JPH0446119B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0446119B2
JPH0446119B2 JP3233787A JP3233787A JPH0446119B2 JP H0446119 B2 JPH0446119 B2 JP H0446119B2 JP 3233787 A JP3233787 A JP 3233787A JP 3233787 A JP3233787 A JP 3233787A JP H0446119 B2 JPH0446119 B2 JP H0446119B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
formula
ester
bacterial cells
carboxylic acid
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP3233787A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63202397A (en
Inventor
Akihiko Hosoi
Ichiro Watanabe
Etsuko Kobayashi
Akihiro Sakimae
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Priority to JP3233787A priority Critical patent/JPS63202397A/en
Publication of JPS63202397A publication Critical patent/JPS63202397A/en
Publication of JPH0446119B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0446119B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、一般式 (式中R1はアルキル基、アラルキル基又はアリ
ール基、R2はアルキル基、nは1又は2を示す)
で表わされる光学活性カルボン酸及びその対掌体
エステルの製造法に関する。 式のカルボン酸及びその対掌体エステルは光
学活性を有する種々の生理活性物質を合成するた
めの原料として利用されている。 従来、式の光学活性カルボン酸の製造方法と
しては、予め有機合成的にラセミ体のカルボン酸
を合成したのち、光学分割剤を用いて分割する方
法、すなわち物理化学的に一方の光学活性体とそ
の対掌体とに分別する方法が知られている(特開
昭55−118455号、同56−81557号、同57−188563
号、ヨーロツパ特許公開第79200477号各公報参
照)。一方、光学活性カルボン酸エステルは、カ
ルボン酸を光学分割したのちエステル化反応を行
い、光学活性エステルに導く方法などが採られて
いる。しかし、これらの方法では、高価な分割剤
が多量に必要とされること、この分割剤が不純物
として製品中に混入しやすいこと、分割工程が複
雑であることなどの欠点があり、工業的な製法と
しては必ずしも満足できるものではない。 これらの欠点を改良する方法として、最近、式
で表される光学活性を有するカルボン酸やその
対掌体エステルを微生物の作用により製造する方
法が提案されている(特開昭60−12993号、同60
−30692号、同60−141297号各公報参照)。 本発明者らは、さらに微生物の作用によりDL
−カルボン酸エステルを不斉加水分解する方法に
関して鋭意研究を行つた結果、新たに、エンテロ
バクター(Enterobacter)属の微生物を用いる
ことにより、式で表される光学活性カルボン酸
及びその対掌体エステルを効率よく製造できるこ
とを見出した。 すなわち、本発明は、一般式 (式中R3はアルキル基を示し、R1、R2及びnは
前記の意味を有する)で表わされるエステルにエ
ステル結合を不斉加水分解する能力を有するエン
テロバクター(Enterobacter)属に属する微生
物の培養液、菌体又は菌体処理物を作用させるこ
とを特徴とする一般式 (式中R1、R2及びnは前記の意味を有する)で
表わされる光学活性カルボン酸及びその対掌体エ
ステルの製造法である。 式及び式の化合物の置換基R1のアルキル
基としては、例えばメチル基、エチル基など、ア
ラルキル基としては、例えばベンジル基、アリー
ル基としては、例えばフエニル基が挙げられる。 本発明に用いられる式のエステルとしては、
例えばS−アセチル−β−メルカプトイソ酪酸メ
チル、S−アセチル−γ−メルカプト−α−メチ
ル−n−酪酸メチル、S−ベンゾイル−β−メル
カプトイソ酪酸メチル、S−フエニルアセチル−
β−メルカプトイソ酪酸メチルなどが挙げられ
る。これらエステルのD−体とL−体の混合割合
は特に限定されない。 本発明で用いられる微生物は、エンテロバクタ
ー属に属し、前記の化合物のエステル結合を不斉
加水分解する能力を有する微生物であつて、例え
ばエンテロバクター・クロアツセ
(Enterobacter cloacae)IAM 1624が挙げられ
る。この微生物は公知の微生物であり、東京大学
応用微生物研究所(IAM)の菌株保存機関を通
じて容易に入手することができる。 本発明における微生物の培養は、通常液体培養
で行う。培地としては、微生物が資化し得る炭素
源、窒素源、ビタミン、無機塩類等を適宜使用す
るが、微生物の加水分解能を向上させるために、
エステル等を培地に少量添加することも可能であ
る。培養は微生物が生育可能である温度及びPHで
行われるが、通常、温度5〜50℃、PH2〜11、好
ましくは5〜8の範囲である。微生物の生育を促
進させるために通気撹拌を行つても良い。 加水分解反応を行うに際しては、培養の開始時
又は途中で培地にエステル(式)を添加しても
良く、予め微生物を培養したのち培養液にエステ
ル(式)を添加してもよい。また、増殖した微
生物の菌体を遠心分離等により採取し、これをエ
ステルを含む反応媒体に加えても良い。この場
合、菌体は取り扱い上の便宜から乾燥菌体、例え
ば凍結乾燥菌体、噴霧乾燥菌体又は有機溶媒、例
えばアセトン、トルエン等で処理した菌体、ある
いは菌体破砕物、菌体抽出物等の菌体処理物を用
いることもできる。反応媒体としては、例えばイ
オン交換水又は緩衝液が用いられる。反応媒体又
は培養液中のエステルの濃度は0.01〜50重量%が
好ましい。エステルは水に懸濁した状態で加える
こともできる。また、メタノール、アセトンなど
の有機溶媒を反応液に加えてエステルの溶解性を
向上させることもできる。反応液のPHは2〜11、
好ましくは5〜8の範囲である。反応が進行する
に伴い生成したカルボン酸により反応液のPHが低
下してくるが、この場合は適当な中和剤で最適PH
に維持することが好ましい。反応温度は5〜50℃
が好ましい。 反応液又は培養液からの生成物の分離精製は通
常の方法、例えば抽出、再結晶、カラムクロマト
グラフイ等により行うことができる。 以下、実施例に従つて本発明を詳述する。 なお、下記実施例中の%は特定してない限り重
量%を意味する。 実施例 1 エンテロバクター・クロアツセ
(Enterobacter cloacae)IAM1624を肉エキス
1.0%、ペプトン1.0%およびNaCI0.5%からなる
液体培地(PH7.2)100mlに植菌し、30℃1日間振
盪培養を行つた。培養終了後、培養菌体を全量集
菌し、1/10Mりん酸緩衝液(PH7)100mlに懸濁
した。この菌体懸濁液に(±)−S−アセチル−
β−メルカプトイソ酪酸メチル2mlを加え、30℃
