JPH0448982A - Garbage treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform the drying treatment of garbage in an odorless state while the generation of harmful gas is suppressed by setting the heating capacity of a heating means so as to bring the temp. of garbage to a specific numerical value and preventing the direct contact of carrier air with garbage. CONSTITUTION:After a catalyst 9 is heated to active temp., the supply of a current to a heater 3 is started and carrier air is supplied to a receiving chamber 1 by a blower 4. At this time, garbage 2 is dried while the temp. of the garbage 2 is monitored on the basis of the signal from a temp. detection part 7 but the heating capacity of the heater 3 is controlled by a temp. controller 8 so as to be capable of setting the temp. of the garbage 2 to the range of 100 - 250 deg.C. By this method, the pyrolysis of the plastic mixed with the garbage 2 is suppressed and no harmful gas or malodor is generated. Further, the supply route of carrier air is set to the space above the garbage 2 to prevent the direct contact of carrier air with the garbage 2. The atmosphere of the garbage 2 becomes an oxygen free state and the spontaneous ignition of the garbage 2 or the oxidation of pyrolytic gas is suppressed and no malodor is generated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Industrial Field of Application The present invention is used for processing kitchen waste generated at home or in business. , this moisture was a major cause of spoilage and bad odors in kitchen waste.
When kitchen waste is carried to the garbage storage site, water droplets leak from the garbage bag and pollute the board, hallways, elevators, etc. of buildings. There are two methods: a combustion type treatment device called an incinerator, and a combustion type treatment device called an incinerator.T4Mechanical treatment device, that is, a disposer 1The garbage is thrown away by the rotation of a flywheel, crushed by a shredder, crushed by a hammer, and disposed of by discharging it into the sewer. On the other hand, there are two types of combustion processing equipment, or incinerators: batch combustion furnaces that burn waste intermittently, and continuous combustion furnaces that move waste one after another into the furnace using a belt and burn it continuously. Am Which combustion furnace L Problems that the present invention aims to solve with a method of burning gas fuel or liquid fuel in a burner and incinerating waste with the combustion heat. Disposers have the following problems: they mechanically process food waste finely (eggshells, seashells, fibers, etc.) are not decomposed, and when disposed of into the sewer, the wastewater contains a large amount of solids. This has caused major problems such as clogging sewers and emitting strange odors.Furthermore, incinerators handle many different types of waste at once, significantly reducing the amount left for disposal.
A type of physical therapy that is characterized by the ability to completely kill pathogens, etc.
As a result, the structure is complicated, the equipment becomes large, combustion control is difficult, and this causes major drawbacks such as easy smoke and odor generation, and environmental pollution. %, and if the moisture contained in kitchen waste is removed by heating and drying, the weight of kitchen waste will be 2.
When kitchen waste is heated and dried, it is difficult to uniformly heat the inside of the kitchen waste, and the drying of the kitchen waste proceeds unevenly. Therefore, when the kitchen waste is finished drying, There is now a considerable temperature distribution inside kitchen waste. Kitchen waste discharged from households is often contaminated with plastics used for packaging foods. If present, these packaging plastics will become hot and cause harmful gases or bad odors to be generated during the drying process of kitchen waste. To provide a kitchen waste processing device that performs a drying process by suppressing food waste. Means for solving the problem A kitchen waste storage chamber, a heating means for kitchen waste, and a supply of air for conveying the gas generated from the kitchen waste to the storage chamber. It is composed of an air blowing means and an exhaust port provided downstream of the storage chamber, and is used to heat the kitchen waste so that the temperature of the garbage is 100°C or higher and 250°C or lower. is the space above the kitchen waste to prevent the conveying air from coming into direct contact with the kitchen waste.

The effect of this technical means is as follows: The kitchen waste is stored in the storage room. In this state, the heating means installed in the storage room is operated, and the air for conveyance is supplied to the storage room. The temperature of the food waste is rises and the water contained in the kitchen waste evaporates L The kitchen waste begins to dry.

