JPH0444527A - Skeleton construction of concrete built-up type basement - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reinforce blocks without providing haunches to the ends of bottom slabs of the blocks by burying reinforcing posts in both sides in the direction of the width in the bottom slabs of the blocks. CONSTITUTION:Underground units 1 constituting right and left sections of a basement G are constituted of a plurality of precast concrete blocks (block bodies 10 and gable blocks) partitioned with the plural number of faces at right angles lengthwise of the underground units. Those blocks are so joined with each that a cut-off filler is laid between alignment faces of the blocks, and they are combined with PC steel materials passing through the bottom slabs of the blocks. Reinforcing posts 50 extending in the direction of the connection of the blocks 10 are respectively buried in both sides in the direction of the width in the bottom slabs 10a of the blocks 10.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] "Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to the frame structure of a prefabricated concrete basement suitable for use as a residential basement, and particularly relates to the frame structure of a concrete prefabricated basement suitable for use as a basement of a house, and in particular, the present invention relates to the frame structure of a prefabricated concrete basement that is suitable for use as a basement of a house. This article relates to the frame structure of a basement formed by connecting underground units in the width direction.

``Prior Art'' Due to the worsening housing situation in recent years, basements have been installed in ordinary houses as well.

Traditionally, the basements of houses were often configured as underground storage, so the structure was also made up of, for example, container-shaped capsules.
It was installed in a hole dug in the ground using an anchor bolt, and then the hole was backfilled.
reference).

However, since the basement of this type of configuration functions as an underground storage, the overall internal size is small and does not fully satisfy the functions required as a living room in a house. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a trend to make basements made of concrete and make the entire room larger.

Such reinforced concrete basements are generally constructed using cast-in-place concrete, for example. First, use a power shovel or the like to excavate a bit wider than the basement site, then spread gravel at the bottom of the excavation, and pour concrete on top of the gravel. So-called foundation concrete construction will be carried out.

Then, the floor reinforcing bars are arranged in a grid pattern, and concrete is poured onto the floor reinforcing bars. At this time, protruding bars connected to the side wall reinforcing bars protrude from the surface of the concrete at the positions where the side walls will be erected. Set it up so that it does.

Next, after the concrete on the floor hardens, the vertical reinforcements of the sidewalls are connected to the protruding reinforcements protruding at predetermined positions, and the horizontal reinforcements are connected to these vertical reinforcements of the sidewalls, and the reinforcements of the sidewalls are constructed.

Next, formwork was assembled on both sides of the constructed side wall reinforcing bars,
Concrete will be poured inside and the side walls will be constructed.

After the concrete for the side walls has hardened, the formwork is dismantled and the space outside the side walls is filled in to complete the construction.

``Problem to be solved by the invention'' However, in the conventional basement technology, the construction work involves pouring concrete on site, so
There were drawbacks such as poor work efficiency on site and a long construction period.

Moreover, in construction work using cast-in-place concrete, when building side walls, it is necessary to provide space for assembling formwork on both sides of the side wall reinforcing bars, and the ground must be dug wider than the construction area. There were problems such as high cost.

Therefore, as a result of intensive research to solve these problems, the inventors of the present invention have arranged at least two rectangular box-shaped underground units with open tops adjacent to each other in the width direction.
Adjacent underground units are connected to each other to connect them together, and the underground unit is composed of multiple precast concrete blocks divided by multiple planes perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the underground unit. This led to the idea that large basements could be easily constructed by joining the blocks, improving work efficiency on site, and requiring less excavation.

However, when a basement is constructed from such precast concrete blocks, haunches with a large force are installed at the ends of the blocks in the width direction to increase the resistance bending moment and resistance shear force at the ends. However, there are problems such as the possibility that the interior of the underground unit may be restricted by this corbel.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to strengthen the blocks without providing corbels at the ends of the bottom plates of the blocks when forming a basement using precast concrete blocks. To provide a frame structure of a prefabricated concrete basement, which is capable of achieving the following requirements and is not subject to any restrictions on the interior of the underground unit.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rectangular box-shaped underground unit whose upper surface is open by a bottom plate portion and side plate portions surrounding the bottom plate portion, at least in the width direction thereof. A prefabricated concrete basement in which two underground units are arranged next to each other and the adjacent underground units are connected to each other to connect these underground units together, and the underground units are connected in the longitudinal direction of the underground units. It is composed of multiple precast concrete blocks divided along multiple planes perpendicular to , and is characterized by the fact that reinforcing steel columns extending in the connecting direction of the blocks are buried on both sides of the bottom plate of these blocks in the width direction. That is.

