JPH0466030A - stake - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention provides a pile that is driven into the soil, and more specifically, a pile that has the property of decomposing over time after being driven into the soil, and eventually dispersing into the soil and no longer functioning as a pile. It is related to the pile that has.

(Prior Art) In order to save labor in industry, a method has been devised in which a single seed is sown on a sheet material and the sheet is planted in a field as it is or after germination. When such a sheet is buried in a field, the sheet completely contacts the soil of the field and one seed,
In order for the seedlings to take root efficiently, the sheet is fixed in the field with stakes at appropriate positions, and the stakes are pulled out after the seeds and seedlings have taken root in the field and grown. These stakes are generally made of bamboo or wood, and the work of making, driving, and pulling out the stakes is time-consuming work. In particular, the work of pulling out stakes is easy to damage as the seedlings are still growing.Also, the work of laying grass on golf courses is also done using the above treatment method, but since the area is large, the work of pulling out stakes is time-consuming. is a particular problem. As described above, the development of stakes made of new materials for planting sheet materials is one of the challenges of agricultural labor saving.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a pile for use in fixing the above-mentioned sheets in a field, which can be easily manufactured, and after being driven into the land.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pile that is gradually decomposed by moisture in the soil or the action of microorganisms, deforms over time, loses its function as a pile, and finally decomposes and disperses, so that no work is required to pull it out.

(Means and effects for solving the problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a pile in which a composition in which a base material, a binder, and, if necessary, a surfactant are mixed is molded under pressure under heating. do.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that a composition comprising at least one base material selected from earth, carbon, and ceramics and at least one binder selected from proteins and polysaccharides is molded under pressure under heat. It is a pile that is characterized by the following.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below.

Base materials include soil particles such as field soil, clay, and sand; carbon particles such as soot, charcoal, and activated carbon; oxide particles such as alumina, silica, and titanium oxide; and calcium salt particles such as quicklime, lime carbonate, calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite. : and fine particles such as zeolite, acid clay, seviolite, diatomaceous earth, etc., and the binder is a water-soluble substance or a substance that has adhesive properties and is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil, such as glue. , gelatin, collagen,
Protein-based adhesives such as casein: CMC, alginic acid, starch, pullulan-based resins, polysaccharide-based adhesives such as saibrate, polyamino fats, water-soluble resins such as polyvinyl alcohol, etc. are used.

These porous and highly adsorbent base materials and binders, and if necessary a surfactant, are mixed uniformly with a small amount of water or solvent by stirring under heat, and then most of the water or solvent present is removed. It is removed, pressure molded under heat, and then dried to form piles.

The strength of the pile that can be obtained varies mainly depending on the type and grain size of the base material used, the ratio of binder to base material, and the forming pressure. On the other hand, decomposition in soil varies depending on the amount of binder and compaction pressure.

For example, by mixing a hard, small-grain base material with a small amount of binder,
When molded under relatively high pressure, the resulting pile is hard but decomposes slowly in the soil (but when a soft, large-grained base material is mixed with a large amount of binder and molded under relatively low pressure, the resulting pile is It is soft and decomposes quickly in the soil. By selecting the type of base material, particle size, amount of binder, and molding pressure, it is hard enough to be driven into the soil and decomposes relatively quickly in the soil. He suggested that it is possible to create piles that decompose.If a surfactant is used, a small amount of binder is sufficient even if a hard and small-grain base material is used, and if cellulose, straw, etc. are coexisting, the piles acts as a bonding agent, so
It has also been found that their use is preferred in some cases. The base material is selected to have an appropriate particle size depending on the type, but it is desired that the particle size is as uniform as possible and that it is fine particles.

Generally, particles of about 1 μm to 1000 μm can be used.

As for the ratio of binder to base material, if there is too much binder, it becomes soft, and if it is too little, it becomes brittle and cannot be used as a pile, so generally the ratio of base material to binder is 1.0 to 0.1 by weight. 2, preferably about 1:0.7 to 0.3. The molding pressure varies depending on the base material and bonding material used, and is generally 100k.
g/c■Use 3 or less.

Protein-based binders, especially glue, can be used to compress polysaccharide binders and require low molding pressure, and the amount of surfactant used is 0% by weight relative to the base material.
．． 1% to 5%, preferably about 0.5% to 2% is sufficient, and the use of bulk, cellulose, etc. gives elasticity to the pile,
Addition of a large amount of 10% or less by weight based on the base material is not preferable because it weakens the strength of the pile.

