JPH0476743B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] This invention is applicable to large-scale pest control of rice fields, etc. (spray width approx.
100m), etc., and specifically relates to improvements to the ventilation section of agricultural chemical spraying devices.

[Prior art] Figures 10 to 20 relate to conventional agricultural chemical spraying equipment used for large-scale pest control (spraying width of about 100 m) of rice fields, etc., and the conventional technology will be explained with reference to these figures. .

FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of a blowing section 10a whose end on the discharge port side has a first shape example, and FIG.
It is a figure which looked at the discharge port 16 of the ventilation part 10a of a figure in the center line direction of the ventilation part 10a. The blowing section 10a has a substantially cylindrical fan casing 12, and has an inlet 1.
4 and a discharge port 16 are formed at both ends of the fan casing 12, respectively. Moving blade 18 and stationary blade 2
0 is arranged in the fan casing 12 so that the rotor blades 18 are closer to the suction port 14 than the stator blades 20, and air is sucked into the fan casing 12 from the suction port 14 by rotation of the rotor blades 18 as a blower. , the flow is rectified by the stator blades 20 and discharged from the discharge port 16 to the outside of the fan casing 12. Discharge port 16
is a circular cut surface that is substantially perpendicular to the center line of the fan casing 12.

FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of the blowing section 10b in which the end on the discharge port side has a second shape example, and FIG.
It is a figure which looked at the discharge port 16 of the ventilation part 10b of a figure in the center line direction of the ventilation part 10b. Discharge side casing 2
2 is connected to the downstream end of the fan casing 12 so that its center line coincides with the center line of the fan casing 12, and has a truncated cone shape constricting toward the discharge port 16. The discharge port 16 has a circular cut surface that is substantially perpendicular to the center line of the fan casing 12 and the discharge side casing 22.

FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view of a blowing section 10c whose end on the discharge port side has a third shape example, and FIG.
It is a figure which looked at the discharge port 16 of the ventilation part 10c of the figure in the center line direction of the ventilation part 10c. The overhanging portion 24 is
It is formed at the lower part of the discharge side casing 22 so as to project downward, and opens at the discharge port 16, so that the discharge port 16 has a lower protrusion.

16 and 17 show an example of how the nozzle 28 is attached to the blower section 10a of the agricultural chemical spraying device.

In FIG. 16, an annular nozzle pipe 2 extending circumferentially is shown.
6 is disposed inside the fan casing 12 near the discharge port 16, and includes a plurality of nozzles 28.
are attached to the annular nozzle pipe 26 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and are directed toward the discharge port 16.

In FIG. 17, an annular nozzle pipe 3 extending circumferentially is shown.
0 is fixed to the outer periphery of the end of the fan casing 12 on the side of the discharge port 16 in the vicinity of the discharge port 16,
A plurality of nozzles 32 are attached to the annular nozzle pipe 30 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and are directed toward the discharge port 16.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

FIGS. 18, 19, and 20 are graphs showing the relationship between the distance from the discharge port 16 by the blower section in FIGS. 10, 12, and 14, respectively, and the amount of chemical liquid falling.

In the blowing section 10a of FIG. 10, the air emitted from the discharge port 16 is diffused in the direction away from the center line of the blowing section 10a, so as shown in FIG. 18, the reach distance of the sprayed chemical from the nozzle is It gets shorter.

In the blowing section 10b of FIG. 12, the air is constricted by the tapered discharge side casing 22, so that the diffusion of the air coming out of the discharge port 16 is suppressed.
As shown in the figure, the chemical solution does not fall in the vicinity of the discharge port 16. Furthermore, when the wind from the discharge port 16 uniformly decelerates due to the resistance of the outside air and the wind speed drops to a predetermined value, the chemical solution falls to the ground, so the falling chemical solution is concentrated in the range B far from the discharge port 16. , poor uniformity of dispersion.

In the blower section 10c in FIG.
Due to the addition of , the amount of chemical solution falling in the area near the discharge port 16 increases compared to the blower section 10b in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20, the falling amount of the chemical solution in the middle range C is smaller than in the nearer and farther ranges D, and the density of the chemical solution becomes uneven.

In FIG. 16, an annular nozzle pipe 26 and a nozzle 28 are shown.
becomes wind resistance from the rotor blades 18, the wind force decreases, and the reach of the chemical solution decreases. This resistance increases as the number of nozzles 28 increases.

As the diameter of the sprayed chemical particles increases, the weight of the sprayed particles increases, making it difficult for them to travel sufficiently in the wind.
It becomes easier to fall and the reachability decreases. For example, in the case of a reach-type nozzle with a large hole diameter, the distance that can be reached without wind conveyance is limited to 25 m, and even if conveyed by the wind of a blower, it can only reach 5 to 50 m.
It only extends 10m. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the pore diameter of the spray plate in order to reduce the diameter of the spray particles, but if the pore diameter of the spray plate is made smaller, the number of nozzles required to secure the required spray flow rate increases accordingly. do. For example, in large-scale pest control when the agricultural chemical spraying device travels at a speed of 1.5 km/h, a spray width of 100 m, and a spray volume of 100 liters/10 a, the total flow rate of chemical spray from all nozzles is:
187 liters/minute. Therefore, it is disadvantageous that the number of attached nozzles is small.

In FIG. 17, an annular nozzle pipe 30 and a nozzle 32 are shown.
However, since the circumference of the discharge port 16 is short, there is a limit to the number of nozzles 32 that can be attached.

Furthermore, Utility Application No. 62-133058, which was not published at the time of filing of the patent application related to this invention but was published after the filing date.
The microfilm in the specification and drawings originally attached to the application No. 64-39874 is an agricultural chemical spraying device in which a cylindrical casing member has an inlet and an outlet at each end. , a blower is disposed within the cylindrical casing member, and sends air sucked from the suction port to the discharge port, and a part of the upper end side of the discharge port side of the cylindrical casing member is aligned with the center line of the cylindrical casing member. It is disclosed that the cut surface is left as a substantially perpendicular surface to the cylindrical casing member, but the remaining portion is a cut surface oblique to the center line of the cylindrical casing member such that the amount of protrusion gradually decreases toward the lower end side.
However, since this cylindrical casing member is not tapered toward the end of the discharge port, even if the cylindrical casing member has an oblique cut surface, the wind velocity at the discharge port as described later in this invention may be reduced. There is no action or effect of increasing the distribution toward the lower part of the ejection port and suppressing short-distance fall of the spray at the lower part.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems pointed out above, and to provide an agricultural chemical spraying device that can increase the spraying width, spray the chemical solution evenly, and can be equipped with a large number of nozzles. It is to provide.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention will be described using reference numerals in the drawings that correspond to the embodiments.

In the agricultural chemical spraying device of the present invention, the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48 each have an inlet 5 at each end.
0 and a discharge port 70. The blower 58 is
disposed within the cylindrical casing members 44, 48;
Air sucked through the suction port 50 is sent to the discharge port 70. The discharge port side ends of the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48 are formed in a tapered shape constricting toward the discharge port 70, and the discharge port 70 has an upper end protruding from a lower end thereof and a lower end of the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48. The cut surface is oblique to the center line of The nozzles 76 are disposed at appropriate intervals along the periphery of the discharge port 70 on the outer circumferential surface of the discharge port side end facing in the direction in which the air flows from the discharge port 70 .

[Effect]

The air generated by the blower 58 travels along the inner surfaces of the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48, and is narrowed and accelerated due to the tapered shape of the ends of the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48 on the outlet side. , and then discharged from the discharge port 70. The chemical liquid is ejected in a spray form from nozzles 76 on the outer periphery of the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48, and is carried by the wind from the discharge port 70.
transported.

Since the upper end of the discharge port 70 protrudes from the lower end, the air at the upper part of the discharge port 70 is constricted toward the center line of the cylindrical casing members 44, 48, and diffusion of the air upward is suppressed.

The discharge port 70 is connected to the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48.
Since the cut surface is diagonally cut with respect to the center line of 70 decreases almost continuously from the upper end to the lower end. When the velocity at the discharge port 70 is low, it is quickly decelerated to a certain value due to resistance with the outside air. Therefore, the distance over which a certain portion of the wind from the outlet 70 is decelerated to a predetermined value due to the resistance of the outside air is approximately evenly distributed over a range from near the outlet 70 to far away.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are a side view and a rear view of the agricultural chemical spraying device 36 as a whole. The agricultural chemical spraying device 36 is used for large-scale pest control of rice fields, etc. (spraying width of about 100 m), and is mounted on a self-propelled agricultural tractor, truck, water tanker, etc. as a self-propelled cart. The rotary table 38 is disposed facing upward and is rotatable around a vertical line by a predetermined driving means. A pair of arms 40,4
0 is fixed to the side of the rotary table 38 at the lower end and protrudes upward in an inverted "8" shape. The blowing section 42 is disposed between the upper ends of the arms 40, 40, and is rotatably connected to the upper ends of the arms 40, 40. A telescopic hydraulic cylinder 43 is rotatably coupled to the outside of one arm 40 and the blower section 42 at its upper and lower ends. The blower section 42 is
The direction is adjusted by the rotation of the rotary table 38, and the arm 40,
The angle of inclination can be adjusted by rotating around the horizontal line connecting the upper ends of 40. Note that during the spraying of the chemical solution, the blower section 42 is connected to the agricultural chemical spraying device 36.
oriented laterally with respect to the direction of travel.

FIG. 7 is a detailed longitudinal sectional view of the blower section 42 with the distal end side of the discharge side casing 48 omitted, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII--VIII in FIG. 7. The cylindrical casing outer cylinder 44 is connected to a bell mouth 46 and a discharge side casing 48 at both ends in the axial direction, and a suction port 50 is formed in the bell mouth 46 . The hydraulic motor 52 is connected to the casing outer cylinder 4
It is arranged in a casing inner cylinder 54 that is substantially concentric with respect to the casing inner cylinder 54, and is fixed to a circumferential fixing plate 55 that projects inward from the inner surface of the casing inner cylinder 54. Hydraulic pressure is supplied and discharged from the outside. The rotor blade 58 is connected to the casing outer cylinder 44
Inside, it is arranged on the bell mouth 46 side adjacent to the casing inner cylinder 54, and is fixed to the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 52. The hemispherical hub 60 covers the central portion of the rotor blade 58 from the suction port 50 side. The stationary blades 62 are integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the casing inner cylinder 54 and rectify the wind from the rotor blades 58.

FIG. 9 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for driving the hydraulic motor 52. The prime mover 64 is composed of an engine, an electric motor, or the like, and drives a hydraulic pump 66. A hydraulic pipe 56 connects the hydraulic motor 52 and the hydraulic pump 66, and the hydraulic medium circulates within the hydraulic pipe 56 in a fixed direction. Hydraulic motor 52 rotates rotor blades 58 using hydraulic pressure supplied from hydraulic pump 66 .

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the entire blowing section 42. As shown in FIG.
The discharge side casing 48 is connected to the downstream end of the casing outer cylinder 44 so that its center line coincides with that of the casing outer cylinder 44, and has a tapered shape that narrows toward the tip side, and has a discharge port at the tip. 70 is formed.

FIG. 2 shows a cut surface of the discharge side casing 48 forming the discharge port 70. As shown in FIG. The discharge side casing 48 is formed as a part of a conical cylinder having a circular bottom surface 72, and the discharge port 70 is connected to the discharge side casing 4.
The cut surface is oblique to the center line of 8.

Returning to FIG. 1, the discharge port 70, which is oblique with respect to the center line of the casing outer cylinder 44 and the discharge side casing 48, has its upper end protruding from its lower end. The annular nozzle pipe 74 is connected to the discharge side casing 48
It extends annularly along the circumference of the discharge port 70 on the outer peripheral side of the edge on the discharge port 70 side. The plurality of nozzles 76 are attached to the annular nozzle pipe 74 at appropriate intervals along its circumference, and are oriented toward the wind from the annular nozzle pipe 74. Each nozzle 76 has a spray plate with a small diameter hole therein, is supplied with a chemical liquid through the annular nozzle pipe 74, and ejects the chemical liquid as a small diameter spray. Nozzle 76 installed on the upper side
The angle with respect to the center line of the discharge-side casing 48 becomes larger, and the sprayed chemical liquid from each nozzle 76 is made to enter the wind discharged from the discharge port 70 at a constant angle.

The operation of the illustrated embodiment will be explained.

The wind generated by the rotor blades 58 as a blower flows through the casing outer cylinder 44 and the discharge side casing 4.
8, the discharge side casing 48
is narrowed due to its tapered shape to increase speed,
Thereafter, it is discharged from the discharge port 70. The chemical liquid is ejected in the form of a spray from nozzles 76 located on the outer periphery of the casing outer cylinder 44 and the discharge side casing 48, and is conveyed by wind from the discharge port 70.

Since the upper end of the discharge port 70 protrudes from the lower end, the air at the upper part of the discharge port 70 is constricted toward the center line of the discharge side casing 48, and diffusion of the air upward is suppressed.

Since the discharge port 70 has a cut surface cut diagonally with respect to the center line of the discharge side casing 48, the wind is discharged from the discharge port 70 without being constricted toward the lower side of the discharge port 70. The wind speed at the outlet 70 decreases almost continuously from the upper end to the lower end of the outlet 70. When the velocity at the discharge port 70 is low, it is quickly decelerated to a certain value due to resistance with the outside air. Therefore, the distance over which a certain portion of the wind from the outlet 70 is decelerated to a predetermined value due to the resistance of the outside air is approximately evenly distributed over a range from near the outlet 70 to far away.

FIG. 3 shows a modification of the shape of the discharge side casing 48 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In FIG. The overhanging portion 78 is
It protrudes downward and is provided at the lower part of the discharge side casing 48b, and opens at the tip as a lower protrusion 80 of the discharge port 70. The lower protrusion 80 also sends an appropriate amount of wind to the ground surface area in the vicinity of the discharge port 70, ensuring that the chemical solution is sprayed in that area. The discharge port 70 has a cut surface including the cut surface of the lower protrusion 80, which is a plane oblique to the center line of the discharge side casing 48b.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the entire blowing section 42 to which the reaching type nozzle device 82 is attached. The reach type nozzle device 82 is attached to the lower part of the blower section 42 near the lower end of the discharge port 70 and has a plurality of nozzles 84 . The nozzles 84 have nozzle holes larger than the nozzles 76 , the proximal nozzles 84 are directed downward, the most distal nozzles 84 are directed substantially horizontally, and the spray from each nozzle 84 is directed downward from the discharge port 70 . It reaches the ground surface by the spray force without relying on the wind. Since the spraying of the chemical solution in the ground area near the discharge port 70 is ensured by the reaching type nozzle device 82, the spraying range of the chemical solution by the wind from the discharge port 70 must be specified to be a range farther than the spraying range by the reaching type nozzle device 82. This makes it possible to increase the overall dispersion width. Further, since the crops in the range where the chemical solution is sprayed by the reaching type nozzle device 82 are not exposed to the wind from the discharge port 70, wind damage can be prevented.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the end of the cylindrical casing member on the side of the discharge port is formed in a tapered shape constricting toward the discharge port, and the discharge port has an upper end protruding from a lower end and a cylindrical shape. The cut surface is oblique to the center line of the shaped casing member. Therefore,
The wind within the discharge port side end of the cylindrical casing member is more constricted and discharged from the discharge port as it moves upward, and the velocity distribution of the wind at the discharge port decreases almost continuously from the top end to the bottom end. Become. As a result, the distance over which the wind from the outlet is decelerated to a predetermined value due to the resistance of the outside air is almost evenly distributed over a range from near the outlet to far away, and the air is carried and dispersed by such wind. The amount of the chemical solution is also uniform over a range from near the ejection port to far away.

Wind damage to crops is suppressed in the area near the outlet because the wind blows at a slow speed, that is, with a weak force, from the lower part of the outlet.

The upper end of the discharge port side end protrudes from the lower end, and the wind from the discharge port is prevented from spreading upward, thereby increasing the spray width.

Since the nozzle is disposed outside the cylindrical casing member, there is no resistance to the wind generated by the blower.
Strong wind can be discharged from the discharge port.

Since the discharge port is a cut surface oblique to the center line of the conical cylindrical casing member,
The circumference of the discharge port increases. Since the nozzles are arranged along the circumference of the discharge port at the outer periphery of the discharge port side end, the total number of nozzles that can be attached increases. Therefore, even when using a nozzle with a small hole diameter to improve the reachability of the spray, the necessary spray flow rate can be ensured.

In this invention, since the speed of the wind discharged from the lower part of the discharge port is low, the wind force hitting the crops near the discharge port is weakened, and wind damage can be suppressed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 9 relate to an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an agricultural chemical spraying device used for large-scale pest control in rice fields, etc., and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the entire blowing section;
Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the discharge side casing showing a cut surface of the discharge side casing forming the discharge port;
The figure shows a modified example of the shape of the discharge side casing in Figures 1 and 2, Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the entire blowing section with the reaching type nozzle device attached, and Figures 5 and 6 are A side view of the entire agricultural chemical spraying device and a view from the rear; FIG. 7 is a detailed vertical cross-sectional view of the blowing section with the distal end side of the discharge side casing omitted; FIG. A sectional view taken along line VIII, Figure 9 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for driving a hydraulic motor, and Figure 10 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for driving a hydraulic motor.
10 is a schematic plan view of an air blowing section in which the end of the air blowing section in FIG. 10 has a first shape example, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of the blowing section where the end of the blowing section has the second shape example, and FIG. 13 shows the outlet of the blowing section shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a schematic plan view of the air blowing section in which the end on the outlet side has a third shape example;
FIG. 15 is a view of the outlet of the blower section shown in FIG. 14, viewed in the direction of the center line of the blower section; FIGS. 16 and 17 are views showing an example of how the nozzle is installed in the blower section of an agricultural chemical spraying device; FIGS. 18, 19, and 20 are graphs showing the relationship between the distance from the discharge port of the blower section in FIGS. 10, 12, and 14, and the amount of chemical liquid falling, respectively. 44... Casing outer cylinder (cylindrical casing member), 48... Discharge side casing (cylindrical casing member), 50... Suction port, 58... Moving blade (blower), 70... Discharge port, 76... nozzle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The cylindrical casing members 44 and 48 have an inlet 50 and an outlet 70 at both ends, respectively, and the blower 5
8 is disposed within the cylindrical casing members 44 and 48, and sends air sucked in from the suction port 50 to the discharge port 70, and the cylindrical casing member 4
The end portions of the discharge ports 4 and 48 are tapered toward the discharge port 70 .
The upper end protrudes from the lower end and has a cut surface oblique to the center line of the cylindrical casing members 44, 48, and the nozzle 76 is directed toward the direction in which the air from the discharge port 70 flows. An agricultural chemical dispersing device characterized in that the agricultural chemicals dispersing device is disposed at appropriate intervals along the periphery of the discharge port 70 on the outer periphery of the discharge port side end. 2. The agricultural chemical spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the discharge port 70 has a lower protrusion 80 that protrudes downward.