JPH0446761Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Technical Field> The present invention relates to the configuration of a fire damper that is disposed in a ventilation duct and seals off the duct in the event of a fire or the like.

<Prior Art> In general, ventilation ducts for air conditioning are arranged vertically and horizontally in buildings, etc., but these ventilation ducts are required to be equipped with fire prevention dampers to block the ventilation ducts in the event of a fire or the like. This is to prevent smoke from filling the building through the ventilation duct in the event of a fire, and to extinguish the fire by cutting off the supply of air to the room where the fire is occurring.

By the way, conventional fire dampers use a temperature fuse as a temperature sensing element that melts and releases the damper when the temperature exceeds a certain level. The ventilation duct was closed using a biasing means such as the following.

However, since such conventional fire dampers use the above-mentioned temperature fuse, once the damper is activated, the temperature fuse must be replaced and reset each time. Since the ventilation duct is a relatively thin pipe, replacing the temperature fuse is not easy and is extremely troublesome. In addition, this temperature fuse may become defective due to exposure to high temperatures during transportation, or may operate below the operating temperature, or conversely may not operate at the temperature at which it should operate, resulting in reliability problems. I felt anxious.

Therefore, a fire damper using a shape memory alloy as shown in FIG. 1 has been devised. To explain the configuration using this FIG. 1, a rotating shaft 2 is provided across the duct 1, and a damper 3 is attached to this rotating shaft 2.
is installed. Note that FIG. 1 shows the damper 3 in an open state.

A rotation spring 4 is wound around the left end of the rotation shaft 2, and the rotation spring 4 urges the rotation shaft 2 to rotate the damper 3 to the closed position. In addition, the rotating shaft 2
A manual handle 5 is fixed to the end of the
A stop arm 6 is attached to mesh with the shaft portion of the manual handle 5, and a stop pin 8 is fitted into a locking hole 7 of the stop arm 6 to stop the rotation of the rotating shaft 2.

The stop pin 8 is slidably inserted into the stop pin guide 9 and the cylinder 10.
0 has a piston 11 with a stop pin 8 inserted therein.
A gas pressure supply port 12 provided in the stop pin guide 9 communicates with the inside of the cylinder 10 on the left side of the piston 11.

On the right side of the stop pin 8 are spring seats 12a and 12b.
A plunger portion 13 is formed, and the left side of the plunger portion 13 is housed in a case 14 and is fitted with a coil spring 15 that biases the stop pin 8 leftward, and the right side of the plunger portion 13 has an opening 16. It is housed in a case 17, and a shape memory member 18 formed in the shape of a coil spring is attached to the plunger portion 13 within the case 17.

This shape memory member 18 is made of a shape memory alloy that has the function of deforming into a pre-memorized shape when a predetermined temperature is reached, and is relatively soft at room temperature and deforms plastically as shown in the figure. When heated to a predetermined storage temperature, it expands in the axial direction and becomes rigid.

Next, to explain the operation, when the temperature inside the duct 1 is room temperature, the shape memory member 18 is easily plastically deformed by external force, so the tip of the stop pin 8 is pushed into the locking hole of the stop arm 6 by the pressure of the coil spring 15. By stopping the rotation of the stop arm 6, the rotation of the rotation shaft 2 by the rotation spring 4 is stopped via the shaft portion of the manual handle 5, and the damper 3 is locked in the open position.

Next, a fire broke out and spread inside duct 1.
As the temperature inside the duct 1 rises, the temperature of the shape memory member 18 interposed within the duct 1 also rises, and when a predetermined temperature is reached, the shape memory member 18 deforms into the memorized shape. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape memory member 18 is deformed to extend in the axial direction, and the spring seat 12b of the stop pin 8
is pushed to the right, so that the stop pin 8 is pulled in against the coil spring 15 and the stop arm 6 is released.

By releasing the lock, the rotating shaft 2 is rotated by the repulsive force of the rotating spring 4, and the damper 3 moves to the closed position to partition the inside of the duct 1, thereby preventing the spread of fire caused by the fire inside the damper 1.

Shape memory member 18 once activated in this way
When the temperature inside the duct 1 returns to room temperature, it becomes easily plastically deformed by external force, and can be reused by returning the stop arm 6 to the protruding position of the stop pin 8 using the manual handle 5 and fitting it. .