The present invention will be described below using an example in which field soil is used as the base material and glue is used as the binder, but the present invention can be carried out in the same manner with other base materials and binders.

Field soil is collected, dried and ground to create a fine powder of 10μ or less. Add water to the resulting fine powder and stir to make a slurry.
Add a concentrated aqueous solution of glue to it and heat it.
Thoroughly knead with a kneader, during which time evaporate as much water as possible to form a clay-like solid. This solid is packed into a mold and compressed under pressure while heating, and the vapor generated during this process is dissipated. The molded product is sufficiently heated and pressurized, then cooled, taken out from the mold, dried again at 100°C until it reaches a constant weight, and used as a stake. When the pile is driven into the soil, the glue gradually dissolves and decomposes due to the action of moisture and microorganisms in the soil. It no longer fulfills its function, and only field soil remains in the soil.

(Example) EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples.

<Example 1> A case will be described below in which Seviolite is used as the base material and gelatin is used as the binder, but the same procedure can be carried out using other base materials and binders.

Seviolyte T- with particle size of 600μ■~300μ
Add 400g of gelatin and 500g of water to 600g,
Heat to 90°C and stir to obtain a uniform slurry. This is further heated to 110°C and becomes a viscous paste, for example, in the form shown in Figure IJ1 (φlO■■).

2 kg while heating at the same temperature.
It is molded at a pressure of /c■2 and taken out from the mold after cooling.

The resulting piles are strong enough to withstand the pressure of driving them into the field. The resulting stakes were inserted into a field and pulled out over time to examine changes in shape, but the tips began to decompose on the third day, and after a month, the shape of the stakes was no longer recognized.

<Example 2> Field soil is collected, dried, and ground into fine particles of 10 um or less. A heated solution of 100 g of commercially available glue dissolved in 30 GmI2 of water is added to 600 g of this field soil powder, heated to 90°C and stirred to obtain a uniform slurry. This was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain stakes.

The resulting stakes were strong enough to withstand driving and become vines. Regarding changes in the soil over time, no pile shape was observed after one month.

<Example 3> 50 g of commercially available g and 70 g of water are added to too g of soot, and a uniform slurry is obtained while heating to 90°C. This was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain stakes.

The resulting stakes were strong enough to withstand driving and become vines. Regarding changes in the soil over time, no pile shape was observed after 1.5 months.

<Example 4> 340 g of casein was added to 660 g of dry field soil at 0.00 g. Add a heated solution of IN caustic soda solution 900■β and stir while heating to obtain a uniform slurry. This was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a pile.

It was strong enough to withstand the driving of thickened stakes. Regarding changes in the soil over time, no pile shape was observed after one month. Crush the resulting pile and remove 5g of it.
After adding 50 ml of water to the solution and boiling it, the pH of the cooled filtrate was measured and found to be 6,00.

<Example 5> Add a heated solution of 200 g of commercially available sodium alginate dissolved in 300 g of water to 300 g of calcium oxide,
Stir while heating to 0°C to obtain a uniform slurry. This was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain stakes.

It had sufficient strength to withstand the driving of piles. Regarding changes in the soil over time, no pile shape was observed after one month.

(Effects of the invention) The piles produced according to the present invention do not require the work of pulling out the piles as described above, and the base material used is used as a soil improvement material, so it does not accumulate in the soil. In addition to not causing any harm, the base material has adsorption properties, and the binding material decomposes into amino acids and becomes plant nutrients, so it has the effect of promoting the growth of microorganisms in the soil and enhancing their other powers. are doing. It is also possible to make piles by adding fertilizers and soil fungicides.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a pile mold used to create piles in Examples. ■...Pressure section 2...Heating section 3...Heater

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) At least one selected from earth, carbon, and ceramics
one base material and at least one selected from proteins and polysaccharides.
1. A pile characterized in that it is formed by molding a composition comprising two binding materials under heat and pressure. (2) Claim (1) in which a surfactant is further added to the composition.
pile of. (3) The pile according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the weight ratio of the base material and the binding material is 1:0.7 to 0.3. (4) The pile according to any one of claims (1) to (3), wherein the base material is at least one selected from earth, carbon, and calcium oxide, and the binding material is glue.