JPH0446762Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Technical Field> The present invention relates to the configuration of a fire damper that is disposed in a ventilation duct and seals off the duct in the event of a fire or the like.

<Prior Art> In general, ventilation ducts for air conditioning are arranged vertically and horizontally in buildings, etc., but these ventilation ducts are required to be equipped with fire prevention dampers to block the ventilation ducts in the event of a fire or the like. This is to prevent smoke from filling the building through the ventilation duct in the event of a fire, and to extinguish the fire by cutting off the supply of air to the room where the fire is occurring.

By the way, conventional fire dampers use a temperature fuse as a temperature sensing element that melts and releases the damper when the temperature exceeds a certain level. The ventilation duct was closed using a biasing means such as the following.

However, since such conventional fire dampers use the above-mentioned temperature fuse, once the damper is activated, the temperature fuse must be replaced and reset each time. Since the ventilation duct is a relatively thin pipe, replacing the temperature fuse is not easy and is extremely troublesome. In addition, this temperature fuse may become defective due to exposure to high temperatures during transportation, or may operate below the operating temperature, or conversely may not operate at the temperature at which it should operate, resulting in reliability problems. I felt anxious.

Therefore, a fire damper using a shape memory alloy as shown in FIG. 15 has been devised. (Akira Jitsuka
(Refer to Publication No. 57-157361) Using this figure 15,
To explain the configuration, the rotating shaft 2 crosses the duct 1.
is provided, and a damper 3 is attached to this rotating shaft 2. Note that FIG. 15 shows the damper 3 in an open state.

A rotation spring 4 is wound around the left end of the rotation shaft 2, and the rotation spring 4 urges the rotation shaft 2 to rotate the damper 3 to the closed position. In addition, the rotating shaft 2
A manual handle 5 is fixed to the end of the
A stop arm 6 is attached to mesh with the shaft portion of the manual handle 5, and a stop pin 8 is fitted into a locking hole 7 of the stop arm 6 to stop the rotation of the rotating shaft 2.

The stop pin 8 is slidably inserted into the stop pin guide 9 and the cylinder 10.
0 has a piston 11 with a stop pin 8 inserted therein.
A gas pressure supply port 12 provided in the stop pin guide 9 communicates with the inside of the cylinder 10 on the left side of the piston 11.

On the right side of the stop pin 8 are spring seats 12a and 12b.
A plunger portion 13 is formed, and the left side of the plunger portion 13 is housed in a case 14 and is fitted with a coil spring 15 that biases the stop pin 8 leftward, and the right side of the plunger portion 13 has an opening 16. It is housed in a case 17, and a shape memory member 18 formed in the shape of a coil spring is attached to the plunger portion 13 within the case 17.

This shape memory member 18 is made of a shape memory alloy that has the function of deforming into a pre-memorized shape when a predetermined temperature is reached, and is relatively soft at room temperature and deforms plastically as shown in the figure. When heated to a predetermined storage temperature, it expands in the axial direction and becomes rigid.

Next, to explain the operation, when the temperature inside the duct 1 is room temperature, the shape memory member 18 is easily plastically deformed by external force, so the tip of the stop pin 8 is pushed into the locking hole of the stop arm 6 by the pressure of the coil spring 15. By stopping the rotation of the stop arm 6, the rotation of the rotation shaft 2 by the rotation spring 4 is stopped via the shaft portion of the manual handle 5, and the damper 3 is locked in the open position.

Next, a fire broke out and spread inside duct 1.
As the temperature inside the duct 1 rises, the temperature of the shape memory member 18 interposed within the duct 1 also rises, and when a predetermined temperature is reached, the shape memory member 18 deforms into the memorized shape. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape memory member 18 is deformed to extend in the axial direction, and the spring seat 12b of the stop pin 8
is pushed to the right, so that the stop pin 8 is pulled in against the coil spring 15 and the stop arm 6 is released.

By releasing the lock, the rotating shaft 2 is rotated by the repulsive force of the rotating spring 4, and the damper 3 moves to the closed position to partition the inside of the duct 1, thereby preventing the spread of fire caused by the fire inside the damper 1.

Shape memory member 18 once activated in this way
When the temperature inside the duct 1 returns to room temperature, it becomes easily plastically deformed by external force, and can be reused by returning the stop arm 6 to the protruding position of the stop pin 8 using the manual handle 5 and fitting it. .

However, in general, in a fire prevention damper, the rotary spring 4 is required to have an elastic force sufficient to close the damper 3, and when the stop pin 8 is operated, a frictional force is generated between the stop arm 6 and the stop pin 8 that resists the operation. The member 18 needs to generate a force not only against the elastic force of the coil spring 15 but also against the frictional force.

On the other hand, the shapes and sizes of ventilation ducts vary widely, and in large fire dampers installed in factories, etc., the frictional force is considerably large, so a force to resist this is generated by a shape memory alloy spring. is impossible considering the performance of shape memory alloys. It is also said that a fire damper used for air conditioning in ordinary homes requires a force of 6 kg to resist the frictional force, and in order to make a shape memory alloy spring that can generate this much force, the spring must have a large wire diameter. Of course, if a large spring with a thick strand diameter is used, not only will the material cost increase, but the device will also become larger, which is not desirable.

Moreover, when the wire diameter is large, the elastic force of the shape memory alloy member 18 is large even in the low temperature phase, so it is difficult to set the elastic force of the coil spring 15 to counter this.

<Purpose> The present invention has been developed in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fire damper that is compact, has excellent performance, and has stable operation.

<Example> Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 1.

1 to 3, 19 is a ventilation duct having a circular cross section, 20 is a damper that opens and closes this duct 19, and 21 is a support shaft that rotatably supports this damper 20. 21 is disposed horizontally and is rotatably supported by penetrating the duct 1 at both ends. Also, 2
Reference numeral 2 is an upright piece having a semicircular arc shape and disposed above and below the duct 19, which improves the sealing performance when the damper 20 is closed and also serves as a stopper to prevent the damper 20 from over-rotating.

23 is a torsion coil spring provided at the right end of the support shaft 21, and this torsion coil spring 2
3 has one end locked to the support shaft 21 side and the other end locked to the duct 19 side, and urges the support shaft 21 to rotate in the direction in which the damper 20 is closed. A cover 24 protects the right end of the support shaft 21 on which the torsion coil spring 23 is provided.

Reference numeral 25 denotes an operating lever provided on the left end side of the support shaft 21, and the operating lever 25 rotates integrally with the support shaft 21 without slipping.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a stopper device provided at the lower part of the duct 19. This stopper device 26 regulates or releases the rotation of the operating lever 25, and is integrally formed and protrudes from the lower part of the duct 19. It is fixed by screwing into the threaded tube 27.

To explain the structure of the stopper device 26 in detail, the stopper device 26 includes a plug portion 28 that is screwed into the threaded pipe 27, and one end supported by the plug portion 28 and inserted horizontally into the duct 19. The case 29 is disposed coaxially with the case 29, and is slidably supported in the left-right direction by passing one end through the bearing hole 30 of the plug part 28 and passing the other end through the tip of the case 29. a shaft portion 31;
This shaft portion 31 is moved toward the right in FIG.
a spring 32 that biases the protrusion from the plug portion 28 in a direction to retract it in order to release contact with b;
a hook 33 that restricts the movement of the shaft portion 31 in the right direction by the action of The spring is made of a shape memory alloy (hereinafter referred to as an SMA coil) 35.

The plug portion 28 has a thread cut on its outer surface, and when screwed into the screw tube 27, the plug portion 28 airtightly seals the screw tube 27 and supports the case 29 in a cantilevered manner.

The case 29 has a cylindrical shape open to the inside of the duct 19, and uses a bearing inside to slidably support the shaft portion 31.

The shaft portion 31 is housed in the case 29 and supported so as to be slidable in the left and right direction. When the protruding left end comes into contact with the operating lever, the support shaft 21 is moved by the action of the torsion coil spring 23. As a result of restricting the rotation, the damper 20 is held in the open state of the duct 19.

This shaft portion 31 includes a lever portion 31 having a rod shape, a flange portion 31b adjacent to the lever portion 31a and formed so that its outer periphery is close to the inner surface of the case 29, and a tip portion adjacent to the flange portion 31b and having a tip connected to the case 29. 29 and a U-shaped portion 31c protruding into the duct 19 from the right end.

The spring 32 is compressed between the flanged portion 38 and the plug portion 28, and the spring 32 pushes the flanged portion 38 to the right, thereby biasing the shaft portion 31 to the right. be done.

The U-shaped portion 31c has a U-shaped cross section that is open to the upper side, and has a support pin 36 for rotatably supporting the hook 33 passing through it on both left and right sides 1 on the base side. Oval-shaped insertion hole 3
7 are provided, and the support pin 36 penetrates through the insertion hole 37 and the case 29, and is fixed to the case 29 with a stopper 38, so that the shaft portion 31 can pass through the oval hole-shaped hole. It becomes possible to slide within the length of the hole 37.

Further, a recess 39 for accommodating the SMA coil 35 is provided on the distal end side of the U-shaped portion 31c at a position below the hook 33, and the recess 39 forms a container shape with an open top.

SMA coil 3 stored in this storage recess 39
5 is fixed by a support piece 40 that stands up from the lower part of the U-shaped part 31c (lower part of the recess 39), and has a shape memory so as to expand in the high temperature phase, and the above-mentioned It is accommodated in the recess 39 so as to extend vertically so as to push the hook 33 from below.

The pin 34 is installed between both left and right sides of the U-shaped portion 34.

The hook 33 is rotatably supported by the support pin 36 and is housed between the U-shaped portions 31c, and has an engaging recess 33a on the lower surface side of the hook 33 that engages with the pin 34. is formed, and movement of the shaft portion 31 in the rightward direction is prevented by the engagement between the pin 34 and the engagement recess 33a.

The operation of the fire damper having the above configuration will be explained.

First, during normal times (when there is no outbreak of fire, etc.),
The state will be as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. That is, in normal times, the SMA coil 35 is in a low-temperature phase, so it is held in a contracted state, and the engaging recess 33a of the hook 33 is engaged with the pin 34, and the shaft portion 31 is prevented from moving to the right. state.

Therefore, the lever portion 31a of the shaft portion 31 is in a state of protruding to the left from the plug portion 28, and the operating lever 25, which has been rotated against the rotational force of the torsion coil spring 23, is moved to the protruding lever portion 31a. Therefore, the rotation is restricted.

As a result, the damper 20 is held in the open state, and this open state continues until the temperature inside the duct 19 reaches or exceeds the transformation temperature of the SMA coil 35.

Here, due to the occurrence of a fire, etc., high temperature air enters the duct 1, and the temperature inside the duct 1 rises to SMA coil 35.
When the temperature exceeds the transformation temperature (for example, 70° C.), the SMA coil 35 transforms into a high temperature phase, expands vertically upward as shown in FIG. 3, and pushes up the hook 33 from below.

Due to this expansion of the SMA coil 35, the hook 33 rotates upward about the support pin 36,
As a result, the engagement between the hook 33 and the pin 34 is released, and the shaft portion 31 is moved to the right by the biasing force of the spring 32.

Therefore, since the lever part 31a of the shaft part 31 moves rightward, the control lever 25 is released, the damper 20 is rotated in the closing direction by the action of the torsion coil spring 23, and the duct 19 is closed. It is closed by a tamper 20.

This closed state is reliably maintained by the action of the torsion coil spring 23 until the operating lever 25 is manually operated.

After the damper 20 operates in this manner, when the inside of the duct 19 becomes lower than the transformation temperature of the SMA coil 35, the SMA coil 35 enters a low temperature phase and becomes expandable and contractible, but the shaft portion 31 is moved by the biasing force of the spring 32. Therefore, the lever portion 31a is in the direction of retracting toward the plug portion 28, and the damper 20 remains in the closed state.

To reset it again, rotate the stopper 28 and pull it out from the duct 19 along with the stopper device 26, compress the SMA coil 35 by pressing it by hand, etc., and push the lever part 31a against the biasing force of the spring 32. Pull or push the U-shaped part 31c to release the hook 3.
3 engages the engagement recess 33a with the pin, and lever part 3
1a is held in a state protruding to the left from the stopper 28, and in this state, the stopper device 26 is inserted into the duct 1.
9, the operating lever 25 is rotated in the direction of closing the damper 20 against the rotational force of the torsion coil spring 23, and the lever portion 31a of the shaft portion 31 is rotated.
Thus, the operation lever 25 is prevented from rotating in the closing direction of the damper 20 by the biasing force of the torsion coil spring 23.

Therefore, with the fire damper having the above configuration, the SMA coil 35 only requires a force to disengage the hook 33 and the pin 34, compared to a conventional one using a shape memory alloy as a moving member of the shaft part. Even if the SMA coil 35 has a small wire diameter and a small size, it can be operated with sufficient reliability.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the SMA coil 35 is
We have explained what is called a unidirectional shape memory effect, which is elastic in the low-temperature phase and elongated in the high-temperature phase. In the state shown in FIG. 3, a so-called bidirectional shape memory alloy which has shape memory in two states including an elongated state may be used.

This bidirectional shape memory alloy is used in SMA coil 35
If the inside of the duct 19 changes from a high temperature state to a low temperature state, the SMA coil 35 will naturally return from the expanded state as shown in FIG. 3 to the contracted state as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. When resetting the stopper device 26, the hook 33 engages with the pin 34 and the movement of the shaft portion 31 is prevented by pulling the lever portion 31a of the shaft portion 31 without taking the trouble of pulling the stopper device 26 out of the duct 19. The reset can be completed. or,
Even when removing the stopper device 26, the SMA
There is no need to press the coil 35, making it extremely easy to use.

<Other Embodiment 1> As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the hook 33
A recess 41 into which the upper end of the SMA coil 35 fits may be formed on the lower surface side.

By providing the recess 41 on the lower surface of the hook 33 in this way, when the SMA coil 35 recovers its shape (when expanded)
In addition, it is possible to prevent the SMA coil 35 from extending vertically upward, bending, or protruding from the recess 39.

<Other Embodiment 2> As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the hook 33 and
A heat insulating member 4 is provided between the SMA coil 35 and between the SMA coil 35 and the recess 39 of the U-shaped portion 31c.
2, 42 may be provided.

This heat insulating member 42 is made of epoxy resin or the like, and by installing this heat insulating member 42, heat conduction between the hook 33 and the SMA 35, and between the SMA coil 35 and the recess 39 can be interrupted.

Therefore, when the hook 33 and the U-shaped portion 31c are made of a metal material such as iron, even if the inside of the duct 19 becomes high temperature, the hook 33 and the U-shaped portion 31c are more stable than the SMA coil 35. However, if heat conduction occurs from the SMA coil 35 to the hook 33 and the U-shaped portion 31c, the temperature rise of the SMA 35 will be slower. Since there is no conduction, the SMA coil 35 has excellent thermal response and is very effective in terms of safety.

<Other Embodiment 3> As shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11, the U-shaped portion 31
The through holes 43 may be formed on both the left and right sides of the position of the SMA coil 35 in c.

By drilling the through hole 43 in the U-shaped portion 31c in this way, the air flowing through the duct 19 comes into direct contact with the SMA coil 35 (a so-called well-ventilated state), and the SMA coil 35
can improve responsiveness.

<Other Embodiment 4> At the tip of the lever portion 31a of the shaft portion 31, a first
A straight rod-shaped handle 44 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 13, or an annular handle 45 as shown in FIG. 14 may be provided.

The handles 44 and 45 are fixed to the tip of the lever portion 31a in the vertical direction so as not to be caught on the operating lever 25 when the shaft portion 31 is operated.

Therefore, by installing the handles 44, 45, when the stopper device 26 is reset, the handles 44, 45 are installed.
45 can be used to pull the shaft portion 31, resulting in superior operability compared to the case without any.

In addition, the above <Other Example 1> to <Other Example 4>
In this example, the configuration whose description is omitted is the same as that described in <Example>.

<Effects> According to the present invention, a damper that opens and closes a duct by its own rotation, a member that biases this damper in the closing direction, an operating lever connected to the rotation shaft of the damper, and the above-mentioned A fire prevention damper comprising: a stopper device that restricts the rotational movement of an operating lever to maintain the damper in an open state;
The stopper device includes a shaft portion that restricts or releases the rotation of the operating lever by its own sliding, and a spring that biases the shaft portion in a direction that releases the restriction of the operating lever by the shaft portion. , a hook for holding the shaft in a state where the shaft restricts rotation of the operating lever due to the movement of the shaft by the spring; a pin that is integrally provided on the shaft and engaged by the hook; inserted into the duct; It is composed of a shape memory alloy member that recovers its shape and releases the engagement between the hook and the pin when the inside of the duct reaches a predetermined temperature, so the shaft part is moved using a conventional shape memory alloy. In contrast, in the case of the present invention, it is only necessary to release the engagement between the hook and the pin, and the movement of the shaft is performed by the spring, so a small shape memory alloy with a small operating force is sufficient. , making the device more compact;
You can measure cost reduction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a sectional view of <Other Example 1>, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 4, Figure 6 is <Other Example 2
7 is an AA sectional view of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 6, FIG. 9 is a sectional view of <Other Example 3>, and FIG. 10 11 is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 9, Fig. 12 is a sectional view of <Other Example 4>, and Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 12. 14 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 12, and FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the conventional example. 19...Duct, 20...Damper, 23...
Torsion coil spring, 25... Operating lever, 26...
... Stopper device, 31 ... Shaft, 32 ... Spring, 33 ... Hook, 34 ... Pin, 35 ... Shape memory alloy spring.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A damper that opens and closes a duct by its own rotation; A member that biases the damper in the closing direction; An operating lever connected to the rotation shaft of the damper; and The operating lever. and a stopper device that regulates the rotational movement of the control lever to hold the damper in an open state, wherein the stopper device regulates or releases the restriction on the rotational movement of the operating lever by its own sliding movement. A shaft, a spring that biases the shaft in a direction to release the restriction of the control lever by the shaft, and a spring that maintains the movement of the shaft by the spring in a state in which the shaft restricts rotation of the control lever. A hook, a pin that is integrally provided on the shaft and that the hook engages with, and a shape that is inserted into a duct and recovers its shape when the inside of the duct reaches a predetermined temperature or higher to release the engagement between the hook and the pin. A fireproof damper characterized by comprising a memory alloy member and the following.