Here, the storage room is provided with a temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the kitchen waste, and the collected kitchen waste is dried without monitoring the temperature of the kitchen waste during drying. The temperature of kitchen waste can be set within the range of 100°C to 250°C based on the signal from the temperature detection means. Moisture has the ability to evaporate (plastics for food packaging mixed in kitchen waste will not thermally decompose (°C). For this reason, the process of drying kitchen waste will not generate harmful gases or emit bad odors (if kitchen waste is stored in the storage room) Immediately after being washed, there is oxygen around the kitchen waste. As the food is heated and dried, steam is generated from the food waste. The area around the food waste becomes filled with water vapor, creating an oxygen-free condition. Therefore, transport in the storage room The air supply route is set in the space above the kitchen waste so that the transport air does not come into direct contact with the kitchen waste.If the transport air is supplied to the kitchen waste storage room, the atmosphere of the kitchen waste will constantly be in an oxygen-free state during the drying process. Atsushi Although it is said that it suppresses the spontaneous combustion of kitchen waste when heating kitchen waste, the pyrolysis gas is not oxidized and the generation of bad odors can be suppressed, but when a magnetron is used as a heating means, the following effects occur when heating kitchen waste. If you use microwaves to dry kitchen waste with metal objects such as forks and spoons mixed in, the metal objects will receive the microwaves and generate sparks. If oxygen is present, this spark will cause the kitchen waste to ignite.The temperature of the kitchen waste will rise rapidly, producing harmful gases and bad odors.Therefore, while monitoring the temperature of the kitchen waste, 6N food is irradiated with microwaves to dry it. At the same time, the conveying air is supplied to the kitchen waste storage chamber so that the conveying air does not come into direct contact with the kitchen waste.For this reason, the temperature of the kitchen waste is maintained within the range of 100°C or more and 250°C or less, even if metal objects mixed in the kitchen waste are Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the accompanying drawings. Even if the kitchen waste 2 is stored, a heater 3 is installed on the outer wall of the storage room 1, and by energizing the heater 3, the kitchen waste 2 can be heated and dried.
The blower 4 may be provided with a temperature detection section 7 to detect the temperature of the kitchen waste 2 which supplies transport air to the storage chamber 1 from the air port 6 via the air chamber 5. It may be installed in direct contact with the kitchen waste 2 as shown in L. It may also be installed close to the kitchen waste 2.
Thermo cup/14 A device that can detect the temperature of kitchen waste 2 by detecting warm light using a light sensor or the like.
Although a thermocouple is used in this embodiment, the signal from the temperature detection section 7 is sent to the temperature controller 8, which controls the amount of electricity supplied to the heater 3 so that the temperature of the kitchen waste 2 reaches the set value. The exposed catalyst 9 is surrounded by a catalyst heater (not shown), and even though the catalyst is constantly kept warm to maintain its activation temperature, the catalyst heater is energized at startup to bring the catalyst 9 up to its activation temperature in advance. When the catalyst 9 reaches the activation temperature, the heater 3 starts to be energized and conveying air is supplied to the storage chamber 1.
The temperature of the kitchen waste 2 rises LA.The water in the kitchen waste 2 evaporates and the kitchen waste 2 begins to dry.The evaporated water is exhausted to the exhaust 1410
During drying, the temperature of the kitchen waste 2 is detected by the temperature detection unit 7.
The drying of the collected kitchen waste 2 is carried out while being monitored by the signal from. The temperature of the kitchen waste 2 can be set within the range of 100°C to 250°C.The temperature controller 8 controls the temperature of the heater 3.
Polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, vinyl chloride/14 vinylidene chloride, etc. are often used for food packaging plastics.Figure 2 shows the weight loss rate of these food packaging plastics during the heating process. ~ Shown in Figure 7 (Nobuyuki Kita, Flammability of Plastics Industrial Research Group). Figure 2 is polyethylene, Figure 3 is polypropylene, Figure 4 is polystyrene,
Figure 5 shows polyvinylidene/k, Figure 6 shows polyvinylidene chloride, and Figure 7 shows polyethylene terephthalate.From these figures, various plastics rapidly thermally decompose in the temperature range of 250℃ to 400℃. At this time, various plastics generate toxic gases such as chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, carbon oxide, and aldehyde.
Chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride gas are particularly difficult to remove with purification catalysts, and the generation of these gases must be suppressed as much as possible (l-X The boiling point of water is 100℃, temperature to 10
If the temperature is above 0°C, the moisture in the kitchen waste will evaporate rapidly, so even if plastic for food packaging gets mixed into the kitchen waste 2, the heating amount of the heater 3 can be controlled.
If you set the temperature to 100℃ or more and 250t: or less,
The kitchen waste 2 can be heated and dried while minimizing the thermal decomposition of the plastic, and the process of drying the kitchen waste does not generate any harmful gas or odor. If the supply route is set to the space above the kitchen waste 2 and the conveyance air is not brought into direct contact with the kitchen waste 2, the following effects will be added. Immediately after the kitchen waste 2 is stored in the storage chamber 1, there will still be an air atmosphere around the kitchen waste 2. and
When the kitchen waste 2 is heated and dried, the kitchen waste 2
Steam is generated, and the area around the kitchen waste 2 becomes filled with water vapor, creating an anoxic state. Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, if the air vent 6 is provided in the upper part of the storage chamber 1 and above the kitchen waste 2. , the conveying air is supplied to the storage chamber l, so that the conveying air does not come into direct contact with the kitchen waste 2, and the atmosphere of the kitchen waste 2 is constantly kept in an oxygen-free state during the drying process.
In addition to suppressing the spontaneous combustion of the kitchen waste 2 when it is heated, the thermal decomposition gas generated during heating and drying is not oxidized and the generation of bad odors can be suppressed. A separate kitchen waste storage container 11 is provided in the interior of the storage chamber 1, and by storing the kitchen waste 2 therein, the air for conveyance can be removed without having to provide the air vent 6 at the top of the storage chamber 1 and above the kitchen waste 2. Therefore, the atmosphere of the kitchen waste 2 can be constantly kept in an oxygen-free state during the drying process. To explain, in FIG. 9, the kitchen waste 2 is stored inside the storage chamber l, and the magnetron 12 is connected to the storage chamber 1 via the waveguide 13.
MHz microwaves are transmitted from magnetron 12.
It passes through the waveguide 13 and is irradiated into the storage chamber 1. Waveguide 13
A microwave transmitting member 14 is installed at the connection between the storage chamber 1 and the magnetron 12 to protect the transmitting part of the magnetron 12.
supplies cooling air for the magnetron 12 and
Part of the air is branched off by the branch pipe 15 and passes through the air chamber 5.
Even though a temperature detection unit 7 is provided to detect the temperature of the kitchen waste 2 that supplies transport air to the storage chamber 1 from the air port 6, the catalyst 9 provided downstream of the storage chamber 1 catalytically heats the surrounding area. The catalyst is covered with a heater (not shown) to keep the catalyst constantly at its active temperature.

