JPH0448908Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field This invention relates to a lightweight and compact two-axis control attachment that is detachably attached to the tip of the main spindle ram of a vertical machining center.

Conventional technology Conventionally, two-axis control attachments have two drive motors: a drive shaft (hereinafter referred to as the B-axis) that rotates the tilt head at right angles to the main axis, and a drive shaft (hereinafter referred to as the C-axis) that rotates the swivel head around the main axis. One or both drive motors were mounted on the saddle. For example, special public service in the 1980s.
Two drive motors are provided on the attachment as in No. 26660, a drive motor is provided on the saddle and the attachment as in JP-A-59-182037, and both are provided on the saddle side as in JP-A-59-196151. .

Problems to be Solved by the Invention When the attachment is equipped with a drive motor, it becomes large, the turning angle is limited by the electric wires connected to it, and the accessibility to the workpiece becomes poor. Furthermore, when a drive motor is installed in a saddle in a gate-type machining center, the Z-axis moving member includes a cross rail and a saddle spindle head, making the mechanism of the drive device complicated and making it difficult to ensure Z-axis positioning accuracy. Therefore, in a mechanism that fixes the cross rail and performs Z-axis positioning by moving the spindle ram, a simple drive device and a lightweight and small attachment are required to be provided in the spindle ram.

Means for Solving the Problem A ram head that is slidably mounted on a cross rail or top beam of a vertical machining center that has a sliding guide surface in the Y-axis direction is inserted into a hole that has a sliding guide surface in the Z-axis direction. The main shaft ram members 1 and 46 are moved and positioned by an NC drive, the main shaft 14 is rotatably provided on the main shaft ram member 46, and the NC drive shaft for rotating the swivel head provided on the main shaft ram member 1 and 46 is 1 motor 20, an NC-driven second motor 15 for tilt head rotation provided on the main shaft ram member, and an attachment of the main shaft ram member 1, 46 provided on the end of the drive shaft 21 rotated by the first motor 20. a first clutch 22 having an engagement surface on its surface; a second clutch 16 provided at the end of the drive shaft 17 rotated by the second motor and having an engagement surface on the attachment mounting surface of the main shaft ram member 1, 46; Main shaft ram members 1, 4
6, and a swivel head 24 that is rotatably provided on the attachment fixing body 23 fixed by the attachment coupling member, and is rotatable about the main shaft axis. a first gear mechanism that engages with the first clutch 22 on the mounting surface of the main shaft ram member 1, 46 and rotates the swivel head 24; a tilt head 30 having an attachment main shaft 31 which is pivotable about a central pivot axis and is perpendicular to the central pivot axis; and the second clutch 16 on the mounting surface of the main shaft ram member.
a second gear mechanism that rotates and drives the tilt head that engages with the swivel head, and a main shaft drive mechanism that is provided on the swivel head 30 and is fitted into the tapered hole 14b of the main shaft and rotates the attachment main shaft 31 through a series of gears. It is something that

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In a well-known vertical machining center, a sleeve 46 is fitted to the spindle ram 1, which is provided on the top beam or cross rail to a ram head which is controlled along the Y axis by an NC device and can be moved and positioned using an NC device.
A positioning gear 2a is fixed to the lower end surface of the holder. Tsuba 4 is located above the car bik gear.
6a is formed, and a clamp ring 4 having a flange 4a on the lower outer periphery is fitted so as to be able to slide in the axial direction by hydraulic pressure so that the outer periphery of the upper surface forms a hydraulic chamber 3 in which an oil passage in the main shaft ram 1 opens. has been done. A removable ring 5 having equally pitched rectangular external teeth 5a is rotatably fitted onto the outer periphery of the upper flange 4a of the clamp ring 4, and this removable ring 5 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 6 provided on the main shaft ram 1. The rack piston 7 inserted into the ring meshes with the gear 8a, and the segment gear 9 fixed to the detachable ring 5 is rotated by half a pitch via the gear 8b integrated with the gear 8a. A part of the center hole of the cylinder 27 fitted in a plurality of holes 11b concentrically drilled parallel to the main shaft 14 of the main shaft ram 1 is formed in the cylinder 10, and a piston 13 is fitted therein. is integrally connected to a pulling shaft 11 screwed vertically onto the upper surface of the clamp ring 4, and a plurality of disc springs 12 are interposed between the piston 13 and the cylindrical bottom 27a, and is an attachment when the hydraulic pressure decreases. Works to prevent falls.

The main shaft 14 is rotatably provided in the stepped center hole of the sleeve 46 of the main shaft ram 1 by a plurality of bearings, and is rotated by a main shaft motor and a driving gear device (not shown). The center hole 14a of the main shaft 14 has a tapered tip 14b, and a pull stud retracting device (not shown) is provided at the back of the tapered hole 14b.

