JPH0447089B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Application The present invention relates to an elongated cement board having a glazed surface and a method for making the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cement board in which a parallelogram-shaped glazed cement board having a specific structure is cement-bonded to the upper surface of a continuously movable press-type cement board of long dimensions. The long-dimension cement board with glazed surface according to the present invention has a good aesthetic appearance because its high strength is not damaged by the glazing process.
It is useful as a high-strength construction member with excellent surface durability and waterproof properties.

Conventional technology and problems Cement boards such as long concrete boards,
Since high strength is required for construction materials, etc., cement mixture materials with low water content (generally, the water content is approximately 4 to 10% by weight based on the total amount of cement and aggregate) are pressed using a continuously moving press. Manufactured by pouring and hydration curing. In this case, a typical method is to arrange steel wire rods or the like in one direction or more, preferably by applying high tension to the reinforcement. In addition, the method of compressing and placing the cement kneaded material with a single press machine is 60cm x 6cm.
Although it can be applied to cement boards of a certain size or smaller, it cannot be applied to cement boards of long or large dimensions due to problems such as installation of an extremely large press and uniform filling molding. In addition, the method of casting cement materials with a high moisture content (the moisture content is generally about 12 to 17% by weight based on the total amount of cement and aggregate) can achieve the high strength required for long and large construction components. I can't get it.

The general method for applying a glassy glaze to cement products such as concrete boards is to wet-apply the glaze to a short concrete material, fire the entire product to about 800℃ or higher, and then rehydrate it. It has been adopted. However, in the case of long and large cement plates as described above, it is virtually impossible to employ an ultra-large industrial furnace for firing. Even if it were theoretically possible, it would be extremely difficult to handle large-sized cement plates industrially due to temporary strength deterioration of concrete when fired at high temperatures. Furthermore, in the case of a prestressed concrete plate in which reinforcement is placed by tensioning wire rods, the prestressing effect is largely lost during firing.

Therefore, a method can be considered in which a continuously moving press-type cast cement board of long dimensions is manufactured in advance, and a glazed decorative board such as a tile is manually adhered to the surface of the cement board. However, because glazed decorative boards have dimensional variations due to firing shrinkage, etc., it requires a high level of skill and a great deal of effort to obtain a smooth adhesive glazed surface.
In addition, there is a risk of partial peeling due to poor adhesion during long-term use. In addition, glazed decorative boards are arranged,
A method of pouring concrete mortar or the like onto the glazed surface is impossible because the mortar material flows out from the joints of the decorative board onto the glazed surface and becomes fixed.

In addition, the present inventors arranged ordinary glazed cement plates with the glazed surfaces facing downward in the casting frame of a continuous moving press, and pressed the cement kneading material thereon using a continuous moving press. However, since the glazed plate moved slightly due to the vibration of the continuous press, it was virtually impossible to bond the cement substrate and the glazed plate by pouring.

Means for Solving the Problem The present inventor combined and bonded a large number of glazed decorative boards made of parallelogram-shaped glazed cement boards with specific shapes on two opposing sides, arranged them in a stable manner, and The above-mentioned problems were solved by press-casting a cement kneaded material with a low water content in a continuous moving manner.

That is, to exemplify a typical embodiment, according to the present invention, a parallelogram-shaped cement board 4 has a glazed layer 3 on the upper surface, and one side in the width direction of the cement board has a protrusion 5 or 7 protruding from the side. using a glazed surface material 2 having a notch 6 or 8 on the other side in the opposite width direction and having a notch 6 or 8 complementary to the protrusion; press frames 11, 12 for a continuously movable press 13; Inside, a large number of parallelogram-shaped glazed surface materials are placed with their glazed surfaces 3 facing down, with the length direction of the surface materials facing the width direction of the frame, and adjacent protrusions on the widthwise side surfaces of the surface materials. The glazed surfaces 3 of the surface material are joined together to form a long surface member arranged in a plane; the cement surface of the surface member disposed within the press frame. Press-forming is performed using a continuously moving press while supplying a kneaded cement material for press casting on top of the surface member, and the press-formed plate 9 integrated with the surface member 2 is hydrated and cured. There is provided a method for manufacturing a long-sized high-strength cement board 1 with a glazed surface, which comprises a surface member 2 having a glazed surface and a high-strength cement substrate 9 integrated by cement bonding. In addition,
It is also a preferred embodiment to apply a small amount of water or cement mortar onto the cement surface of the surface member and then press the cement material in a continuous motion.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the protrusions and notches on the widthwise side surfaces of the plurality of parallelogram-shaped glazed surface materials are arranged in combination, and the glazed surfaces are joined in the arrangement direction and arranged smoothly. A long-dimension glazed high-strength surface member characterized by a structure consisting essentially of a long-dimension surface member and a continuously movable press-formed long-dimension high-strength cement substrate, both of which are integrated by cement bonding. Cement board is provided.