However, in general, in a fire prevention damper, the rotary spring 4 is required to have an elastic force sufficient to close the damper 3, and when the stop pin 8 is operated, a frictional force is generated between the stop arm 6 and the stop pin 8 that resists the operation. The member 18 needs to generate a force not only against the elastic force of the coil spring 15 but also against the frictional force.

On the other hand, the shapes and sizes of ventilation ducts vary widely, and the frictional force is quite large in large fire dampers installed in factories, etc., so it is recommended to use shape memory alloy springs to generate the force to resist this frictional force. is impossible considering the performance of shape memory alloys. It is also said that a fire damper used for air conditioning in ordinary homes requires a force of 6 kg to resist the frictional force, and in order to make a shape memory alloy spring that can generate this much force, the spring must have a large wire diameter. Of course, if a large spring with a thick strand diameter is used, not only will the material cost increase, but the device will also become larger, which is not desirable.

Moreover, when the wire diameter is large, the elastic force of the shape memory alloy member 18 is large even in the low temperature phase, so it is difficult to set the elastic force of the coil spring 15 to counter this.

<Purpose> The present invention has been developed in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fire damper that is compact, has excellent performance, and has stable operation.

<Example> Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 2.

2 to 4, 19 is a ventilation duct having a circular cross section, 20 is a damper that opens and closes this duct 19, and 21 is a support shaft that rotatably supports this damper 20. 21 is disposed horizontally and is rotatably supported by penetrating the duct 1 at both ends. Also, 2
Reference numeral 2 is an upright piece having a semicircular arc shape and disposed above and below the duct 19, which improves sealing performance when the damper 20 is closed, and also serves as a stopper to prevent the damper 20 from over-rotating.

23 is a torsion coil spring provided at the right end of the support shaft 21, and this torsion coil spring 2
3 has one end locked to the support shaft 21 side and the other end locked to the duct 19 side, and urges the support shaft 21 to rotate in the direction in which the damper 20 is closed. A cover 24 protects the right end of the support shaft 21 on which the torsion coil spring 23 is provided.

25 is an operating lever provided on the left end side of the support shaft 21, and this operating lever 25 has a cylindrical portion 25a fixedly fitted to the support shaft 21;
It is composed of a rod-shaped stop arm 25b that is integrally connected to this cylindrical portion 25a, and this operating lever 25 can be attached to the support shaft 25 without slipping.
It rotates integrally with 1.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a stopper device provided at the lower part of the duct 19. This stopper device 26 regulates or releases the rotation of the stop arm 25b.
It is fixed by being screwed into a threaded tube 27 that is formed integrally and protrudingly from the lower part of 9.

To explain the structure of the stopper device 26 in detail, the stopper device 26 includes a plug portion 28 that is screwed into the threaded pipe 27, and one end supported by the plug portion 28 and inserted horizontally into the duct 19. The case 29 is disposed coaxially with the case 29, and is slidably supported in the left-right direction by passing one end through the bearing hole 30 of the plug part 28 and passing the other end through the tip of the case 29. a shaft portion 31;
This shaft portion 31 is moved toward the right in FIGS. 2 and 4, that is, between the left end of the shaft portion 31 and the stop arm 2 of the operating lever 25.
5b, and a spring 32 that biases the protrusion from the stopper 28 in a direction to retract it to release the contact with the stopper 5b.
2, a pin 34 that engages with this hook 33 and is integrally provided on the shaft portion 31, and a pin 34 that engages with this hook 33 and is integrally protruded from the shaft portion 31; Connect to one end and connect the other end to case 2
9 Spring of shape memory member fixed inside (hereinafter referred to as
(referred to as an SMA coil) 35, and a bias spring 36 that rotates the hook 33 in the opposite direction against the force of the SMA coil 35 during steady state to maintain engagement between the hook 33 and the engagement pin 34. .

The plug portion 28 has a thread cut on its outer surface, and when screwed into the screw tube 27, the plug portion 28 airtightly seals the screw tube 27 and supports the case 29 in a cantilevered manner.

The case 29 includes the shaft portion 31, the spring 32,
Pin 34, SMA coil 35, bias spring 36
SMA coil 3
There is an opening 37 on the tip side where case 5 is stored.
The air flowing through the duct 19 through the openings 37 is provided on both sides of the SMA coil 3.
5 is provided in the case 29.