At startup, the heater for heating the catalyst is energized and the catalyst 9 is heated in advance.
When the catalyst 9 reaches the activation temperature, the magnetron 12 is energized and the supply of conveying air is started.The microwave is absorbed by the moisture contained in the kitchen waste 2, and the kitchen waste 2 begins to dry. The evaporated water is diluted with the cooling air of the magnetron 12 and exhausted from the exhaust stack 10.During drying, the temperature of the kitchen waste 2 is monitored by the signal from the temperature detection section 7, and the i-N waste 2 is dried. conduct. The temperature of the kitchen waste 2 can be set in the range of 100°C to 250°C. The amount of microwave irradiation is controlled by the magnetron 12. The kitchen waste 2 can be heated and dried without thermally decomposing the plastic, and the drying process of the kitchen waste can be Kitchen waste can be dried without producing harmful gases or bad odors.

When metal objects such as forks and spoons are mixed in the kitchen waste 2 using microwaves,
However, since the air vent 6 is located at the top of the storage chamber 1 and above the kitchen waste 2, the metal objects are likely to receive microwaves and generate sparks. L is supplied to the storage room 1. Conveying air is supplied to the kitchen waste 2.
Therefore, during the drying process, the atmosphere of the kitchen waste 2 is constantly in an oxygen-free state. Therefore, even if sparks generated by microwaves on the surface of the metal object are generated during drying, the Li waste 2 will naturally In addition, since the atmosphere in the kitchen waste 2 is oxygen-free, the thermal decomposition gas is oxidized and the generation of foul odors can be suppressed. In kitchen waste processing equipment (it is possible to prevent the generation of harmful gases and bad odors when drying kitchen waste)

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a kitchen waste processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a characteristic showing the weight loss rate of polyethylene during the temperature rising process. Figure 3 is a characteristic showing the weight loss rate of polypropylene during the temperature rising process. Figure 4 shows the weight loss rate of polystyrene during the heating process. Figure 5 shows the weight loss rate of polyvinyl chloride during the heating process. Figure 6 shows the weight of polyvinylidene chloride during the heating process. Characteristic plate showing the weight loss rate Figure 7 shows the characteristics showing the weight loss rate during the temperature rising process of polyethylene terephthalate. Storage room 2...Kitchen waste 3...Hyaku 4...
・Blow air 7... Temperature detection @ 9... Touch i 12
...Magnetron, 13...Waveguide. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano and 1 other person/-Ichigoshui 2-・-Kitchen waste 3-Heater 4-'th oven 7-Hot counterfeit detection) 9-Catalyst 6-Air port 11・-Kitchen waste Convergence inner container Fig. et al. J Fig. Fig. Fig. 1θ Fig. Fig. Fig. 12

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) It has a storage chamber for kitchen waste, a means for heating the kitchen waste, a blowing means for supplying air for transporting gas generated from the kitchen waste to the storage chamber, and an exhaust port provided downstream of the storage chamber. A kitchen waste processing apparatus, characterized in that the heating amount of the heating means is set so that the temperature of the kitchen waste is 100° C. or higher and 250° C. or lower. (2) The kitchen waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supply path of the conveying air in the storage chamber is a space above the kitchen waste. (3) The kitchen waste processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein microwaves are used as the heating means.