JPH0452336B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a curtain wall structure, i.e. a front wall that is not supported on the floor.

The invention also relates to components, such as panels and fixtures, forming components of the curtain wall structure described above.

The wall is mounted on the supporting frame structure of the building in which it is installed;
It forms the exterior wall of a building and ensures that the inside and outside of the building are separated in a sealed manner.

Curtain walls are usually made of sheet material such as metal, plastic material, or wood.

Such sheet materials have the disadvantage of being relatively expensive and, in each individual case, may also have one or two of the following disadvantages: These include the need for special protection against humidity and aging, low impact resistance, poor thermal insulation, and the fact that they are only available as parts with limited areas, resulting in large lengths. For example, a large number of joints are required.

In order to eliminate this drawback, it has already been proposed to form such curtain walls from prestressed concrete panels.
However, such panels also have limited dimensions,
It could only be built one story high at most.

It is an object of the invention to provide a curtain wall structure of large height, that is to say a curtain wall structure extending over several storeys in height, in which each of the above-mentioned drawbacks is weakened or eliminated.

A feature of the curtain wall structure of the invention provided for this purpose is that it is formed by thin, longitudinally elongated, rectangular concrete panels having a length of more than 5 meters, preferably of the order of 10 meters. and the panel is prestressed by the longitudinal reinforcing member and is supported by a supporting frame structure containing the slab of a building whose floors are divided by horizontal slabs. A curtain wall structure whose upper part is suspended and forms the outer surface of the structure, wherein the panel has a longitudinal length spanning multiple levels of the structure, and the panel has a vertical length that spans multiple levels of the structure, and the panel is a slab of the support frame structure. The panel is suspended by a hanging part in which a hole in a bracket provided at the upper end of the panel is fitted to a horizontal pin member installed between forked members fixedly installed so as to protrude from the end. At least one level lower than the level on which the hanging section is installed, the panel is attached by fastening means that cannot move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the panel but can slide vertically. There is a particular thing.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Among the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a building having a conventional hanging structure and a curtain wall structure.

FIG. 2 shows a front view of the constituent panels of this curtain wall structure on a slightly larger scale.

FIG. 3 shows the curtain wall structure according to the invention as a detailed vertical section of a building on a larger scale, showing the method of hanging one panel according to the invention and the method of sliding another panel. This figure illustrates how to keep it at a minimum.

FIG. 4 shows a horizontal cross section taken along - in FIG.

Figures 5 and 6 are to the same scale as Figures 3 and 4 above, and show details of another building improved based on the present invention, respectively, in longitudinal section and - in Figure 5. 1 shows a horizontal cross-section along the curtain wall showing the sliding fastening in the middle of the curtain wall and the method of interleaving the adjacent constituent panels of the curtain wall.

FIG. 7 shows a front view of the sliding fastening shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 shows an explanatory view of a modification of the overlapping method of the panels.

Conventional Example The structure whose structure is schematically shown in FIG. 1 is a five-story building having a support frame structure 1 formed by a support wall 2 and five horizontal slabs ₃₀ to _{34 .} forms the floor of the first floor of the building.
The other slabs 3 ₁ to 3 ₄ form four floors and are supported by the wall 2 in a cantilevered manner at least at their ends.

The curtain wall in Figure 1 is formed by a thin concrete panel 4, which extends vertically over the entire height of the first floor and three subsequent floors, and is suspended from the end of a slab ₃₄ . There is.

The thickness of these panels 4 is extremely thin, 5 cm and 10 cm.
cm, of which 8 cm is an advantageous thickness.

In order to avoid the risk of this suspended panel 4 cracking under its own weight, the panel is "glued" or prestressed by means of adhesive wires.

In other words, this panel 4 is manufactured with a metal wire or cable 5 (second
(Fig.) is stretched, and reinforcement is performed by pouring concrete into the formwork, sheathing board, or bench that contains the stretched cable.

The tension in the cables is released after the concrete has set, and because the cables are closely bonded to the concrete, they provide permanent reinforcement to the concrete, which increases the strength of the panel. , which guarantees its crack prevention.

The above manufacturing method is covered by French Patent No. 1447819.
The thin prestressed concrete panels manufactured therein are already disclosed by No.
It was not intended as a suspended concrete curtain wall. As a result, the reinforcing material used for the panel is limited to the portions corresponding to the hanging and fixing members (edges of the panel), as described below.
It was not particularly strengthened.

The outer surface of each panel, which will be exposed to the exterior of the building in its final installed position, is formed by the bottom surface of the poured concrete during the concreting of the panel. By applying the desired relief profile to the bottom of the formwork or "bench", the desired relief can therefore be applied to its outer surface, in particular using cut stone or brick.

This improvement can be further enhanced by using white concrete or artificially colored concrete reminiscent of the natural color of cut stone or brick.

The panel 4 has a rectangular shape and has its longitudinal direction in the vertical direction.

The longitudinal dimension of each panel is greater than 5 meters, preferably around 10 meters, ie from 9 meters to 11 meters.