"Function" According to the frame structure of the prefabricated concrete basement with the above configuration, the reinforcing bars buried at the end of the block resist the bending moment and shear force applied to this part, so it is possible to omit corbels. become.

"Embodiment" An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12.

In these figures, reference numeral G denotes a basement equipped with the frame structure according to the present invention, and this basement G is a rectangular box-shaped two-sided room with an open top surface formed by a bottom plate Y and a side plate S surrounding the bottom plate Y. A type of underground unit 1.2, a frame is passed along the upper end of the side plate of this underground unit 1.2, and a building H constituting the house is placed.
It is mainly composed of girders 14 and 15 of various types.

This basement is constructed by arranging the underground units 1.2 adjacent to each other in the width direction (in the illustrated example, the underground units 1.2 are placed in between and the underground units 1 are adjacent to each other on the left and right sides). The basic structure is that these underground units 1 and 2 are integrated by connecting adjacent side plate parts of 2 to each other via connecting bolts and connecting hardware that pass through the side plate parts, and these underground units 1 and 2 are integrated. 1.
2 also acts as a foundation, on which a building H such as a house is placed.

The underground unit 1 that constitutes the left and right sides of this basement G is composed of a plurality of precast concrete blocks (main block 101 and end wall block 11) divided by a plurality of planes perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the underground unit, and these blocks are joined to each other by interposing a water-stop joint material on the joint surfaces of the blocks, and are integrated with a PC steel material 13 passing through the bottom plate of these blocks,
The body block 10 and the upper end of the end wall block 11 are fixed by two types of girders 14 and 15, long and short.

More specifically, each of the blocks 10 and 11 is manufactured in advance in a factory to a predetermined shape and size, and all of these blocks 1O111 have their end faces abutted against each other, and a Prestressing is introduced by tensioning the prestressing steel 13, which ensures that each block is firmly connected to form an underground unit.

Additionally, joint material is installed on the end faces of the blocks to ensure sufficient watertightness for the underground unit.

Further, the block 10 is formed into a U-shape in longitudinal section by a bottom plate portion 10a and opposing side plate portions 10b, loc.
A sheath tube for passing the material 13 is provided. The present invention is characterized in that reinforcing reinforcing bars 50 extending in the connecting direction of the blocks 10 are embedded on both widthwise sides of the bottom plate 10a of the block 10, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 4, this reinforcing bar column 50 includes main reinforcing bars 5°a extending in the longitudinal direction of the block 1o and hoop reinforcing bars 50b arranged so as to wrap around these main reinforcing bars 50a.
However, it is also possible to form the hoop muscle 50b into a spiral shape.

On the other hand, a girder 14.
An insert 17 for screwing in a long bolt 16 for fixing the bolt 15 is buried therein (see FIG. 6).

In the illustrated example, the long bolt 16. is mainly composed of a shaft body 16a having a male thread and a nut 16C screwed onto the upper part of the shaft body 16a via a fixing plate 16b.

Further, the side plate portions 10b and 10c are provided with FIGS. 7 and 8.
As shown in the figure, bolts and nuts 18a, if necessary,
A joint metal fitting 18 having a structure that is stopped by 18b is attached.

Further, side plate portions 10b, 10 constituting the block 1o
side plate part 10c on the side joined to the underground unit 2 among c
The thickness W of the side plate portion 10b is set to approximately 2/3 of the thickness T of the other side plate portion 10b, so that when the side plate portions are overlapped, the wall thickness of this portion does not become thick. (See Figure 1).

In the embodiment, the side plate portion 10c is provided with an insertion hole 10e through which a connecting bolt 29 for connecting the room unit is passed.
Furthermore, a recess 10d is formed in the bottom plate 10a facing the side plate 10c to communicate the upper surface of the bottom plate with the outer surface of the block, and an insert 31 is buried in the recess 10d, and a connecting hardware for connecting the room units. 3o to concave part 1
It can be fixed at 0d (see Figure 9 and 1).
(See figure 0).

On the other hand, the gable wall block 1 that constitutes both ends of the underground unit 1
1, as shown in FIG. 11, a bottom plate portion 11a formed in a rectangular shape and a side plate portion 11 surrounding three sides of the bottom plate portion 11a.
b, llc, and lld, and in the embodiment, the side plate portion 11c constitutes the end wall of the room unit 1.

Also in this end wall block 11, the bottom plate portion 11
A reinforcing steel column 50 is buried in the underground unit 2, and the thickness W of the side plate 11d connected to the underground unit 2 is set to about 2/3 of the thickness T of the other side plate 11b. Care has been taken to ensure that the wall thickness in this area does not become too thick when the side panels of adjacent underground units are overlapped.

Note that pcg is provided on both left and right sides of the bottom plate portion 11a.
A sheath pipe for all four materials 13 is provided with an opening in the end wall, and the opening of this sheath pipe serves as a fixing portion for the PC steel material 13.

On the other hand, each side plate portion 11b, 11c, l of the block 11
Also at the upper end of the id, as shown in FIG.
Insert 17 for screwing in the long bolt 16 that stops the
is buried.

Next, the configuration of the underground unit 2 sandwiched between the underground units 1 will be explained.

This underground unit 2 is also basically composed of a plurality of precast concrete blocks (main block 20, end wall block 21 ) are connected to each other with a water-stop joint material interposed, and PCm material 13
The block 2 is assembled integrally with the block 2.
0.21, two types of girders 14 and 15, long and short, are placed across the frame to connect these blocks.

In addition, there are two types of blocks 20 that make up the underground unit 2.
．． 21 is basically the same as the blocks of underground unit l, the end faces of blocks 20 and 21 are butted against each other, and prestress is introduced by tensioning the PC steel material 13 that passes through these blocks. .

The block 20 is formed into a U-shape in longitudinal section by a bottom plate part 20a and opposing side plate parts 20b and 20c, and the blocks 21 at both ends of the underground unit 2 have a bottom plate part 21a formed in a rectangular shape. It is formed by side plate parts 21b, 121c and 21d surrounding three sides of 21a, and a reinforcing bar column 50 is attached to each bottom plate part 20a and 20b.
This is similar to the previous block 10.11 in that it is embedded.

However, in this underground unit 2, due to the structure that it is installed between the underground units 1, the block 20 forming the center of the underground unit 2 and the block 21 forming the end wall of the underground unit are opposite to each other on the left and right sides. The side plate portions 20b, 20c, 21b, and 21d each have a thickness of approximately 2/2 of the thickness T of the side plate portion 10b that constitutes the outer wall of the block 10.
It is characterized by being formed in the size of 3.

In addition, in these blocks 20 and 21, the concave portion 80 is formed on the lower surface of the bottom plate of each block, and the PC steel material 1
3, the side plate portions 20b, 20c, 21
At the upper ends of b, 21c, and 21d, there are girders 14.15, respectively.
Insert 17 for screwing in the long bolt 16 that stops the
, attaching the joint hardware 18 to the side plates 20b, 20c, etc. as necessary, and providing an insertion hole 20e for passing the recess 20d1 and the connecting bolt 29 for fixing the connecting hardware 30 for connecting the underground unit. is similar to block 10.11 described above.

To explain the two types of girders 14 and 15, long and short, which extend over the upper ends of the blocks 10 and 11, each girder 14.
Blocks 1 15 are each formed into a rectangular column shape by precast concrete and connected in the longitudinal direction.
0.11.20.21, and supports the first floor panel of the upper building (a house in the illustrated example).The long girder 14 is a side plate along the longitudinal direction of the room unit 1. It is fixed to the upper part by long bolts 16 passing through the upper and lower sides of the girder 14.

As shown in FIG. 12, a mounting part 14a on which a short girder 15 is placed is formed protrudingly on the side of the girder 14, and a long bolt passing through the upper and lower sides of the short girder 15 is formed. 16
By screwing into the insert 17, the mounting part 14a
It can be firmly fixed to the

Although the short girder 15 is made of precast concrete in the embodiment, it may be made of H-beam steel.

By the way, for the house H, for example, a unitized floor panel is laid on the girder 14, and a first floor wall panel, a second floor floor panel, and a second floor wall panel are assembled thereon.
Furthermore, the structure of the house is not limited to these, but it can be constructed using conventional construction methods. It may be a property, a unit house, etc.

In addition, in the case of a house constructed using each of the panel construction methods described above, the connection between the house and the girder is achieved by, for example, providing an anchor bolt protruding from the upper surface of the girder, and then attaching panels such as walls and floors via these anchor bolts. All you have to do is integrate them.

Next, a construction method and operation of a prefabricated basement having the frame structure constructed as described above will be explained.

First, each precast concrete block constituting the room unit 1.2 is formed by casting concrete or the like into a predetermined size and shape in a factory.

Then, these blocks are transported to the work site by truck, but at this time, since the blocks are formed in a U-shaped cross section divided by a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the room unit, the type of block is Two types are required: one that forms the center of the unit and one that forms the gable wall. Especially when configuring a large basement, it can be accommodated by increasing the number of U-shaped blocks. Therefore, there is no need to increase the size of the block itself, and transportability to the site can be extremely improved.

Next, to assemble the basement at the site, the roots of the ground where the basement is to be constructed are cut, a hole of a specified size is dug, and then the process of quarrying the ground and placing concrete is carried out. , the foundation is constructed, and at this time, the blocks are installed by embedding steel pipes 40 that serve as level standards (see Fig. 3 (a)).

Next, the blocks are lifted from the truck using a crane, etc., and then assembled and joined one after another.The assembly order is shown in Figure 3 (B) to (H).
The process is carried out by

That is, the first installation starts from the center of the arrangement (in the example, the center of the room unit 2) as shown in FIG. 3(B), and as shown in FIG. 3(C), this block The blocks 10 of the room unit 1 are joined to the left and right sides of the room unit 20.

At this time (when joining the blocks 10 of the room unit 1 on the left and right sides), the connecting hardware 30 is passed between the blocks 10 and 20, and each block is integrated using a connecting bolt passing through these blocks.

After that, while joining the blocks 20 of the room unit 2 in the axial direction, the blocks 10 of the room unit l are installed and joined each time on the left and right sides of the block 2o, and finally the blocks forming the end wall. 11.21 is installed, the PC steel material 13 is inserted into the sheath hole of each block, and prestress is introduced by tightening it with jacks and fixing both ends (see Fig. 3 (e)). Note that after tensioning the PC steel material 13, grout is filled into the sheath pipe.

After tensioning the PC steel material 13, as shown in Fig. 3 (F), a long girder 14 is installed on the side plate of the room unit, and then a short girder 14 is attached as shown in Fig. 3 (G). Assemble the beams 15 and complete the framework of the basement.

As described above, the tension of the PC steel material 13 and the girder 14.1
After completing the installation in step 5, inject grout between the bottom plate of the block and the foundation concrete, fill the gap between the bottom plate and the foundation concrete with grout, and attach the bottom plate of each block to the foundation. Bring it into close contact.

Then, when the internal finishing work is finally completed,
The basement as shown in Figure 3 (W) is completed.

On the other hand, when constructing the house H-, for example, when the house is mainly composed of panels, the construction of the girder 14.
A building is constructed by laying unitized floor panels on top of 15, assembling the wall panels for the first and second floors on top of them, assembling frames, timber, etc., and assembling roof panels. The following methods are adopted.

The wall panels on the first floor may be integrated by inserting holes at the lower ends of the wall panels into anchor bolts that are pressed from the top surface of the concrete girders and tightening the bolts.

According to the above procedure, the blocks are installed from the center of the arrangement, and the blocks are assembled to the left, right, front, and back of the block. Therefore, each block can be installed and joined inside the root cut hole with high precision. It can be implemented. In other words, in this embodiment, other blocks are joined based on the main body block located at the center of the basement, so none of the blocks will be far apart from the reference main body block. Since the deviation can be made small, the joining work can be carried out with high accuracy.

