JPH0445228B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improved method for removing odors from human waste input rooms in human waste treatment facilities, particularly in indoor areas of non-open human waste input rooms containing odor-producing wastes such as human waste. When the waste is transferred from a plurality of vacuum vehicles to the human waste input port, the odor generated in the indoor area is automatically controlled to follow the fluctuation in the amount of odor generated depending on the change in the total number of vehicles. The present invention relates to a method for removing odors, which is capable of removing odors at a reduced ventilation rate, labor-savingly, and with reduced operating costs, and stably maintaining the odor concentration in an indoor area below a desired specified value.

More specifically, the present invention provides a method for transferring odor-generating waste such as human waste from a plurality of vacuum vehicles containing odor-producing waste, such as human waste, to a human waste input port in an indoor area of a substantially closed human waste input chamber. (1) Detecting that the vehicle has arrived at a transfer work position provided in the indoor area by a vehicle detector provided at each transfer work position; (2) The vehicle detector A vehicle detection signal from the vehicle is input to a vehicle number calculation device to calculate the total number of vehicles located at the transfer work position, and the calculated vehicle number signal is input to a ventilation amount setting device to calculate the total number of vehicles located at the transfer work position. (3) outputting a ventilation volume setting signal corresponding to the total number of vehicles, and inputting this to the exhaust and intake air volume adjustment device; (3) inputting the ventilation volume setting signal to the exhaust and intake air volume adjustment device, thereby Operate the exhaust and intake equipment in the indoor area at an air volume adjusted according to the total number of units, perform the transfer work to the human waste input port under the combination of (1) to (3), and, (b) The vehicle detection signal is input to the vehicle number calculation device in (2) above with a slight delay from when the vehicle reaches the transfer work position, and (b) The ventilation amount setting signal is input to the vehicle number calculation device in (2) above when the vehicle reaches the transfer work position. The present invention relates to a method for removing odor from a human waste input room in a human waste processing facility, which is adjusted so that the odor persists until a little later than the time when the vehicle number signal decreases after leaving the transfer work position.

In the present invention, a "substantially closed indoor area" refers to a situation where odor-containing air in the indoor area needs to be forcibly exhausted outside the indoor area in order to remove odors generated in the indoor area. This refers to the indoor air in a non-open human waste input room.

Conventionally, methods for removing odors from human waste input rooms in human waste processing facilities have been roughly divided into the following two methods (a) and (b).

(a) Measure in advance the odor concentration when the maximum number of vehicles that can be accommodated in the indoor area are carrying out the transfer operation, and calculate the odor concentration in the indoor area when the expected maximum amount of odor is generated. The amount of ventilation necessary to maintain the amount of ventilation below a desired specified value is calculated, and the amount of exhaust air from the exhaust system for the indoor area is set to be equal to or slightly greater than the calculated amount of ventilation.

By continuously operating the exhaust system adjusted as above at a set constant exhaust air volume,
Odor removal is performed at an amount of ventilation necessary or slightly greater than that required to maintain the odor concentration in the indoor area below a desired specified value when the maximum number of vehicles performs the transfer operation.

At this time, in order to improve ventilation efficiency, some facilities also use (a-1) an intake device to suck in outside air, and (a-2) an odor suction duct with an odor suction port opened from the exhaust device. And/or some facilities have an outside air supply duct with an outside air supply port opened from the intake device located at an appropriate position taking into consideration the ventilation efficiency of the indoor area.

(b) In the same way as in (a), an exhaust air volume adjustment device is attached to the exhaust system set to the maximum exhaust air volume, and the exhaust air volume is increased or decreased by manual operation to provide ventilation according to the total number of vehicles performing transfer work. Odor removal is done by quantity.

