JPH0483572A - Garbage disposal apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To sanitarily treat garbage by a method wherein a garbage container for natural matter and a garbage container for synthetic matter are separately provided using a microwave transmitting material to be received in a container made of a microwave reflecting material and both garbages are heated, dried or incinerated by a microwave to be reduced in wt. and volume at a garbage generating place. CONSTITUTION:A garbage container 4 for natural matter and a garbage container 5 for synthetic matter made of a microwave transmitting material are provided in the receiving part 3 of a container made of a microwave reflecting material. When a current is supplied to a magnetron 13 to guide a microwave to the receiving part 3, the microwave transmits through the garbage containers 4, 5 to irradiate the garbages 1, 2 in the containers 4, 5. The natural matter type garbage 1 containing moisture is heated to generate steam and the microwave transmits through the synthetic matter type garbage 2 containing no moisture. The air from a blower 7 flows down through the garbage container 5 on the basis of specific gravity difference to pass therethrough and subsequently flows down through the garbage container 4 to feed a large amount of steam to perfectly dry the natural matter type garbage 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a food waste disposal device that easily processes food waste generated in kitchens, hospitals, etc.

Conventional technology: Even though raw garbage is disposed of in landfills or incinerated by local governments, due to lack of land for landfills, we will have to rely on incineration in the future (although incineration also poses hygiene problems during transportation).
Despite the problem of insufficient capacity due to incinerator locations, conventional individual garbage processing equipment includes mechanical processing equipment called disposers, and incinerators that use gas, liquid fuel, or electrical heating.

The former method crushes food waste and disposes it into the sewer, while the latter uses the heat of combustion of fuel to incinerate the food waste. The use of disposers is being banned in Japan and the United States because the solid content can clog sewers.

There are various ways to incinerate large-scale items (a method suitable for small-scale equipment is to use microwaves to dry food waste before incineration and completely burn it, but no invention has been able to solve the problem). Among the food wastes that need to be addressed are food waste, including natural food waste of biological origin, and synthetic leftover waste used in packaging these materials.The latter includes various types of plastics, such as styrofoam, vinyl chloride, polyethylene, etc. However, this plastic itself cannot be called food waste.Although it is contaminated with blood and other substances and is treated as food waste in homes and hospitals, which is difficult to store hygienically like natural food waste, this synthetic food waste is When incinerated, chlorine is generated and the bulk of the waste is large during transportation.In some municipalities, exhaust gas treatment is installed in the incinerator equipment, and some municipalities do not have the necessary facilities to dispose of the mixed waste mentioned above. Separate collection is carried out.

All kinds of food waste have the problem of being difficult to store and transport because they are easily putrefied.The present invention solves the above problem by reducing the volume of food waste at the place where it is generated.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention aims to provide a food waste disposal device that can be used to dispose of food waste in a sanitary manner. Items to be disposed of (9) Both types of garbage should be dried or decomposed so that they do not rot, reduce their volume and make them easier to store, and reduce their weight to make them easier to transport. The specific technical means are described below.A natural garbage container made of a microwave-transparent material and a synthetic leftover garbage container are separately installed. It is a device that heats and dries or incinerates this amphibious waste using microwaves, but it is easy to absorb microwaves into moisture and is difficult to absorb into synthetic materials such as plastics. The temperature of natural food waste placed in the microwave space increases and dries.When the temperature rises, the microwave intensity distribution is not uniform in position, so it may become partially scorched.
In addition, even if aluminum foil is present, natural food waste is likely to catch fire due to electrical discharge (tIf there is synthetic food waste in the vicinity, it will ignite and chloride will be discharged, but in the present invention, synthetic food waste can be easily ignited). Because it is in a separate container, the synthetic material will not decompose even if the natural food waste catches fire.
This synthetic waste also dries while it has moisture attached to it, making it less likely to rot.Natural food waste and synthetic food waste are both hygienic as they can be separated and disposed of easily. However, if the container for synthetic residual waste is made to have microwave absorbing properties as in other inventions, the moisture content of the residual synthetic waste will disappear, and the volume of the synthetic material will surely be reduced due to temperature rise and thermal deformation. This is the result.

EXAMPLE Below, an example of the present invention will be explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
2 is synthetic leftover garbage with organic matter attached, such as packaging materials, syringes, medicine containers, etc. Today's raw foods are usually packaged in Styrofoam/k, vinyl chloride/k, polyethylene, etc. However, each food waste is stored in a food waste container 4 for natural food waste (made of heat-resistant brass, ceramic or other microwave transparent material such as glass) in the storage section 3, and a food waste container 5 for synthetic leftover food waste. (also made of microwave transparent material), the garbage containers 4 and 5 are removably provided inside the storage section 3 and can be taken in and out through a door 6.