The shaft portion 31 is housed in the case 29 and supported so as to be able to slide freely in the left and right direction, and when the protruding left end comes into contact with the stop arm, the support shaft 21 is rotated by the action of the torsion coil spring 23. As a result, the damper 20 keeps the duct 19 open.

As shown in FIG. 4, this shaft portion 31 has a rod shape, and is integrally provided with a flange-shaped portion 38 formed in the center so that its outer circumference is close to the inner surface of the case 29.
The spring 32 is compressed between the brim portion 38 and the plug portion 28 . Further, the pin 34 is integrally provided to protrude in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft portion 31, and when attached to the case 29, the pin 34 is attached to the case 29.
The tip protrudes from one side of an opening 37 formed on the tip side.

The spring 32 is compressed between the brim portion 38 and the stopper portion 28 to bias the shaft portion 31 in the right direction, that is, in the direction of releasing the rotation of the stop arm 25b. .

The hook 33 is rotatably attached to the outer surface of the case 29 with a support pin 39, and
As shown in FIG. 5, it has an L-shape consisting of a horizontal piece a and a vertical piece b, and the horizontal piece a has the above-mentioned opening 37.
A protruding piece 40 is provided which engages the more protruding pin 34. Also, one end of the SMA coil 35 is connected to the vertical piece b of this hook 33, and one end of a bias spring 36 is connected to the horizontal piece a, so that when the SMA coil 35 contracts, the hook 33 rotates clockwise. The protruding piece 40 and the pin 34 are rotated in the direction in which they are disengaged, and vice versa, the bias spring 36
is contracted to the left, that is, the projection 40 and the pin
Rotate in a direction that maintains engagement with.

The SMA coil 35 is attached to the hook 3 as described above.
This SMA coil 35 has a transformation temperature from a low temperature phase to a high temperature phase near the temperature at which the duct 19 is closed by the damper 20. The shape is memorized into a shrunken shape in the high-temperature phase.

The bias spring 36 is attached to the hook 33 as described above.
It extends between the horizontal piece a of the case 29 and the tip of the case 29, and biases the hook 33 so that it rotates to the left.

The operation of the fire damper having the above configuration will be explained.

First, during normal times (when there is no outbreak of fire, etc.),
The state will be as shown in FIG. In other words, under normal conditions
Since the SMA coil 35 is in a low temperature phase, the bias spring 36 resists the force of the SMA coil 35 and rotates the hook 33 to the left.

Here, twist the operating lever 25 to release the coil spring 2.
Rotate the damper 20 against the force of the spring 3 so that the damper 20 is in the horizontal direction.
To prevent the operating lever 25 from returning to its original position when the operating lever 25 is pulled to the left against the force of
The rotation of the stop arm 25b is restricted.

At this time, as the hook 33 engages with the pin 34 of the shaft portion 31, the spring 32 is contracted and the left end of the shaft portion 31 is held in a state protruding to the left.
1, the rotation of the operating lever 25 is also maintained.

As a result, the damper 20 is held in the open state,
In this open state, the inside of the duct 19 is the SMA coil 35.
The process continues until the transformation temperature reaches or exceeds .

Here, due to the occurrence of a fire, etc., high temperature air enters the duct 1, and the temperature inside the duct 1 rises to SMA coil 35.
When the temperature exceeds the transformation temperature (for example, 70° C.), the SMA coil 35 transforms into a high-temperature phase, and as shown in FIG. 3, resists the force of the bias spring 36 and returns to its memorized, contracted shape. This operation of the SMA coil 35 causes the hook 33 to rotate clockwise, and the engagement between the hook 33 and the pin 34 of the shaft portion 31 is disengaged.

In this way, the engagement between the hook 33 and the pin 34 is
When it is detached by the action of the SMA coil 35, the shaft portion 31 moves to the left by the action of the spring 32, and as a result, the rotation restriction of the stop arm 25b of the operating lever 25 by the shaft portion 31 is released.

As a result, the operating lever 25, the support shaft 21, and the damper 25 are integrated, and the torsion coil spring 23
The damper 20 closes the duct. This closed state is reliably maintained by the action of the torsion coil spring 23 until the operating lever 25 is manually operated.