The length of 5 meters corresponds to the height of a building with two floors stacked on top of each other, such as a multi-story house.

Curtain walls are particularly suited to building structures such as those described above, which have several advantages over separate structures for each floor, in particular the reduction in the number of occupancies for a given cost. The performance requirements for intermediate floors in multi-story structures are less stringent than for other types of flooring, particularly in terms of sound insulation, fire protection, load support, etc.

The length of the panel, which is approximately 10 meters, is equivalent to the height of two multi-story buildings stacked on top of each other, but according to the knowledge of the applicant of this patent,
Despite this large length, the panels are easy to manufacture, suitable for transportation to hanging sites, and the prestressing applied to the panels allows them to support the weight of the panels without cracking. It is something that can be done.

The width of each panel should preferably be no more than 2.40 meters. This dimension takes into account the width of the road and allows for road transportation.

However, panels can be designed in a variety of different widths depending on their type. Its width can be reduced to 30 cm, so that the overall width of the assembly obtained by horizontally connecting and arranging these panels can be adjusted as required, thereby making it possible to adapt existing structures. It is easy to connect to and apply architectural limitations and constraints within a given environment.

Suspension of each panel 4 on the slab ₃₄ and its handling (removal from the manufacturing bench, erection, etc.) are accomplished by at least one hook member 6 provided near the upper end of the panel. be.

The hook member 6 is formed by an eyelet 7 (FIG. 2) provided in the panel.

Suspension of the panel from the floor slab ₃₄ is accomplished by horizontally aligning each hole 7 described above with a pin or eye bolt 8 (FIG. 1) embedded in the floor slab ³⁴ .

Embodiment In the present invention, the following structure is used for the above-mentioned hanging.

That is, a vertical protrusion 9 (Figs. 3 and 4) having a base 9 ₁ embedded in the upper end of the panel 4 and a head 9 ₂ having a through hole 9 ₃ , and a bifurcated part extending in the horizontal direction. It is a member (fork) 10, the foot part ₁₀₁ of which is embedded in the floor slab ₃₄ , and the head ₉₂ of the above-mentioned vertical projection 9 is inserted between the two arms ₁₀₂ on the other end side. In addition, these arms 1
It consists of a forked member 10 having a shape in which a hole 10 ₃ that matches the hole 9 ₃ is bored in each of the holes 9 ₃ and a pin 11 that passes through the three holes 9 ₃ and 10 ₃ . It is a structure.

Each panel 4 has a very small thickness-to-length ratio, so that the panel behaves as a somewhat flexible sheet.

In order to prevent this panel from flapping in the wind, in this example, the lower end and at least one point in the middle are restrained from moving horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the panel, but they are restrained from sliding vertically. This panel 4 is fastened to the supporting frame structure 1 by fasteners 12 constructed to permit the same. This prevents troublesome stress from occurring in the vicinity of the fastener due to thermal deformation.

As seen in FIGS. 5 and 7, each sliding fastener 12 has the following configuration.

Namely, a metal case 12 ₁ is embedded in the panel 4 and has a T-shaped opening toward the outside and extends along the corresponding surface of the panel, and a floor slab 3 ₀ , 3 to which the head corresponds. Embedded in ₂ , 3 ₄ ,
Bolt/nut member 12 where the threaded end to which the nut is attached passes through the T-shaped foot.
₂ , whose nuts fit into the ends of the T-shaped legs, and an intermediate elastic horizontal plate 1 that forms a gap on the inside of the panel and acts as a washer for tightening the bolts.
2 ₃ .

In order to prevent the risk of concrete peeling off in the vicinity of the upper fasteners, the panel 4 may be prestress reinforced or not prestress reinforced, as shown in FIG. It is desirable to provide a reinforcing member formed by a reinforcing member 13 that traverses the concrete in the vicinity of the fixture.

Such reinforcing members 13 are provided with large intervals in the middle part of the panel 4, but it is desirable that the intervals be small near the sliding fasteners 12 and close to each other.

It is also preferred to interpose a cushion 14 made of an insulating material between the panel 4 and the floor slabs _{30 to 34 for} heat and sound insulation (FIG. 3).

As illustrated in FIG. 3, the wall of the building is completed by an internal separating wall 15 running parallel to the panel 4 and separated from it by the above-mentioned space 16. It is something.

Each internal surface panel 15 is supported by a floor slab and extends from bottom to top between two successive floor slabs. This separation wall is made of a lightweight heat insulating material, for example plywood, fiberboard, plaster, etc., forming an inner wall surface ₁₅₁ .

It is also preferred to cover the upper end of each panel 4 with a drain plate 17 formed by a formed metal plate or plastic plate to protect the panel from rain.

Considering the thinness of the panels 4, it is difficult to connect each panel in the transverse direction so as to butt each other end to end and seal.

To this end, in the preferred embodiment, this lateral connection is accomplished by overlapping successive panels along the end plates of each panel.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the panels are stacked one on top of the other.