The downstream side of the exhaust blower 7 in the flow direction is connected to the storage section 3. Inside the storage section 3, the garbage container 5 is provided upstream of the garbage container 4 in the flow direction, and further downstream there is an exhaust pipe 8 and a heater 9. , a catalyst 10 in which a platinum group metal catalyst is supported on a honeycomb-shaped carrier mainly composed of silica/alumina, and an exhaust port 11
Although microwaves generated by a magnetron 13 pass through a waveguide 12 at one end of the storage section 3 and generate an electric field in the storage section 3, a temperature detection section 14 is provided in the exhaust pipe 8 to detect the temperature of the catalyst 10. Although the air flows in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. 1, the operation will be explained with specific experimental data.
The garbage is then put into the garbage container 3.

The blower 7 is put into operation and air for conveying water vapor is supplied to the garbage 1 and 2, and the magnetron 13 is energized to guide microwaves to the storage section 3, which is then fed to a microwave-transmitting material such as a heat-resistant composite, glass, or ceramic. The light passes through the garbage containers 4 and 5 made of 300 ml and irradiates the garbage 1 and 2 inside. Microwaves are selectively absorbed by water, so natural food waste 1 that contains water rises in temperature and generates water vapor, but synthetic waste 2 that does not contain water is heated by microwaves because it is transparent to microwaves. However, the attached moisture generates heat and the temperature rises slightly due to this heat transfera.The air from the blower 7 flows into the garbage container 5 due to the difference in specific gravity, and even though the air moves the water vapor of the garbage 2 from the vaporized local area, this synthesis The material bundled waste 2 has a low moisture content. Even though the air after passing through it is relatively dry, this dry air flows into the garbage container 4, and the microwaves that carry a large amount of water vapor are transmitted to the garbage container 4. 5 is irradiated, but after the moisture is gone, there is no absorption in the garbage container 5. Even though the entire amount is absorbed into the garbage container 4, the synthetic bundled garbage 2 does not decompose. It is possible to continue irradiating the waves, and therefore the natural food waste 1 can be completely dried. Alternatively, the pre-separated synthetic bundled waste 2 with uneven heat dissipation and burnt parts will not be decomposed by this heat. Also, since the food waste container 5 is upstream of the food waste container 4, Not only soot stains (
Even though it is garbage, it feels unclean), and there is no adhesion of water vapor.
The decomposed gas of the natural food waste 1 produces an odor, so even if it is oxidized by the catalyst 10, which is preheated by the heater 9, the gas from which the hydrocarbons have been completely combusted is discharged from the exhaust port 11. may be collected and used for heating the storage section 3 and preheating the air (- The heat generated by the natural food waste 1 heats the synthetic waste bundle 2, causing it to undergo some thermal deformation and reducing its volume. There is insufficient heat to completely reduce the volume of bundled waste 2 through thermal deformation, because it is necessary to prevent the composite from decomposing.20
Strong food waste container 4 that must be kept at a temperature below 0℃
If 5 and 5 are brought too close thermally, the heat of the natural food waste 1 will transfer excessively, so this is done in order to separate the two to some extent. If it is made of metal powder, etc., the temperature of the garbage container 5 will be stabilized at a predetermined value determined by the microwave output, the material of the microwave absorbing material, and the air flow of the blower 7. Therefore, the synthetic waste bundle 2 will be heated reliably. Although the volume can be reduced by deformation, the output of microwaves can be controlled by the temperature detection parts 14 and 15. If l is not decomposed, are the two temperatures almost equal?Temperature detection unit 1
5 indicates a low temperature (when the natural food waste 1 decomposes, the decomposed gas reacts with the catalyst 10 and the temperature detection part 15 rises in temperature).Therefore, the difference between the temperature detection parts 14 and 15 may change. By detecting this and controlling the microwave, it is possible to perform drying while suppressing the generation of decomposed gas.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above examples, the present invention provides 1'L
The synthetic waste bundles (plastic and rubber) are placed in separate containers from the natural household waste, so even if the natural food waste catches fire, the synthetic materials will not decompose. This synthetic food waste also dries while it has moisture on it, making it less likely to rot. If the container for synthetic food waste is treated with microwave absorption properties, the temperature will rise and the volume of the synthetic material will be reduced by thermal deformation after the water content of the food waste is gone. In addition, we can provide food waste processing equipment that facilitates the inspection, collection and transportation of food waste at the place where it is generated, as well as the processing work at the final treatment plant.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a garbage disposal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a top view of the garbage disposal device with the same charges open.1...Natural garbage 2...Synthetic garbage 3.
...Storage sleep 4...Natural food waste container 5...Synthetic food waste container 7...Blower @ 10...Tactile ship 13...Magnetron. +! 〆〆〆,〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆〆ㆇ

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A natural food waste container made of a microwave transparent material, a synthetic food waste container also made of a microwave transparent material, and housing the two food waste containers. A garbage disposal device comprising a storage section made of a microwave-reflecting material, and a microwave heating source and a blower connected to the storage section. 2) A natural food waste container made of a microwave transparent material, a synthetic food waste container at least a portion of which is made of a microwave absorbing material, and a microwave reflective container that houses the two food waste containers. A food waste disposal device having a storage section made of a material, and a microwave heating source and a blower connected to the container storage section. 3) The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a combustion section for the generated gas in the container storage section. 4) The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the combustion section includes an oxidation catalyst.