After the damper 20 operates in this way, when the inside of the duct 19 becomes lower than the transformation temperature of the SMA coil 35, the SMA coil 35 enters a low temperature phase, so the bias spring 36 contracts against the SMA coil 35, and the hook 33 is moved to the left. Rotate.

However, the shaft portion 31 remains moved to the left by the action of the spring 32, and the damper 20 also remains closed.

To reset again, rotate the operating lever 25 against the force of the torsion coil spring 23 and manually pull the shaft 31 to the left, engage the hook 33 with the pin of the shaft 31, and to operate lever 25
Regulates the rotation of.

When the shaft portion 31 is operated, the pin 34 slides along the inclined surface at the tip of the hook 33, and when the hook 33 reaches the top of the mountain, the hook 33 and the pin 34 engage, and the movement of the shaft portion 31 is restricted.

Therefore, with the fire damper having the above configuration, the SMA coil 35 only requires a force to disengage the hook 33 and the pin 34, compared to a conventional one using a shape memory alloy as a moving member of the shaft part. Even if the SMA coil 35 has a small wire diameter and a small size, it can be operated with sufficient reliability.

<Effects> According to the present invention, a damper that opens and closes a duct by its own rotation, a member that biases this damper in the closing direction, an operating lever connected to the rotation shaft of the damper, and the above-mentioned A fire prevention damper comprising: a stopper device that restricts the rotational movement of an operating lever to maintain the damper in an open state;
The stopper device includes a shaft portion that operates the stopper device by its own sliding motion to restrict or release the restriction on the rotation of the bar, and a spring that biases the shaft portion in a direction that releases the restriction of the operating lever by the shaft portion. a hook that holds the shaft in a state where the shaft restricts rotation of the operating lever; a pin that is integrally provided with the shaft and is engaged by the hook; and a pin that is inserted into the duct. , a shape memory alloy member that recovers its shape and releases the engagement between the hook and the pin when the inside of the duct reaches a predetermined temperature or higher; The shape recovery of the alloy drives the hook and releases the engagement between the hook and the pin. the result,
The shaft portion is moved by the biasing force of the spring to release the restriction on rotation of the operating lever, rotate the damper, and close the duct.

Therefore, the shape memory alloy member only needs to be disengaged from the hook and the pin, and the movement of the shaft, which requires a large force, is performed by a normal spring. Even if the member is compact and has a small operating force, it is possible to reliably drive the damper. In other words, when driving the shaft using only a shape memory alloy member as in the past, unless a shape memory alloy member that generates a large operating force is used, the friction between the operating lever and the shaft will cause stability. Although there was a possibility that the operation could not be performed,
According to the present invention, the shape memory alloy member only needs to generate enough force to release the engagement between the hook and the pin, so even a shape memory alloy with a small operating force can perform stable operation. .

For this reason, even if a normal spring is relatively compact, it generates a large biasing force, so by downsizing the shape memory alloy, the device can be made compact. Further, since shape memory alloys are expensive, the shape memory alloy members can be made compact, thereby reducing the cost of the device.

In addition, as the shape memory alloy member becomes more compact, the heat capacity of the shape memory alloy member becomes smaller, so the temperature of the air flowing in the duct becomes smaller than when operating the shaft with a large shape memory alloy member. It can react quickly and make the damper operation sensitive.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional fire damper, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional fire damper.
A sectional view, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the shaft used in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a perspective view of the same hook. 19...Duct, 20...Damper, 23...
Torsion coil spring, 25...operation lever, 25b
... Stop arm, 26 ... Stopper device,
31...Shaft, 32...Spring, 33...Hook,
34...Pin, 35...Shape memory alloy spring.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A damper that opens and closes a duct by its own rotation; A member that biases the damper in the closing direction; An operating lever connected to the rotation shaft of the damper; and The operating lever. and a stopper device that regulates the rotational movement of the bar and holds the damper in an open state, wherein the stopper device is operated by its own sliding motion to restrict or release the restriction on the rotational movement of the bar. a spring that biases the shaft in a direction to release the restriction of the operating lever by the shaft, and a spring that holds the shaft in a state where the shaft restricts rotation of the operating lever. a hook that is integrally provided on the shaft and that the hook engages with; a pin that is inserted into the duct, and when the inside of the duct reaches a predetermined temperature, it recovers its shape and releases the engagement between the hook and the pin; A fire prevention damper comprising a shape memory alloy member and the following.