JPH0459985A - Detergent for degreasing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a safe detergent ensuring a fine finish and having degreasing performance comparable to that of the conventional chlorofluorocarbon solvents or chlorine-contg. solvents by using a nonionic surfactant and one or more kinds of adipic esters represented by a specified general formula as essential components. CONSTITUTION:This detergent for degreasing contains a nonionic surfactant and one or more kinds of adipic esters represented by a general formula R1 OOC-(CH2)4-COOR2 (where each of R1 and R2 is 2-15C alkyl) as essential components. This detergent has degreasing performance comparable to that of the conventional chlorofluorocarbon solvents or chlorine-contg. solvents, does not break an ozone layer, can easily be degraded in waste water because of high biodegradability and is a safe detergent having low toxicity and a high flash point.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a composition for degreasing and cleaning materials to which oil-soluble oil has adhered during manufacturing and processing steps, such as mechanical parts.

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, in metal parts processing industries such as machinery and automobile industries,
In the manufacturing process, various oils such as cutting oil, processing oil,
Many hydrocarbon oils such as press oil and grease are used, and since these adhere to various parts (objects to be washed), they are washed and removed as appropriate. Freon 1 has traditionally been used as a solvent to wash and remove these oils and greases.
13 or chlorinated solvents such as methyl chloroform and trichloroethylene have been used. These solvents have a high ability to dissolve oil and grease and are nonflammable, so they are used in a wide range of industrial fields, such as for degreasing and cleaning metals, developing dry films for printed circuit boards, and the like.

[Problem that the invention is trying to solve]

However, as society's awareness of environmental issues increases, there is a movement to regulate the discharge of environmentally destructive substances into the atmosphere and water systems. For example, fluorocarbon solvents (5 types of specified fluorocarbons:
CFCl 1. CFCl2, CFCI 13, CFCl
14. CFCl 5) and methyl chloroform are ozone depleting substances, and trichlorethylene is
Its use is being restricted as a groundwater pollutant.

Under such circumstances, in industries that use chlorinated solvents such as Freon 113, methylchloroform, and trichloroethylene, there is a need for degreasing detergents that can replace the solvents as soon as possible.

[Means to solve problems]

The present inventors have discovered that Freon 113 used in degreasing detergents
Alternatively, as a result of repeated research on cleaning agents that can replace chlorinated solvents such as methylchloroform and trichloroethylene, nonionic surfactants and general formula (I) R, OOC (CHt )
-COOR2(I) (wherein R and XR2 have 2 to 2 carbon atoms
A composition containing as an essential component one or more adipate esters represented by
We have discovered that this is a cleaning agent that exhibits high degreasing performance and good finishing properties comparable to conventional degreasing cleaning agents (chlorinated solvents such as Freon 113 and methylchloroform, trichloroethylene, etc.), and based on this knowledge, we developed the present invention. I came to do this.

That is, the present invention provides (1) a nonionic surfactant, and (2) a compound represented by the general formula (1) % formula % (in the formula, R3 and R2 represent an alkyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms). A degreasing detergent characterized by containing as an essential component one or more of the following adipic acid esters.

The concentration of the nonionic surfactant used in the present invention is 1 to 3.
Preferably, it is in the range of 0% by weight.

Examples of nonionic surfactants used in the present invention include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl Ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether such as polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether; polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxysorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, etc. polyoxyethylene derivatives; examples include sorbitan fatty acid esters and glycerin fatty acid esters. Each of these can be used alone, but
Preferably, a combination of two or more types is used.

More preferably, a combination containing one or more polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester is used. The number of moles of the ethylene oxide moiety added in the polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant is preferably 3 to 40, more preferably lO to 40.
It is 20.

The concentration of adipate ester used in the present invention is 50 to 99
Preferably, it is in the range of % by weight.

Examples of adipate esters used in the present invention include diethyl adipate, dipropyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, diisopentyl adipate, dihexyl adipate, dicyclohexyl adipate, diisooctyl adipate, and adipic acid. diisononyl acid, didecyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, di2 adipate
-ethylhexyl, dialkyl adipate 610, decyl inoctyl adipate, and the like.

