JPH0467902A - Method and apparatus for manufacturing long bamboo flat plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To certainly, effectively and continuously manufacture a wide and long bamboo flat plate while preventing the cracking thereof in a long state by developing a long longitudinally split bamboo material adjusted to a predetermined shape and a demensional range while softening the same under heating in a heating and developing apparatus. CONSTITUTION:A longitudinally split bamboo material 9 passes through an endodermis cutter 6 and an exodermis cutter 7 and both ends in the lateral direction thereof are obliquely cut in definite width by a width determining cutter 8. The longitudinally split bamboo material 9 inserted in a heating and developing apparatus is heated and softened from the part on its exodermis side by the action of the high frequency electrode 16 mounted on a heating and developing table 13 and successively developed in its advance direction while pressed by a plurality of the rolling feed rolls 14 arranged on the endodermis side so that the radius of curvature thereof successively increases to become a flat plate. To the heating and developing table 13, a tunnel 3 increased in its radius of curvature stepwise from the semicircular shape of the inlet part 1 thereof to become a flat shape at the outlet part 2 thereof is provided.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [, Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a wide elongated flat plate by continuously heating and rolling out vertically split bamboo material that has been split into halves or more, and an apparatus used for this purpose.

[Conventional technology] Bamboo wood has different structures, densities, and curvature radii on the inner and outer skin sides, and the presence of knots makes it extremely difficult to manufacture wide, long flat plates. . For this reason, the common method has been to vertically divide round bamboo into 30 to 40 square pieces, apply adhesive to a plurality of bamboo flat plates shaved into plate shapes, and laminate and laminate them to make wide materials. When rolling out bamboo materials, it takes a lot of time to flatten short pieces using only the caps, excluding joints, and the length of the inner circumferential surface of the bamboo material is determined in advance, as cracks tend to occur in the vertical direction. Attempts have been made to develop the adhesive by making numerous cuts in the horizontal direction, and filling the Sakuraaki space created by the cuts with adhesive (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-90202).
(Japanese Patent Publication No. 5J-48103). In addition, a method has been proposed in which a bamboo material with incisions is boiled in a heated oil bath and stretched out in both directions using a bamboo spreading device (Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-794). Furthermore, in the method of manufacturing bamboo boards in which bamboo that has been cut into a half-moon shape is pressed under heating to form a flat shape, both sides of the bamboo are pressed in the direction of narrowing the width to form a flat shape. A method of preventing bamboo from cracking by applying pressure has also been proposed (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1-294003). As mentioned above, various methods have been proposed, but although all of them can be carried out by batch-type processing, no specific means for continuously developing bamboo has been specified. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Problems with the conventional technology are as follows. (1) The method of making cuts in the inner peripheral surface of bamboo material is inefficient, and it is considered difficult to manufacture long flat plates. (2) Regarding the spreading method in a heated oil bath, the work efficiency is poor and there are many problems in terms of work and material quality, such as post-treatment of oil that has penetrated into the bamboo material. (3) In order to manufacture a wide long flat plate, it is thought that by using bamboo material cut in half lengthwise from Moso bamboo, a flat plate with an average width of about 151 cm can be obtained. There is a considerable difference between the larger diameter and the smaller diameter, but we need equipment that can stably produce long flat plates even with this difference. It is also necessary to devise ways to eliminate obstacles caused by the presence of joints. (4) In order to efficiently manufacture a long flat plate, remove the convex parts of the nodes of the long vertically split bamboo material 9 that is the raw material, and then scrape the inner skin side and the outer skin side uniformly to eliminate uneven surfaces. There is a need. (5) When unfolding bamboo, it is necessary to heat it to soften it, but it is necessary to select the optimal heating method and heating temperature. (6) When unfolding the heated vertically split bamboo material 9, in order to prevent vertical cracking, it is necessary to apply pressure evenly over the entire surface without concentrating the force on one part, and to reduce the tensile stress on the inner skin side. It is necessary to develop a pressure deployment method that lowers the amount of particles and disperses them into small particles. (7) When unfolding the vertically split bamboo material 9 as a long piece,
In order to increase production efficiency, it is necessary to develop a method that allows continuous work. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides a method for reliably and effectively continuously manufacturing wide long flat plates while keeping the vertically split bamboo material 9 long and preventing cracking. The purpose of the invention is to provide a device for the same.

[Measures to solve problem S g11] In the present invention, when continuously manufacturing wide long flat plates, firstly, in a bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine (Fig. 2), a long vertically split bamboo material 9 The knots and the inner and outer skin sides are evenly shaved off, and the cross-sectional shape of the vertically split bamboo material 9 is further processed into a predetermined shape and size range. Long vertically split bamboo material 9 adjusted to a predetermined shape and size range
In the next heating and developing device (Fig. 1), the material is heated and softened and developed into a long flat plate. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The bamboo material pre-treatment machine and heating expansion device used in the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (1) Bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine The bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine shown in FIG. It consists of (a) As shown in FIG. 9, the feeding surface plate 4 consists of a horizontal portion 17 and a vertical portion 18, and cuts 19 are provided on both sides of the horizontal portion 17, respectively. A width presser ruler 20 is fitted into each of the notches 19. Teeth 21 are provided at the lower part of the constriction ruler 20,
There is a gear 22 in the middle of the two radial pressure rulers 20 so as to mesh with the teeth 21 of the two radial pressure rulers 20 provided in parallel.
By the rotation of this gear 22, the pair of left and right convex rulers 20
move in opposite directions by the same distance, and the distance between them is 111
It can be divided. (n) The vane-shaped feed roll 5 has a large number of semicircular plates 23 attached to the rotating shaft 24 at equal intervals radially, as shown in FIG. (c) The endothelium It II6 is as shown in FIG.
A plurality of guide rolls 3G and a sharpening blade 1 are attached via springs 33 so as to move in a radial direction from the rotating main shaft 2.
Consists of. (d) As shown in FIG. 11, the outer skin side scraper 7 is composed of a plurality of guide rolls 35 and a scraping blade roller attached via springs 37 so as to move toward the center from a hollow circular main shaft 34. (f) As shown in FIG. 8, the width determining cutter 8 is provided with a pair of blades 2 on the left and right sides of the vertically split bamboo material 9 at a predetermined interval. (2) Heating deployment device The heating deployment device shown in Fig. 1 includes a tunnel 3 whose radius of curvature is gradually increased from a semicircular shape at the entrance portion 1 and a flat shape at the exit portion 2, a deployment guide 12, and a heating device. It is composed of a heating table 13 having a heating table 13 and a rolling feed roll 14. (a) The tunnel 3 of the heat-expanding table 13 is shaped so that it is always in contact with the outer skin surface during the opening of the bamboo material 9 to be fed. In other words, as shown in FIG.
is semicircular, but the radius of curvature gradually increases in the direction of travel of the vertically split bamboo material 9, and at the exit portion 2 it becomes a planar shape. (l Also, as shown in FIG. 5, a deployment guide 12 is attached to the inside of the tunnel 3. (rI) Inside the heating deployment table 13, as shown in FIG. The harmonic electrodes 16 are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vertically split bamboo material 9. Each harmonic electrode 16 is embedded in a cassette type frame lO.The cassette type frame 10 is heated The cassette type frame 10 is inserted from above into rectangular holes 28 made at appropriate intervals on the top surface of the unfolding table 13 so that it can move up and down.As shown in FIG. The curvature is the same as the curvature of the inner surface of 3. Also, the harmonic electrode 16 located on the bottom of this cassette type frame 1O is bent with the same curvature. As shown, a plurality of rolling feed rolls 14 are installed so as to be in contact with the inner skin side of the inserted vertically split bamboo material 9. The rolling feed rolls 14 gradually change in curvature from the circular arc roll at the entrance portion 1. Finally, it is made into a flat roll.The surface of this rolling feed roll 14 is irregularly provided with a large number of protrusions 15.However, a grooved roll or the like may also be used as the rolling feed roll 14. [Function] (1) Bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine (a) The vertically split bamboo material 9!

[This is positioned. Therefore, even if the diameter of the inserted vertically split bamboo material 9 changes, the center and wire number of the vertically split bamboo material 9 will be held at a constant location, so that the vertically split bamboo material 9 will not shake. Therefore, the long vertically split bamboo material 9 can be processed as it is without cutting it into short pieces. , rotates in the same direction as the traveling direction of the vertically split bamboo material 9 (Fig. 2).As a result, the vertically split bamboo material 9 with knots inserted therebetween is forcibly fed into the second direction without swinging up and down, and Muscle strength on the endothelial side (is broken off). (d) After the vertically split bamboo material 9 passes through the inner skin side shaving 6 and the outer skin side shaving 7, both ends in the radial direction are cut into a diagonal surface with a constant width by a width determining cutter 8. 26. Providing this slanted surface 26 means that when the vertically split bamboo material 9 is fed through the heating expansion table 13 of the heating expansion machine, the inside of the tunnel 3 of the heating expansion table 13 is cut as shown in FIG. This is extremely effective for reducing the frictional resistance to feeding with the expansion guide 12 attached to the bamboo material and for suppressing cracks that occur on the inner skin side of the vertically split bamboo material 9. (2) Heating expansion device (a) Heating The vertically split bamboo material 9 inserted into the expansion device is heated and softened from the outer skin side by the action of the harmonic electrode 16 attached to the heating expansion table 13, and at the same time, the vertically split bamboo material 9 is heated and softened from the outer skin side, and the radius of curvature is gradually increased. A plurality of rolling feed rolls 14 are arranged so that the plate is sequentially rolled out in the direction of travel while being pressurized, and becomes a flat plate. A tunnel 3 with a large radius and a planar shape at the exit portion 2 is provided.By attaching a development guide 12 inside the tunnel 3 and further providing projections 15 irregularly on the surface of the rolling feed roll 14, , the tensile stress applied to the inner skin side of the vertically split bamboo material 9 is relaxed and dispersed to a small extent, and the occurrence of vertical cracks and cracks in the bamboo material can be prevented. (17) The harmonic electrode 16 in the harmonic heating method of the heating expansion device is , have the same curvature shape as the tunnel 3 of the heating expansion table 13, and are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vertically split bamboo materials 9, so that they contact the surface of the outer skin side of the edge split bamboo materials 9 and generate a dielectric. This method allows dielectric heating up to a thickness of 20 mm of the material to be heated. In the case of bamboo, this method can be used because the average thickness of the material is about 10+ seconds, and it is extremely effective because a uniform heating effect can be obtained over the entire object by moving the object to be heated. (c) The heating expansion table 13 and the expansion guide 12 work to heat and soften the inserted vertically split bamboo material 9 and to gradually increase the radius of curvature while applying pressure uniformly throughout. In other words, since the heating expansion table 13 always wraps around the entire outer layer of the vertically split bamboo material 9 and is in close contact with it, the tensile stress generated during the expansion process is evenly distributed to a small extent as a whole. Vertical cracks can be prevented. (d) As shown in FIG. 3, the rolling feed rolls 14 are each provided with small protrusions 15 irregularly on its surface. This protrusion 15 has the function of reliably holding and feeding the vertically split bamboo material 9 without slipping. At the same time, these protrusions 15 finely emboss the inner skin side of the heat-softened vertically split bamboo material 9 into a convex and concave shape, as shown in the [phrase] of FIG. The force applied to the inner skin side from the outside of the plurality of rolling feed rolls 14 arranged side by side is not limited to a certain location. This is because, as shown in Figure 6) and (bl), the embossing of the respective uneven parts is misaligned, and the convexly embossed parts are made concave by the subsequent rolling feed roll 14. In other words, in the details of the entire inner skin side of the vertically split bamboo material 9, “
This also works to smooth out wrinkles, and by making the inner skin easier to stretch during pressurization, the longitudinal stress of the long flat plate is eased and dispersed to a small extent. Cracking can be prevented. [Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below. However, this example does not limit the various conditions and overall structure of the present invention, and does not fall within the scope of the claims. Each can be varied within the range described.As the test material, use standard bamboo material used in the current bamboo material processing industry, in which the protrusions 15 are irregularly arranged. The bamboo age is 3 to 4 years and the length is 2000.
IIL: 130 m in diameter at the center in the length direction This is an example of using Moso bamboo with a moisture content of 39.8% to 726% at the time of processing. The edge-split bamboo material 9, in which the test material has been cut in half or more in the length direction, is processed in the bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine (Fig. 2), and then sent to the next heating development device (Fig. 1), where it is lengthened. Sa2000wI
K A good long flat plate with a thickness of 7.5W and a maximum width of 142 mm with no cracks on both sides was obtained. A long flat plate of similar thickness was obtained using only heat. In addition, as a result of trial production under various conditions, the following was observed. (1) The outer skin side shaving 7 in the bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine was fully applicable not only to metal blades but also to abrasive paper and the like. (2) The heating development table 13 having the harmonic electrode 16 needs to have good electrical insulation, heat resistance, wear resistance, and strength. Ceramic casters were suitable. (3) High 111 with heating development device! The efficiency of heat softening by waves is affected by the oil and fat content and moisture content of bamboo wood. In other words,
The heat softening efficiency tended to be better when the oil and fat components were removed and the water content was higher. Most of the oil and fat components are contained in the outer skin 12 of the bamboo material, so it is necessary to adjust the outer skin of the vertically split bamboo material 9 by scraping it off in the bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine, or - as done during boat fishing. It is preferable to remove the oil and fat components using a method that In addition, good results were obtained when the water content was about 60% or more. If the moisture content is low, the bamboo material may be adjusted by soaking it in water. (4) In the harmonic heating method, as a result of changing the set heating temperature from 80℃ to 180℃, the higher the heating temperature, the better the softening of bamboo material, but at 140℃ or higher, it became weaker. It showed a tendency to become constant. Also, at the same time, about 1
A carbonization coloration phenomenon in which the bamboo material began to turn brown at around 50°C was also observed. From this, ideally a temperature around 140°C is appropriate. [Effects of the Invention] Using the long flat plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, wide long flat plates can be efficiently produced, simplifying the manufacturing process of laminated bamboo and laminated wood, improving material yield, and reducing flat plate manufacturing costs. It is possible to reduce the Furthermore, since it becomes possible to construct long and wide laminated timber, a wide range of product development is expected. Utilization of laminated bamboo and laminated wood for large furniture, flooring,
It is expected to be used for wall materials, fittings, and other building interior materials.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat-expanding device, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bamboo pretreatment machine, Fig. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a heat-expanding table, and Figs. 4 and 5 are A schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the inside of the heat-expanding table, FIG. 6 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view showing the action of the rolling feed roll, FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the vane-type feed roll, and FIG. 8 is a width-determining cutter. FIG. 9 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the feeding surface plate; FIG. 1O is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner skin side cut; and FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer skin side. . 1. Inlet part, 2. Outlet part, 3 Tunnel, 4. Feeding surface plate 5. Vane type feeding roll, 6. Inner skin side shaving 7. Outer skin side shaving,
8 ・Width determining cutter 9...Vertical split bamboo material 1
0...Cassette type frame 11...Long flat plate, 1
2...Development guide 1-3...Heating development table, 1
4...Rolling feed roll 15...Protrusion 1
6...Harmonic electrode 17...Horizontal part, 18
・Vertical part, 19 ・Notch, 20...Width presser ruler 21 ・Tooth 22 ・Gear 23 ・
... Semicircular plate, 24 ... Rotating shaft 25 ... Feed roll, 26 ... Oblique surface, 27 ... Blade, 28 ...
・Hole 29...rotating shaft, 30...guide roll 31...blade, 32...rotating main shaft 3
3.Spring, 34..Hollow circular main shaft guide roll blade spring

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) The vertically split bamboo material, which has been split in half or more, is continuously fed in the length direction to perform knotting and shaving of the inner and outer skin, and then is expanded while being heated. Method for manufacturing long bamboo plates. (2) A patent claim characterized in that after the cross-sectional shape of a long vertically split bamboo material is set within a certain range using a bamboo material pre-treatment processing machine, the vertically split bamboo material is heated and developed using a heating expansion device. A method for producing a long bamboo flat plate according to scope 1. (3) A bamboo material front comprising a feed surface plate (4), a vane-type feed roll (5), an inner skin side shaving (6), an outer skin side shaving (7), and a width determining cutter (8). Processing machine. (4) A heating development table with a tunnel (3) whose radius of curvature is gradually increased from a semicircular shape at the entrance part (1) to a planar shape at the exit part (2), a development guide (12), and a heating device. (13) and a rolling feed roll (14). (5) The heating and expanding device according to claim 4, characterized in that the bamboo to be fed is heated and softened by a plurality of harmonic electrodes arranged in parallel so as to contact only the side surface of the outer skin of the bamboo.