A tilting drive B-axis motor 15 is provided near the tip of the main shaft ram 1 in parallel with the main shaft, and a series of gears 1
B parallel to the main axis center to be rotated through 8
A shaft drive shaft 17 is rotatably provided, and a clutch 16 located at the attachment mounting surface is provided at the lower end of the shaft. Further, a swivel drive C-axis motor 20 is provided at a position symmetrical to the main shaft drive motor 15 of the main shaft ram 1 and the main shaft.
A C-axis drive shaft 21 is provided which is rotated via the C-axis drive shaft 21 . A clutch 22 is provided at the lower end of the C-axis drive shaft 21 and is located on an attachment mounting surface. Internal teeth 23a are cut into a ring-shaped protrusion of a large diameter hole of the fixed body 23 in which a stepped center hole is bored.
A positioning gear 2b that meshes with the gear 2a is fixed to the end face of the hole. An inner diameter groove 23b is formed at the lower end of the fixed body 23, into which a collar 24a formed at the upper end of the swivel head 24 is rotatably fitted. A cutout groove 24b parallel to the main axis is formed at the lower end of the swivel head 24.
A through-swivel hole 24c is bored perpendicularly to the cut-through groove 24b. At the center of the swivel head 24, a tapered shaft 26 is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearings and has a tapered tip end projecting outwardly and has a bevel gear 25 fixed to its inner end.

Further, the cut-through groove 24b of the swivel head 24 has a center hole and is equipped with pivot shafts 28, 29 on both sides.The tilt head 30, which is rotatably supported in the pivot hole 24c, moves left and right 90 degrees around the pivot shafts 28, 29. °
It is provided so that it can rotate. The tilt head 30
An attachment main shaft 31 having a center hole is rotatably supported in the center by a plurality of bearings.
The center hole of the attachment main shaft 31 is formed into a national taper with a tool-mounted tip, a pull stud retraction mechanism is provided at the rear, and a bevel gear 32 for driving is fixed to the center of the main shaft. A worm wheel 33 is fixed to the pivot shaft 28 and meshes with a worm carved at the tip of a worm shaft 34 rotatably supported on the swivel head 24 parallel to the main shaft. A gear 35 is fixed to the other end of the worm shaft 34, and meshes with one gear 36a of a double gear 36 rotatably provided around the tapered shaft 26.
The other gear 36b of the double gear 36 meshes with a gear 38 fixed to the tip of the B-axis clutch shaft 37. The clutch shaft 37 has a clutch 37a which has a mating pawl portion on the mounting surface of the fixed body 23 and meshes with the clutch 16 which has a mating pawl portion on the end surface of the main shaft ram 1.
is fixed. The rotation of the B-axis motor 15 is then transmitted to the rotation shaft 28 to rotate the tilt head 30. A bevel gear 39 meshes with a bevel gear 32 rotatably supported around a pivot shaft 29 rotatably supported in the pivot center hole 24c of the swivel head 24.
A gear 40 is fixed to the shaft portion of the attachment main shaft 31 , and is connected to the bevel gear 25 through a plurality of gears, thereby transmitting the rotation of the main shaft 14 to the attachment main shaft 31 .

A C-axis clutch shaft 43 is rotatably supported by a bearing parallel to the main shaft 14 at a position corresponding to the clutch 22 at the lower end of the main shaft ram of the swivel head 24, and the clutch 43a at the tip engages with the clutch 22 and is fixed to the other end. The gear 44 thus engaged meshes with a gear 45 fixed to the upper end boss portion of the swivel head 24, and the swivel head 24 is rotated by the rotation of the C-axis motor 20.

Function The two-axis control attachment (hereinafter referred to as the attachment) is now stored in a storage location, and in order to attach the attachment to the main shaft ram 1, the supply of pressure oil to the cylinder 3 at the tip of the main shaft ram 1 is stopped, and the clamp ring 4 is free. state and at the same time cylinder 10
Hydraulic pressure is supplied to the upper chamber, and the interposed disc spring 1
The piston 13 moves downward against the force of 2 to unclamp the clamp ring 4. cylinder 6
When the pressure oil supplied to
The external teeth of the attachment are rotated by half a tooth, and the internal teeth of the fixed body 23 of the attachment can be inserted into the state. The attachment is carried directly below the main shaft ram 1, and the internal teeth 23a provided in the hole of the fixed body 23 are inserted into the external teeth 5a of the detachable ring 5 provided on the main shaft ram 1, and positioned at a position passing through the external teeth. do. The tapered end of the tapered shaft 26, which is supported at the center of the fixed body 23 of the attachment, is inserted into the tapered end hole 14b of the main shaft 14 of the main shaft ram 1, and is pulled up and fitted by a pull stud pulling mechanism (not shown), completing the installation of the attachment. . The pressure oil in the cylinder 6 in the main shaft ram 1 is switched, and the detachable ring 5 is returned by half a pitch via the gear, and the outer teeth 5a and the inner teeth 23
The peaks of a are engaged.

At the engagement completion signal, the pressure oil supplied to the cylinder 10 is stopped, pressure oil is supplied to the cylinder 3, the clamp ring 4, which also serves as a piston, is moved upward, and the removable ring 5 in contact with the collar 4a is pushed up. Carbic gear 2 provided on the fixed body 23 to be engaged
b is positioned to mesh with the carbic gear 2a of the sleeve 46, and the attachment is fixed to the main shaft ram 1, and the clutch 16 and the B-axis clutch shaft 37 and the clutch 22 and the C-axis clutch shaft 43 are engaged.
The rotation axis of the axis and the C axis can be transmitted.

The attachment main shaft 31 of the tilt head 30 takes a forward orthogonal attitude to the main shaft 14, has a tool fitted therein, is fixed by a pull stud retracting mechanism (not shown), and is connected to a tapered shaft 26 that is fitted into the tapered hole 14b of the main shaft 14. bevel teeth 2 fixed to
The attachment spindle 31 is rotated by a spindle motor (not shown) in response to commands from the NC device via a series of gears meshing with the spindle 5, and the upper surface of the workpiece is machined by the feed of the spindle ram 1, which moves in the Z-axis direction by NC drive. be exposed. When machining is completed, the next surface is machined.
The B-axis motor 15 for tilting drive is rotated by the NC command, and the gear 38 fixed to the clutch shaft 37 that engages the clutch 16 through the gear 18 is rotated, and the worm shaft 34 is rotated through the gears 36a, 36b, and 35. The tilt head 30 is controlled to rotate by a predetermined angle around the rotation axes 28 and 29 via a worm wheel 33 which is rotated and meshes with the worm. Further, the swivel drive C-axis motor 20 is rotated by a command from the NC device, and the clutch shaft 43 of the clutch 43a, which engages with the clutch 22 of the C-axis drive shaft 21 via the gear 1a, is rotated, and the swivel head 24 is rotated via the teeth 44. A gear 45 fixed to the swivel head 24 is rotated, and the swivel head 24 is swiveled around the main shaft and controlled to a position that matches the machining surface of the workpiece.

Since the gear 35 meshing with the gear 36a is rotated by the rotation of the swivel head 24, the tilt head 24 is rotated unnecessarily. The tilt head 24 is rotated to compensate for the rotation of the tilt head 24. In this way, a posture corresponding to machining any surface of the workpiece is taken, the tool is rotated according to commands from the NC device, the tool is positioned at a predetermined position, and the table or ram head is moved in the X-axis, Z-axis, or Y-axis direction. processing is carried out. When processing is completed and the attachment is to be removed as necessary, the detachable ring 5 is lowered and rotated half a pitch to engage the inner tooth 2 with the outer tooth 5a.
3a and the attachment becomes removable.

Note that by adding a planetary gear mechanism to the middle of the B-axis drive shaft 17 provided on the main shaft ram 1, it is also possible to cancel the differential movement of the B-axis caused by the C-axis drive.

Effects As detailed above, in this invention, a drive mechanism including B-axis and C-axis motors is installed in a small space of the main shaft ram member, and power is input to the attachment from the three drive shafts. It has the advantages of being small, lightweight, and inexpensive, easy to handle, and has few restrictions on operation, and also has the advantage of being able to get closer to the workpiece, improving workability, and ensuring the accuracy of the machine is maintained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the attachment fixing part, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the carbic gear,
An explanatory diagram of bayonet teeth and a driving gear, and FIG. 4 is a diagram of a vertical machining center. 1...Main shaft ram, 14...Main shaft, 15...B-axis motor, 16, 22, 37a, 43a...Clutch, 20...C-axis motor, 23...Fixed body, 24
...Swivel head, 30 ...Tilt head, 3
1... Attachment main shaft, 46... Sleeve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The main shaft of a vertical machining center is inserted into a hole with a sliding guide surface in the Z-axis direction in a ram head that is slidably mounted on a cross rail or top beam that has a sliding guide surface in the Y-axis direction, and is moved and positioned by NC drive. a ram member, a main shaft rotatably provided on the main shaft ram member, a first NC-driven motor for rotating a swivel head provided on the main shaft ram member, and an NC for rotating a tilt head provided on the main shaft ram member. a second driving motor; a first clutch provided at the end of the drive shaft rotated by the first motor and having an engagement surface on an attachment mounting surface of the main shaft ram member; and an end of the drive shaft rotated by the second motor. a second clutch provided on the main shaft ram member and having an engagement surface on the attachment mounting surface of the main shaft ram member; an attachment coupling member provided at the lower end of the main shaft ram member and equipped with a mechanism that can be attached and detached using a bayonet method; a swivel head provided on the attached attachment fixed body so as to be pivotable around the main shaft axis, and a first gear mechanism that engages with the first clutch on the mounting surface of the main shaft ram member and rotates the swivel head. , a tilt head which is rotatable at the tip of the swivel head around a rotation center axis perpendicular to the main shaft axis and has an attachment main shaft perpendicular to the rotation center axis; and the second clutch on the attachment surface of the main shaft ram member. a second gear mechanism for rotationally driving a tilt head engaged with the swivel head; and a main shaft drive mechanism provided on the swivel head and fitted into a tapered hole of the main shaft to rotate the attachment main shaft via a series of gears, A two-axis control attachment characterized in that the rotation of the tilt head caused by the rotation of the swivel head is compensated for by the rotation of an NC-driven tilt head rotation motor.