These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The combination of essential components in the present invention can be arbitrarily changed depending on the material and form of the object to be washed and the type of dirt. If one of the essential ingredients is missing,
The finish deteriorates due to poor degreasing performance or water rinsing performance. Moreover, only by combining two types of essential components can a practical cleaning agent that is safe for the environment, pose no problems in terms of occupational hygiene, and rival conventional fluorocarbon-based and chlorine-based degreasing abilities. Furthermore, it is possible to add various stabilizers and additives to the composition of the present invention in order to maintain the stability of the liquid and improve the stability against the objects to be washed, or to improve the dissolving power.

Examples of stabilizers and additives include hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, acetals, esters, ketones, fatty acids, nitroalkanes, amines, amides, glycols, aminoethanols, and benzotriazole. etc.

Furthermore, it is also possible to add an anionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant to the composition of the present invention, if necessary.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained using Examples and Comparative Examples. The cleaning methods in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.

Cleaning method in one embodiment (Fig. 1) - Ultrasonic cleaning machine charged with the composition of the present invention (manufactured by Yamato Kagaku, product name: BRANSONC220) 2 tanks (first tank, second tank)
Two water rinsing tanks (a third tank and a fourth tank) were prepared, and the temperature of the washing tank was set to 40°C. In addition, the temperature of the water rinsing tank was set to room temperature.

■ Item to be washed (50+nm x 50mm square SUS board)
0.1 of various oils [pressing oil (manufactured by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd., product name: Unipres ER-500), drawing oil (manufactured by Idemitsu Oil Co., Ltd., product name: Daphne Master Draw 522WD)]
g A uniformly coated product was prepared.

■ The items to be washed were immersed in the first tank for 1 minute and then in the second tank for 1 minute to perform ultrasonic cleaning.

(2) Next, the items to be washed were sequentially immersed in the third tank and the fourth tank for 1 minute each, and the items to be washed were lightly shaken for water rinsing.

■Finally, the items to be washed were dried in a dryer set at 110°C (drying time: 3 minutes).

■ The weight of the items to be washed was measured, the amount of residual oil was measured, and the cleanliness of the appearance was visually judged.

- Cleaning method in comparative example (Figure 2) - (When using volatile solvent) ■ Three hard glass washers with a capacity of 1000 and equipped with cooling pipes (first tank, second tank, third tank) ), put 300 - of comparison solvent into each type, use the first tank as a boiling tank (at the boiling point of the comparison solvent), the second tank as a cooling tank (at room temperature), and the third tank as a steam tank (at the boiling point of the comparison solvent). temperature).

(2) Each of the items to be washed was immersed in order for 1 minute (however, in the third tank, the items to be washed were simply put into the steam layer).

■ The weight of the items to be washed was measured, the amount of residual oil was measured, and the cleanliness of the appearance was visually judged.

In addition, when using a high-boiling solvent in the comparative example, the "cleaning method in the example" was followed.

Examples 1-8 A cleaning experiment was conducted on the compositions shown in Table 1.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative examples 1 to 3 Cleaning experiments were conducted using the solvents shown in Table 2.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative examples 4 to 6 Cleaning experiments were conducted using the solvents listed in Table 3.

The results are shown in Table 4.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The degreasing detergent of the present invention has degreasing performance and finish quality comparable to conventional fluorocarbon-based and chlorine-based solvents, and also does not destroy ozone and is highly biodegradable, so it can be used in wastewater. Even if it gets mixed into the water, it can be easily decomposed by ordinary microbial treatment. Therefore, there is no need to worry about contaminating the aquatic environment due to wastewater. It is also a very safe cleaning solvent due to its low toxicity and high flash point.

Therefore, the degreasing detergent of the present invention is practically an excellent degreasing detergent that can replace conventional fluorocarbon-based and chlorine-based solvents.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method of cleaning an object to be washed using a cleaning agent of an example, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method of cleaning an object to be washed using a volatile solvent of a comparative example. Patent applicant Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. (1) Nonionic surfactant, and (2) General formula (I) R_1OOC-(CH_2)_4-COOR_2...(
I) (wherein R_1 and R_2 represent an alkyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms) A degreasing detergent characterized by containing as an essential component one or more adipate esters represented by the following formula: