JPH04501152A - Device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine prior art The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1. In the above type of equipment, the combustion The air drawn into the edge area of the material jet is subtly heated by a heating element, so that it is mixed. Gas formation, ignition and combustion are improved. This applies especially during the start-up phase and during the warm-up phase. It is recognized that the floor is better due to reduced noise and emissions of harmful substances. above benefits The points are the details of the edge area of the inhaled air or the fuel jet mixed with that air. It increases in proportion to the height of the thermal temperature. However, known devices of the type described in the generic section (Federal Republic of Germany Patent Application No. 3307109) The material for the heating element or sub-heating element may have only limited heat resistance. This is an obstacle to increasing the temperature to the desired level.

Advantages of the invention The device according to the characterizing part of claim 1 of the invention has the following advantages over known devices: have. That is, in the present invention, the heating element heats the air to a temperature exceeding 1200°C. It is possible to gradually heat the internal combustion engine's piston relative to top dead center. , it is possible to always inject fuel relatively late, and noise reduction is achieved by reducing output and fuel consumption. This can be achieved without any loss of cost. The powerful combustion after top dead center produces soot and HC. suppresses the release of Such high temperatures may be caused by metals or conductive ceramics. It is no longer possible to achieve continuous operation using a small heating element consisting of 0 In proportion to the magnitude of the selected plasma temperature and device input connection time, the current The poles become hot. Also, in special cases, the wall of the central through-hole of the heating element may Electricity can be generated using a fuel jet by sizing the through hole in contact with the jet. The poles can be cooled. Fuels like alcohol as another option, especially When using the device, use a fuel jet contact type device to make the ignition more powerful. It can be configured as follows.

A further advantageous construction of the device according to claim 1 is achieved by the features of the following claims. results.

For example, guide the plasma generator to the electrode located closer to the injection nozzle. An orifice is provided, the guide orifice leading to an air supply opening in the heating element. extending radially beyond the extent of the opening located on the outside of the through which a portion of the inhaled air reaches the injection nozzle. and the guide orifice or one electrode of the plasma forming body. In the edge area of the fuel jet, the , a particularly strong and low-loss mixture formation is achieved.

drawing Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in detail in the following description. Figure 1 shows a heating element according to an embodiment of the present invention and an injection nozzle on the combustion chamber side. 1 and 2 are vertical cross-sectional views showing the divisions of the power supply device for the heating element shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

Description of examples The injection nozzle, which is designed as a throttled injection nozzle, has a nozzle body 10. The nozzle body 10 is fixed to a nozzle holder (not shown) by a tightening nut 12. has been established. A valve needle is slidably supported on the nozzle body 10. , the pulp needle is equipped with a throttle bottle 14 and is located at the bottom of the nozzle body 10. At 18 , the through hole for the conical fuel jet 16 is controlled. The injection nozzle The mounting in the cylinder head 22 of the internal combustion engine is provided in the hole 20, and the mounting The bore 20 transitions into a relatively small diameter passage 26 at an annular shoulder 24, which 26 communicates with the combustion chamber or front chamber of the internal combustion engine.

At the end of the tightening nut 12 on the side of the combustion chamber, there is a case of a heating element, generally designated by the reference numeral 30. housing 28 is fixed, and the heating element 30 is centrally located for the fuel jet 16. It has a through hole 32 located therein and is pushed into the passage 26 with radial play. ing.

The heating elements 30 are high heat resistant heaters arranged one after the other at intervals in the axial direction. An annular body 34,36 having two annular bodies 34,36 made of a conductive material of directly surround the central through hole 32 and communicate with the through hole 32 between each other. The annular gap 38 is defined by the annular gap 38. The annular body 34 is an annular flange bent upward. The annular flange 40 is fixed inside the casing 28. There is. The annular body 36 is made of an insulating ceramic body 42 to prevent the casing 28 from slipping. It is fixed to a tube-shaped extension 44 which has a A central through opening 46 is provided.

An annular chamber 48 is formed between the appendage 44 of the casing 28 and the side wall of the passage 26. The annular chamber 48 is formed by a hole 50 in the casing 28 or its extension 44. an annular ring which surrounds the opening area of the interior of the appendage 44 and outside the annular gap 38 via the It is connected to the chamber 52.

The annular chamber 52 is connected to the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle via the hole 54 in the annular flange 40. It is connected with a free chamber 56 between the body 34 and the body 34 . The hole 54 is located in the casing 2 Advantageously, it is located directly above the hole 50 at 8. The central through hole 32 is It has a short cylindrical section 58 on the inlet side, in which the fuel jet 16 is disposed. A conical section 60a, 60b follows, fitted into a conical shape.

The recircular bodies 34, 36 made of high temperature resistant material are shaped as electrodes of the plasma forming body. The plasma forming body heats the air in the annular gap 38 to an extremely high temperature, e.g. For example, heat to 1200°C. The annular body 34 forms the cathode of the plasma forming body. The earth is connected via the casing 28, the tightening nut 12, and the cylinder head 22. are combined. The annular body 36 is the anode of the plasma forming body and is connected to the tensioning nut 12. A plasma ignition device (FIG. 2) is connected via a power supply 62 guided insulatively through the is connected to. The plasma ignition device is a device for generating arc current. 66 and a device 68 for generating a high frequency, the outputs of both devices are The section 70 or 72 is connected to a distribution device 74 . Plasma ignition device 64 Additionally, the ignition execution signal and clamp modulate the individual devices 66,68,74. The zero distribution device 74 is provided with control inputs 76,78 for the axis position signals. Outputs 70.72 of device 66.68 are connected to individual outputs 70a-70d and 72a. ~72d, in a signal-controlled manner, and these outputs form a pair to provide high-frequency signals. The arc current is pulsed from the high frequency transformer 80. and is supplied to the power supply body 62.

During operation of the injection nozzle, the fuel jet 16 that passes through the heating element 30 and is injected is Depending on the purpose, air is transferred from the combustion chamber or the front chamber to the annular chamber 5 through the passage 48 and the hole 50. Inhale to 2. The annular chamber 52 allows a partial air volume to pass through the hole 54 into the chamber 56. A further partial air quantity reaches the edge region of the fuel jet 16 via the annular gap 38, There, a conical layer surface made of a mixture of air and fuel that is easy to ignite is formed. On this occasion , annular forming the cathode of the plasma former, with an integrally molded annular flange. The body 34 acts as a guide orifice, which guides the injection nozzle. The heating area of the fuel jet defines the formation area of the fuel jet directly adjacent to the bottom 18 of the separated from This procedure has already reduced the release of HC and NO harmful substances. It will be done. Air drawn into the chamber 56 through the holes 54 flows along the bottom 18 of the injection nozzle. Scraping the bottom while cooling likewise has an advantageous effect on the operating characteristics of the injection nozzle. use

The air drawn into the area # of the fuel jet 16 through the annulus [38] forms a plasma. Between the two electrodes 34.36 on the body, an arc is ignited between the two electrodes 34.36. The arc is ionized as strongly as possible, for example at 1200'C. It heats air to a high temperature that could not be achieved with thermal equipment. There is no thermal inertia Therefore, quick start-up is possible even at low ambient temperatures.

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Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the device comprising an injection nozzle and an injector. a passageway located behind the injection opening of the injection nozzle and communicating with the combustion chamber; and a heating element with a central through hole for the fuel jet is provided in the passage. and the heating element delimits an annular chamber which is permanently connected to the combustion chamber by a passage wall. at least one radial air supply opening leading from the annular chamber to the central through hole; The fuel jet combusts the air by the injection action through the air supply opening. In the type of suction from the chamber into the edge area of the fuel jet, the heating element (30) is small. At least almost, it is formed by both electrodes (34, 36) of the plasma forming body. , the two electrodes (34, 36) are arranged one after the other at intervals in the axial direction. and restricts the radial air supply opening (38) of the heating element (30) between the two electrodes. A device for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: 2. A gas is attached to the electrode (34) of the plasma forming body located near the injection nozzle. A guide orifice (40) is provided, and the guide orifice (40) is heated. The opening range located outside the air supply opening (38) in the body (30) is defined in the radial direction. extending beyond and having an axial through hole (54); Via the holes (54), a partial amount of the air drawn in reaches the injection nozzle and the plasma forming body. between the guide orifice (40) or one electrode (34). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it flows into the deforming chamber (56). 3. The guide orifice (40) is integrally formed with one electrode (34) of the plasma forming body. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is shaped. 4. Both electrodes (34, 36) of the plasma forming body are radially spaced apart from each other. (34, 36) and is surrounded by a sleeve (44) holding the sleeve (34, 36). The tube is provided with a central through-opening (46) for the fuel jet and has a passageway wall (26). ) delimits an outer annular chamber (48), which annular chamber (48) defines a sleeve (44). ) through radial through holes (50) in the heating element (30). It is characterized by being connected to an inner annular chamber (52) surrounding the air opening (38). The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 5. The combustion chamber side electrode (36) of the plasma forming body was connected to the power supply body (62). It forms the anode and is insulated by a ceramic material (42) into the sleeve. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that it is fixed. 6. It is equipped with a throttle-type injection nozzle that forms a conical fuel jet. The central through hole (32) of the heating element (30) is connected to a short cylindrical section located on the inflow side ( 58) and, following the section, a conical shape corresponding to the conical shape of the fuel jet (16). (60a, 60b). The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5.