The above-mentioned exhaust air volume adjustment device includes: (b-1) An exhaust air volume adjustment device that includes a plurality of exhaust devices and adjusts the exhaust air volume by increasing or decreasing the number of exhaust devices in operation; (b-2) An odor suction port and/or an odor suction duct; /Or an exhaust air volume control device that installs an opening/closing device such as a damper at the odor exhaust port of the exhaust system and adjusts the exhaust air volume by changing the degree of opening. (b-3) In the case of an exhaust system that uses a rotating machine, the rotation There is an exhaust air volume control device that adjusts the exhaust air volume by increasing or decreasing the rotational speed of the machine.

Also, at this time, the combined use of the intake device and the installation of the duct are the same as in (a-1) and (a-2) above.

Generally, the amount of odor generated in the indoor area of a substantially closed human waste input chamber is proportional to the total number of vehicles, and is highest when the total number is maximum and lowest when the total number is minimum. Accordingly, the amount of ventilation required to maintain the odor concentration in the indoor area below a desired regulation value will be at a maximum when the total number of vehicles is at a maximum, and at a minimum when the total number of vehicles is at a minimum.

In the conventional method (a), the maximum amount of odor generated when the total number of vehicles is the maximum is used as the standard.
At this time, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust device is set in advance to be equal to or slightly higher than the ventilation volume required to maintain the odor concentration in the indoor area below a desired specified value,
The exhaust device is continuously operated at this preset exhaust air volume. For this reason, the amount of ventilation tends to be excessive, resulting in more operating costs than necessary.

In addition, in the conventional method (b), the ventilation amount can be adjusted by operating the exhaust air volume control device, so the amount of ventilation can be adjusted depending on the total number of vehicles or the odor concentration in the indoor area. The amount of ventilation can be adjusted to reduce operating costs for odor removal. However, it requires excessive human labor to always adjust the ventilation volume to an appropriate level, and furthermore, since the ventilation volume is adjusted based on the judgment of each operator, it is difficult to always adjust the ventilation volume to an appropriate level. is extremely difficult.

In addition, in method (b), there is also a method in which a timer is used to control the exhaust air volume control device and automatically adjust the ventilation volume periodically, but in reality, the ventilation volume is automatically adjusted periodically during the daytime transfer work. This is used to switch between the amount of ventilation to remove generated odors and the amount of ventilation to remove residual odors in the indoor area during nighttime hours when transport work is not carried out, and odor generation according to the total number of vehicles. Adjustments cannot be made to account for variations in quantity.

The present inventors have overcome the deficiencies and disadvantages of the conventional methods as described above, and have developed a method for removing odors from the human waste input room of a human waste treatment facility that is satisfactory from both the aspects of improving the working environment and avoiding odor pollution. I have been conducting research to find out.

As a result, under the combined conditions of the method requirements (1) to (3) of the present invention, the work of transferring human waste from a plurality of vacuum vehicles containing odor-generating waste such as human waste to the human waste input port is carried out, and the above-mentioned Requirements for the method of the present invention (a) and (b)
By satisfying the delay adjustment conditions, the odor removal in the indoor area of the essentially closed human waste input room can be made to quickly follow the fluctuations in the amount of odor generated due to changes in the total number of vehicles. , can be carried out labor-savingly and with reduced operating costs, thus making the odor removal operation completely industrially advantageous and efficient with inexpensive and easy means in terms of equipment and operation. We discovered that automatic control is possible.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a significantly superior method for removing odors from the human waste input room of a human waste treatment facility.

Hereinafter, some aspects of the method of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining one aspect of the system flow of the odor removal method of the present invention, and is an example of a system using one system of odor removal apparatus.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, an odor suction duct 12 with odor suction ports 11 opened at a plurality of locations is arranged in the indoor area 1 of the human waste input chamber which is substantially closed, and the duct 12 is connected to an exhaust device 9. In addition, by operating the exhaust device 9, odor-containing air is drawn into the duct 12 from various parts of the indoor area 1.
exhaust to the outside. Alternatively, at the same time, an air intake device 10 is provided at the boundary between the indoor area 1 and the outdoors, and by operating the air intake device 10, outside air is supplied to the indoor area 1, thereby improving ventilation efficiency. At this time, it is preferable to adjust the intake air volume so that it is always slightly smaller than the exhaust air volume. This means that the odor-laden air in the indoor area 1 is removed by the exhaust system 9.
This is because it serves to prevent leakage outside the indoor area 1 other than being exhausted by the air.

In the system example shown in FIG. 1, an air blower using a rotating machine with AC voltage power supply specifications is used as the exhaust device, and a ventilation fan using a rotating machine with AC voltage power supply specifications is used as the intake device. Also, a blower can be used as an intake device in the same way as an exhaust device.
At this time, an outside air supply duct (not shown) having an outside air supply port may be disposed in the indoor area 1 from the intake device to improve ventilation efficiency.

The position of the odor suction port 11 is preferably designed in consideration of the ventilation efficiency of the indoor area 1, and the duct diameter and duct route of the odor suction duct 12 should be appropriately selected and designed in consideration of the exhaust air volume and exhaust efficiency. I can do it. Also, when providing an outside air supply duct, it is preferable to design it based on the same consideration.

The indoor area 1 is provided with a plurality of input ports 2 for human waste, etc., and in the illustrated example, a plurality of transfer work positions 3 are provided at positions suitable for transferring waste to the input ports 2.

A vehicle detector 4 is provided at the transfer work position 3 to detect when the vehicle has arrived at the transfer work position 3.

The vehicle detector 4 includes an ultrasonic sensor type detector that uses reflection of ultrasonic waves, an optical sensor type detector that uses light reflection, and a metal detection type detector that uses a metal detection coil. etc. are available.

When an ultrasonic sensor type or optical sensor type detector is used as the vehicle detector 4, it is preferable to detect the vehicle from above the transfer work position 3 due to the characteristics of the detection method. Therefore, the vehicle detector 4
can be mounted at a suitable location above the transfer work position 3, for example at a height suitable for detecting the position of the vacuum vehicle above the transfer work position 3. Further, the detection distance of the vehicle detector 4 can be appropriately set according to the height of the vehicle, and can be adjusted so that the detection position is, for example, at a height of about 1.5 m to 2 m above the floor.

Further, a metal detection type detector can also be used as the vehicle detector 4, and a typical example thereof is one in which a metal detection coil is buried under the floor at the detection position.

In the present invention, the vehicle detector 4 has a built-in timer, for example, and the vehicle detector 4 has a built-in timer.
The system is adjusted to output a vehicle detection signal with a slight delay after detecting that a vehicle has arrived. That is, the time when the vehicle arrives at the transfer work position 3 is slightly delayed, for example, from 5 seconds to 10 seconds.
The vehicle detector 4 is adjusted so that a vehicle detection signal is output only when the vehicle is continuously located at the transfer work position 3 for about seconds.

In the method of the present invention, by satisfying the delay adjustment requirement of requirement (a) above, the vehicle reaches the transfer work position 3 and is in a position suitable for transferring human waste to the human waste input port. It is possible to correct the working position until it comes to a complete stop, and a vehicle detector 4 installed at another transfer work position 3 that the vehicle has not reached.
It is possible to prevent a worker, a driver, or even a passing vehicle passing under the vehicle from being mistaken for a vehicle positioned for transfer work, and outputting a vehicle detection signal.

By satisfying the delay adjustment condition of requirement (a) above, it is possible to realize stable, fully automatically controlled odor removal, which is one of the purposes of the present invention, and improve the reliability of the system.

The plurality of vehicle detection signals outputted from each vehicle detector 4 in this manner are input to the vehicle number calculation device 5 and are computationally converted into a vehicle number signal.

The vehicle calculation method of the vehicle number calculation device 5 is as follows: () By determining all possible combinations of input individual vehicle number detection signals,
A method for calculating the corresponding total number of vehicles: (1) A vehicle number addition pulse is generated when each vehicle number detection signal is input, and a vehicle number subtraction pulse is generated when the input is cut off. Although it is possible to use a method of calculating the total number of vehicles by adding and subtracting the total number of vehicles using these vehicle number addition and subtraction pulses, it is more reliable to use the calculation method using the combination of inputs in (). More preferable in terms of gender.

The vehicle number calculation device 5 can use a small calculation device using a CPU, such as a sequencer, and
Although it is possible to use an auxiliary relay without using a CPU, it is more preferable to use a small arithmetic unit using a CPU in terms of reliability and miniaturization.

Next, the vehicle number signal is input to the ventilation amount setting device 6 and converted into a ventilation amount setting signal.

If the exhaust and intake air volume regulators 7 and 8 used in the system can continuously adjust the air volume by changing continuous input (for example, voltage or current), the ventilation volume setting signal will be the total of the vehicle. It can be output as a voltage or current signal proportional to the number of units. Therefore, the ventilation amount can be controlled so as to follow the increase/decrease in the number of vehicles.
Furthermore, in actual implementation, the air volume may be adjusted according to the total number of vehicles set at a desired number level, for example, "high level", "medium level", "low level", etc. The ventilation amount can be controlled in about three stages.

The ventilation amount setting device 6 has a built-in timer, for example, and is adjusted so that the ventilation amount setting signal continues until a slight delay after the vehicle leaves the transfer work position 3 and the vehicle number signal decreases. Therefore, during the delayed time after the vehicle leaves, the ventilation rate setting device 6 outputs a ventilation rate setting signal corresponding to the total number of vehicles before the vehicle leaves. This is because the amount of odor generated in the indoor area 1 decreases when the vehicle leaves the transfer work position 3, but the odor concentration in the indoor area 1 remains unchanged for a certain period of time under the conditions before the vehicle leaves. This is because by removing the odor from the ventilation amount, it becomes possible to maintain the ventilation amount below the desired specified value.

Setting this delay time is a condition that must be met when implementing the present invention. The delay time can be easily set experimentally in advance, if necessary, so that the odor concentration is below the desired specified value, and can be determined depending on the human waste input chamber capacity, exhaust and intake volumes, and other conditions. However, the selection will be changed appropriately,
For example, the time can be about 30 minutes to about 60 minutes.

In this way, the output ventilation amount setting signal is input to the exhaust air volume adjustment device 7 and the intake air volume adjustment device 8. In this way, the exhaust device 9 and the intake device 10 can be operated with exhaust and intake air volumes adjusted according to the total number of vehicles.

When a rotating machine with AC voltage power supply specifications is used for the exhaust and intake devices as in the example shown in Fig. 1, for example, an inverter is used as the air volume control devices 7 and 8, and the rotational speed of the rotating machine is changed by changing the power supply frequency of the rotating machine. The exhaust air and intake air volumes can be adjusted by changing the air flow rate.

The inverter is designed to continuously change the power supply frequency using a continuously changing input (e.g. voltage or current). In this case, it is recommended to add a speed setting device to the inverter. A speed setting device is a speed setting device with three settings, such as "high level", "medium level", and "low level".
The ventilation volume setting signal output in each step is converted into a unique voltage or current voltage that outputs the power frequency of the rotary machine of the exhaust and intake equipment to the inverter, which is necessary to obtain the exhaust and intake air volume according to the signal. This is a device that converts it into a frequency setting signal.

By using the speed setting device, the ventilation volume setting signal output in stages can be easily converted into an inverter frequency setting signal, and the inverter output frequency corresponding to each ventilation volume setting signal can be easily adjusted and changed. can.

In addition, other air volume adjustment devices 7 and 8 include, for example, () an exhaust or intake air volume adjustment device that provides a plurality of exhaust or intake devices and adjusts the amount of exhaust or intake air by increasing or decreasing the number of these devices in operation; For odor suction ports and/or
Or, for odor suction ducts and/or odor exhaust ports and intake devices, an opening/closing device such as a damper is provided at the outside air supply port and/or the outside air supply duct and/or the outside air suction port, and ventilation is achieved by changing the degree of opening of the damper. For example, an exhaust or intake air flow rate adjustment device that adjusts the amount of air.

FIG. 2 is also an explanatory diagram for explaining another aspect of the system flow of the odor removal method of the present invention,
Another system of odor removal equipment is added to the system example shown in Figure 1 to further improve odor removal efficiency.

In FIG. 2, a high-concentration odor removal device of another system is added to the odor removal device configured in exactly the same manner as the system example of FIG. 1 and used in combination.

In this example, an appropriate number of odors, e.g. The transfer work position 3
A high-concentration odor suction duct 14 having the same number of high-concentration odor suction ports 13 is arranged, and the duct 14 is connected to the exhaust device 8 to locally suction relatively high-concentration odor and remove the odor from the room. Exhaust outside Area 1.

The high-concentration odor suction port 13 is provided with a suction port opening/closing damper 15 for opening and closing the suction port 13, and can be opened and closed in response to a vehicle detection signal. The vehicle detection signal input to the suction port opening/closing damper 15 is as follows:
Preferably, the signal is output after being delayed, for example, by a timer, as described for the example system of FIG. This makes it possible to correct the working position until the vehicle reaches the working position 3 and comes to a complete stop, and furthermore prevents the suction port opening/closing damper 15 from being activated due to an erroneous signal that detects another object. can.

By using the above-mentioned high-concentration odor removal device in combination, a considerable portion of the odor emitted during the transportation work of the vehicle can be efficiently exhausted, so the amount of odor generated in the indoor area 1 is reduced compared to the system example shown in Figure 1. , and the amount of ventilation required to maintain the odor concentration in the indoor area 1 below the desired regulation value is also reduced. Therefore, even if the exhaust and intake air volumes are combined with the air volumes required to remove high concentration odors, the same effect can be obtained with a lower setting than in the system example shown in FIG. 1, and further reductions in operating costs can be achieved.

According to the present invention, by satisfying the delay adjustment conditions of requirements (a) and (b) under the combination of requirements (1) to (3) of the method of the present invention, changes can be made due to changes in the total number of vehicles. Automatically controlled ventilation volume that follows fluctuations in the amount of odor produced, reducing odors in the indoor area of the human waste input room of the human waste treatment facility to the desired concentration, with labor-saving and reduced operating costs. It can be removed so that it remains stable below the value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The attached drawings show the system and method of the odor removal method of the present invention.
It is an explanatory diagram for explaining several aspects of the flow,
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a system using one system of odor removal device, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a system of the odor removal method of the present invention using two systems of odor removal device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an indoor area of a substantially closed human waste input chamber, when transporting the waste from a plurality of vacuum vehicles containing odor-generating waste such as human waste to the human waste input port, ( 1) Detecting the arrival of the vehicle at a transfer work position provided in the indoor area by a vehicle detector installed at each transfer work position; (2) Detecting from the vehicle detector The vehicle detection signal is input to the vehicle number calculation device to calculate the total number of vehicles located at the transfer work position, and the calculated vehicle number signal is input to the ventilation amount setting device to calculate the number of vehicles located at the transfer work position. Outputting a ventilation volume setting signal according to the total number of vehicles and inputting this to the exhaust and intake air volume adjustment devices; (3) By inputting the ventilation volume setting signal to the exhaust and intake air volume adjustment devices, the total number of vehicles is determined. Operate the exhaust and intake equipment in the indoor area at an air volume adjusted according to the number of units, perform the transfer work to the human waste input port under the combination of (1) to (3), and ( (b) The vehicle detection signal is input to the vehicle number calculation device in (2) above with a slight delay from when the vehicle reaches the transfer work position, and (b) The ventilation amount setting signal is input to the vehicle number calculation device in (2) above when the vehicle reaches the transfer work position. A method for removing odor from a human waste input room of a human waste processing facility, characterized in that the odor is adjusted to last until a little later than when the vehicle number signal decreases after leaving a working position.