で48時間振盪して反応させた。反応終了後、反応
液5mlを除菌し高速液体クロマトグラフイーによ
り反応生成物がS−アセチル−β−メルカプトイ
ソ酪酸であることを確認した。この時のS−アセ
チル−β−メルカプトイソ酪酸メチルの分解率は
48%であつた。 反応液をNaOHでPH7.0に調整し、S−アセチ
ル−β−メルカプトイソ酪酸メチルを酢酸エチル
で抽出分離した。次いで水層を硫酸でPH2.0に下
げたのち、水層中のS−アセチル−β−メルカプ
トイソ酪酸を酢酸エチルで抽出した。酢酸エチル
抽出液に無水硫酸ナトリウムを加えて脱水処理し
たのち溶媒を蒸発除去した。分離抽出されたS−
アセチル−β−メルカプトイソ酪酸及びS−アセ
チル−β−メルカプトイソ酪酸メチルの比旋光度
を日本分光製旋光度計(DIP−360型)で測定し
た。 結果を表1に示す。この表より光学活性カルボ
ン酸とその対掌体エステルが生成していることが
判る。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the general formula (In the formula, R 1 is an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, R 2 is an alkyl group, and n is 1 or 2)
The present invention relates to a method for producing an optically active carboxylic acid represented by the formula and its enantiomer ester. Carboxylic acids of the formula and their enantiomers are used as raw materials for synthesizing various physiologically active substances with optical activity. Conventionally, the method for producing the optically active carboxylic acid of the formula is to first synthesize a racemic carboxylic acid by organic synthesis and then resolve it using an optical resolving agent. A method of separating the enantiomers is known (JP-A-55-118455, JP-A No. 56-81557, JP-A No. 57-188563).
(see European Patent Publication No. 79200477). On the other hand, optically active carboxylic acid esters are produced by optically resolving carboxylic acids and then subjecting them to an esterification reaction to produce optically active esters. However, these methods have drawbacks such as the need for large quantities of expensive resolving agents, the ease with which these resolving agents are mixed into the product as impurities, and the complexity of the resolving process. The manufacturing method is not necessarily satisfactory. As a method to improve these drawbacks, a method has recently been proposed in which a carboxylic acid having optical activity represented by the formula or its enantiomer ester is produced by the action of microorganisms (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 12993/1983, Same 60
-30692 and 60-141297). The present inventors further demonstrated that DL due to the action of microorganisms.
- As a result of intensive research on the method of asymmetrically hydrolyzing carboxylic acid esters, we newly discovered the optically active carboxylic acid represented by the formula and its enantiomer ester by using microorganisms of the genus Enterobacter. It was discovered that it is possible to produce efficiently. That is, the present invention provides the general formula A microorganism belonging to the genus Enterobacter that has the ability to asymmetrically hydrolyze an ester bond to an ester represented by the formula (wherein R 3 represents an alkyl group, and R 1 , R 2 and n have the meanings described above) A general formula characterized by the action of a culture solution, bacterial cells, or treated bacterial cells. This is a method for producing an optically active carboxylic acid represented by the formula (wherein R 1 , R 2 and n have the above-mentioned meanings) and its enantiomer ester. Examples of the alkyl group of the substituent R 1 of the formula and the compound of the formula include a methyl group and an ethyl group, examples of the aralkyl group include a benzyl group, and examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group. The esters of the formula used in the present invention include:
For example, methyl S-acetyl-β-mercaptoisobutyrate, methyl S-acetyl-γ-mercapto-α-methyl-n-butyrate, methyl S-benzoyl-β-mercaptoisobutyrate, S-phenylacetyl-
Examples include methyl β-mercaptoisobutyrate. The mixing ratio of the D-form and L-form of these esters is not particularly limited. The microorganism used in the present invention belongs to the genus Enterobacter and has the ability to asymmetrically hydrolyze the ester bond of the above-described compound, and includes, for example, Enterobacter cloacae IAM 1624. This microorganism is a known microorganism and can be easily obtained through the strain preservation facility of the Institute of Applied Microbiology (IAM), the University of Tokyo. The microorganisms in the present invention are usually cultured in liquid culture. As a culture medium, carbon sources, nitrogen sources, vitamins, inorganic salts, etc. that can be assimilated by microorganisms are used as appropriate, but in order to improve the hydrolysis ability of microorganisms,
It is also possible to add small amounts of esters and the like to the medium. Cultivation is carried out at a temperature and pH that allow microorganisms to grow, usually at a temperature of 5 to 50°C and a pH of 2 to 11, preferably 5 to 8. Aeration and stirring may be performed to promote the growth of microorganisms. When carrying out the hydrolysis reaction, the ester (formula) may be added to the medium at the beginning or during the culture, or the ester (formula) may be added to the culture solution after culturing the microorganisms in advance. Alternatively, the cells of the grown microorganism may be collected by centrifugation or the like and added to the reaction medium containing the ester. In this case, for convenience of handling, the bacterial cells are dried bacterial cells, such as freeze-dried bacterial cells, spray-dried bacterial cells, bacterial cells treated with an organic solvent such as acetone or toluene, or crushed bacterial cells, or bacterial cell extracts. It is also possible to use bacterial cell-treated products such as the following. As the reaction medium, for example, ion exchange water or a buffer solution is used. The concentration of ester in the reaction medium or culture solution is preferably 0.01 to 50% by weight. The ester can also be added in suspension in water. Furthermore, the solubility of the ester can be improved by adding an organic solvent such as methanol or acetone to the reaction solution. The pH of the reaction solution is 2-11,
Preferably it is in the range of 5-8. As the reaction progresses, the PH of the reaction solution decreases due to the generated carboxylic acid, but in this case, the optimum PH can be adjusted using an appropriate neutralizing agent.
It is preferable to maintain the Reaction temperature is 5-50℃
is preferred. Separation and purification of the product from the reaction solution or culture solution can be carried out by conventional methods such as extraction, recrystallization, column chromatography, etc. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Examples. In addition, % in the following examples means weight % unless otherwise specified. Example 1 Meat extract of Enterobacter cloacae IAM1624
