JPH0468092A - Degreasing detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an excellent degreasing detergent which can be substituted for conventional fluorocarbon or chlorine-base solvents by blending a nonionic surfactant with glycerol monoacetate, glycerol diacetate or glycerol triacetate. CONSTITUTION:A degreasing detergent comprising a nonionic surfactant and one or more of glycerol monoacetate, glycerol diacetate and glycerol triacetate. The detergent has a degreasing capacity and good finish comparable with conventional fluorocarbon or chlorine-base solvents. It does not destroy ozone and moreover it can be decomposed easily by usual microbiological treatment, etc., owing to its high biodegradability even when it gets mixed in waste water. Therefore, the resultant waste water has no fear of contaminating water environment. Further, the title detergent is a very safe detergent because of its low toxicity and high flash point.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a composition for degreasing and cleaning materials to which oil-soluble oil has adhered during manufacturing and processing processes, such as mechanical parts.

[Conventional technology]

Traditionally, in metal parts processing industries such as machinery and automobile industries,
In the manufacturing process, various oils such as cutting oil, processing oil,
Many hydrocarbon oils such as press oil and grease are used, and since these adhere to various parts (objects to be washed), they are washed and removed as appropriate. Freon 1 has traditionally been used as a solvent to wash and remove these oils and greases.
13 or chlorinated solvents such as methyl chloroform and trichloroethylene have been used. These solvents have a high ability to dissolve oil and grease and are nonflammable, so they are used in a wide range of industrial fields, such as for degreasing and cleaning metals, developing dry films for printed circuit boards, and the like.

[Problem that the invention is trying to solve]

However, as society's awareness of environmental issues increases, there is a movement to regulate the discharge of environmentally destructive substances into the atmosphere and water systems. For example, fluorocarbon solvents (5 types of specified fluorocarbons:
CFCII, CFCl2, CFCII3, CFC
II4, CFCII5) and methyl chloroform as ozone layer depleting substances, and trichlorethylene as a groundwater pollutant, their use is being restricted.

Under such circumstances, the industry that uses chlorinated solvents such as Freon 113, methyl chloroform, and trichloroethylene is rapidly seeking degreasing detergents that can replace these solvents.

[Means to solve problems]

The present inventors have discovered that Freon 113 used in degreasing detergents
Alternatively, as a result of repeated research on cleaning agents that can replace chlorinated solvents such as methyl chloroform and trichloroethylene, we have found that nonionic surfactants and one selected from glycerin monoacetate, glycerin diacetate, glycerin triacetate, or - A composition containing at least one species as an essential component is
We discovered that this is a cleaning agent that exhibits high degreasing performance and finish quality comparable to conventional degreasing agents (chlorinated solvents such as Freon 113 and methylchloroform, trichloroethylene, etc.), and based on this knowledge, we developed this cleaning agent. He came up with an invention.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that it contains as an essential component one or more selected from (1) a nonionic surfactant and (2) glycerin monoacetate, glycerin diacetate, and glycerin triacetate. This is a degreasing cleaning agent.

The concentration of the nonionic surfactant used in the present invention is 1 to 3.
Preferably, it is in the range of 0% by weight.

Examples of nonionic surfactants used in the present invention include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether: polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl Ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether such as polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether; polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxysorbitan fatty acid nis-til, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, polyoxyethylene fatty acid Examples include polyoxyethylene derivatives such as amides; sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, and the like. Each of these can be used alone, but preferably a combination of two or more types is used. More preferably, a combination containing one or more polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester is used. The number of moles of the ethylene oxide moiety added in the polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant is preferably 3 to 40, more preferably 10 to 40.
It is 20.

The concentration of one or more substances selected from glycerin monoacetate, glycerin diacetate, and glycerin triacetate used in the present invention is preferably in the range of 50 to 99% by weight.

The combination of essential components in the present invention can be arbitrarily changed depending on the material and form of the object to be washed, the type of dirt, etc. If any one of the essential components is missing, the finish will deteriorate due to poor degreasing performance or water rinsing performance.

