JPH0465952B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Field of Application of the Invention The present invention is utilized in the field of sliding doors for automobiles and other vehicles, aircraft, and buildings, and in particular, for enabling doors of cab-over type automobiles or passenger cars to be slidably opened and closed in the front and rear directions. This invention relates to a sliding door opening/closing mechanism.

Conventional technology Conventionally, sliding doors installed on cab-over type cars or wagons have an arm that pivots horizontally and projects outwards from the car body. There is a structure in which a sliding part provided on the door is rotatably supported, and the door is opened and closed by two movements: turning and sliding. With this structure, there is usually a locking mechanism that switches between the two movements of turning and sliding, in order to prevent sliding when the arm turns, and to prevent turning when the sliding part slides. This is necessary, and various options are being considered. One of them is JP-A-62-292523, which was created by the same inventor as the present invention.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the case of the conventional Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 62-292523, swinging and sliding are completely separated and operate in stages, and when the door changes from swinging to sliding when the door is opened, The arm that was swinging suddenly stops and the door changes from circular motion to linear motion by sliding, and when the door changes from sliding to pivoting when the door is closed, the arm that had been stopped in the protruding state changes to the sliding speed of the door. The door suddenly begins to turn at a similar speed, and the door changes from a linear motion to an arc motion, giving the operator a sense of impact, becoming a source of noise, and causing wear, rattling, and damage to the relevant parts. There were flaws.

In view of this, in this application, the impact force applied to each part is reduced by gradually switching between turning and sliding, instead of abruptly as in the conventional case, thereby reducing damage and wear. The purpose is to reduce the noise and obtain smoother operation.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides that after the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 which are horizontally rotatably supported on the support part 1 are pivoted and protruded, the inner arm 5
In a sliding door opening/closing mechanism in which the door 3 is movable back and forth through a shaft bearing 10 pivotally supported at the tip of the outer arm 6 and a rail 13 installed on the shaft bearing 10 so as to be movable back and forth, A sliding lock plate 18 is supported on the part 10 so as to be able to rise and fall freely by a shaft 17 provided in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the door 3, and the inner arm 5 is rotatably protruded on the inner arm 5. In this case, it passes through the intersection S of the axis Y of the shaft 17 and the rotation axis Z of the inner arm 5 with respect to the bearing part 10, and from the intersection S to the front and lower side of the vehicle from the axis Y of the shaft 17. An arm lock plate 21 is supported by a shaft 20 that is slightly inclined to both sides, so that when the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 are erected, the shafts 17 and 20 are in the same straight line when viewed from above. When the inner arm 5 is rotated so as to be positioned on the line, the arm lock plate 21 is moved against the sliding lock plate 18.
is rotatably supported by a shaft 22 disposed coaxially with the center of rotation of the inner arm 5 relative to the bearing portion 10, and furthermore, the arm lock plate 21 rotates in the forward direction of the vehicle from the position of the shaft 22. Stopper 18 that stops
b is formed on one side of the sliding lock plate 18, that is, the surface facing the arm lock plate 21, and a guide pin 19 is provided protruding from the other end of the sliding lock plate 18. Drilled guide groove 16a
The guide pin 19 is slidably engaged with the guide pin 19.