Detailed Description of the Invention The above-mentioned parallelogram-shaped glazed cement board surface material 2
is usually a plate-like object with a rectangular surface. If necessary, the shape may be a square or a slightly curved rectangle (the internal angles are not 90 degrees). In the present invention, these shapes are collectively referred to as parallelogram shapes. Such a parallelogram-shaped surface material is
The mixed concrete material is extruded into a plate shape,
It can be easily produced by cutting an extruded product into a predetermined length in the extrusion direction, glazing it, firing it, and subjecting it to rehydration treatment. Incidentally, ceramic glazed surface materials such as tiles are disadvantageous because their dimensions vary greatly due to drying and firing after molding, and there are also problems with impact resistance and strength.

The length of the glazed cement surface material 2 used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is generally around 1 m (for example,
(range 0.5-1.5m). The width of the facing material is preferably a dimension shorter than the length dimension, for example 10
The range is approximately 60cm. If the width dimension is too large, it is difficult to obtain a smooth and bonded glaze surface, and strong adhesion to the concrete substrate 9 tends to be partially difficult.

In the present invention, the glazed surface material is not connected in the width direction of the cement substrate 9 but is integral with it,
The cement substrate has a structure in which the cement substrate is connected in the length direction. Therefore, a large number of the glazed surface materials are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the cement substrate, and are arranged in the length direction of the substrate by a combination of side protrusions and notches. Ru. Note that if the surface material has a parallelogram shape whose internal angles are not right angles, the surface material will be arranged in a direction slightly oblique to the above-mentioned orthogonal direction.

The shapes of the protrusions and notches on the widthwise sides of the glazed surface material are particularly suitable as long as both have the strength to withstand the impact of continuous press molding and are stably joined without any gaps in a complementary relationship. Not limited.
Typical shapes of both are shown in FIG. 2A as protrusion 5,
5' and cutouts 6, 6' or by the second B
This is illustrated by the protrusion 7 and cutout 8 in FIGS. 2 and 2C. In addition, if the length of the protrusion is about several mm to 1 cm, and the thickness is about several mm or more,
Fully practical.

The cement of the above-mentioned high-strength cement board base material and glazed cement board surface material is hydraulic (or water/
means an inorganic cement material (air hard). Typically, Portland cement, alumina cement,
Examples include blast furnace cement, jet cement, slag cement, and mixtures thereof. Normally, ordinary Portland cement is used.

In terms of strength, it is desirable that the base material and the surface material contain cement aggregate in an amount of about 4 times or less (for example, 1 to 4 times) the weight of cement. Further, in a typical embodiment, the cement board base material contains a metal material that is reinforced in one or more directions, and preferably a metal material that is reinforced by applying high tension. Examples of such embodiments are given below.

Long prestressed concrete materials, or spancrete, are made by arranging reinforcing metal wires such as steel strands, tensioning them with high tension, applying concrete material using an automatic forming machine, and pressing in a continuous moving manner. By molding and hydration curing, it is produced in a factory in long dimensions, for example, 100 m or more in length. That is, by large-scale factory production, homogeneous, high-strength concrete members can be manufactured at low cost. Cost reduction, uniform quality control, and minimal product loss management are achieved by cutting these long, homogeneous, high-strength spancrete into precise lengths according to the construction application and shipping them. be done. However, there is no effective way to paint the surface and waterproof it, other than applying multiple coats of paint, and a durable process has remained unresolved. Therefore, by arranging and integrating the glazed cement board surface material on the surface of the spuncrete according to the present invention, a high-strength construction member with excellent aesthetic appearance, surface durability, waterproof properties, etc. can be obtained.

Even in the high-strength cement board having the glazed surface according to the present invention, it has been difficult to apply defect-free glaze while maintaining its high strength due to the long dimensions.
That is, the main target is long high-strength cement boards at least about 1 m or more, usually about 2 m or more, preferably about 3 m or more. Of course, according to the present invention, spancrete having a glazed surface with a length of 100 m or more can also be manufactured continuously.

The operating conditions of the continuous movement press in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as the purpose is achieved, but for example, the number of presses is 20 to 60 times/min, the press pressure is 5 to 15 Kgf/cm2, and the press movement speed is 60 to 200.
It can be carried out in the cm/min range.

Example 1 A kneaded concrete material mainly composed of Portland cement, powdered aggregate and water was extruded and formed into a material having a stepped protrusion 5 on the surface side of one side as shown in FIG. 2A. and has a stepped notch 6 on the surface side of the other opposing side surface (that is, both protrusions and notches are in a complementary relationship);
An extruded plate 4 having a width of 20 cm and a thickness of 3 cm was obtained. This was cut into lengths of 100 cm, left for about 2 days to hydrate and harden, then a glaze slurry was applied to the top surface, fired at 850°C for 2 hours, and then steam-cured to rehydrate. Many rectangular glazed concrete plate surface materials 2 (length 100 cm, width 20 cm, thickness approx. 3
cm) was obtained.

