes of the bayonet tube group are fitted into the lower end openings of the respective heat exchanger tubes on the lower surface of the tube sheet, the above arrangement is performed. The provided mold plate is pulled up and moved along the length of the bayonet tubes to a position near the upper end of the bayonet tube group. Then, the upper end of each bayonet tube is
The swinging movement of the heat exchanger tubes is restrained by the spacer action between the bayonet tube through holes in the mold plate, and the heat exchanger tubes are aligned in a predetermined mutual positional relationship corresponding to the mutual positional relationship of the heat exchanger tubes on the tube plate side. The state is kept stable.

Therefore, the heat exchanger tube tube plate, which is suspended above the bayonet tube group whose upper ends are aligned, is placed such that the lower end opening of each heat exchanger tube on the lower surface side faces the upper end of each corresponding bayonet tube. By adjusting the rotation angle posture and lowering it,
The upper end portions of the bayonet tubes corresponding to the lower end openings of the heat transfer tubes are simultaneously inserted into the lower end openings of the heat transfer tubes.

Therefore, the work of inserting the corresponding bayonet tubes into each heat exchanger tube can be done easily and without any trouble, and it becomes possible to perform the assembly work of this type of heat exchanger quickly and in a short time overall.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 4, which is provided with a perforated plate according to the present invention.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a hole plate disposed between the bayonet tube sheet 2 and the heat exchanger tube sheet 8, and each bayonet tube 7 on the side of the bayonet tube sheet 2 has a corresponding hole 21 on the side of the hole plate. The upper end side is fully inserted into the corresponding heat exchanger tube 11. The hole diameter of each bayonet tube through hole 21 in the mold plate is set to a size between the outer diameter of the bayonet tube 7 and the opening diameter of the lower end of the heat exchanger tube on the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 side (heat exchanger tube inner diameter). There is. In addition, in the case of this example, the mold plate 20 is a support rod 2 provided downward on the lower surface side of the heat exchanger tube plate 8.
2 and 22 are held by nuts.

When the heat exchanger is disassembled for overhaul etc., the bolts and nuts 1 are removed in the same manner as before.
5 and pull up the shell 12 to remove it.

Next, the heat exchanger tube plate 8 is pulled up. At this time, the mold hole plate 20 is also attached to the support rod 2 on the lower surface side of the heat exchanger tube plate 8.
2 and 22, so that it can be pulled up together with the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8. The lifting of the heat exchanger tube sheet 8 is temporarily stopped at least at a midway position where the hole plate 20 does not fall off the upper end of each bayonet tube 7 (FIG. 2), and the hole plate 20 is pulled up into the heat exchanger tube sheet 8. Remove the nuts from the lower ends of the side support rods 22, 22 (see the two-dot chain line in Figure 2), and lower the mold plate 20 back down along the bayonet tube 7 to the upper surface of the bayonet tube tube plate 2. .

Next, the heat exchanger tube sheet 8 is pulled up again above the bayonet tube group, completely removed from the bayonet tube group (FIG. 3), and moved to another location.

Then, if necessary, the bayonet pipe plate 2 is also pulled up from inside the skirt 1 and removed.

Reassembly is performed in the following manner.

When the bayonet tube sheet 2 is removed from the inside of the skirt 1, the tube sheet 2 is returned to the inside of the skirt 1 and fixed.

The heat exchanger tube plate 8 is pulled up and positioned above the bayonet tube group (FIG. 3).

Pull the mold plate 20, which is placed down on the top side of the bayonet tube tube plate 2, upward along the bayonet tubes 7 to a position near the upper end of each bayonet tube, and hold it at that position by hand or with a suitable support. Hold it using a tool (Figure 3).

As a result, as explained in the section above,
The upper end of each bayonet tube is restrained from swinging by the spacer action between the bayonet tube through-holes of the lifted mold plate 20, and corresponds to the mutual positional relationship of the heat exchanger tubes on the side of the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8. They are aligned in a predetermined mutual positional relationship, and the aligned state is stably maintained.

The heat exchanger tube tube plate 8, which is suspended above the top of the bayonet tube group whose upper ends are aligned as described above, is connected to each bayonet tube whose lower end opening of each heat exchanger tube on the lower surface side corresponds to the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8. Adjust the rotation angle and lower it so that it faces the upper end. Then, the upper end portions of the bayonet tubes corresponding to the lower end openings of the respective heat transfer tubes are fitted simultaneously (as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3).

When the heat exchanger tube sheet 8 has been lowered by an appropriate amount, the lowering of the tube sheet is temporarily stopped, and the hole plate 20 is again secured to the lower ends of the support rods 22, 22 on the lower surface side of the tube sheet with nuts, so that it is installed and supported. (shown by solid line in Figure 2).

Next, lower the heat exchanger tube plate 8 again, and place the gasket 10 against the flange 9 on the skirt 1 side.
Let them accept it through . By pulling down the heat exchanger tube plate 8, each bayonet tube 7 is fully inserted into the corresponding heat exchanger tube 11.

After that, the shell 12 is raised and lowered, and the flange 1 is
3. Reassembly is completed by tightening the three bolts and nuts 15 of the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 and flange 9 (Fig. 1).

When manufacturing a heat exchanger, when one end side of each bayonet tube 7 is sequentially attached to the bayonet tube tube plate 2, while passing each bayonet tube 7 through the corresponding through hole 21 of the mold plate 20, tube plate 2
By carrying out the fixing treatment, the tube plate 2 with the bayonet tubes 7 in which the bayonet tubes 7 are inserted into each hole of the mold plate 20 is obtained. Therefore, the initial overall assembly on the manufacturer's side during the manufacture of the heat exchanger can be easily and quickly carried out using the same procedure as described above.

Although the above embodiment is a vertical heat exchanger,
Of course, the present invention can also be applied to horizontal types to obtain similar effects and advantages.

C. Effects of the invention As described above, according to the invention, when the Bayonet heat exchanger is assembled for the first time during manufacturing on the manufacturer's side, and when reassembled after being disassembled for overhaul etc. on the user's side, Insertion of the individual corresponding bayonet tubes 7 on the side of the bayonet tube tube sheet 2 into the individual heat exchanger tubes 11 on the side of the heat exchanger tube tube sheet 8 can be carried out easily and quickly. The overall assembly work can be carried out in a short time on both the manufacturer's side and the user's side, and the intended purpose is well achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of an embodiment of a bayonet heat exchanger equipped with a perforated plate according to the present invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 respectively show the handling of the perforated plate. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example of a bayonet heat exchanger, with a portion omitted. 1... Skirt, 3... Steam introduction chamber, 4... Condensed water collection chamber, 12... Shell, 9, 13... Flange, 10, 14... Gasket, 15... Tightening bolt.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) In a bayonet heat exchanger, between the bayonet tube sheet 2 and the heat transfer tube sheet 8, there is a predetermined mutual arrangement within the plane of the bayonet tube sheet. A mold hole plate 20 is disposed through which all the parallel bayonet pipes 7, each of which is attached at one end with a spaced relationship, passes through each of them individually and can be slid freely along the length of the bayonet pipe. The bio-network is characterized in that the diameter of each bayonet tube through-hole 21 of the plate is set to be between the outer diameter of the bayonet tube 7 and the diameter of the bayonet tube fitting opening of the heat transfer tube 11. Net type heat exchanger. (2) The bayonet type heat exchanger according to claim 1 of the utility model registration, in which the mold plate 20 is supported on the heat exchanger tube tube plate 8 side in a freely attachable and detachable manner.