Function Next, the function of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. First, when opening the door, as shown in FIG. Both the outer arm 6 and the outer arm 6 pivot outward, and both the rail 13 and the shaft bearing 10 are displaced outward, but since the inner arm 5 forms an angle with the shaft bearing 10, the sliding movement on the shaft bearing 10 The lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 on the inner arm 5 also form an angle, and both maintain an upright state, and the guide pin 19 protruding from the sliding lock plate 18 engages with the guide groove 16a. Because of this, the guide plate 16 is prevented from moving, and accordingly, the rail 13 and door 3 are also prevented from sliding. That is, during the turning operation by the inner arm 5 and outer arm 6 as shown in FIG. 7, the sliding movement between the shaft bearing part 10 and the door 3 is prevented.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rotation of the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 causes the shaft 17 and the shaft 20 to be on the same straight line when viewed from above, that is, the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 are aligned. When the rotation angle θ ₂ between the two ends reaches 180 degrees, the stopper 18b acts and will no longer open. However, the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 have not yet reached a fully rotationally protruding position, that is, a position where the arms are orthogonal to the shaft bearing 10. When the door 3 is further moved in the opening direction in this state, the guide pin 19 is pushed by the guide plate 16. In the state shown in FIG. 7, the sliding lock plate 18, which was prevented from rotating by the arm lock plate 21, rotates around the axis 17 since the shafts 17 and 20 are substantially coaxial.
begins to fall down. As mentioned above, axis 17 and axis 2
0 is not coaxial, the arm lock plate 21 acts as a link to interlock the sliding lock plate 18 and the inner arm 5, and as the sliding lock plate 18 falls down, the inner arm 5 moves the shaft 11. Rotate slightly counterclockwise around the center.

That is, the inner arm 5 rotates counterclockwise in conjunction with the inclination of the sliding lock plate 18. On the other hand, in this state, the inclination of the sliding lock plate 18 and the sliding operation of the door 3 operate in conjunction with each other because the guide pin 19 is engaged with the guide groove 16a of the guide plate 16.

Therefore, from the state shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
Sliding and turning proceed simultaneously until the fully protruding state shown in FIGS. 6 and 6 is reached. Then, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, with the sliding lock plate 18 lying horizontally and the inner arm 5 and outer arm 6 completely protruding, the door 3 is moved toward the rear of the vehicle body 2. When it is opened (opened), the rail 13, guide plate 16, and guide groove 16a also move rearward in conjunction with each other to perform a sliding operation. In this state, the vertical axis 22 intersects the axis Z of rotation of the inner arm 5 relative to the bearing 10, so while the door 3 is sliding rearward, the rotation of the inner arm 5 is inhibited and the outer arm 6 Turning is also inhibited.

Next, when the door 3 is moved toward the front of the vehicle body when the door is closed, the guide plate 16 is also displaced forward, contrary to the case when the door is opened, and at the same time, the guide groove 16a eventually engages the guide pin 19. In order to move forward,
The guide pin 19 is displaced upward while sliding along the track, and moves toward the starting point P of the guide groove 16a. Guide pin 1
9 is displaced upward, the sliding lock plate 18
gradually rises with the arm lock plate 21. As mentioned above, since the sliding lock plate 18 and the inner arm 5 are in an interlocking relationship, the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 gradually rotate clockwise as the guide plate 16 moves forward, that is, the door 3 moves forward. Begin to. When the guide pin 19 reaches the starting point P of the guide groove 16a,
Since the arm lock plate 21 stands up together with the sliding lock plate 18 and the vertical axis 22 coincides with the axis Z along which the inner arm 5 rotates, the arm lock plate 21 can rotate with respect to the sliding lock plate 18. Accordingly, the inner arm 5 is also able to pivot together with the outer arm 6 relative to the shaft bearing 10, and the door 3 is closed when the door 3 is displaced diagonally inward and forward. At this time, the sliding lock plate 18 is prevented from rotating by the arm lock plate 21, and the guide pin 19 is
Since the bearing part 10 and the door 3 are engaged with the guide groove 16a of the door 6, the shaft bearing part 10 and the door 3 are in a non-sliding state, and the door 3 only has to rotate the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 to ensure that it is in the normal position of the opening. Closed.