A mutually sealed arrangement of superimposed panels 4 can be provided in any desired manner, in particular with sealing elements 18 pre-embedded in the panels and elastic sealing material 19 compressed between the panels. It is formed as a result.

In Figures 5 and 6, three adjacent panels forming a curtain wall are shown, of which the two side panels form a window wall without holes, and the central panel forms a window wall. It has an opening 20.

This central panel is the one located closest to the horizontal supporting floor slab, and therefore is suspended directly from the floor slab and is connected to the floor slab as described above.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 5, the center panel is vertically slidably attached to the intermediate floor slab 3 ₂ , and the two panels shown below and above the floor slab 3 ₃ concrete panels are
An upper horizontal frame 21 above the window 20 on the lower floor and a lower horizontal frame 22 below the window 20 on the upper floor are respectively formed.

The interstitial walls adjacent to the central panel with the window apertures project somewhat outward from the facade of the building as far as this panel is concerned.

However, the above-mentioned window wall is suspended from and connected to the horizontal floor slab in the manner described above, and the only difference from the above-mentioned one is that the pins or The forks extend longer and cantilever from the floor slab in which they are embedded.

The horizontal periphery of the floor slab can also be treated accordingly. That is, it is possible to create a stepped configuration and to reduce the size of the above-mentioned cantilevers that are perpendicular to the projecting panel.

Instead of stacking the panels one after the other in the transverse direction, the panels can be stacked in the same direction and arranged so that the front surface forms a fish scale, as shown in plan view in FIG.

The axis 23 of the support pin or the support it replaces in this case need not be exactly perpendicular to the average plane of the panel, but it is desirable to provide the necessary corrections or tolerances.

The curtain wall structure, which ultimately has the construction and advantages as described above, can take on various embodiments.

Obviously, and as already made clear from the foregoing, the present invention is not in any way limited to the specifically contemplated embodiments or examples described above, but includes all modifications thereof. In particular, it includes the following:

That is, curtain walls can be used for purposes other than forming the exterior of a building as a vertical wall, for example as boarding, or can be slightly inclined from the vertical to form a roof. It is also possible to form

In addition, if the curtain wall is reinforced by providing vertical and/or horizontal ribs on its surface instead of forming it flat over its entire surface, the above-mentioned thickness of the panel is equal to that of the panel itself without ribs. means the thickness of

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a longitudinal section of a building having a conventional curtain wall structure. FIG. 2 is a front view of a panel constituting the curtain wall structure of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a building with a curtain wall structure according to the invention. FIG. 4 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. Figures 5 and 6 have the same scale as Figures 3 and 4, and are longitudinal sectional views and - in Figure 5, respectively.
Figure 3 shows a horizontal cross-section taken along the line;
FIG. 7 shows a front view of the sliding fixture of FIG. 5. FIG. 8 diagrammatically shows a variation of the method of stacking panels. 1...Frame, 2...Supporting wall, ₃₀ to ₃₄ ...
Floor slab, 4... Concrete panel, 5... Cable, 6... Hook member, 7... Eyelet,
8...Eye bolt, 9...Protrusion, 9 ₁ ...Base, 9 ₂ ...Head, 9 ₃ ...Hole, 10...Forked member, ₁₀₁ ...Foot, ₁₀₂ ...Arm, 10 ₃ ...
...hole, 11 ... pin, 12 ... fastener, 12 ₁ ...
...Metal case, 12 ₂ ...Nut member, 12 ₃ ...
...Elastic horizontal member, 13...Reinforcement material, 14...Cushion, 15...Inner separation wall, 15 ₁ ...Inner wall,
16... Space, 17... Draining board, 18... Seal member, 19... Elastic sealing material, 20... Window opening, 21... Lintel, 22... Rail, 23...
The axis of the support.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Formed by a thin, longitudinally elongated rectangular concrete panel 4, which is prestressed by the longitudinal reinforcing member 5 and stratified by horizontal slabs. A curtain wall structure in which the upper part of the panel is suspended by a supporting frame structure 1 including the slab of a building divided into a plurality of parts to form the outer surface of the building, the panel being divided into a plurality of parts. 4 is a horizontal pin member that has a length in the vertical direction spanning multiple floors of the building and is installed between forked members that are fixedly installed so as to protrude from the end of the slab of the support frame structure, Suspended by a hanging part 6 fitted with a through hole in a bracket provided at the upper end of the panel, and at a level at least one level lower than the level on which the hanging part 6 is provided, at right angles to the plane of the panel. A curtain wall structure characterized in that the curtain wall structure is attached by fastening means 12 that cannot be moved horizontally in a horizontal direction but can be slid in a vertical direction. 2. The prestressed rectangular concrete panel 4 forming the curtain wall structure has a length of 5 meters or more, preferably around 10 meters, and has a hanging part at one end in the longitudinal direction. 6 and is attached to the support frame structure by means of a vertically slidable fastener in at least one part remote from the suspension part 6. Curtain wall structure as described in Section. 3. The curtain wall structure according to claim 2, wherein the panel is reinforced by reinforcing members 13 in the vicinity of the hanging portion and the fastening portion.