Furthermore, only by combining two types of essential ingredients can we obtain a practical cleaning agent that is safe for the environment, poses no problems in terms of occupational hygiene, and is comparable in degreasing ability to conventional fluorocarbon and chlorine systems. . Furthermore, it is possible to add various stabilizers and additives to the composition of the present invention in order to maintain the stability of the liquid and improve the stability against the objects to be washed, or to improve the dissolving power. Examples of stabilizers and additives include:
Hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, esters,
Examples include ketones, fatty acids, nitroalkanes, amines, amides, glycols, aminoethanols, benzotriazoles, and the like.

Furthermore, it is also possible to add an anionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant to the composition of the present invention, if necessary.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained using Examples and Comparative Examples. The cleaning methods in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.

Cleaning method in Examples (Fig. 1) - ■ Ultrasonic cleaning machine charged with the composition of the present invention [manufactured by Yamato Kagaku ■, product name: BRANSONIC220] 2 tanks (first tank, second tank) and a water rinse tank Two tanks (a third tank and a fourth tank) were prepared, and the temperature of the cleaning tank was set to 40°C. In addition, the temperature of the water rinsing tank was set to room temperature.

■ Apply various oils [press oil (manufactured by Nippon Oil ■, product name: Unipres E
R-500), drawing oil (manufactured by Idemitsu Sekiyu ■, product name:
Daphne Master Draw-522WD)) 0.10g
A uniformly coated product was prepared.

■ The items to be washed were immersed in the first tank for 1 minute and then in the second tank for 1 minute to perform ultrasonic cleaning.

(2) Next, the items to be washed were sequentially immersed in the third tank and the fourth tank for 1 minute each, and the items to be washed were lightly shaken for water rinsing.

■ Finally, the items to be washed were dried in a dryer set at 110°C (drying time: 3 minutes).

■ The weight of the items to be washed was measured, the amount of residual oil was measured, and the cleanliness of the appearance was visually judged.

Cleaning method in comparative example (Figure 2) (When volatile solvent is used) ■ 53 hard glass cleaning units (1st tank, 2nd tank, 3rd tank) with a capacity of 1000 d equipped with cooling pipes were prepared. 300 d of comparative solvent was put in each type, the first tank was a boiling tank (temperature of the boiling point of the comparative solvent), the second tank was a cold bath (room temperature), and the third tank was a steam tank (temperature of the boiling point of the comparative solvent).

(2) Each of the items to be washed was immersed in order for 1 minute (however, in the third tank, the items to be washed were simply put into the steam layer).

■ The weight of the items to be washed was measured, the amount of residual oil was measured, and the cleanliness of the appearance was visually judged.

In addition, when using a high-boiling solvent in the comparative example, the "cleaning method in the example" was followed.

Examples 1-4 A cleaning experiment was conducted on the compositions shown in Table 1.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative examples 1 to 3 Cleaning experiments were conducted using the solvents shown in Table 2.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative example 4.5 Cleaning experiments were conducted using the solvents listed in Table 3.

The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 1 Table 1 (blank space below) (Note) Judgment criteria Knee residual oil amount - None ----・----1 - Residual amount is less than o, oooo Slightly remaining - Residual amount is o, oooo or more 0.0
Significantly remaining less than 0.010 - Judgment criteria for residual amount of 0.0010 or more Knee appearance cleanliness ○...No oil stains has degreasing performance and finish quality comparable to conventional fluorocarbon-based and chlorinated solvents. Moreover, it does not destroy ozone and is highly biodegradable, so even when mixed in wastewater, It can be easily decomposed by ordinary microbial treatment. Therefore, there is no need to worry about contaminating the aquatic environment due to wastewater. Also,
It is a very safe cleaning solvent due to its low toxicity and high flash point.

Therefore, the degreasing detergent of the present invention is practically an excellent degreasing detergent that can replace conventional fluorocarbon-based and chlorine-based solvents.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method of cleaning an object to be washed using a cleaning agent of an example, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method of cleaning an object to be washed using a volatile solvent of a comparative example. Patent applicant: Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. (1) Nonionic surfactant, and (2) A degreasing detergent characterized by containing as an essential component one or more selected from glycerin monoacetate, glycerin diacetate, and glycerin triacetate.