In this way, when opening the door, the arm first makes a swinging motion, and shortly before the end of the swinging motion, the rail begins sliding motion, temporarily using both the pivoting and sliding motions, as if performing a sliding run-up. When the turning operation is completed, the sliding operation begins. The same applies when closing the door.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to a drawing showing a sliding door of a driver's cab of a cab-over type car. supports the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 with a space between them by shafts 7 and 8 so as to project horizontally toward the outside of the vehicle body 2 so as to be freely pivotable, and prevent the outer arm 6 from pivoting near the vehicle body side wall 2a. There is a protruding arm stopper 9 (second
figure). At the tips of each of the inner arm 5 and outer arm 6, there is a shaft support 10 which is horizontally displaced parallel to the support section 1 as the inner arm 5 and outer arm 6 turn. The supporting part 1, the inner arm 5, the outer arm 6, and the shaft bearing part 10 form a parallelogram link. The rail 13 fixed below the inner surface 3a of the door 3 has a sliding groove 13a in the longitudinal direction.
At the same time, a sliding stopper 14 is fixed to the rear part of the rail 13, which abuts against the bearing part 10 when the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 are rotated and protruded in the right angle direction. , a plurality of rollers 15 provided on the shaft bearing part 10 in the forward and backward direction of the vehicle body 2.
are fitted, and the door 3 is slidably attached to the shaft bearing part 10 together with the rail 13. Furthermore, at the position where one of the inner arms 5 and the rail 13 intersect when the inner arm 5 is turned and protruded, a guide plate 16 is fixed between the upper inner surface 3a of the door 3 and the rail 13. Guide groove 16
a starting point above the position where a intersects the inner arm 5, and the direction in which the door 3 moves forward (closing direction)
Drill in a downward arc toward.

A rail 13 is provided on the upper surface 10a of the shaft bearing portion 10.
A sliding lock plate 18 is pivotably supported in the sliding direction of the rail 13 by a shaft 17 that is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the rail 13 and coaxial with the long axis X of the inner arm 5 when it is turned and protruded. At one corner of the lock plate 18, the arm lock plate 21 rotates toward the front of the vehicle from the position of the vertical shaft 22 (rotation angle θ ₂ exceeds 180 degrees).
A stopper 18b is provided to prevent this from occurring, and a guide pin 19 is provided protruding from the upper outer portion to engage with the guide groove 16a. In addition, a protruding portion 5a is formed on the inner arm 5 on the side surface near the arm tip shaft 11 and toward the front of the vehicle, and a shaft 20 is supported on the upper surface of the inner arm 5 and the protruding portion 5a. Bearing stand 2
3 will be provided. When the inner arm 5 is pivoted and protruded, the shaft 20 is arranged such that the axis Y of the shaft 17 is used as a reference.
Rotating in a positional relationship in which the axial line V is near the front of the vehicle and maintains deflection angles θ _a and θ _b toward the bottom, and the axial line V intersects the intersection S of the shaft 17 and the vertical axis 22. The arm lock plate 21 is freely provided so that the arm lock plate 21 can be freely raised and lowered, and the protrusion 21a of the arm lock plate 21 is fitted into the recess 18a provided in the sliding lock plate 18, so that the arm lock plate 21 is aligned with the same axis Z as the arm tip shaft 11. An upper vertical shaft 22 connects the arm lock plate 21 to the sliding lock plate 18 for rotation in the lateral direction.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the door 3 is pulled outward to open it, the shaft support 10 connected to the door 3 via the rail 13 and rollers 15 is simultaneously pulled outward, so that it is connected to the shaft support 10. The inner arm 5 and outer arm 6 that are
It rotates in parallel with 1 and 12 as fulcrums, and the door 3
is displaced diagonally backward.

As shown in FIG. 7, while the arm is pivoting, the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 are both upright, and the vertical shaft 22 connecting them is connected to the shaft bearing part 10.
Since it is on the same axis Z as the arm tip shaft 11 that connects the inner arm 5 to the inner arm 5, the arm lock plate 21, which used to intersect with the sliding lock plate 18, can pivot together with the inner arm 5 about the vertical axis 22. It is. In this state, the respective axial center lines Y and V of the shaft 17 and the shaft 20
Since they are still in a crossed position when viewed from above, they both remain upright and do not fall over. Therefore, the guide pin 19 also does not move, and since the guide pin 19 is engaged with the guide groove 16a of the guide plate 16, it is locked by the guide pin 19, and the slide of the rail 13 and the door 3 is prevented. Movement is inhibited.