A frame 11 for a continuous moving press consisting of a lower frame 11 and a vertical frame 12, as shown in FIGS.
12 (a little more than 100 cm wide), a large number of the above-mentioned glazed surface materials 2 are arranged with their glazed surfaces 3 facing down, with the length direction (100 cm) of the surface materials facing the width direction of the frame, and the surface The glazed surface of the surface material is joined by combining adjacent protrusions 5, 5' and notches 6, 6' on the side surfaces in the width direction (20 cm) of the material, and the length is approximately 20 m.
A surface member was constructed. In this way, the surface members were arranged and fixed stably to the extent that they could withstand the vibrations of continuously moving press molding.

A thin layer of cement mortar was sprayed onto the concrete surface of the surfacing material placed within the frame.
Steel wire rods 10 were tensioned in the longitudinal direction with high tension within the frame. Next, a mixed concrete material mainly composed of portland cement, river sand, crushed stone, and water (water content is about 30% based on the cement and about 7.5% by weight based on the total amount of cement and aggregate) is used to form the frame. The process of press-molding the arrayed long panel material to a thickness of about 5 cm was carried out twice using a continuous moving press 13 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In this way, a 10 cm thick prestressed concrete board base material 9 bonded to a glazed concrete surface material 2 about 3 cm thick was obtained. The general operating conditions of the continuous moving press were approximately 40 presses/min, a press pressure of 7 kgf/parallel cm, and a press movement speed of 120 cm/min.

The obtained press-formed plate was hydrated and cured in warm water and left to stand, resulting in a width of 100mm with a smooth glazed surface.
A strongly integrated long glazed Puestress concrete board 1 with a thickness of about 13 cm and a length of about 20 m was obtained.

Functions and Effects According to the present invention, the protrusions and notches on the two opposing sides of the glazed cement board surface material 2 are combined to form a large number of the surface materials into a frame 1 for a continuous moving press.
Arrange in 1 and 12. In this way, the glazed surfaces 3 of the surface materials are bonded together to form a smooth surface, and the long and large surface members are stably arranged and fixed to the extent that they can withstand the vibrations of continuous moving press molding. configured within. A concrete material for press casting is uniformly placed on the back surface of the surface member by a continuously moving press 13, a concrete substrate 9 integrated with the surface member 2 is formed, and then hydrated and cured. Therefore, it is advantageous to obtain an elongated high-strength concrete plate 1 with a glazed surface, which is comprised of a surface member 2 having a smooth glazed surface and a high-strength concrete plate 9 integrated by cement bonding.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view illustrating a glazed high-strength cement board of the present invention. 2A, 2B, and 2C are side views illustrating the shapes of protrusions and notches on the side surfaces of the glazed cement board surface material used in the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view along the length of a press-formed cement board, illustrating the continuous moving press process of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the width direction of a formed cement board illustrating the pressing process. 1... High-strength cement board with glazed surface, 2... Glazed cement board surface material, 3... Glazed surface, 5, 7... Projection, 6, 8... Notch, 9... High-strength cement board, 11, 12...press frame, 13...continuously movable press.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. One side of the cement board in the width direction has a protrusion protruding from the side, and the opposite side in the width direction has a notch that joins the protrusion in a complementary relationship. The glazed surface material is made of a parallelogram-shaped glazed surface material having a glazed surface on the upper surface, and the protrusions and notches on the side surfaces in the width direction of a large number of surface materials are combined and arranged, and the glazed surfaces are joined in the arrangement direction. An elongated surface member arranged smoothly; and an elongated high-strength cement substrate formed by continuously moving press molding of a kneaded cement material with a low moisture content on the back surface of the surface member and hardening it. This is a long, glazed, high-strength cement board that features a structure in which the two are integrated by cement bonding. 2. Claim 1, wherein the high-strength cement substrate is a prestressed concrete board with long dimensions.
High-strength cement board with glazed surface in long dimensions. 3 Consisting of a parallelogram-shaped cement board with a glazed layer on the upper surface, one side in the width direction of the cement board has a protrusion protruding from the side, and the other side in the opposite width direction has a protrusion with the protrusion. A glazed surfacing material having notches that join in a complementary relationship is used; a large number of parallelogram-shaped glazed surfacing materials are placed in a press frame for a continuous moving press, with the glazed surface facing down, and the length of the surfacing material is The direction is directed to the width direction of the frame, and adjacent protrusions and notches on the widthwise sides of the surface material are combined and arranged, and the glazed surfaces of the surface material are joined and arranged in a planar shape. Constructing a long-sized surface member; press-forming a kneaded cement material with a low moisture content for press casting onto the cement surface of the surface member disposed in the press frame using a continuous moving press; A long-sized high-strength cement with a glazed surface consisting of a surface member having a smooth glazed surface and a high-strength cement substrate integrated by cement bonding, characterized in that a press-formed plate integrated with the surface member is hydrated and cured. The manufacturing method of the board.