1.0%, peptone 1.0%, and NaCI 0.5% (PH7.2) (100 ml) and cultured with shaking at 30°C for 1 day. After the cultivation was completed, the entire cultured bacterial cells were collected and suspended in 100 ml of 1/10M phosphate buffer (PH7). This bacterial cell suspension contains (±)-S-acetyl-
Add 2 ml of methyl β-mercaptoisobutyrate and cool at 30°C.
The mixture was shaken for 48 hours to react. After the reaction was completed, 5 ml of the reaction solution was sterilized and the reaction product was confirmed to be S-acetyl-β-mercaptoisobutyric acid by high performance liquid chromatography. The decomposition rate of methyl S-acetyl-β-mercaptoisobutyrate at this time is
It was 48%. The reaction solution was adjusted to pH 7.0 with NaOH, and methyl S-acetyl-β-mercaptoisobutyrate was extracted and separated with ethyl acetate. Next, the aqueous layer was lowered to pH 2.0 with sulfuric acid, and then S-acetyl-β-mercaptoisobutyric acid in the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. Anhydrous sodium sulfate was added to the ethyl acetate extract for dehydration, and then the solvent was removed by evaporation. Separated and extracted S-
The specific optical rotations of acetyl-β-mercaptoisobutyric acid and methyl S-acetyl-β-mercaptoisobutyrate were measured using a polarimeter (Model DIP-360) manufactured by JASCO Corporation. The results are shown in Table 1. From this table, it can be seen that optically active carboxylic acid and its enantiomer ester were produced. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 一般式 (式中R1はアルキル基、アラルキル基又はアリ
ール基、R2及びR3はアルキル基、nは1又は2
を示す)で表わされるエステルに、エステル結合
を不斉加水分解する能力を有するエンテロバクタ
ー(Enterobacter)属に属する微生物の培養液、
菌体又は菌体処理物を作用させることを特徴とす
る、一般式 (式中R1、R2及びnは前記の意味を有する)で
表わされる光学活性カルボン酸及びその対掌体エ
ステルの製造法。
[Claims] 1. General formula (In the formula, R 1 is an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group, R 2 and R 3 are an alkyl group, and n is 1 or 2
A culture solution of a microorganism belonging to the genus Enterobacter that has the ability to asymmetrically hydrolyze an ester bond to an ester represented by
A general formula characterized by the action of bacterial cells or treated bacterial cells. A method for producing an optically active carboxylic acid represented by the formula (wherein R 1 , R 2 and n have the above-mentioned meanings) and its enantiomer ester.
JP3233787A 1987-02-17 1987-02-17 Method for producing optically active carboxylic acid and its enantiomer ester Granted JPS63202397A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3233787A JPS63202397A (en) 1987-02-17 1987-02-17 Method for producing optically active carboxylic acid and its enantiomer ester

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3233787A JPS63202397A (en) 1987-02-17 1987-02-17 Method for producing optically active carboxylic acid and its enantiomer ester

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63202397A JPS63202397A (en) 1988-08-22
JPH0446119B2 true JPH0446119B2 (en) 1992-07-28

Family

ID=12356134

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3233787A Granted JPS63202397A (en) 1987-02-17 1987-02-17 Method for producing optically active carboxylic acid and its enantiomer ester

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63202397A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63202397A (en) 1988-08-22

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