FIG. 4 shows the positional relationship of each member immediately before the conversion from the swinging action of the arm to the sliding action of the door.As the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 swing, the shafts 17 and 20 move upward. The sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 are on the same line (the axis V matches the axis Y), that is, when the rotation angle θ ₂ formed by the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 becomes 180 degrees. 18
The opposite side surface 21b of the arm lock plate 21 hits the stopper 18b of the arm lock plate 21, and the arm lock plate 21 does not open any further with respect to the sliding lock plate 18, but the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 are connected to the shaft 17
It becomes possible to rise and fall around 20 and 20. At this point,
The inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6 are at a position where the long axis X of the inner arm 5 is not rotated by an angle corresponding to the rotation angle θ ₂ with respect to the axis Y, and is still fully rotated, that is,
Both arms have not reached a position perpendicular to the shaft bearing 10. In this state, when the door 3 is moved further in the opening direction, the guide pin 19 will move to the guide plate 16.
The sliding lock plate 18 is pushed by the shaft 1.
It starts to fall around 7. At the same time, the arm lock plate 21 is connected by a vertical shaft 22.
However, the arm lock plate 21 is located on the protruding portion 5a of the inner arm 5, and the shaft 20 whose center line V maintains a downward angle θ _c with respect to the center line Y as shown in FIG.
Since it is supported by the arm lock plate 2
1, the inner arm 5 is pushed in the projecting direction and rotates. Since the inner arm 5 pivots horizontally, the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 bend around the shaft 22 and follow the locus of the shaft 20, which pivots together with the inner arm 5. As a result, the remaining turning angle θ is ₃ degrees, and during this period, the guide plate 1
6 is moving toward the rear of the vehicle body together with the door 3, so the guide groove 16 is moved by the protruding guide pin 19.
The sliding lock plate 18, which is connected to the guide plate 16 through the guide plate 16, continues its tilting motion together with the arm lock plate 21 and the vertical shaft 22, and as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the sliding lock plate 18 When tilted horizontally, the inner arm 5 turns together with the outer arm 6 to a position perpendicular to the support part 1 and the shaft bearing part 10, and is in a fully protruding state.

That is, the inner arm 5 rotates counterclockwise in conjunction with the inclination of the sliding lock plate 18, and in this state, the inclination of the sliding lock plate 18 and the sliding movement of the door 3 are connected, and the forward angle θ _a From the previous state to full protrusion, sliding and turning proceed simultaneously. When the door 3 is moved rearward in this state, the rail 13 slidably supported by the rollers 15 slides and at the same time the guide plate 16 is also displaced rearward, but the vertical axis 22 is the rotation axis of the inner arm 5. Because the outer arm 6 intersects with a certain arm tip axis 11 and because the outer arm 6 abuts against the arm stopper 9, the outer arm 6 is prevented from rotating together with the inner arm 5.

Furthermore, when the guide plate 16 and the guide groove 16a are displaced rearward together with the door 3, the guide pin 19 escapes from the guide groove 16a, and the rail 13 is no longer restricted from sliding and becomes free, and the door moves further rearward. and is fully opened. On the other hand, the sliding lock plate 18, the arm lock plate 21, and the vertical shaft 22 are tilted together to form an angle crossing the arm tip axis 11, and the sliding lock plate 18 is connected by the vertical shaft 22. Since the arm lock plate 21 remains connected to the shaft bearing part 10 and the inner arm 5 by the respective shafts 17 and 20, the inner arm 5
is fixed at an angle with respect to the shaft bearing 10, making it impossible for the inner arm 5 and outer arm 6 to rotate.
The pivoting motion of the arm is stopped while the arm is sliding rearward.