In addition, in the embodiment, the blocks 10.11.20.21 constituting the room unit have side plate portions to be joined having a thickness approximately 2/3 of the other side plate portions, so that the side plate portions are mutually connected to each other. The side walls that serve as partitions do not increase in thickness even when they are joined and overlapped, so even in a basement where multiple room units are connected in the width direction, materials can be used effectively, and internal partition walls can be It has the advantage that the thickness of the material does not increase.

Furthermore, since reinforcing steel columns are buried in the bottom plate of each block at the position facing the connection side of the underground unit, this part is reinforced, and even without a corbel, bending moment and shearing applied to this part can be reduced. Since it can resist force, the bottom plate part and the side plate part can be formed at a substantially right angle, and there is an advantage that there is no possibility that the interior of the underground unit will be restricted.

In addition, in this example, the room unit constituting the basement was constructed using a plurality of precast concrete blocks that were divided along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Units can be formed and assembly on site can be easily performed.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, the blocks of adjacent room units are integrated by bolts that pass through the side plates of the blocks, so there is no difference in level between the room units, and the blocks of the adjacent room units are integrated. Since they are firmly connected, there is an advantage that the strength of the structure can be improved.

In addition, since the structure is such that house H is assembled on top of the girders in the basement, it is possible to omit the construction work of the foundation that was previously required, and there is no restriction on the position of the foundation. Since the basement can be formed without being damaged, there is an advantage that a large basement can be easily constructed.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it goes without saying that the size, shape, etc. of the blocks can be changed depending on the design requirements. In addition, it goes without saying that each block that forms the entrance to a room may have an opening that forms the entrance, if necessary, and in such a case, the bottom plate parts may be connected to each other. and the room units are integrated.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the present invention provides at least two rectangular box-shaped underground units that are open at the top by a bottom plate part and a side plate part surrounding the bottom plate part, in a state in which at least two units are adjacent to each other in the width direction. A prefabricated concrete basement made by aligning and connecting adjacent underground units to each other and connecting these underground units together, the underground unit being connected to a plurality of planes perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the underground unit. It consists of a plurality of precast concrete blocks divided into blocks, and is characterized by having reinforcing reinforcing bars extending in the connecting direction of the blocks buried on both sides of the bottom plate of these blocks in the width direction. , the following excellent effects can be achieved.

(a) Since a reinforcing bar column is buried in the bottom plate of each block at a position facing the joint side of the underground unit, this part is reinforced and the bending moment applied to this part can be reduced without providing a corbel. Since it can resist shearing force, the bottom plate part and the side plate part can be formed at a substantially right angle, and there is an advantage that there is no possibility that the interior of the underground unit will be restricted.

(b) Furthermore, since the room units, which form the main part of the basement frame, are constructed using precast concrete blocks that are divided along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, the simple work of connecting the blocks in the longitudinal direction Room units can be formed and assembly can be easily carried out on site.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an example of the frame structure of a prefabricated concrete basement according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a house placed on top of the basement, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view thereof. , Figure 3 (a) is a perspective view showing the construction process of this basement, Figure 4 is a perspective view showing details of the main parts of the block, and Figure 5 is the connection structure of the side panels of adjacent room units. 6 is a sectional view showing the connection structure between the girder and the side plate part, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the joint fitting that connects the blocks, FIG. 8 is its sectional view, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the connecting hardware connecting adjacent room units, FIG. 10 is a sectional view thereof, FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the end wall block, and FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the structure of the joint of the girder. G...basement, H...house, 1.2.
3.4...Room unit, 10.11.20.2
1... Precast concrete block,
13...PC steel material, 14.15...Gang beam, 16...Long bolt, 17...Insert, 18...Joint hardware , 30...
Connecting hardware, 50...Reinforced column.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] At least two rectangular box-shaped underground units each having an open top surface formed by a bottom plate portion and a side plate portion surrounding the bottom plate portion are arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction, and the adjacent underground units are A prefabricated concrete basement formed by joining these underground units together and connecting them together, the underground unit being divided by a plurality of precast concrete units divided by a plurality of planes perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the underground unit. A frame structure of a prefabricated concrete basement, characterized in that it is constructed of concrete blocks, and reinforcing reinforcing bars extending in the connection direction of the blocks are buried on both sides in the width direction of the bottom plate of these blocks.