Next, when you move the door forward to close it,
Correspondingly, the guide plate 16 is also displaced forward together with the sliding rail 13 due to the rotation of the roller 15, and the guide groove 16a engages the guide pin 19. Since the guide pin 19 is guided by the upward guide groove 16a and gradually displaces upward, the guide pin 19
A sliding lock plate 18 with a protruding structure and an arm lock plate 21 connected to the sliding lock plate 18
until the guide pin 19 reaches the starting point P of the guide groove 16a, the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21
As shown in Fig. 5, the vertical axis 22 is centered on the
While still bent in the shape of a square, it gradually begins to stand up while rotating around its respective axes 17 and 20. Then, as the sliding lock plate 18 and arm lock plate 21 rise, the inner arm 5 is pulled in the closing direction and begins to rotate. Since the inner arm 5 rotates horizontally, the sliding lock plate 18 and the arm lock plate 21 bend around the shaft 22 and follow the trajectory of the shaft 20, which rotates together with the inner arm 5, in the same manner as when the door is opened. . By this,
At the position where the guide pin 19 has rotated by a rotation angle θ ₃ with respect to the axis Y, the guide pin 19 reaches the starting point P, and the arm lock plate 21 is aligned with the sliding lock plate 18 at a position that coincides with the same vertical plane as the sliding lock plate 18. When the arm lock plate 21 stands upright, the opposing side surface 21b of the arm lock plate 21 hits the stopper 18b, and the rotation angle θ ₂ becomes 180°. In this state, the vertical shaft 22 connecting the two coincides with the axis Z of the arm tip shaft 11, so the inner arm 5 begins to rotate clockwise together with the arm lock plate 21, and at the same time the outer arm 6 also begins to rotate. When the inner and outer arms 5 and 6 begin to rotate, the guide groove 16a
The starting point P is in contact with the guide pin 20, and since the arm lock plate 21 is bent by more than 180 degrees with respect to the sliding lock plate 18, the sliding lock plate 18
The upright state without falling down and the fixed position state of the guide pin 19 are ensured, and since the forward movement of the guide plate 16 is also prevented, the sliding movement of the door 3 is also stopped, and only the clockwise rotation of both arms is ensured. will be carried out. Then, after the sliding operation of door 3 has stopped, door 3
is displaced diagonally forward by the rotation of both arms and is fitted into the opening 4.

Effects According to the present invention, when opening a sliding door, from the time when each arm supporting the door starts turning,
The rotation angle between the sliding lock plate and the arm lock plate is
Each arm rotates at normal speed until it reaches 180 degrees, and during this time, the guide pin locks the guide plate to reliably prevent the sliding movement of the door, and the rotation angle changes. Immediately after reaching 180 degrees, the rotation of each arm slows down and the door begins to slide in the opening direction, so the door begins to slide before the arm finishes its rotation, making both operations smooth. Since the handover of both operations is not carried out in stages, the generation of impact and associated noise is reduced, and at the same time, there is less wear and tear on these parts, and the door opening operation has a good feel. Furthermore, since the sliding lock plate and the arm lock plate are tilted by the displacement of the guide plate, each arm maintains a completely protruding state, and its reversal is reliably prevented. does not rotate. Furthermore, when closing the door, the pivoting movement is reliably prevented from the time the door starts sliding in the closing direction until the sliding lock plate and arm lock plate start to stand up, and the door cannot be slid normally. When the sliding of the door approaches the end, the sliding lock plate and the arm lock plate are pulled up by the guide plate that is displaced together with the door, and the arm gradually begins to turn. The arm begins to rotate before the door finishes sliding, which ensures smooth handover of both operations, shock prevention, noise reduction, wear and tear reduction, and a good feel when closing the door, just as when opening the door. However, when the sliding operation is completed, both the sliding lock plate and the arm lock plate stand upright and prevent the movement of the guide plate via the guide pin, so that sliding of the door is reliably prevented. So,
The door does not slide during the reverse rotation of the arm, and the front and rear edges of the door and the side walls of the vehicle body do not collide.
In addition, the switching between turning and sliding operation is performed only by raising and lowering the sliding lock plate, and because there is no structure or operation such as hook engagement using a spring as in the past, it is performed relatively smoothly. It is highly durable and can be used as a sliding door for vehicles that are subject to rough handling.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a side view of the driver's seat in which the present invention is applied to the door of a cab-over type truck, and Figure 2 is a cross-sectional enlargement of the main parts of Figure 1. FIG. Figure 3, Figure 4,
Fig. 5 is a view of the main parts of the present invention as seen from the inside rear of the door, and Fig. 3 shows the state in which the arm's rotation and the door's sliding take over each other's operations when the door is opened and closed, and each member. FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a rear view of the sliding lock plate and arm lock plate falling down, and the arm pivoting and protruding. The figure is a plan view of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a perspective view, seen from inside, of the positional relationship of each member during the pivoting action of the arm when the door opens or closes. Symbols: 1...Support part, 2...Vehicle body, 2a...Side wall, 3...Door, 3a...Inner surface, 4...Opening, 5...Inner arm, 5a...Protrusion part, 6... ...Outer arm, 7...Shaft, 8...Shaft, 9...Arm stopper, 10...Shaft bearing, 10a...Top surface, 11
...Arm tip axis, 12...Arm tip axis, 13
...Rail, 13a...Sliding groove, 14...Sliding stopper, 15...Roller, 16...Guide plate, 16a...Guide groove, 17...Shaft, 18...Sliding lock plate, 18a... ... recess, 18b... stopper, 19... guide pin, 20... shaft, 21...
Arm lock plate, 21a... Convex portion, 21b... Opposing side surface, 22... Vertical shaft, 23... Bearing base, S...
...Intersection, P...Start, V...Axis line, X...Long axis, Y...Axis line, Z...Axis line, _θ1 ...Tilt angle, _θ2 ...Rotation angle, θ ₃ ... Turning angle, θ _a ... Forward angle, θ _b ... Deflection angle, θ _c ... Downward angle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 After the inner arm 5 and outer arm 6, which are pivoted on the support part 1 for horizontal rotation, are pivoted and protruded, the shaft bearing part 10, which is pivoted on the tips of the inner arm 5 and the outer arm 6, and the shaft bearing part 10 are moved back and forth. In the sliding door opening/closing mechanism in which the door 3 is movable back and forth via a freely installed rail 13, a sliding lock plate 1 is mounted on the shaft bearing part 10.
8 is movably supported by a shaft 17 provided in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the door 3, and the shaft 1 is mounted on the inner arm 5 when the inner arm 5 pivots and protrudes.
7 and the rotational axis Z of the inner arm 5 with respect to the shaft bearing 10, and when viewed from this intersection S, the axis Y of the shaft 17 moves slightly both forward and downward of the vehicle. An arm lock plate 21 is supported by an inclined shaft 20 so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and the sliding lock plate 1
8 and the arm lock plate 21 are in the upright position, the arm lock plate 2 is placed against the sliding lock plate 18.
1 is rotatably supported by a shaft 22 disposed coaxially with the rotation axis of the inner arm 5 relative to the shaft bearing 10, and furthermore, the arm lock plate 21 is rotated from the position of the shaft 22 toward the front of the vehicle. Stopper 18 that stops rotation
b, and a guide pin 19 is provided protruding from the other end of the sliding lock plate 18, and the guide pin 19 is inserted into a guide groove 16a formed in a guide plate 16 that moves together with the door 3.
A sliding door opening/closing mechanism characterized in that 9 is slidably engaged.